Presented at the 10th Healthcare CIO Certificate Program, School of Hospital Management, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand on September 17, 2020
6. 6
IT As A Strategic Advantage
Resources/
capabilities
Valuable ?
Non-Substitutable?
Rare ?
Inimitable ?
No
Competitive
Disadvantage
Yes
No
Competitive
necessity
No
Competitive
parity
Yes
Yes
No
Preemptive
advantage
Yes
Sustainable
competitive
advantage
From a teaching slide by Nelson F. Granados, 2006 at University of Minnesota Carlson School of Management
14. 14
Does service offer
competitive advantage?
Is external delivery
reliable and lower cost?
Keep Internal
Keep Internal
OUTSOURCE!
Yes
No
Yes
No
IT Outsourcing Decision Tree
15. 15
Does service offer
competitive advantage?
Is external delivery
reliable and lower cost?
Keep Internal
Keep Internal
OUTSOURCE!
Yes
No
Yes
No
Core HIS, CPOE
Strategic advantages
• Agility due to local workflow accommodations
• Secondary data utilization (research, QI)
• Roadmap to national leader in informatics
External delivery unreliable
• Non-Core HIS
External delivery higher cost
• ERP maintenance/ongoing
customization
ERP initial
implementation,
PACS, RIS,
Departmental
systems,
IT Training
IT Outsourcing: Ramathibodi’s Case
18. 18
IT Project Management
• A project: “a temporary endeavor undertaken to
accomplish a unique purpose”
• Project management: “the application of
knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to
project activities in order to meet or exceed
project requirements”
Marchewka (2006)
19. 19
The Project Management
Body of Knowledge (PMBOK®)
Marchewka (2006)
1. Project Integration Management
2. Project Scope Management
3. Project Time Management
4. Project Cost Management
5. Project Quality Management
6. Project Human Resources Management
7. Project Communications Management
8. Project Risk Management
9. Project Procurement Management
20. Class Exercise: Part 7
The Importance of Project Management
Group discussion: ถ้ำขำด Project Management
ที่เหมำะสม จะเกิดอะไรขึ้นได้บ้ำงกับ IT Projects?
(What can go wrong with the IT projects?)
23. 23
The CHAOS Report
The Standish Group (1995)
Among the IT projects studied:
• 31% were cancelled before completion
• 53% were completed but over budget, over schedule, and
did not meet original specifications.
25. 25
New Top Ten Factors for IT Project Success
Marchewka (2006)
Rank Success Factor
1 Executive Support
2 User Involvement
3 Experienced Project Manager
4 Clear Business Objectives
5 Minimized Scope
6 Standard Software Infrastructure
7 Firm Basic Requirements
8 Formal Methodology
9 Reliable Estimates
10 Other
Table 1.3 Source: Extreme Chaos. The Standish Group International, Inc. 2001.
http://www.standishgroup.com/sample_research/index.php
31. Class Exercise: Part 8
Change Management
Group discussion: เสนอวิธีบริหำรกำรเปลี่ยนแปลง
ใน user แต่ละกลุ่มใน Rogers’ Adoption Curve
32. 32
Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use
of Technology (UTAUT)
Venkatesh et al. (2003)
Performance
Expectancy
Effort
Expectancy
Use
Behavior
Social
Influence
Facilitating
Conditions
Behavioral
Intention
Gender Age Experience
Voluntariness
of Use
Usefulness
Ease of Use
Social Norm
& Opinions
IT Support
33. 33
Adoption Strategies:
“The Tipping Point” Version
The Three Rules of Epidemics
• The Law of the Few
– Connectors
– Mavens
– Salesmen
• The Stickiness Factor
• The Power of Context
Gladwell (2000)
Ease of Use
Social Norm
& Opinions
IT Support
Change Agents
Opinion Leaders
Super-Users
Champions