The document discusses Java methods, including creating and calling methods, passing parameters, overloading methods, and method abstraction. It provides examples of void and non-void methods. Key points covered include defining method headers and bodies, passing arguments by value, variable scope, and using built-in Math class methods like random, min, max, and trigonometric functions.
PL/SQL is a combination of SQL along with the procedural features of programming languages.
It provides specific syntax for this purpose and supports exactly the same datatypes as SQL.
The document discusses looping statements in Java, including while, do-while, and for loops. It provides the syntax for each loop and explains their logic and flow. While and for loops check a condition before each iteration of the loop body. Do-while loops check the condition after executing the body at least once. Nested loops run the inner loop fully for each iteration of the outer loop. Infinite loops occur if the condition is never made false, causing the program to run indefinitely.
The document discusses methods in Java programming. It explains that methods can be used to divide large blocks of code into smaller, more manageable pieces by grouping related lines of code into reusable functions. This improves readability and maintainability of programs. The document provides examples of using methods without and with parameters and return values. It also covers defining your own methods and using methods from Java library classes.
- The document discusses setting up Microsoft Access databases and connecting them to a Visual Basic project to display data in forms using DataGridView controls.
- It provides steps for adding a database file to a project, configuring a data connection, selecting tables and columns as data sources, and formatting DataGridView controls to display the bound data.
- Two forms are created - one to display course data and another for student data by dragging DataGridView controls and configuring them to show records from tables in the Access database file.
This document discusses JavaScript variables, functions, and objects. It covers JavaScript datatypes like numbers, strings, and objects. It describes variable scope and how variables are hoisted or moved to the top of their function. It also discusses how functions can be defined and used as variables. Global objects like the window object are described. Finally, it provides examples of defining basic functions and using objects with properties and methods.
An abstract class is a class that is declared abstract —it may or may not include abstract methods. Abstract classes cannot be instantiated, but they can be subclassed. When an abstract class is subclassed, the subclass usually provides implementations for all of the abstract methods in its parent class.
PL/SQL is a combination of SQL along with the procedural features of programming languages.
It provides specific syntax for this purpose and supports exactly the same datatypes as SQL.
The document discusses looping statements in Java, including while, do-while, and for loops. It provides the syntax for each loop and explains their logic and flow. While and for loops check a condition before each iteration of the loop body. Do-while loops check the condition after executing the body at least once. Nested loops run the inner loop fully for each iteration of the outer loop. Infinite loops occur if the condition is never made false, causing the program to run indefinitely.
The document discusses methods in Java programming. It explains that methods can be used to divide large blocks of code into smaller, more manageable pieces by grouping related lines of code into reusable functions. This improves readability and maintainability of programs. The document provides examples of using methods without and with parameters and return values. It also covers defining your own methods and using methods from Java library classes.
- The document discusses setting up Microsoft Access databases and connecting them to a Visual Basic project to display data in forms using DataGridView controls.
- It provides steps for adding a database file to a project, configuring a data connection, selecting tables and columns as data sources, and formatting DataGridView controls to display the bound data.
- Two forms are created - one to display course data and another for student data by dragging DataGridView controls and configuring them to show records from tables in the Access database file.
This document discusses JavaScript variables, functions, and objects. It covers JavaScript datatypes like numbers, strings, and objects. It describes variable scope and how variables are hoisted or moved to the top of their function. It also discusses how functions can be defined and used as variables. Global objects like the window object are described. Finally, it provides examples of defining basic functions and using objects with properties and methods.
An abstract class is a class that is declared abstract —it may or may not include abstract methods. Abstract classes cannot be instantiated, but they can be subclassed. When an abstract class is subclassed, the subclass usually provides implementations for all of the abstract methods in its parent class.
This document discusses different types of keys used in databases. It defines keys as attributes that uniquely identify rows in tables. It then explains various key types including primary keys, candidate keys, super keys, alternate keys, unique keys, composite keys, foreign keys, natural keys and surrogate keys. For each key type, it provides examples from sample tables and discusses their properties and how they differ from each other. The document concludes that databases generally only contain primary, foreign, unique and surrogate keys, while other key types are conceptual, and that each table requires a unique key to reliably access and identify data.
The document provides information about a mentoring program run by Baabtra-Mentoring Partner including a trainee's typing speed progress over 3 weeks, jobs applied to with current statuses, an introduction to functions in Javascript covering definitions, advantages, examples, and local and global variables. Contact details for Baabtra are also provided at the end.
Python functions allow for reusable code through defining functions, passing arguments, returning values, and setting scopes. Functions can take positional or keyword arguments, as well as variable length arguments. Default arguments allow functions to specify default values for optional parameters. Functions are objects that can be assigned to variables and referenced later.
What are variables and keywords in c++Abdul Hafeez
Hi I am Abdul Hafeez ,I made this videos for Beginner and intermediate students, they can easily understand basic structure of c++ programming.
In this lecture students can understand easily:
* what is variables in c++ Programming?
* variables and data types in c++ Programming
* how to declare variables in c++ Programming
* how to initialize variables in c++ Programming
* keywords in c programming
* keywords in c++ programming
* variables and data types in c++ Programming
* size of data types in c++ Programming
* range of data types in c++ programming
* how are variables stored in memory?
C++ tutorials in URDU - HINDI
Basic concepts and advance concepts
Constants, Variables and Data Types in JavaAbhilash Nair
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document provides information about strings in Java including:
1) Strings are objects in Java that are used to hold text data. The String class represents strings and provides various methods to work with strings.
2) There are two ways to create String objects: using string literals or the new keyword. String literals reuse existing objects in the string constant pool.
3) Important String class methods include charAt(), concat(), equalsIgnoreCase(), length(), replace(), substring(), toLowerCase(), toUpperCase(), and trim(). These methods allow manipulating and accessing string values.
Tokens are the smallest individual units in a Java program. There are five types of tokens: keywords, identifiers, literals, operators, and separators. Keywords are reserved words that are essential for the Java language syntax. Identifiers are names given to classes, methods, variables and other program elements and have specific naming rules. Literals represent constant values like integers, floats, characters and strings. Operators perform operations on operands. Separators delineate different parts of code like parentheses, braces, brackets and semicolons.
This document discusses methods in C#, including how they are declared, invoked, and used. It covers key concepts like the main method, passing parameters by value and reference, output parameters, variable argument lists, and method overloading. Methods are declared inside classes and give objects their behavioral characteristics by allowing processing of data and responses to messages from other objects. The main method is the starting point of all C# programs and must be static. Parameters can be passed by value or reference, and output parameters pass results back using the out keyword. Variable argument lists use params arrays, and overloading methods have the same name but different parameters.
This document discusses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) and its components. It describes the two-tier and three-tier JDBC architectures and the roles of the JDBC driver, connection, statement, and result set. It also covers the different types of JDBC drivers and provides code examples to demonstrate how to connect to a database and execute queries using JDBC.
This document provides an agenda and overview for a two-day PL/SQL Fundamentals training course. The agenda covers key PL/SQL concepts like language features, the DECLARE, BEGIN, and EXCEPTION clauses, explicit cursors, nested blocks, and declared subprograms. Students will learn to program with PL/SQL using a sample COMPANY database that will be set up on Oracle Database Express Edition. The course is a prerequisite for more advanced PL/SQL trainings.
The document discusses modular programming, which involves separating a program into independent, interchangeable modules that each contain everything needed to execute one aspect of the desired functionality. Modular programming makes programs easier to understand, manage complexity through smaller blocks of code, encourage code re-use, and allow independent development of code. It provides an example program that defines a function to find the maximum of two numbers and calls that function from the main program. Advantages of modular programming include that modules can be written and tested separately, reused, and allow large projects to be developed in parallel.
This document provides an introduction and overview of PHP and MySQL. PHP is a programming language used for building dynamic web sites. It allows embedding code within HTML pages to quickly create dynamic content. PHP is processed on the server side to produce HTML results. The document outlines PHP basics like syntax, variables, strings, operators, and conditional statements. It also discusses MySQL, the most popular database used with PHP. The document concludes with exercises for users to practice basic PHP concepts.
This document summarizes different types of operators in Java including assignment, increment/decrement, arithmetic, bitwise, relational, logical, ternary, shift, and instance of operators. It provides examples of each type of operator and describes what they are used for such as assigning values, performing mathematical operations, comparing values, and checking object types. The key types of operators covered are assignment, arithmetic, relational, logical, and instance of operators.
This document discusses interfaces in Java. It defines an interface as a blueprint of a class that defines static constants and abstract methods. Interfaces are used to achieve abstraction and multiple inheritance in Java. They represent an "is-a" relationship. There are three main reasons to use interfaces - for abstraction, to support multiple inheritance functionality, and to achieve loose coupling. The document provides examples of interfaces, such as a Printable interface and implementations in different classes. It also demonstrates multiple inheritance using interfaces and interface inheritance.
The document compares Java and C/C++. It states that Java does not include some keywords, data types, type modifiers, and features found in C like pointers, preprocessor directives, and void function declarations. It also notes Java adds new operators, labeled statements, and object-oriented features. Compared to C++, the document notes Java does not support operator overloading, templates, multiple inheritance or pointers, and replaces destructors with finalize().
The document discusses the structure of a Java program. A Java program contains classes, with one class containing a main method that acts as the starting point. Classes contain data members and methods that operate on the data. Methods contain declarations and executable statements. The structure also includes sections for documentation, package statements, import statements, interface statements, and class definitions, with the main method class being essential.
What is an Array?
Array are the homogeneous(similar) collection of data types.
Array Size remains same once created.
Simple Declaration format for creating an array
type [ ] identifier = new type [integral value];
Array Basics
Copying Arrays
Passing Arrays to Methods
Returning an Array from a Method
(Optional) Variable-Length Argument Lists
The Arrays Class
Two-Dimensional Arrays
(Optional) Multidimensional Arrays
The document discusses conditional statements in Java programming. It covers if statements, if-else statements, logical operators, and nested if statements. It explains how conditional statements allow programmers to make decisions in code based on boolean expressions evaluating to true or false. Examples are provided to demonstrate if statements, if-else statements, logical operators like && and ||, and the use of block statements with conditional logic.
This document discusses different types of keys used in databases. It defines keys as attributes that uniquely identify rows in tables. It then explains various key types including primary keys, candidate keys, super keys, alternate keys, unique keys, composite keys, foreign keys, natural keys and surrogate keys. For each key type, it provides examples from sample tables and discusses their properties and how they differ from each other. The document concludes that databases generally only contain primary, foreign, unique and surrogate keys, while other key types are conceptual, and that each table requires a unique key to reliably access and identify data.
The document provides information about a mentoring program run by Baabtra-Mentoring Partner including a trainee's typing speed progress over 3 weeks, jobs applied to with current statuses, an introduction to functions in Javascript covering definitions, advantages, examples, and local and global variables. Contact details for Baabtra are also provided at the end.
Python functions allow for reusable code through defining functions, passing arguments, returning values, and setting scopes. Functions can take positional or keyword arguments, as well as variable length arguments. Default arguments allow functions to specify default values for optional parameters. Functions are objects that can be assigned to variables and referenced later.
What are variables and keywords in c++Abdul Hafeez
Hi I am Abdul Hafeez ,I made this videos for Beginner and intermediate students, they can easily understand basic structure of c++ programming.
In this lecture students can understand easily:
* what is variables in c++ Programming?
* variables and data types in c++ Programming
* how to declare variables in c++ Programming
* how to initialize variables in c++ Programming
* keywords in c programming
* keywords in c++ programming
* variables and data types in c++ Programming
* size of data types in c++ Programming
* range of data types in c++ programming
* how are variables stored in memory?
C++ tutorials in URDU - HINDI
Basic concepts and advance concepts
Constants, Variables and Data Types in JavaAbhilash Nair
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document provides information about strings in Java including:
1) Strings are objects in Java that are used to hold text data. The String class represents strings and provides various methods to work with strings.
2) There are two ways to create String objects: using string literals or the new keyword. String literals reuse existing objects in the string constant pool.
3) Important String class methods include charAt(), concat(), equalsIgnoreCase(), length(), replace(), substring(), toLowerCase(), toUpperCase(), and trim(). These methods allow manipulating and accessing string values.
Tokens are the smallest individual units in a Java program. There are five types of tokens: keywords, identifiers, literals, operators, and separators. Keywords are reserved words that are essential for the Java language syntax. Identifiers are names given to classes, methods, variables and other program elements and have specific naming rules. Literals represent constant values like integers, floats, characters and strings. Operators perform operations on operands. Separators delineate different parts of code like parentheses, braces, brackets and semicolons.
This document discusses methods in C#, including how they are declared, invoked, and used. It covers key concepts like the main method, passing parameters by value and reference, output parameters, variable argument lists, and method overloading. Methods are declared inside classes and give objects their behavioral characteristics by allowing processing of data and responses to messages from other objects. The main method is the starting point of all C# programs and must be static. Parameters can be passed by value or reference, and output parameters pass results back using the out keyword. Variable argument lists use params arrays, and overloading methods have the same name but different parameters.
This document discusses Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) and its components. It describes the two-tier and three-tier JDBC architectures and the roles of the JDBC driver, connection, statement, and result set. It also covers the different types of JDBC drivers and provides code examples to demonstrate how to connect to a database and execute queries using JDBC.
This document provides an agenda and overview for a two-day PL/SQL Fundamentals training course. The agenda covers key PL/SQL concepts like language features, the DECLARE, BEGIN, and EXCEPTION clauses, explicit cursors, nested blocks, and declared subprograms. Students will learn to program with PL/SQL using a sample COMPANY database that will be set up on Oracle Database Express Edition. The course is a prerequisite for more advanced PL/SQL trainings.
The document discusses modular programming, which involves separating a program into independent, interchangeable modules that each contain everything needed to execute one aspect of the desired functionality. Modular programming makes programs easier to understand, manage complexity through smaller blocks of code, encourage code re-use, and allow independent development of code. It provides an example program that defines a function to find the maximum of two numbers and calls that function from the main program. Advantages of modular programming include that modules can be written and tested separately, reused, and allow large projects to be developed in parallel.
This document provides an introduction and overview of PHP and MySQL. PHP is a programming language used for building dynamic web sites. It allows embedding code within HTML pages to quickly create dynamic content. PHP is processed on the server side to produce HTML results. The document outlines PHP basics like syntax, variables, strings, operators, and conditional statements. It also discusses MySQL, the most popular database used with PHP. The document concludes with exercises for users to practice basic PHP concepts.
This document summarizes different types of operators in Java including assignment, increment/decrement, arithmetic, bitwise, relational, logical, ternary, shift, and instance of operators. It provides examples of each type of operator and describes what they are used for such as assigning values, performing mathematical operations, comparing values, and checking object types. The key types of operators covered are assignment, arithmetic, relational, logical, and instance of operators.
This document discusses interfaces in Java. It defines an interface as a blueprint of a class that defines static constants and abstract methods. Interfaces are used to achieve abstraction and multiple inheritance in Java. They represent an "is-a" relationship. There are three main reasons to use interfaces - for abstraction, to support multiple inheritance functionality, and to achieve loose coupling. The document provides examples of interfaces, such as a Printable interface and implementations in different classes. It also demonstrates multiple inheritance using interfaces and interface inheritance.
The document compares Java and C/C++. It states that Java does not include some keywords, data types, type modifiers, and features found in C like pointers, preprocessor directives, and void function declarations. It also notes Java adds new operators, labeled statements, and object-oriented features. Compared to C++, the document notes Java does not support operator overloading, templates, multiple inheritance or pointers, and replaces destructors with finalize().
The document discusses the structure of a Java program. A Java program contains classes, with one class containing a main method that acts as the starting point. Classes contain data members and methods that operate on the data. Methods contain declarations and executable statements. The structure also includes sections for documentation, package statements, import statements, interface statements, and class definitions, with the main method class being essential.
What is an Array?
Array are the homogeneous(similar) collection of data types.
Array Size remains same once created.
Simple Declaration format for creating an array
type [ ] identifier = new type [integral value];
Array Basics
Copying Arrays
Passing Arrays to Methods
Returning an Array from a Method
(Optional) Variable-Length Argument Lists
The Arrays Class
Two-Dimensional Arrays
(Optional) Multidimensional Arrays
The document discusses conditional statements in Java programming. It covers if statements, if-else statements, logical operators, and nested if statements. It explains how conditional statements allow programmers to make decisions in code based on boolean expressions evaluating to true or false. Examples are provided to demonstrate if statements, if-else statements, logical operators like && and ||, and the use of block statements with conditional logic.
CIS 1403 lab 3 functions and methods in JavaHamad Odhabi
This lab discusses and provides examples of both built-in and user-defined functions. In Java function are referred to as methods. Therefore, in the rest of this lab, the term methods will be used to refer to functions. The lab will cover the type of methods, naming of functions, the scope of variables and recursion.
This document discusses procedures in Scheme. It defines procedures as descriptions of processes that take inputs, carry out actions, and produce outputs. The document explains that Scheme allows users to define their own procedures using the lambda special form. It provides examples of simple procedures that take inputs and return outputs. The document also discusses how procedures differ from mathematical functions in their ability to access and modify state. It introduces the concept of higher-order procedures that can take or return other procedures. Finally, it explains Scheme's substitution model for evaluating procedure applications by substituting parameter names with operand values.
Progamming Primer Polymorphism (Method Overloading) VBsunmitraeducation
This document provides guidance on creating a program to demonstrate method overloading in Visual Basic. It instructs the reader to create a class called My_Class with three overloaded methods called MyMethod that take different parameters. It then shows code for an event handler that creates an instance of My_Class and calls each MyMethod, displaying the output in labels. The document demonstrates how overloading allows multiple methods to have the same name but act differently based on their parameters. It also provides examples of errors that can occur if the Overloads keyword is missing or methods have identical signatures.
This document provides information about method overloading and constructor overloading in Java. It begins with listing reference books on the topic. It then covers topics like why method overloading is used, different ways to overload methods based on number, type, and sequence of parameters. Examples are provided to demonstrate method overloading. Constructor overloading is also explained with examples showing how to overload constructors. The role of 'this()' in constructor overloading to call one constructor from another is described.
The document describes a StringToWords class that implements a StringIterator interface. The StringIterator interface defines methods to iterate over a sequence of strings. The StringToWords class constructor takes a string and next() returns the space-separated words in that string. A sample program is provided that uses a StringToWords object to iterate and print the words.
you will learn how to create your own methods with or without return values, invoke a method with or without parameters, and apply method abstraction in the program design.
Intro to programing with java-lecture 3Mohamed Essam
This document provides an introduction to Java programming concepts including:
- A simple Java program that prints "Welcome to Java!" is presented to demonstrate a class, method, and output.
- Numeric operators, expressions, and performing mathematical computations in Java are explained.
- Common types of errors in programming like syntax errors, runtime errors, and logic errors are defined.
- Increment and decrement operators, augmented assignment operators, and if statements for conditional logic are described to illustrate basic programming constructs in Java.
Discrete structure ch 3 short question'shammad463061
An algorithm is a finite sequence of precise instructions for performing a computation or solving a problem. There are several key properties of algorithms including that they must have defined input and output, be definite with precisely defined steps, be correct in producing the right output, and be finite so they terminate in a finite number of steps. Different algorithms are analyzed based on their time and space complexity, with a focus on worst-case complexity. Common algorithms include searching, sorting, and algorithms for solving optimization problems. Determining the complexity of algorithms and whether problems can be solved in polynomial time is important for understanding what problems are tractable or intractable.
Java Polymorphism: Types And Examples (Geekster)Geekster
Polymorphism is one of the 4 pillars of Object-Oriented Programming. It is a
combination of two Greek words: poly and morphs. “Poly” means “many,” and
“morphs” means “forms.” So in Java, polymorphism means many forms.
Polymorphism is defined as the ability of a message to be displayed in more than
one form.
The document discusses algorithms for tree data structures. It describes AVL trees as self-balancing binary search trees where the heights of subtrees can differ by at most one. It also describes red-black trees, noting they are similar to AVL trees but use color attributes (red or black) to balance the tree. The key differences are that AVL trees are generally faster for lookup-intensive applications as they are more rigidly balanced, while red-black tree insertions and deletions may require fewer rotations than AVL trees.
The document discusses several key C# language features including auto-implemented properties, object and collection initializers, extension methods, anonymous methods, and lambda expressions. Auto-implemented properties reduce code by automatically generating backing fields and accessors when no additional logic is needed. Object and collection initializers allow initializing objects without separate constructor calls. Extension methods allow adding methods to existing types without modifying the original code. Anonymous methods and lambda expressions allow passing code blocks as delegates, with lambda expressions using less code.
JMeter Processors are utilized to transform the Samplers in their scope. There are two types of processors in JMeter as JMeter Post-processors and JMeter Pre-processors. In this presentation, we’ll go through post-processors.
Jmeter Post-processors are taking actions after the Sampler is done with its request. You can get the response or gather data into a variable for later use. It is up to your scenario. Read on to learn more.
The document provides guidance on designing method signatures for APIs. It recommends:
- Choosing method names carefully based on conventions and consistency;
- Not over-providing convenience methods to avoid complexity;
- Aiming for fewer than four parameters to aid memorability;
- Using interfaces over classes for parameter types for flexibility;
- Using enum types instead of boolean parameters when possible;
- Using method overloading judiciously to avoid confusion between overriding and overloading.
This document discusses algorithms and their applications in computer science. It begins with acknowledging those who helped with a course on algorithms. It then provides an introduction to algorithms, describing them as step-by-step procedures for solving general problems. The document provides examples of algorithms for finding the maximum value in a list, searching for a value linearly, and sorting values with bubble sort. It concludes by describing a Java program that uses an algorithm to search for a value within an array.
This document provides information on various data types, variables, and structures in Visual Basic, including:
- The differences between information and data, with data being information formatted for computer software.
- Common variable types like Integer, String, and Date that can be declared and initialized.
- Mathematical and string methods that can be used to manipulate variable values.
- Control structures like If/Then/Else statements, loops, and Select Case that allow conditional execution of code.
- Collections like arrays and ArrayLists that can store and manage multiple values.
The document covers many fundamental concepts in Visual Basic programming for representing and manipulating data.
The document provides an overview of basic PHP syntax and concepts, including:
1. PHP scripting blocks start with <?php and end with ?>. Variables, comments, and code lines must follow certain syntax rules.
2. Variables can store different data types and are declared with a $ sign. Arrays allow storing multiple values in one variable and can be numeric, associative, or multidimensional.
3. Common functions for manipulating strings include concatenation, finding length and position. Switch statements and loops like while are used for conditional logic and repetition.
This document discusses Java methods, classes, and key concepts like overloading, parameter passing, recursion, access control, static methods/variables, and nested classes. It provides examples of overloading methods based on parameters, passing objects and primitives as parameters, recursively calculating factorials, using access specifiers like public and private, defining static class members, and creating inner classes. It also covers strings, command line arguments, and common classes like String and StringBuffer.
This document provides a summary of key concepts in Ruby including:
- Everything is an object in Ruby including true, false, nil
- Classes are defined using class, modules using module, and objects are created using Object.new
- Methods are defined using def, variables can have default values, and returns are not required
- Modules contain reusable code that can be included in classes
- Classes can inherit from other classes and modules can be mixed in
To review computer basics, programs, and operating systems
To explore the relationship between Java and the World Wide Web
To distinguish the terms API, IDE, and JDK
To write a simple Java program
To display output on the console
To explain the basic syntax of a Java program
To create, compile, and run Java programs
(GUI) To display output using the JOptionPane output dialog boxes
PHP Basic and Fundamental Questions and Answers with Detail ExplanationOXUS 20
The document contains a 14 page questionnaire about PHP basics and fundamentals. It includes multiple choice and explanation questions about PHP syntax, variables, data types, operators, functions, arrays and more.
The first part contains 25 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of PHP basics like tags, syntax, variables, operators, functions, conditional and loop statements. The second part has 7 additional multiple choice questions focusing on built-in functions, arrays, filters and regular expressions. The third part asks to explain two tricky PHP code examples.
In summary, the document is a comprehensive skills assessment covering PHP fundamentals through multiple choice and explanation questions. It tests a wide range of PHP concepts and features to evaluate proficiency with the language.
This presentation introduces Java Applet and Java Graphics in detail with examples and finally using the concept of both applet and graphics code the analog clock project to depict how to use them in real life challenges and applications.
Fundamentals of Database Systems Questions and AnswersOXUS 20
Fundamentals of Database Systems questions and answers with explanation for fresher's and experienced for interview, competitive examination and entrance test.
Everything about Database JOINS and RelationshipsOXUS 20
Today, we continue our journey into the world of RDBMS (relational database management systems) and SQL (Structured Query Language).
In this presentation, you will understand about some key definitions and then you will learn how to work with multiple tables that have relationships with each other.
First, we will go covering some core concepts and key definitions, and then will begin working with JOINs queries in SQL.
Create Splash Screen with Java Step by StepOXUS 20
This presentation guide you how to make a custom Splash Screen step by step using Java Programming. In addition, you will learn the concept and usage of Java Timer, Java Progress Bar and Window ...
Fal-e-Hafez (Omens of Hafez) Cards in Persian using JavaOXUS 20
This document describes an application called "Omens of Hafez Cards in Persian Using JAVA" that generates random quotes from the poems of Hafez. It discusses the concepts of File I/O, random number generation, and component orientation used to build the application interface. Code examples are provided to demonstrate reading and writing files, generating random numbers, reading input from the keyboard and files using Scanner, and setting component orientation. The application is implemented using classes like File, Random, Scanner and adjusts orientation using ComponentOrientation.
Web Design and Development Life Cycle and TechnologiesOXUS 20
This presentation is an introduction to the design, creation, and maintenance of web design and development life cycle and web technologies. With it, you will learn about the web technologies, the life cycle of developing an efficient website and web application and finally some web essentials questions will be provided and reviewed.
Java Virtual Keyboard Using Robot, Toolkit and JToggleButton ClassesOXUS 20
A Virtual Keyboard is considered to be a component to use on computers without a real keyboard e.g. Touch Screen Computers and Smart Phones; where a mouse can utilize the keyboard functionalities and features.
In addition, Virtual Keyboard used for the following subjects: Foreign Character Sets, Touchscreen, Bypass Key Loggers, etc.
With Unicode you can program and accomplish many funny, cool and useful programs and tools as for instance, Abjad Calculator calculating the numerical value of letters derived from the Arabic alphabet through the use of the Abjad writing system, Bubble Text Generator to write letters in circle, Flip Text Generator to write letters upside down, Google Transliteration to convert English names to Persian/Arabic, etc.
The document discusses GUI event handling in Java. It explains that window-based Java programs are event-driven, meaning they wait for and respond to user-initiated events like button clicks or key presses. When an event occurs, an event object is passed to a listener object that handles the event. Listeners implement interfaces that correspond to different event types, like ActionListener for button clicks. The delegation event model in Java handles event passing from components to listeners.
The document discusses various validation techniques using regular expressions in Java, including username validation, password validation, password strength checking, email validation, and image file extension validation. Regular expressions are used to validate inputs match common patterns for things like usernames containing 3-15 characters, passwords being a minimum length and containing uppercase, lowercase, numbers and symbols, email addresses having the correct format, and image file extensions being formats like jpg, png, etc. Code examples and demonstrations are provided for each validation technique.
Regular Expressions (Regex) is powerful and convenient to use for string manipulation i.e. matching and validation, extracting and capturing, modifying and substitution, etc. This presentation covers Regular Expression with real world examples and demos.
Java GUI PART II is the continues of JAVA GUI PART I covering and discussing the GUI components as well as the different available Layout Managers which is available in JAVA and you can find dedicated example for each Layout Managers …
A Graphical User Interface (GUI) is a user interface based on graphics i.e. icons, pictures, menus, etc. instead of just plain text, it uses a mouse as well as a keyboard as an input device.
GUI applications enable the users (especially naive ones) to interact with a system easily and friendly. This presentation is meant for the individual who has little or no experience in Java GUI programming.
This tutorial explains step by step writing a simple guessing game where the player guess the number selected by the computer and the goal is to introduce the power and usage of RANDOM as well as the how to benefit CURRENTTIMEMILLIS method of the System class in order to check how much it took the player guessing the correct number.
JAVA Programming Questions and Answers PART IIIOXUS 20
Oxus20 is a non-profit organization aimed at improving education by providing training and assistance to IT and computer science professionals. The name Oxus20 comes from the Amu Darya river, the largest river in Central Asia, which represents the hidden talents that the organization aims to develop. The organization seeks to create an environment conducive to nurturing talent and creativity among students and researchers, institutionalize extra-curricular scientific activities, identify gifted individuals to involve in advancing the scientific community, and produce specialized publications to disseminate modern science and technology in society.
Object Oriented Concept Static vs. Non StaticOXUS 20
Static is not the true intend of Object Oriented Design and Concept.
For instance, we turn a LAMP "off" it does not suppose to turn the LAMPS of the entire world goes "off".
14 th Edition of International conference on computer visionShulagnaSarkar2
About the event
14th Edition of International conference on computer vision
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Hand Rolled Applicative User ValidationCode KataPhilip Schwarz
Could you use a simple piece of Scala validation code (granted, a very simplistic one too!) that you can rewrite, now and again, to refresh your basic understanding of Applicative operators <*>, <*, *>?
The goal is not to write perfect code showcasing validation, but rather, to provide a small, rough-and ready exercise to reinforce your muscle-memory.
Despite its grandiose-sounding title, this deck consists of just three slides showing the Scala 3 code to be rewritten whenever the details of the operators begin to fade away.
The code is my rough and ready translation of a Haskell user-validation program found in a book called Finding Success (and Failure) in Haskell - Fall in love with applicative functors.
WWDC 2024 Keynote Review: For CocoaCoders AustinPatrick Weigel
Overview of WWDC 2024 Keynote Address.
Covers: Apple Intelligence, iOS18, macOS Sequoia, iPadOS, watchOS, visionOS, and Apple TV+.
Understandable dialogue on Apple TV+
On-device app controlling AI.
Access to ChatGPT with a guest appearance by Chief Data Thief Sam Altman!
App Locking! iPhone Mirroring! And a Calculator!!
8 Best Automated Android App Testing Tool and Framework in 2024.pdfkalichargn70th171
Regarding mobile operating systems, two major players dominate our thoughts: Android and iPhone. With Android leading the market, software development companies are focused on delivering apps compatible with this OS. Ensuring an app's functionality across various Android devices, OS versions, and hardware specifications is critical, making Android app testing essential.
What to do when you have a perfect model for your software but you are constrained by an imperfect business model?
This talk explores the challenges of bringing modelling rigour to the business and strategy levels, and talking to your non-technical counterparts in the process.
Unveiling the Advantages of Agile Software Development.pdfbrainerhub1
Learn about Agile Software Development's advantages. Simplify your workflow to spur quicker innovation. Jump right in! We have also discussed the advantages.
Most important New features of Oracle 23c for DBAs and Developers. You can get more idea from my youtube channel video from https://youtu.be/XvL5WtaC20A
Top Benefits of Using Salesforce Healthcare CRM for Patient Management.pdfVALiNTRY360
Salesforce Healthcare CRM, implemented by VALiNTRY360, revolutionizes patient management by enhancing patient engagement, streamlining administrative processes, and improving care coordination. Its advanced analytics, robust security, and seamless integration with telehealth services ensure that healthcare providers can deliver personalized, efficient, and secure patient care. By automating routine tasks and providing actionable insights, Salesforce Healthcare CRM enables healthcare providers to focus on delivering high-quality care, leading to better patient outcomes and higher satisfaction. VALiNTRY360's expertise ensures a tailored solution that meets the unique needs of any healthcare practice, from small clinics to large hospital systems.
For more info visit us https://valintry360.com/solutions/health-life-sciences
Consistent toolbox talks are critical for maintaining workplace safety, as they provide regular opportunities to address specific hazards and reinforce safe practices.
These brief, focused sessions ensure that safety is a continual conversation rather than a one-time event, which helps keep safety protocols fresh in employees' minds. Studies have shown that shorter, more frequent training sessions are more effective for retention and behavior change compared to longer, infrequent sessions.
Engaging workers regularly, toolbox talks promote a culture of safety, empower employees to voice concerns, and ultimately reduce the likelihood of accidents and injuries on site.
The traditional method of conducting safety talks with paper documents and lengthy meetings is not only time-consuming but also less effective. Manual tracking of attendance and compliance is prone to errors and inconsistencies, leading to gaps in safety communication and potential non-compliance with OSHA regulations. Switching to a digital solution like Safelyio offers significant advantages.
Safelyio automates the delivery and documentation of safety talks, ensuring consistency and accessibility. The microlearning approach breaks down complex safety protocols into manageable, bite-sized pieces, making it easier for employees to absorb and retain information.
This method minimizes disruptions to work schedules, eliminates the hassle of paperwork, and ensures that all safety communications are tracked and recorded accurately. Ultimately, using a digital platform like Safelyio enhances engagement, compliance, and overall safety performance on site. https://safelyio.com/
UI5con 2024 - Keynote: Latest News about UI5 and it’s EcosystemPeter Muessig
Learn about the latest innovations in and around OpenUI5/SAPUI5: UI5 Tooling, UI5 linter, UI5 Web Components, Web Components Integration, UI5 2.x, UI5 GenAI.
Recording:
https://www.youtube.com/live/MSdGLG2zLy8?si=INxBHTqkwHhxV5Ta&t=0
UI5con 2024 - Boost Your Development Experience with UI5 Tooling ExtensionsPeter Muessig
The UI5 tooling is the development and build tooling of UI5. It is built in a modular and extensible way so that it can be easily extended by your needs. This session will showcase various tooling extensions which can boost your development experience by far so that you can really work offline, transpile your code in your project to use even newer versions of EcmaScript (than 2022 which is supported right now by the UI5 tooling), consume any npm package of your choice in your project, using different kind of proxies, and even stitching UI5 projects during development together to mimic your target environment.
UI5con 2024 - Bring Your Own Design SystemPeter Muessig
How do you combine the OpenUI5/SAPUI5 programming model with a design system that makes its controls available as Web Components? Since OpenUI5/SAPUI5 1.120, the framework supports the integration of any Web Components. This makes it possible, for example, to natively embed own Web Components of your design system which are created with Stencil. The integration embeds the Web Components in a way that they can be used naturally in XMLViews, like with standard UI5 controls, and can be bound with data binding. Learn how you can also make use of the Web Components base class in OpenUI5/SAPUI5 to also integrate your Web Components and get inspired by the solution to generate a custom UI5 library providing the Web Components control wrappers for the native ones.
3. Introduction
» In the preceding chapters, you learned about such
methods as System.out.println,
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog,
JOptionPane.showInputDialog.
» A method is a collection of statements that are grouped
together to perform an operation.
» When you call the System.out.println method, for
example, the system actually executes several statements
in order to display a message.
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4. Creating a Method
» In general, a method has the following syntax:
modifier returnValueType methodName(list of parameters)
{
// Method body;
}
» Let's take a look at a method created to find which of two
integers is bigger.This method, named max, has two int
parameters, num1 and num2, the larger of which is
returned by the method.
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5. Creating & Calling Method
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Output will be: the result of max methd is 45
6. Creating a Method
» A method declaration consists of a method header and a
method body.
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Method Header
Method Body
Modifier return value type method name formal parameter
7. Creating a Method
» The method header specifies the modifiers, return value type,
method name, and parameters of the method.The modifier, which
is optional, tells the compiler how to call the method.The
static modifier is used for all the methods in this chapter.The
reason for using it will be discussed in "Objects and Classes.“.
» A method may return a value.The returnValueType is the data
type of the value the method returns. Some methods perform
the desired operations without returning a value. In this case,
the returnValueType is the keyword void. For example, the
returnValueType in the main method is void, as well as in
System.exit, System.out.println, and
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog.The method that returns a
value is called a nonvoid method, and the method that does
not return a value is called a void method.
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8. Creating a Method
» The variables defined in the method header are known as
formal parameters or simply parameters.
» When a method is invoked, you pass a value to the
parameter.This value is referred to as actual parameter or
argument.
» The parameter list refers to the type, order, and number
of the parameters of a method.The method name and the
parameter list together constitute the method signature.
Parameters are optional; that is, a method may contain no
parameters.
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9. Void Method
» The preceding section gives an example of a nonvoid
method.This section shows how to declare and invoke a
void method.
» gives a program that declares a method named grade and
invokes it to print the grade for a given score.
» The grade method is a void method. It does not return
any value.A call to a void method must be a statement.
So, it is invoked as a statement in the main method.This
statement is like any Java statement terminated with a
semicolon.
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11. Void Method
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» A return statement is not needed for a void method, but it
can be used for terminating the method and returning to
the method's caller.The syntax is simply:
return;
12. Passing Parameters by Values
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» The power of a method is its ability to work with
parameters.
» You can use println to print any string and max to find the
maximum between any two int values.
» When calling a method, you need to provide arguments,
which must be given in the same order as their respective
parameters in the method specification.This is known as
parameter order association.
» For example, the following method prints a message n
times:
13. Passing Parameters by Values
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» You can use nPrintln(“hello", 3) to print "Hello" three times.The
nPrintln(“hello", 3) statement passes the actual string parameter,
“hello", to the parameter, message; passes 3 to n; and prints “hello"
three times. However, the statement nPrintln(3,“hello") would be
wrong.The data type of 3 does not match the data type for the first
parameter, message, nor does the second parameter,“hello", match
the second parameter, n.
14. Passing Parameters by Values
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» The arguments must match the parameters in order,
number, and compatible type, as defined in the method
signature.
» Compatible type means that you can pass an argument to
a parameter without explicit casting, such as passing an int
value argument to a double value parameter.
» When you invoke a method with a parameter, the value of
the argument is passed to the parameter.This is referred
to as pass-by-value.
15. Passing Parameters by Values
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» Swap is a program that demonstrates the effect of passing
by value.
» The program creates a method for swapping two
variables.
» The swap method is invoked by passing two arguments.
Interestingly, the values of the arguments are not changed
after the method is invoked.
17. Passing Parameters by Values
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» Before the swap method is invoked, num1 is 1 and num2
is 2.
» After the swap method is invoked, num1 is still 1 and
num2 is still 2.Their values are not swapped after the
swap method is invoked.
» the values of the arguments num1 and num2 are passed to
n1 and n2, but n1 and n2 have their own memory
locations independent of num1 and num2.
» Therefore, changes in n1 and n2 do not affect the contents
of num1 and num2.
18. Overloading Method
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» The max method that was used earlier works only with
the int data type.
» But what if you need to find which of two floating-point
numbers has the maximum value?
» The solution is to create another method with the same
name but different parameters, as shown in the following
code:
public static double max(double num1, double num2) {
if (num1 > num2)
return num1;
else
return num2;
}
19. Overloading Method
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» If you call max with int parameters, the max method that
expects int parameters will be invoked;
» if you call max with double parameters, the max method
that expects double parameters will be invoked.
» This is referred to as method overloading; that is, two
methods have the same name but different parameter lists
within one class.
» Next page program that creates three methods.The first
finds the maximum integer, the second finds the
maximum double, and the third finds the maximum
among three double values.All three methods are named
max.
21. Overloading Method
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» When calling max(5, 6) , the max method for finding the
maximum of two integers is invoked.
» When calling max(5.5, 6.6), the max method for finding the
maximum of two doubles is invoked.
» When calling max(10, 11.2, 12.5) , the max method for
finding the maximum of three double values is invoked.
» Can you invoke the max method with an int value and a
double value, such as max(10, 11.2,12.5)? If so, which of the
max methods is invoked?The answer to the first question is
yes.The answer to the second is that the max method for
finding the maximum of two double values is invoked.The
argument value 10 is automatically converted into a double
value and passed to this method.
22. Overloading Method
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» Sometimes there are two
or more possible matches
for an invocation of a
method, but the compiler
cannot determine the most
specific match.This is
referred to as ambiguous
invocation.Ambiguous
invocation causes a
compilation error.
Consider the following
code:
» Both max(int, double) and max(double,
int) are possible candidates to match
max(1, 2). Since neither of them is
more specific than the other, the
invocation is ambiguous, resulting in a
compilation error.
23. The Scope and Variables
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» The scope of a variable is the part of the program where the
variable can be referenced.
» A variable defined inside a method is referred to as a local
variable.
» The scope of a local variable starts from its declaration and
continues to the end of the block that contains the variable.
» A local variable must be declared before it can be used.
» A parameter is actually a local variable.The scope of a method
parameter covers the entire method.
24. The Scope and Variables
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» A variable declared in the initial action part of a for loop header has
its scope in the entire loop.
» But a variable declared inside a for loop body has its scope limited in
the loop body from its declaration to the end of the block that
contains the variable.
25. The Scope and Variables
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» You can declare a local variable with the same name multiple times in
different non-nesting blocks in a method.
» but you cannot declare a local variable twice in nested blocks.
26. The Scope and Variables
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» Do not declare a variable inside a block and then attempt to use it
outside the block. Here is an example of a common mistake:
» The last statement would cause a syntax error because variable i is
not defined outside of the for loop.
27. The Math Class
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» The Math class contains the methods needed to perform basic
mathematical functions.
» Trigonometric Methods
public static double sin(double radians)
public static double cos(double radians)
public static double tan(double radians)
public static double asin(double radians)
public static double acos(double radians)
public static double atan(double radians)
public static double toRadians(double degree)
public static double toDegrees(double radians)
29. The Math Class
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Exponent Methods
» There are five methods related to exponents in the Math class:
/** Return e raised to the power of x (ex) */
public static double exp(double x)
/** Return the natural logarithm of x (ln(x) = loge(x)) */
static double log(double x)
/** Return the base 10 logarithm of x (log10(x)) */
public static double log10(double x)
/** Return a raised to the power of b (xb) */
public static double pow(double x, double b)
/** Return the square root of a () */
public static double sqrt(double x)
» Note that the parameter in the sqrt method must not be negative.
31. The Math Class
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The Rounding Methods
» The Math class contains five rounding methods:
/** x rounded up to its nearest integer. This integer is
* returned as a double value. */
public static double ceil(double x)
/** x is rounded down to its nearest integer. This integer is
* returned as a double value. */
public static double floor(double x)
/** x is rounded to its nearest integer. If x is equally close
* to two integers, the even one is returned as a double. */
public static double rint(double x)
/** Return (int)Math.floor(x + 0.5). */
public static int round(float x)
/** Return (long)Math.floor(x + 0.5). */
public static long round(double x)
33. The Math Class
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The min, max, and abs Methods
» The min and max methods are overloaded to return the minimum
and maximum numbers between two numbers (int, long, float, or
double). For example, max(3.4, 5.0) returns 5.0, and min(3, 2)
returns 2.
» The abs method is overloaded to return the absolute value of the
number (int, long, float, and double). For example,
Math.max(2, 3) returns 3
Math.max(2.5, 3) returns 3.0
Math.min(2.5, 3.6) returns 2.5
Math.abs(-2) returns 2
Math.abs(-2.1) returns 2.1
34. The Math Class
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The random Method
» The Math class also has a powerful method, random, which generates a
random double value greater than or equal to 0.0 and less than 1.0 (0.0 <=
Math.random() < 1.0).
» Not all classes need a main method.The Math class and JOptionPane class
do not have main methods.These classes contain methods for other classes
to use.
36. Method Abstraction
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» The key to developing software is to apply the concept of abstraction.
» Method abstraction is achieved by separating the use of a method from
its implementation.
» The client can use a method without knowing how it is implemented.
The details of the implementation are encapsulated in the method
and hidden from the client who invokes the method.This is known as
information hiding or encapsulation.
» If you decide to change the implementation, the client program will
not be affected, provided that you do not change the method
signature.The implementation of the method is hidden from the
client in a "black box,"
37. Method Abstraction
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» You have already used the System.out.print method to display a
string, the JOptionPane.showInputDialog method to read a
string from a dialog box, and the max method to find the
maximum number.You know how to write the code to invoke
these methods in your program, but as a user of these methods,
you are not required to know how they are implemented.