This document provides information on explicit and implicit waits in Selenium. It discusses the differences between explicit and implicit waits, provides code examples for each, and covers related topics like WebDriverWait and ExpectedConditions. Key points include:
- Explicit waits are code defined waits for a certain condition, like using Thread.sleep(). Implicit waits set a default wait time for finding elements.
- WebDriverWait can be used with ExpectedConditions to wait for elements to meet a certain condition like being clickable.
- Implicit waits set a default timeout for finding elements across all searches during the WebDriver session.
- There are convenience methods like elementToBeClickable to avoid writing custom ExpectedCondition classes.
- Screenshots can be
This document provides an introduction and overview of the Java 8 Stream API. It discusses key concepts like sources of streams, intermediate operations that process stream elements, and terminal operations that return results. Examples are provided to demonstrate filtering, sorting, mapping and collecting stream elements. The document emphasizes that streams are lazy, allow pipelining operations, and internally iterate over source elements.
This document provides an overview of developing a web application using Spring Boot that connects to a MySQL database. It discusses setting up the development environment, the benefits of Spring Boot, basic project structure, integrating Spring MVC and JPA/Hibernate for database access. Code examples and links are provided to help get started with a Spring Boot application that reads from a MySQL database and displays the employee data on a web page.
How To Write A Test Case In Software Testing | EdurekaEdureka!
YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/KxelISpFqOY
(** Test Automation Masters Program: https://www.edureka.co/masters-progra... **)
This Edureka PPT on "Test Case in Software Testing" will give you in-depth knowledge on how to write a Test Case in Software Testing. The following are the topics covered in the session:
Software Testing Documentation
Test Case in Software Testing
Test Case Format
Test Case Design Technique
Test Case Guidelines
Demo: How to write a test case?
Selenium playlist: https://goo.gl/NmuzXE
Selenium Blog playlist: http://bit.ly/2B7C3QR
Software Testing Blog playlist: http://bit.ly/2UXwdJm
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The document discusses JUnit 5, the next generation of the JUnit testing framework for Java. Key aspects include a new programming model using extensions, support for Java 8 features, and ways to migrate from earlier JUnit versions. The new framework consists of the JUnit Platform launcher, the JUnit Jupiter API for writing tests, and the JUnit Vintage engine for running JUnit 3 and 4 tests.
This talk introduces Spring's REST stack - Spring MVC, Spring HATEOAS, Spring Data REST, Spring Security OAuth and Spring Social - while refining an API to move higher up the Richardson maturity model
JUnit is a unit testing framework for Java programming language. It was originally written by Kent Beck and Erich Gamma. Some key points:
- JUnit was one of the first unit testing frameworks for Java and has become the de facto standard.
- It allows writing and running repeatable tests to help find and prevent bugs. Tests are written in plain Java classes and methods.
- JUnit provides annotations like @Test, @Before, @After to identify test methods and set up/tear down methods.
- It includes assertions for validations and will report failures immediately. Tests can be organized into test suites.
This document provides an introduction and overview of the Java 8 Stream API. It discusses key concepts like sources of streams, intermediate operations that process stream elements, and terminal operations that return results. Examples are provided to demonstrate filtering, sorting, mapping and collecting stream elements. The document emphasizes that streams are lazy, allow pipelining operations, and internally iterate over source elements.
This document provides an overview of developing a web application using Spring Boot that connects to a MySQL database. It discusses setting up the development environment, the benefits of Spring Boot, basic project structure, integrating Spring MVC and JPA/Hibernate for database access. Code examples and links are provided to help get started with a Spring Boot application that reads from a MySQL database and displays the employee data on a web page.
How To Write A Test Case In Software Testing | EdurekaEdureka!
YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/KxelISpFqOY
(** Test Automation Masters Program: https://www.edureka.co/masters-progra... **)
This Edureka PPT on "Test Case in Software Testing" will give you in-depth knowledge on how to write a Test Case in Software Testing. The following are the topics covered in the session:
Software Testing Documentation
Test Case in Software Testing
Test Case Format
Test Case Design Technique
Test Case Guidelines
Demo: How to write a test case?
Selenium playlist: https://goo.gl/NmuzXE
Selenium Blog playlist: http://bit.ly/2B7C3QR
Software Testing Blog playlist: http://bit.ly/2UXwdJm
Follow us to never miss an update in the future.
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The document discusses JUnit 5, the next generation of the JUnit testing framework for Java. Key aspects include a new programming model using extensions, support for Java 8 features, and ways to migrate from earlier JUnit versions. The new framework consists of the JUnit Platform launcher, the JUnit Jupiter API for writing tests, and the JUnit Vintage engine for running JUnit 3 and 4 tests.
This talk introduces Spring's REST stack - Spring MVC, Spring HATEOAS, Spring Data REST, Spring Security OAuth and Spring Social - while refining an API to move higher up the Richardson maturity model
JUnit is a unit testing framework for Java programming language. It was originally written by Kent Beck and Erich Gamma. Some key points:
- JUnit was one of the first unit testing frameworks for Java and has become the de facto standard.
- It allows writing and running repeatable tests to help find and prevent bugs. Tests are written in plain Java classes and methods.
- JUnit provides annotations like @Test, @Before, @After to identify test methods and set up/tear down methods.
- It includes assertions for validations and will report failures immediately. Tests can be organized into test suites.
This document discusses the proper use of implicit and explicit waits in Selenium. It notes that implicit waits should be used to wait for element presence, while explicit waits should not be used for this. Implicit wait timeouts should be set lower than explicit wait timeouts. Using implicit and explicit waits together requires care to avoid conflicts between the timeouts. The document provides examples of how to set up waits correctly and what exceptions may occur in different scenarios. It also briefly mentions alternatives to WebDriver waits like using Selenide.
This document provides an overview of Node.js and Express.js. It defines Node.js as a JavaScript runtime environment for building scalable server-side web applications, and Express.js as a web application framework built on Node.js. Some key points covered include Node.js' event-driven, non-blocking architecture that enables high concurrency; examples of using Node.js and Express.js for real-time applications and APIs; and the typical development process along with various use cases in industries.
This document provides an introduction to JUnit and Mockito for testing Java code. It discusses how to set up JUnit tests with annotations like @Before, @After, and @Test. It also covers using JUnit assertions and test suites. For Mockito, the document discusses how to create and use mock objects to stub behavior and verify interactions. It provides examples of argument matchers and consecutive stubbing in Mockito.
Java Training | Java Tutorial for Beginners | Java Programming | Java Certifi...Edureka!
This Edureka Java Training tutorial will help you in understanding the core fundamentals of Java. It helps you to learn following topics:
1) Introduction to Java
2) Java Timeline
3) Features of Java
4) How does Java work?
5) Data Types in Java
6) Operators in Java
7) Functions in Java
8) Object Oriented Concepts in Java
This document discusses Spring Boot, an open source framework for building microservices and web applications. It provides scaffolding to help build Spring-based services more quickly. The author chose Spring Boot for a project because it integrates well with other frameworks like Jersey and allows building services quickly. Key Spring Boot components discussed include REST frameworks, embedded servers, logging frameworks, security, and metrics. The author outlines their Spring Boot stack and package structure. They discuss using Spring Data for persistence, Swagger for API documentation, and helper libraries like Lombok. The document also covers testing approaches using REST Assured and Spring Integration.
Winning the Lottery with Spring: A Microservices Case Study for the Dutch Lot...VMware Tanzu
SpringOne 2021
Session Title: Winning the Lottery with Spring: A Microservices Case Study for the Dutch Lotteries
Speaker: Joris Kuipers, CTO at Trifork
Introducing Playwright's New Test RunnerApplitools
Playwright Test is a new test runner built from scratch by the Playwright team specifically to accommodate end-to-end testing needs. Join Principal Engineer, Andrey Lushinkov as he demonstrates how to use Playwright Test to author new tests, how to migrate existing tests, how to deploy them on CI, and debug them if something goes wrong.
JUnit: A unit testing framework that is extensively used to test the code written in Java.
Unit testing is a type of software testing.
Software testing: The process of examining whether the software and its components meet the specified requirements
Other types of software testing are as shown.
Spring boot is a great and relatively a new project from Spring.io. The presentation discusses about basics of spring boot to advance topics. Sample demo apps are available here : https://github.com/bhagwat/spring-boot-samples
Keyword-driven testing is a software testing methodology that uses predefined keywords to describe test cases instead of natural language. Keywords represent common testing actions and are associated with code that implements those actions. This allows testers to write automated test cases without extensive programming knowledge. The document discusses how to implement keyword-driven testing using the Maveryx test automation tool, including identifying keywords, writing test cases with keywords, implementing keyword code, and executing automated tests.
The document discusses using Postman to test REST APIs. Postman is an HTTP client that allows users to create and test HTTP requests. It provides a multi-window interface to work on APIs. Users can create requests, view responses, add variables, write test scripts, and view test results in Postman. The document also provides an example of testing the Newbook API, including GET, POST, PATCH, and other requests.
The Spring Framework has always embraced testing as a first class citizen. Spring-based components should be modular, easy to wire together via dependency injection, and therefore easy to test. In fact, when well designed following a POJO programming model, a component in a Spring application can be unit tested without using Spring at all. And when you take the step toward developing integration tests, Spring's testing support is there to make your job easy.
Join Spring Test component lead Sam Brannen in this talk to learn about the basics for Spring's unit and integration testing support. This talk will provide attendees an overview of the following topics: unit testing without Spring, integration testing with Spring, loading application contexts (with and without context hierarchies), injecting dependencies into tests, transaction management for tests, SQL script execution, testing Spring MVC and REST web applications, and more.
This document discusses validating user input in ASP.NET applications. It describes using validation controls on both the client-side using JavaScript and server-side using C# to check fields for errors like empty values, values outside a specified range, or values that do not match a regular expression. The key validation controls covered are RequiredFieldValidator, RangeValidator, RegularExpressionValidator, CompareValidator, and CustomValidator. It emphasizes best practices of using both client-side and server-side validation for security and usability.
The document discusses test automation process and framework. It provides details on what test automation means, benefits of automation, guidelines for identifying test cases to automate, challenges in automation, and components of an automation framework like data tables, libraries, object repositories, scripts, and results.
Manual testing is the process of manually testing software for defects. It requires a tester to play the role of an end user whereby they use most of the application's features to ensure correct behavior.
This document summarizes unit testing done for core methods using the NUnit testing framework integrated with Jenkins. It discusses the testing framework used, naming conventions for test cases, the Arrange Act Assert pattern for writing test cases, sample test cases, goals of unit testing, and concludes with a demonstration and Q&A. A total of 496 test cases were written to test 6 core methods.
Karate is a BDD testing framework that uses the popular Cucumber syntax. It allows for API testing automation with built-in assertions, HTML reports, and parallel test runs for speed. To set up Karate, a Maven project is created adding the Karate dependencies and feature files are used to define scenarios testing GET, POST, and validating responses against expected payloads. Tests are run using the Karate runner and reports are generated.
This document discusses unit testing in Python. It explains that unit tests should be written before code to automatically test inputs and outputs. The code is then written to pass the tests. Tests are implemented by creating test classes that inherit from unittest.TestCase and adding test methods with assert statements. The document provides an example test and steps for creating unit tests, including importing unittest and the code to test.
This document discusses test-driven development and unit testing with JUnit. It covers:
- Writing tests before code using stubs, so code is testable and requirements are clear.
- Key aspects of JUnit like test classes, fixtures, assertions and annotations like @Before, @Test.
- Best practices like testing individual methods, writing simple tests first, and repeating the test-code cycle until all tests pass.
- Features of JUnit in Eclipse like generating test stubs from code and viewing test results.
The overall message is that testing saves significant time versus debugging, helps write better code, and is an essential part of the development process. Tests should cover all requirements and edge cases to
This document provides an overview of Selenium WebDriver for test automation. It discusses what WebDriver is, its features for controlling browsers, and how it interacts with the Document Object Model (DOM). Locators for finding elements in the DOM are described. An example test task is presented for logging into a web application. The Page Object pattern is introduced as a best practice for organizing WebDriver tests. Code snippets demonstrate low-level WebDriver methods and handling pop-up windows.
The document provides an introduction to Selenium WebDriver. It discusses the architecture and components of Selenium 1.0 and 2.0. It describes the Selenium WebDriver API for finding elements, performing actions, and handling windows/frames. It also provides an example of creating a test in Java to validate search results on the Rambler website using Selenium WebDriver.
This document discusses the proper use of implicit and explicit waits in Selenium. It notes that implicit waits should be used to wait for element presence, while explicit waits should not be used for this. Implicit wait timeouts should be set lower than explicit wait timeouts. Using implicit and explicit waits together requires care to avoid conflicts between the timeouts. The document provides examples of how to set up waits correctly and what exceptions may occur in different scenarios. It also briefly mentions alternatives to WebDriver waits like using Selenide.
This document provides an overview of Node.js and Express.js. It defines Node.js as a JavaScript runtime environment for building scalable server-side web applications, and Express.js as a web application framework built on Node.js. Some key points covered include Node.js' event-driven, non-blocking architecture that enables high concurrency; examples of using Node.js and Express.js for real-time applications and APIs; and the typical development process along with various use cases in industries.
This document provides an introduction to JUnit and Mockito for testing Java code. It discusses how to set up JUnit tests with annotations like @Before, @After, and @Test. It also covers using JUnit assertions and test suites. For Mockito, the document discusses how to create and use mock objects to stub behavior and verify interactions. It provides examples of argument matchers and consecutive stubbing in Mockito.
Java Training | Java Tutorial for Beginners | Java Programming | Java Certifi...Edureka!
This Edureka Java Training tutorial will help you in understanding the core fundamentals of Java. It helps you to learn following topics:
1) Introduction to Java
2) Java Timeline
3) Features of Java
4) How does Java work?
5) Data Types in Java
6) Operators in Java
7) Functions in Java
8) Object Oriented Concepts in Java
This document discusses Spring Boot, an open source framework for building microservices and web applications. It provides scaffolding to help build Spring-based services more quickly. The author chose Spring Boot for a project because it integrates well with other frameworks like Jersey and allows building services quickly. Key Spring Boot components discussed include REST frameworks, embedded servers, logging frameworks, security, and metrics. The author outlines their Spring Boot stack and package structure. They discuss using Spring Data for persistence, Swagger for API documentation, and helper libraries like Lombok. The document also covers testing approaches using REST Assured and Spring Integration.
Winning the Lottery with Spring: A Microservices Case Study for the Dutch Lot...VMware Tanzu
SpringOne 2021
Session Title: Winning the Lottery with Spring: A Microservices Case Study for the Dutch Lotteries
Speaker: Joris Kuipers, CTO at Trifork
Introducing Playwright's New Test RunnerApplitools
Playwright Test is a new test runner built from scratch by the Playwright team specifically to accommodate end-to-end testing needs. Join Principal Engineer, Andrey Lushinkov as he demonstrates how to use Playwright Test to author new tests, how to migrate existing tests, how to deploy them on CI, and debug them if something goes wrong.
JUnit: A unit testing framework that is extensively used to test the code written in Java.
Unit testing is a type of software testing.
Software testing: The process of examining whether the software and its components meet the specified requirements
Other types of software testing are as shown.
Spring boot is a great and relatively a new project from Spring.io. The presentation discusses about basics of spring boot to advance topics. Sample demo apps are available here : https://github.com/bhagwat/spring-boot-samples
Keyword-driven testing is a software testing methodology that uses predefined keywords to describe test cases instead of natural language. Keywords represent common testing actions and are associated with code that implements those actions. This allows testers to write automated test cases without extensive programming knowledge. The document discusses how to implement keyword-driven testing using the Maveryx test automation tool, including identifying keywords, writing test cases with keywords, implementing keyword code, and executing automated tests.
The document discusses using Postman to test REST APIs. Postman is an HTTP client that allows users to create and test HTTP requests. It provides a multi-window interface to work on APIs. Users can create requests, view responses, add variables, write test scripts, and view test results in Postman. The document also provides an example of testing the Newbook API, including GET, POST, PATCH, and other requests.
The Spring Framework has always embraced testing as a first class citizen. Spring-based components should be modular, easy to wire together via dependency injection, and therefore easy to test. In fact, when well designed following a POJO programming model, a component in a Spring application can be unit tested without using Spring at all. And when you take the step toward developing integration tests, Spring's testing support is there to make your job easy.
Join Spring Test component lead Sam Brannen in this talk to learn about the basics for Spring's unit and integration testing support. This talk will provide attendees an overview of the following topics: unit testing without Spring, integration testing with Spring, loading application contexts (with and without context hierarchies), injecting dependencies into tests, transaction management for tests, SQL script execution, testing Spring MVC and REST web applications, and more.
This document discusses validating user input in ASP.NET applications. It describes using validation controls on both the client-side using JavaScript and server-side using C# to check fields for errors like empty values, values outside a specified range, or values that do not match a regular expression. The key validation controls covered are RequiredFieldValidator, RangeValidator, RegularExpressionValidator, CompareValidator, and CustomValidator. It emphasizes best practices of using both client-side and server-side validation for security and usability.
The document discusses test automation process and framework. It provides details on what test automation means, benefits of automation, guidelines for identifying test cases to automate, challenges in automation, and components of an automation framework like data tables, libraries, object repositories, scripts, and results.
Manual testing is the process of manually testing software for defects. It requires a tester to play the role of an end user whereby they use most of the application's features to ensure correct behavior.
This document summarizes unit testing done for core methods using the NUnit testing framework integrated with Jenkins. It discusses the testing framework used, naming conventions for test cases, the Arrange Act Assert pattern for writing test cases, sample test cases, goals of unit testing, and concludes with a demonstration and Q&A. A total of 496 test cases were written to test 6 core methods.
Karate is a BDD testing framework that uses the popular Cucumber syntax. It allows for API testing automation with built-in assertions, HTML reports, and parallel test runs for speed. To set up Karate, a Maven project is created adding the Karate dependencies and feature files are used to define scenarios testing GET, POST, and validating responses against expected payloads. Tests are run using the Karate runner and reports are generated.
This document discusses unit testing in Python. It explains that unit tests should be written before code to automatically test inputs and outputs. The code is then written to pass the tests. Tests are implemented by creating test classes that inherit from unittest.TestCase and adding test methods with assert statements. The document provides an example test and steps for creating unit tests, including importing unittest and the code to test.
This document discusses test-driven development and unit testing with JUnit. It covers:
- Writing tests before code using stubs, so code is testable and requirements are clear.
- Key aspects of JUnit like test classes, fixtures, assertions and annotations like @Before, @Test.
- Best practices like testing individual methods, writing simple tests first, and repeating the test-code cycle until all tests pass.
- Features of JUnit in Eclipse like generating test stubs from code and viewing test results.
The overall message is that testing saves significant time versus debugging, helps write better code, and is an essential part of the development process. Tests should cover all requirements and edge cases to
This document provides an overview of Selenium WebDriver for test automation. It discusses what WebDriver is, its features for controlling browsers, and how it interacts with the Document Object Model (DOM). Locators for finding elements in the DOM are described. An example test task is presented for logging into a web application. The Page Object pattern is introduced as a best practice for organizing WebDriver tests. Code snippets demonstrate low-level WebDriver methods and handling pop-up windows.
The document provides an introduction to Selenium WebDriver. It discusses the architecture and components of Selenium 1.0 and 2.0. It describes the Selenium WebDriver API for finding elements, performing actions, and handling windows/frames. It also provides an example of creating a test in Java to validate search results on the Rambler website using Selenium WebDriver.
Thatigatla Kusuma has over 5 years of experience in software testing using Selenium WebDriver, Java, and C#. They are seeking a challenging position where they can apply and expand their technical skills. Their experience includes automation testing, manual testing, test case development, defect tracking, and experience with tools like Selenium, ALM, JIRA, and SQL Server. They have strengths in functional testing, regression testing, test case preparation, and report generation.
This document provides instructions for creating a simple test in TestComplete. It describes adding the sample Orders application to the list of tested applications, planning a test to add a new order, recording user actions to perform that test, analyzing the recorded test, running the test, and analyzing the test results. The goal is to create an automated test that emulates user actions in the Orders application and verifies that a new order was added correctly.
This document discusses tips and tricks for Selenium WebDriver testing, including:
- Locating web elements in different ways
- Handling waits to avoid test failures from elements not being found
- Testing AJAX applications by waiting for calls to complete
- Using the Page Object pattern to enhance test maintenance and reduce duplication
- Writing generalized test cases that can be refactored for different sites with similar functionality
The document contains questions and answers related to Cucumber integration with Selenium. It discusses how to integrate Cucumber and Selenium by creating a Maven project and adding the Cucumber dependency. It also addresses the need for a feature file and step definition file to run Cucumber tests and the use of tags to filter scenarios. Finally, it compares Cucumber to other frameworks like JBehave and RSpec.
The document provides a historical overview of iterative and incremental software development practices. It describes how techniques like plan-do-check-act, iterative development, test-first development, and time-boxed iterations were used as early as the 1950s on projects like the X-15 program. It notes that many agile practices predate the naming of the agile methodology and have been used successfully for decades.
This document contains a summary profile for Basul Asahab seeking an assignment in software automation testing. He has over 10 years of experience in test automation using Selenium WebDriver, TestNG framework, and UFT. He is proficient in technologies like Java, C#, SQL Server, and has experience in Agile methodologies. His past experience includes automating tests for Tesco's e-commerce website and VAT refund applications.
The document discusses moving beyond traditional page object models for testing dynamic web applications. It proposes modeling the UI with smaller "page components" that use method chaining and return types to better reflect the user experience. It also suggests using a component factory and locators to simplify test code and address issues like synchronization. The goal is to make tests more readable, reusable and robust as applications become more interactive.
Improving Your Selenium WebDriver Tests - Belgium testing days_2016Roy de Kleijn
The document discusses improving Selenium WebDriver tests. It identifies common issues like synchronization problems and flaky tests. It recommends implementing the Page Object Model to organize test code and using data objects. It also suggests techniques like implicit waits and custom waits to handle synchronization, running tests in parallel using Docker Selenium, and using attribute selectors instead of fragile XPath locators. The document concludes with lessons on avoiding Thread.sleep(), mocking interfaces, and setting up clean test environments.
TestComplete is an automated testing tool for testing Windows, web, and mobile applications. It provides features like test management, test execution for manual and automated tests, reporting, web and load testing, and supports various programming languages. TestComplete compares favorably to HP/Mercury QuickTest Professional with a lower cost, more programming options, and support for additional browsers and platforms, though QTP may be easier for beginners. TestComplete also supports data-driven and keyword-driven testing to parameterize and maintain test cases.
Keyword Driven Testing using TestCompletesrivinayak
This document discusses how to create a keyword-driven testing script in TestComplete. It describes how to add a new keyword type, name the script, record keywords by selecting the tested application, and make a data loop to parameterize the script. The data loop involves selecting an Excel worksheet, specifying the Excel file, selecting the worksheet again, and specifying loop conditions. Finally, it shows how to parameterize the script by linking keywords to cells in the Excel file.
This presentation provides information about Exactpro Systems testing tools, including Sailfish, Load Injector, and Certification Testing tool. Sailfish allows simulation of multiple client connections with a specified load shape for each connection and supports FIX, Native, and MITCH protocols. It can process throughput of up to 80,000 messages per second. Load Injector is used to test systems by configuring connections, template messages, and load shapes. The Certification Testing tool analyzes client interactions with exchanges and generates performance reports.
The document describes automation testing of the PrcView application using TestComplete. It provides 6 steps:
1) Launch the PrcView application and show all processes in the process list.
2) Get the number of processes currently running and verify that PrcView is in the list.
3) Verify the description of a selected module by comparing its actual and expected descriptions.
4) Check that the number of opened applications increases by one after launching a new application.
5) Save the current process list as a file.
The document includes functions to make assertions and comments for exercises to expand the test steps.
Main instruments used for Web UI test automation.
Drivers: Selenium WebDriver, Sikuli X.
Frameworks: PageFactory, TestNG.
Other tools: Apache Ant, Jenkins CI.
TestComplete is an automated testing tool used to test CALPADS. It allows creation, management and execution of tests for CALPADS. Some key learnings from using TestComplete include issues with script and name mapping maintenance over time, ensuring reusability and reliability of scripts across environments, and handling dynamic objects and unpredictable page loads. Going forward, guidelines for standardized script naming, test development with automation in mind, and a "three steps" process for test creation could help address these challenges.
An automated testing tool by SmartBear – TestComplete is a comprehensive product with umpteen features and capabilities to make it one of the most liked testing tools encompassing a variety of applications like Desktop, Mobile Web and RIA with technologies like .NET, Java and more.
Visit: http://softwaretestingsolution.com/ to get a free POC of our services.
The document discusses technical testing of trading systems. It outlines the key approaches to performance, stability, and operability testing. The main tasks involved are using test tools to emulate real loads and conditions, preparing test environments and load shapes based on production data, executing automated tests, and thoroughly analyzing results to validate findings. Technical testing helps validate systems' non-functional requirements around performance, stability, and handling high volumes of data and users.
This document provides Selenium Webdriver interview questions and answers to help readers prepare for automation testing interviews. It covers topics like the history and components of Selenium, reasons to use Selenium, different testing types in Selenium Webdriver, limitations of Selenium WebDriver, exceptions encountered, driver implementations, locators, XPath axes, and more. Advanced questions address CSS selectors, navigating pages, interacting with elements, and the Selenium WebDriver architecture.
This document provides an overview of WebDriver and its APIs. WebDriver is a browser automation tool that directly controls the browser using native browser capabilities rather than relying on JavaScript. It has object-oriented APIs for Java, C#, Python, Ruby and supports mobile browsers. The document outlines WebDriver's history and architecture, describes common APIs for controlling the browser, finding elements, and interacting with elements. It also provides examples of implicit and explicit waits, handling popups/alerts, and backward compatibility with Selenium 1.
Testcontainers - Geekout EE 2017 presentationRichard North
Unit testing our code on the JVM is well catered for with a lot of great tools that are mature and reliable – things tend to just work. Integrated testing, however, is another matter. Any time we face a situation where we need to involve non-JVM elements in our tests, we’re faced with painful environment setup and repeatability issues. Testcontainers aims to make integrated tests a little less unpleasant, through the power of Docker. Databases, Web browsers – in fact anything available as a Docker image – can be made available as a component to use in our tests.
In this talk, we’ll go through the motivations for building Testcontainers, its features, as well as some examples of using it in practice for testing various types of components.
Node.js and Selenium Webdriver, a journey from the Java sideMek Srunyu Stittri
** Update **
There is now an updated version of this implementation with Javascript Async/Await
Recording - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BTpMB2-8qMM
Slides - https://www.slideshare.net/MekSrunyuStittri/endtoend-test-automation-with-nodejs-one-year-later
Abstract
With the growing popularity of NodeJS, many companies have embraced its adoption and gone full stack. The next logical move is to have the test framework be on the same stack. Unfortunately, proven ways of implementing a Selenium framework in JavaScript are very limited and very much fragmented.
Airware builds software and hardware for commercial drones; their cloud team ships code to production every week. In this talk, their cloud automation team will talk about: how they have built their Selenium framework with Node.js; the challenges of coming from a synchronous programming language like Java; lessons learned along this journey; and other technologies/tools used to complement testing their cloud and rolling out quality.
Recording by New Relic and SauceLabs - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CqeCUyoIEo8
The document contains answers to various questions about automated testing using Selenium WebDriver. It discusses topics like how to handle dynamic objects, the WebDriver interface, locating elements, performing keyboard and mouse actions, dropdown handling, getting text from the UI, dealing with dynamic dropdowns, verifying colors, checking which tab is enabled, clicking links, implicit vs explicit waits, checking if elements are enabled, handling windows and alerts, switching frames, using the Actions class for mouse and keyboard actions, autocomplete text boxes, proxy settings, file uploads, calendar popups, reading and writing to Excel, finding row counts in tables, TestNG annotations and advantages, and group execution in TestNG XML files.
Presented at Bucharest Java User Group, http://www.bjug.ro/editii/5.html . Project source code available at: https://github.com/bucharest-jug/dropwizard-todo
This document discusses different types of waits that can be used in Selenium tests: implicit waits, explicit waits, and timeouts. Implicit waits set a global wait time for all findElement calls, while explicit waits allow waiting for specific conditions. It is recommended to use explicit waits over implicit waits and to set implicit timeouts lower than explicit waits. Care must be taken when waiting for elements to not be present.
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4. Explicit/Implicit Waits
▪ Explicit and Implicit Waits
– Waiting is having the automated task execution elapse a
certain amount of time before continuing with the next
step.
▪ Explicit Waits
– An explicit waits is code you define to wait for a certain
condition to occur before proceeding further in the code.
– The worst case of this is Thread.sleep();
5. Explicit/Implicit Waits
@Test
public void testSearchTC() throws Exception {
driver.get("https://www.google.com.ua/");
driver.findElement(By.id("gbqfq")).clear();
driver.findElement(By.id("gbqfq")).sendKeys("selenium ide");
driver.findElement(By.id("gbqfb")).click();
Thread.sleep(1000);
driver.findElement(By
.xpath("//ol[@id='rso']/div/li[2]/div/h3/a/em")).click();
assertEquals("Selenium IDE is a Firefox plugin … for any
kind of resiliency.", driver.findElement(By
.xpath("//div[@id='mainContent']/p[2]")).getText());
} }
6. Explicit/Implicit Waits
▪ Implicit Waits
– An implicit wait is to tell WebDriver to poll the DOM for a
certain amount of time when trying to find an element or
elements if they are not immediately available.
– The default setting is 0.
– Once set, the implicit wait is set for the life of the
WebDriver object instance.
7. Explicit/Implicit Waits
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedCondition;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
public class Selenium2Example {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a new instance of the Firefox driver
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
// And now use this to visit Google
driver.get("http://www.google.com");
8. Explicit/Implicit Waits
// Alternatively the same thing can be done like this
// driver.navigate().to("http://www.google.com");
// Find the text input element by its name
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name("q"));
// Enter something to search for
element.sendKeys("Cheese!");
element.submit();
// Check the title of the page
System.out.println("Page title is: " + driver.getTitle());
9. Explicit/Implicit Waits
// Google's search is rendered dynamically with JavaScript.
// Wait for the page to load, timeout after 10 seconds
(new WebDriverWait(driver, 10)).until(new
ExpectedCondition<Boolean>() {
public Boolean apply(WebDriver d) {
return d.getTitle().toLowerCase().startsWith("cheese!");
} } );
// Should see: "cheese! - Google Search"
System.out.println("Page title is: " + driver.getTitle());
// Close the browser
driver.quit();
} }
10. WebDriverWait
▪ Anonymous classes enable you to make your code more
concise.
▪ They enable you to declare and instantiate a class at the same
time.
▪ They are like local classes except that they do not have a
name.
▪ Use them if you need to use a local class only once.
(new WebDriverWait(driver, 10)).until(new
ExpectedCondition<Boolean>() {
public Boolean apply(WebDriver d) {
return d.getTitle().toLowerCase().startsWith("cheese!");
} } );
11. WebDriverWait
▪ This is equivalent to:
class MyExpectedCondition
extends ExpectedCondition<Boolean> {
public Boolean apply(WebDriver d) {
return d.getTitle( ).toLowerCase( ).startsWith("cheese!");
}
}
MyExpectedCondition my = new MyExpectedCondition();
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
wait.until(my);
12. Explicit Waits
▪ There are some convenience methods provided that help you
write code that will wait only as long as required.
▪ WebDriverWait in combination with ExpectedCondition is
one way this can be accomplished.
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading");
WebElement myDynamicElement =
(new WebDriverWait(driver, 10))
.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(
By.id("myDynamicElement")));
13. Explicit Waits
WebElement myDynamicElement =
(new WebDriverWait(driver, 10))
.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(
By.id("myDynamicElement")));
▪ This waits up to 10 seconds before throwing a
TimeoutException or if it finds the element will return it in 0 –
10 seconds.
▪ WebDriverWait by default calls the ExpectedCondition every
500 milliseconds until it returns successfully.
▪ A successful return is for ExpectedCondition type is Boolean
return true or not null return value for all other
ExpectedCondition types.
14. Explicit Waits
▪ Java to have convienence methods so you don’t have to code
an ExpectedCondition class yourself or create your own
utility package for them.
▪ Element is Clickable – it is Displayed and Enabled
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
WebElement element =
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(
By.id("someid")));
15. Implicit Waits
▪ An implicit wait is to tell WebDriver to poll the DOM for a
certain amount of time when trying to find an element or
elements if they are not immediately available. The default
setting is 0.
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10,
TimeUnit.SECONDS);
driver.get("http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading");
WebElement myDynamicElement =
driver.findElement(By.id("myDynamicElement"));
16. WebDriver Wait Commands
▪ Listing out the different WebDriver Wait statements that can
be useful for an effective scripting and can avoid using the
Thread.sleep() comamnds.
18. WebDriver Wait
▪ implicitlyWait
▪ The ImplicitWait will tell the webDriver to poll the DOM for a
certain duration when trying to find the element, this will be
useful when certain elements on the webpage will not be
available immediately and needs some time to load.
▪ By default it ill take the value to 0, for the life of the WebDriver
object instance through out the test script.
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10,
TimeUnit.SECONDS);
driver.get("http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading");
WebElement myDynamicElement =
driver.findElement(By.id("myDynamicElement"));
19. WebDriver Wait. Timeout
▪ pageLoadTimeout
– Sets the amount of time to wait for a page load to
complete before throwing an error.
– If the timeout is negative, page loads can be indefinite.
driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(100, SECONDS);
▪ setScriptTimeout
– Sets the amount of time to wait for an asynchronous script
to finish execution before throwing an error.
– If the timeout is negative, then the script will be allowed to
run indefinitely.
driver.manage().timeouts().setScriptTimeout(100,SECONDS);
20. WebDriver Wait
▪ FluentWait
▪ Each FluentWait instance defines the maximum amount of
time to wait for a condition, as well as the frequency with
which to check the condition.
▪ Furthermore, the user may configure the wait to ignore
specific types of exceptions whilst waiting, such as
NoSuchElementExceptions when searching for an
element on the page.
21. WebDriver Wait
// Waiting 30 seconds for an element to be present on the
// page, checking for its presence once every 5 seconds.
Wait<WebDriver> wait = new FluentWait<WebDriver>(driver)
.withTimeout(30, SECONDS)
.pollingEvery(5, SECONDS)
.ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);
WebElement foo = wait.until(new Function<WebDriver,
WebElement>() {
public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {
return driver.findElement(By.id("foo"));
}
} );
22. WebDriver Wait Commands
▪ ExpectedConditions
▪ Would include determining if a web page has loaded or that
an element is visible.
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
WebElement element =
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(
By.id("someid")));
▪ WebDriverWait will be used as we used in the Expected
conditions code snippet as above.
▪ Sleeper is something same as the Thread.sleep() method.
23. Waits Solution
long implicitlyWaitTimeout = 10;
public long getImplicitlyWaitTimeout() {
return implicitlyWaitTimeout;
}
public WebDriver getWebDriver() {
driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.manage().timeouts()
.implicitlyWait(getImplicitlyWaitTimeout(),
TimeUnit.SECONDS);
driver.manage().window().maximize();
return driver;
}
24. Waits Solution
public WebElement getWebElement(String name) {
WebElement webElement = new WebDriverWait(
getWebDriver(),
getImplicitlyWaitTimeout())
.until(ExpectedConditions
.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.name(name));
if (webElement == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("My Error");
}
return webElement;
}
26. Taking a Screenshot
▪ Most of the time we think to Capture Screenshot in WebDriver
when some kind of error or exception surfaces while practicing
testing, to resolve the same WebDriver has provided us one
interface TakesScreenshot for capturing the screenshot of
web application and This interface provides one method
names as getScreenshotAs() to capture screenshot in
instance of driver.
▪ This getScreenshotAs() method takes argument of type
OutputType.File or OutputType.BASE64 or
Output.BYTES.
27. Taking a Screenshot
▪ We have taken the screenshot with the help of
getScreenshotsAs() method and and now its time to
copy this file somewhere in our file system.
▪ So for this purpose we further use copyFile() method of
the FileUtils class from the
org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils class.
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("http://www.google.com.ua/");
File scrFile =
((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
// For example copy somewhere
FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File("c:tmpscreenshot.png"));
28. Taking a Screenshot
▪ Take the screenshot in the @After test tear down method,
which is run after every test.
▪ This way you will always get a screenshot for both passed and
failed tests.
public class TestSample {
WebDriver driver;
@Before
public void setUp() {
// Start new webdriver session, for eg using firefox
driver = new FirefoxDriver();
}
29. Taking a Screenshot
@Test
public void aTest() {
driver.get("http://www.google.com.ua/");
// more test logic - test might pass or fail at this point }
@After
public void tearDown() {
// take the screenshot at the end of every test
File scrFile =
((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
// now save the screenshto to a file some place
FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File("c:tmpscreenshot.png"));
driver.quit(); } }
30. Taking a Screenshot
try {
File scrnsht =
((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
FileUtils.copyFile(scrnsht, new File("e:google_page.png"));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
32. Testing Ajax Applications
▪ Many web applications contain AJAX calls.
– AJAX calls don’t refresh the whole page, only a certain part
of a page is refreshed.
– When an AJAX call is made, while the page is waiting for a
response from the server, a waiting icon appears on the
page to inform the user, the page is waiting for
information, this could be either a rotating circle, or a
loading horizontal bar, etc.
▪ WebDriver is clever enough to wait for the whole page to load
before doing any action and without the user having to
specify a wait for page to load.
– However, in case of AJAX calls, because the whole page is
not refreshed, WebDriver has no way of knowing
something is happening.
35. Testing Ajax Applications
▪ In AJAX driven web applications, data is retrieved from server
without refreshing the page.
– Using and Wait commands will not work as the page is not
actually refreshed.
– Pausing the test execution for a certain period of time is
also not a good approach as web element might appear
later or earlier than the stipulated period depending on
the system’s responsiveness, load or other uncontrolled
factors of the moment, leading to test failures.
▪ The best approach would be to wait for the needed element in
a dynamic period and then continue the execution as soon as
the element is found.
36. Testing Ajax Applications
▪ This is done using waitFor commands, as
waitForElementPresent or waitForVisible, which wait
dynamically, checking for the desired condition every second
and continuing to the next command in the script as soon as
the condition is met.
▪ The best practice is to set implicitlyWait() at the
beginning of each test, and use WebDriverWait() for
waiting an element, or AJAX element to load.
37. Testing Ajax Applications
▪ However, implicitlyWait() and WebDriverWait() do
not work well together in the same test.
▪ You would have to nullify implicitlyWait() before calling
WebDriverWait because implicitlyWait() also sets the
"driver.findElement()" wait time.
▪ For Example, develop WaitTool. It solves the complexity of
ImplicitWait and WebDriverWait, and provides easy methods
to use.
38. Testing Ajax Applications
▪ WaitTool handles the following tasks at the behind scene.
– nullifying implicitlyWait();
– executing WebDriverWait(), and return element;
– reset implicitlyWait() again.
39. Testing Ajax Applications
public static void waitForElementPresent(WebDriver driver,
final By by, int timeOutInSecond) {
try {
// nullify implicitlyWait()
driver.manage().timeouts()
.implicitlyWait(0, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
// Create web element
WebElement webElement =
new WebDriverWait(driver, timeOutInSecond)