This document discusses and classifies various information systems used by Starbucks. It analyzes 14 applications and systems used by Starbucks and categorizes them as innovative, substitutive, or complementary based on their business influence. It then justifies the classification of each system. The systems are further categorized into key operational, support, high potential, and strategic based on their importance. The document concludes that classifying applications ensures they are managed successfully to deliver their expected contributions.
This document discusses warehouse management systems (WMS) and their importance in supply chain and logistics operations. It notes that WMS software is used to control daily warehouse operations like transportation, communication, and physical infrastructure. Popular WMS software includes Oracle, SAP, and Fishbowl Inventory. The document also discusses enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and their role in integrating business data across various functions. Key ERP providers mentioned are SAP and Oracle. Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and computer-assisted ordering (CAO) systems are also summarized as technologies that are improving supply chain operations and inventory management.
Information technology provides retailers with competitive advantages by improving store operations. Technologies like barcoding, point of sale systems, payment processing, enterprise resource planning, customer relationship management, WiFi, and RFID can optimize inventory management, enhance customer service, boost customer loyalty, and increase sales. However, managing the complex IT environment of a retail store presents challenges due to high costs, lack of standards, and difficulty integrating diverse systems. Adopting new technologies helps retailers adapt to market changes but also increases risks of systems becoming obsolete quickly.
This document discusses the differences between traditional ERP systems and ERP systems designed specifically for ecommerce. Traditional ERP systems were not built for the needs of online retailers and often lack ecommerce features. They can be difficult and expensive to customize for ecommerce use. In contrast, ecommerce ERP systems allow better integration between online storefronts and back-end systems, are more scalable and flexible, and help retailers improve processes like order management. The document recommends retailers evaluate their needs and consider an ecommerce ERP solution to more effectively run their online business.
This document discusses challenges faced by retailers and how a sample application demonstrates using a service-oriented architecture to address them. The application integrates disparate retail applications through loosely coupled web services. It transfers data from stores to enterprises in real-time using industry standards. The goals are to demonstrate integration of applications using web services, use of standards, ease of building services on Microsoft platforms, and composing dashboards for managers. Key benefits are using standards to create an extensible solution that is loosely coupled for agility and prepackaged technologies for incremental adoption.
The document discusses the role and importance of information technology in the retail sector. It notes that IT plays a key role in managing complex retail operations and provides competitive advantages through market knowledge and data control. Specifically, IT helps retailers respond quickly to markets, analyze customer data, work across stores/borders efficiently, and speed up processes to reduce costs. However, retailers face challenges in managing large amounts of customer data, ensuring transparency across systems, and synchronizing global data in real-time. The document also defines point-of-sale systems and describes their various hardware and software components that are used to automate retail transactions.
This document discusses and classifies various information systems used by Starbucks. It analyzes 14 applications and systems used by Starbucks and categorizes them as innovative, substitutive, or complementary based on their business influence. It then justifies the classification of each system. The systems are further categorized into key operational, support, high potential, and strategic based on their importance. The document concludes that classifying applications ensures they are managed successfully to deliver their expected contributions.
This document discusses warehouse management systems (WMS) and their importance in supply chain and logistics operations. It notes that WMS software is used to control daily warehouse operations like transportation, communication, and physical infrastructure. Popular WMS software includes Oracle, SAP, and Fishbowl Inventory. The document also discusses enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and their role in integrating business data across various functions. Key ERP providers mentioned are SAP and Oracle. Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and computer-assisted ordering (CAO) systems are also summarized as technologies that are improving supply chain operations and inventory management.
Information technology provides retailers with competitive advantages by improving store operations. Technologies like barcoding, point of sale systems, payment processing, enterprise resource planning, customer relationship management, WiFi, and RFID can optimize inventory management, enhance customer service, boost customer loyalty, and increase sales. However, managing the complex IT environment of a retail store presents challenges due to high costs, lack of standards, and difficulty integrating diverse systems. Adopting new technologies helps retailers adapt to market changes but also increases risks of systems becoming obsolete quickly.
This document discusses the differences between traditional ERP systems and ERP systems designed specifically for ecommerce. Traditional ERP systems were not built for the needs of online retailers and often lack ecommerce features. They can be difficult and expensive to customize for ecommerce use. In contrast, ecommerce ERP systems allow better integration between online storefronts and back-end systems, are more scalable and flexible, and help retailers improve processes like order management. The document recommends retailers evaluate their needs and consider an ecommerce ERP solution to more effectively run their online business.
This document discusses challenges faced by retailers and how a sample application demonstrates using a service-oriented architecture to address them. The application integrates disparate retail applications through loosely coupled web services. It transfers data from stores to enterprises in real-time using industry standards. The goals are to demonstrate integration of applications using web services, use of standards, ease of building services on Microsoft platforms, and composing dashboards for managers. Key benefits are using standards to create an extensible solution that is loosely coupled for agility and prepackaged technologies for incremental adoption.
The document discusses the role and importance of information technology in the retail sector. It notes that IT plays a key role in managing complex retail operations and provides competitive advantages through market knowledge and data control. Specifically, IT helps retailers respond quickly to markets, analyze customer data, work across stores/borders efficiently, and speed up processes to reduce costs. However, retailers face challenges in managing large amounts of customer data, ensuring transparency across systems, and synchronizing global data in real-time. The document also defines point-of-sale systems and describes their various hardware and software components that are used to automate retail transactions.
Role of computers in sales and marketing scm & crmShobitash Jamwal
Computers play an important role in business applications like marketing, sales, customer relationship management (CRM), and supply chain management (SCM). In marketing, computers allow for digital promotion, online surveys, e-commerce distribution and advertising. CRM systems help manage customer data to improve relationships. Computers also facilitate inventory management, financial management, and human resources. Emerging technologies like radio frequency identification (RFID) and voice systems further aid supply chain integration and web-based ordering. Overall, computerization improves business processes, cuts costs, and strengthens customer service.
The document discusses integrated enterprise systems and their evolution over time. It describes how functional information systems created data silos within organizations. Integrated systems address this by capturing data at the source and allowing sharing across departments. Key integrated systems discussed include ERP, SCM, and CRM. ERP provides an integrated solution that spans accounting, finance, supply chain and other functions. SCM manages the flow of materials and information throughout the supply chain. CRM allows identifying, acquiring and retaining customers through multiple channels. The benefits of integrated systems include reduced data duplication and improved information sharing, but implementation requires aligning the system with business processes.
Evergreen Investments has been using a legacy CRM system called Onyx since 1999, but wholesalers report issues with it like needing dial-up connections. In 2004, Wendy Irwin decided to address these problems by introducing a mobile CRM called Pyxis, but financial constraints delayed it. Irwin then proposed using PDAs, which addressed the core issues. With an increased IT budget, Pyxis was implemented after testing with consultants, engineers, and a wholesaler.
Guide: Omni-Channel Order Management by RaymarkRaymark
This document provides an overview of omni-channel order management. It discusses how consumers' shopping journeys have become dynamic across channels and how retailers must take an omni-channel approach to provide a seamless experience. It also outlines some of the main obstacles to omni-channel retailing like legacy systems and inaccurate customer data. Finally, it describes the key technology pillars needed for omni-channel strategies including e-commerce platforms, order management systems, and POS systems.
Four51 OrderCloud Case Studies for Manufacturers & DistributorsFour51, Inc.
Read Case Studies from Burroughs, Staples, and Bremer Bank that could be similar to solutions Manufacturers and Distributors may be looking for. Contact info@four51.com for inquiries.
This document describes a real-time location system (RTL) that tracks the location of retail employees and analyzes consumer behavior through sensors and mobile devices. The system provides analytics to optimize product placement, identify popular and empty areas, and monitor staff performance. It integrates with other systems like video surveillance. The RTL system has been successfully implemented in developing countries and is now being introduced in the US market to help retailers make their offline business as informative as online selling.
This document discusses KFC's implementation of an ERP system to address issues they were facing with multiple disconnected IT systems. KFC implemented JD Edwards EnterpriseOne 8.10 to standardize processes, integrate data across outlets, and provide management with insights and reporting. The ERP system helps KFC with efficiencies, tracking key data, planning, and having business applications for the future. MIS systems also help KFC management capture sales information for reporting.
Today business is made easy by the intergration of technology like use of computers and internet to quicken communication and reduce the risk of business. I had a chance of studying Enterprise business systems in the module of information technology and here I had an opportunity of going in depth what Oracle, SAP and other companies do, enjoy the slides!
Effiasoft's Just Billing Retail POS is a unique Windows Software and Mobile App specially designed for Retail Stores. Just Billing makes your business easy and quick, with this software you can manage your business with just one click.
Just billing provides services from point of sale billing to GST Return filing like GST invoice, inventory management, business accounting, expenses management, purchases recording, customer loyalty management, customer feedback etc.
visit: https://effiasoft.com/billing-erp-software/retail-software/
Healthlite yogurt improvement after system implementationslimjones
The document proposes a two-stage solution to implement an integrated IT system for order processing, sales, and marketing at Healthlite. Stage 1 involves implementing email, web access, and basic software for representatives and managers. Stage 2 integrates ordering, processing, and marketing functions through new databases, middleware, mobile software, and hardware including wireless networks. The solution aims to streamline processes, provide up-to-date information access for improved decision making, and reduce costs through staff reductions and eliminating discrepancies. Implementation would require initial investments in notebooks, software, training and support, but result in long-term benefits and cost savings for Healthlite.
This document discusses Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), and Supply Chain Management (SCM). ERP integrates internal business processes, CRM focuses on marketing, sales, and customer service, and SCM coordinates activities from initial raw materials to final delivery of products. The document outlines the business functions and benefits of each system, as well as causes for implementation failures such as underestimating complexity and overreliance on vendor claims. Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) software connects major e-business applications like CRM and ERP.
While a key and obvious advantage of a POS system is the gain in efficiency with respect to processing and recording a purchase transaction, there are numerous additional benefits that have ramifications across the enterprise. In this whitepaper, we break down the advanced features of a modern POS system and we'll walk you through the steps to choose the correct vendor.
YewPOS provides point-of-sale (POS) software and hardware solutions that allow businesses to manage sales, inventory, customers and accounting. The software can be used across various industries and provides features like inventory management, billing and invoices, payment processing and back-office reporting. YewPOS has offices in Singapore, Malaysia, India, Dubai and partners with banks and processors to offer integrated payment solutions.
Dalda Foods - Secondary Sales Management Software (eLink by EfroTech) Case StudyEfroTech
Dalda’s story begins in early 1930s when Hindustan Vanaspati Manufacturing Co (today’s Hindustan Unilever Limited) wanted to start manufacturing Vanaspati locally. At that time hydrogenated vegetable oil was imported in India by a memon family from Bantva, Dada & Co, under the leadership of Hussain Kassim Dada. Dada & Co, insisted that the branded product should reflect their name, hence in a bid to establish their ownership of the brand Hindustan UniLever introduced the letter ‘L’ for Lever into the name; and thus was born DALDA, one of the longest-living brands in India. Dalda came to be synonymous with the vanaspati (hydrogenated vegetable fat) genre.
In July 2004, Unilever Pakistan accepted the offer of Rs. 1.33 Billion for the sale of its "Dalda" brand to Westbury Group in collaboration with Unilever Employee Welfare Group, who formed a separate company under Dalda Foods (Private) Ltd.. Dalda Foods (pvt) ltd took Dalda’s over 60 years of heritage combined with continuous innovation and in depth consumer understanding and maintenance of high quality standards has made it the leading brand in the Cooking Oil and Fats industry. Within a short span of 6 years Dalda Foods expanded its Brand Portfolio through:
the launch of Manpasand; to meet the needs of the vast middle-income segment. Manpasand Banasapti and Cooking oil was launched at end-2005 and has grown to become one of the most formidable players in the industry.
to seize the opportunity arising from changing consumer lifestyles and increased health awareness; the company entered the pure-oil segment in early 2007.
In a bid to expand capacity and further strengthen position in the premium segment and enter the lower-income segment; Dalda Foods acquired the brand “Tullo” & “Pride” from Wazir Ali Industries in January 2007
Today Dalda Foods has become one of the largest foods FMCG organizations in Pakistan leading the local category of oil and fats. In Pakistan, Dalda has now diversified into Canola and Olive Oil product variants as well.
Hydrogenated oils are main source for Trans fats. Of all the fats, trans fatty acids are considered to have an adverse effect on blood lipids and immune system.[citation needed] Dalda is the only brand in Pakistan which produces a vanaspati (hydrogenated oils) which is the most popular brand in Pakistan, which happens to be VTF (virtually trans fats free). VTF means that content of Trans Fats in Dalda Vanaspati is less than 1% as against other ordinary vanaspati brands which contain around 20-25% trans fats.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalda
Management Information System: Case Study of Amazon.ComQUESTJOURNAL
1) The document discusses Amazon's use of management information systems (MIS) to gain a competitive advantage through efficient management and acquisition of customer information.
2) Amazon uses tools like customer relationship management, enterprise resource planning, cloud computing and data mining to integrate customer data and internal processes.
3) The case study analyzes Amazon's MIS practices across its value chain from browsing/searching to ordering, payment, delivery tracking and recommendations.
This document discusses enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and how they integrate transaction data across various business functions such as accounting, finance, human resources, production, logistics and customer relationship management. ERP systems allow a company to capture transaction data at the source, and share it across departments to facilitate reporting, analysis and improved decision making. The integration of data helps make businesses more efficient by combining operational information.
The document discusses technology trends shaping sales and distribution functions across enterprises. Three key trends are identified: growing use of mobile devices for transactions, emergence of advanced analytics using customer data, and adoption of cloud computing. Companies profiled have upgraded their IT infrastructure with private clouds, ERP systems, CRM tools and VPN networks. Challenges faced included centralizing systems while allowing remote access, and securing data during transition to cloud-based systems. Mobile apps and predictive analytics are seen as important emerging technologies.
This document discusses various aspects of enterprise business systems including e-business, e-commerce, enterprise application architecture, enterprise application integration, transaction processing systems, and enterprise collaboration systems. It provides examples of how companies like Hilton Hotel Corp use integrated systems to improve business processes across the enterprise. The enterprise application architecture framework illustrates the interrelationships between cross-functional applications related to supply chain management, ERP, CRM, and other areas.
This document is an examination paper for Semester 1 of the Human Resource Management course at IIBM Institute of Business Management. It contains two sections - Section A with objective type multiple choice and short answer questions, and Section B with two case studies related to HR strategies at telecom companies India Tele Linkages and Kusum Laboratories. The paper tests students' understanding of key HR concepts like performance appraisal, training, compensation and motivation strategies through real-world case examples.
This document compares and contrasts the leadership styles and careers of Bill Gates and Steve Jobs, the visionaries behind Microsoft and Apple, respectively. It describes how Gates started Microsoft in 1975 and focused on dominating operating systems and office software, while Jobs co-founded Apple in 1976 with a vision of personal computers being easy to use. While Gates recognized the need for professional management, Jobs was overconfident and neglected management. This led to Apple's decline in the 1990s until Jobs returned and revitalized the company, having matured as a leader. It outlines their trajectories through 2006, with Gates focusing on philanthropy through his foundation while preparing new Windows, and Jobs continuing Apple's success after being rehired.
Role of computers in sales and marketing scm & crmShobitash Jamwal
Computers play an important role in business applications like marketing, sales, customer relationship management (CRM), and supply chain management (SCM). In marketing, computers allow for digital promotion, online surveys, e-commerce distribution and advertising. CRM systems help manage customer data to improve relationships. Computers also facilitate inventory management, financial management, and human resources. Emerging technologies like radio frequency identification (RFID) and voice systems further aid supply chain integration and web-based ordering. Overall, computerization improves business processes, cuts costs, and strengthens customer service.
The document discusses integrated enterprise systems and their evolution over time. It describes how functional information systems created data silos within organizations. Integrated systems address this by capturing data at the source and allowing sharing across departments. Key integrated systems discussed include ERP, SCM, and CRM. ERP provides an integrated solution that spans accounting, finance, supply chain and other functions. SCM manages the flow of materials and information throughout the supply chain. CRM allows identifying, acquiring and retaining customers through multiple channels. The benefits of integrated systems include reduced data duplication and improved information sharing, but implementation requires aligning the system with business processes.
Evergreen Investments has been using a legacy CRM system called Onyx since 1999, but wholesalers report issues with it like needing dial-up connections. In 2004, Wendy Irwin decided to address these problems by introducing a mobile CRM called Pyxis, but financial constraints delayed it. Irwin then proposed using PDAs, which addressed the core issues. With an increased IT budget, Pyxis was implemented after testing with consultants, engineers, and a wholesaler.
Guide: Omni-Channel Order Management by RaymarkRaymark
This document provides an overview of omni-channel order management. It discusses how consumers' shopping journeys have become dynamic across channels and how retailers must take an omni-channel approach to provide a seamless experience. It also outlines some of the main obstacles to omni-channel retailing like legacy systems and inaccurate customer data. Finally, it describes the key technology pillars needed for omni-channel strategies including e-commerce platforms, order management systems, and POS systems.
Four51 OrderCloud Case Studies for Manufacturers & DistributorsFour51, Inc.
Read Case Studies from Burroughs, Staples, and Bremer Bank that could be similar to solutions Manufacturers and Distributors may be looking for. Contact info@four51.com for inquiries.
This document describes a real-time location system (RTL) that tracks the location of retail employees and analyzes consumer behavior through sensors and mobile devices. The system provides analytics to optimize product placement, identify popular and empty areas, and monitor staff performance. It integrates with other systems like video surveillance. The RTL system has been successfully implemented in developing countries and is now being introduced in the US market to help retailers make their offline business as informative as online selling.
This document discusses KFC's implementation of an ERP system to address issues they were facing with multiple disconnected IT systems. KFC implemented JD Edwards EnterpriseOne 8.10 to standardize processes, integrate data across outlets, and provide management with insights and reporting. The ERP system helps KFC with efficiencies, tracking key data, planning, and having business applications for the future. MIS systems also help KFC management capture sales information for reporting.
Today business is made easy by the intergration of technology like use of computers and internet to quicken communication and reduce the risk of business. I had a chance of studying Enterprise business systems in the module of information technology and here I had an opportunity of going in depth what Oracle, SAP and other companies do, enjoy the slides!
Effiasoft's Just Billing Retail POS is a unique Windows Software and Mobile App specially designed for Retail Stores. Just Billing makes your business easy and quick, with this software you can manage your business with just one click.
Just billing provides services from point of sale billing to GST Return filing like GST invoice, inventory management, business accounting, expenses management, purchases recording, customer loyalty management, customer feedback etc.
visit: https://effiasoft.com/billing-erp-software/retail-software/
Healthlite yogurt improvement after system implementationslimjones
The document proposes a two-stage solution to implement an integrated IT system for order processing, sales, and marketing at Healthlite. Stage 1 involves implementing email, web access, and basic software for representatives and managers. Stage 2 integrates ordering, processing, and marketing functions through new databases, middleware, mobile software, and hardware including wireless networks. The solution aims to streamline processes, provide up-to-date information access for improved decision making, and reduce costs through staff reductions and eliminating discrepancies. Implementation would require initial investments in notebooks, software, training and support, but result in long-term benefits and cost savings for Healthlite.
This document discusses Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), and Supply Chain Management (SCM). ERP integrates internal business processes, CRM focuses on marketing, sales, and customer service, and SCM coordinates activities from initial raw materials to final delivery of products. The document outlines the business functions and benefits of each system, as well as causes for implementation failures such as underestimating complexity and overreliance on vendor claims. Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) software connects major e-business applications like CRM and ERP.
While a key and obvious advantage of a POS system is the gain in efficiency with respect to processing and recording a purchase transaction, there are numerous additional benefits that have ramifications across the enterprise. In this whitepaper, we break down the advanced features of a modern POS system and we'll walk you through the steps to choose the correct vendor.
YewPOS provides point-of-sale (POS) software and hardware solutions that allow businesses to manage sales, inventory, customers and accounting. The software can be used across various industries and provides features like inventory management, billing and invoices, payment processing and back-office reporting. YewPOS has offices in Singapore, Malaysia, India, Dubai and partners with banks and processors to offer integrated payment solutions.
Dalda Foods - Secondary Sales Management Software (eLink by EfroTech) Case StudyEfroTech
Dalda’s story begins in early 1930s when Hindustan Vanaspati Manufacturing Co (today’s Hindustan Unilever Limited) wanted to start manufacturing Vanaspati locally. At that time hydrogenated vegetable oil was imported in India by a memon family from Bantva, Dada & Co, under the leadership of Hussain Kassim Dada. Dada & Co, insisted that the branded product should reflect their name, hence in a bid to establish their ownership of the brand Hindustan UniLever introduced the letter ‘L’ for Lever into the name; and thus was born DALDA, one of the longest-living brands in India. Dalda came to be synonymous with the vanaspati (hydrogenated vegetable fat) genre.
In July 2004, Unilever Pakistan accepted the offer of Rs. 1.33 Billion for the sale of its "Dalda" brand to Westbury Group in collaboration with Unilever Employee Welfare Group, who formed a separate company under Dalda Foods (Private) Ltd.. Dalda Foods (pvt) ltd took Dalda’s over 60 years of heritage combined with continuous innovation and in depth consumer understanding and maintenance of high quality standards has made it the leading brand in the Cooking Oil and Fats industry. Within a short span of 6 years Dalda Foods expanded its Brand Portfolio through:
the launch of Manpasand; to meet the needs of the vast middle-income segment. Manpasand Banasapti and Cooking oil was launched at end-2005 and has grown to become one of the most formidable players in the industry.
to seize the opportunity arising from changing consumer lifestyles and increased health awareness; the company entered the pure-oil segment in early 2007.
In a bid to expand capacity and further strengthen position in the premium segment and enter the lower-income segment; Dalda Foods acquired the brand “Tullo” & “Pride” from Wazir Ali Industries in January 2007
Today Dalda Foods has become one of the largest foods FMCG organizations in Pakistan leading the local category of oil and fats. In Pakistan, Dalda has now diversified into Canola and Olive Oil product variants as well.
Hydrogenated oils are main source for Trans fats. Of all the fats, trans fatty acids are considered to have an adverse effect on blood lipids and immune system.[citation needed] Dalda is the only brand in Pakistan which produces a vanaspati (hydrogenated oils) which is the most popular brand in Pakistan, which happens to be VTF (virtually trans fats free). VTF means that content of Trans Fats in Dalda Vanaspati is less than 1% as against other ordinary vanaspati brands which contain around 20-25% trans fats.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalda
Management Information System: Case Study of Amazon.ComQUESTJOURNAL
1) The document discusses Amazon's use of management information systems (MIS) to gain a competitive advantage through efficient management and acquisition of customer information.
2) Amazon uses tools like customer relationship management, enterprise resource planning, cloud computing and data mining to integrate customer data and internal processes.
3) The case study analyzes Amazon's MIS practices across its value chain from browsing/searching to ordering, payment, delivery tracking and recommendations.
This document discusses enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and how they integrate transaction data across various business functions such as accounting, finance, human resources, production, logistics and customer relationship management. ERP systems allow a company to capture transaction data at the source, and share it across departments to facilitate reporting, analysis and improved decision making. The integration of data helps make businesses more efficient by combining operational information.
The document discusses technology trends shaping sales and distribution functions across enterprises. Three key trends are identified: growing use of mobile devices for transactions, emergence of advanced analytics using customer data, and adoption of cloud computing. Companies profiled have upgraded their IT infrastructure with private clouds, ERP systems, CRM tools and VPN networks. Challenges faced included centralizing systems while allowing remote access, and securing data during transition to cloud-based systems. Mobile apps and predictive analytics are seen as important emerging technologies.
This document discusses various aspects of enterprise business systems including e-business, e-commerce, enterprise application architecture, enterprise application integration, transaction processing systems, and enterprise collaboration systems. It provides examples of how companies like Hilton Hotel Corp use integrated systems to improve business processes across the enterprise. The enterprise application architecture framework illustrates the interrelationships between cross-functional applications related to supply chain management, ERP, CRM, and other areas.
This document is an examination paper for Semester 1 of the Human Resource Management course at IIBM Institute of Business Management. It contains two sections - Section A with objective type multiple choice and short answer questions, and Section B with two case studies related to HR strategies at telecom companies India Tele Linkages and Kusum Laboratories. The paper tests students' understanding of key HR concepts like performance appraisal, training, compensation and motivation strategies through real-world case examples.
This document compares and contrasts the leadership styles and careers of Bill Gates and Steve Jobs, the visionaries behind Microsoft and Apple, respectively. It describes how Gates started Microsoft in 1975 and focused on dominating operating systems and office software, while Jobs co-founded Apple in 1976 with a vision of personal computers being easy to use. While Gates recognized the need for professional management, Jobs was overconfident and neglected management. This led to Apple's decline in the 1990s until Jobs returned and revitalized the company, having matured as a leader. It outlines their trajectories through 2006, with Gates focusing on philanthropy through his foundation while preparing new Windows, and Jobs continuing Apple's success after being rehired.
This document contains 10 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of skeletal muscle structure and function. The questions cover topics like proprioceptors, terminal cisternae, myasthenia gravis, muscle fiber components, skeletal muscle innervation, conditions affecting the neuromuscular junction, and the T-system. An answer key is provided with the correct response for each question.
This document contains an examination paper for Managerial Economics. It is divided into three sections: Section A contains 30 multiple choice and short answer questions; Section B contains two case studies with multiple questions each worth 20 marks; Section C contains two long answer theory questions worth 15 marks each. The paper tests concepts related to microeconomics, demand and costs, market structures, national income, and business decision making tools like decision trees.
This document contains an examination paper for Human Resource Management. It is divided into three sections - Section A contains objective and short answer questions, Section B contains two case studies for analysis, and Section C contains two long form questions requiring explanations of interview types and organizational change and development. The paper tests knowledge across key HR topics like recruitment and selection, performance management, training and development, and managing organizational change. It requires students to apply their understanding of HR concepts to analyze workplace scenarios and explain theoretical HR frameworks.
This document contains an exam paper on international business management. It has 3 sections - Section A contains objective type questions, Section B contains case studies, and Section C contains applied theory questions. Section A has 2 parts - multiple choice questions and short answer questions. Section B contains 2 case studies on the EU's competitiveness and the country of Peru. Section C asks students to imagine they are the director of an international lending institution and analyze different export financing instruments. The exam tests students' knowledge of key concepts in international business and their ability to apply theories to real world case studies and scenarios.
This document is an examination paper for a Management Information Systems course. It consists of 3 sections - Section A with multiple choice and short answer objective questions, Section B with two case studies requiring analysis and recommendations, and Section C with two essay questions requiring explanation of e-commerce and database models. The paper tests students' knowledge of key MIS concepts like data warehousing, e-commerce, databases, and how information systems can help analyze business problems and improve decision making.
Enterprise systems help businesses achieve operational excellence by standardizing key business processes, integrating data across the organization, and providing valuable information for improved decision making. Supply chain management systems coordinate planning, production, and logistics with suppliers by sharing accurate and up-to-date information to reduce uncertainties. Customer relationship management systems help firms achieve customer intimacy through tools that enhance customer service, support marketing campaigns, and provide sales automation. Summit Electric implemented a new ERP system to address problems with its outdated system and improve operational efficiency, such as faster order processing and inventory management.
Revolutionize retail operations with Dynamics 365, the ultimate solution designed to elevate the business to new heights. Seamlessly integrate sales, customer data, and inventory management for unparalleled efficiency and customer satisfaction. Embrace innovation and stay ahead of the competition with Dynamics 365 for Retail.
Case 4. 2 Summit electric lights up with a new erp systemniz73
- Summit Electric Supply Co. is a wholesale distributor of electrical equipment and supplies. It obtains goods from manufacturers and sells to contractors. As the middleman, it must handle high transaction volumes and swift inventory turnover.
- Summit's old information systems from the 1980s could no longer keep up with its growth. The systems had limited capabilities and caused delays.
- Summit implemented a new ERP system using SAP to improve operational efficiency. The system allowed for more frequent inventory updates and better inventory management at job sites. It also enhanced business intelligence and chargeback processing.
Information systems are combinations of hardware, software, and networks that organizations use to collect, create, and distribute useful data. They help process and manage data, monitor performance, and support decision making. Information systems are central to virtually every organization and provide users with resources like Wi-Fi networks, database search services, and printers. They consist of hardware, software, data, knowledge, and telecommunications components. Data analytics uses specialized software to explore large volumes of data and provide insights to help organizations grow customer bases, improve efficiency, and detect fraud. Common types of information systems include transaction processing, office automation, decision support, and executive information systems.
SODTECH Retail ERP Solution using iDempiere - Case StudySodtech
FINEST Supermarket, a retail company in Kabul with 5 stores, faced challenges with its legacy system that couldn't integrate procurement, sales, inventory management, and financials. It implemented iDempiere ERP from SOD Technologies to address this. The new system standardized processes, provided real-time data integration across stores and warehouses, and improved customer service, sales tracking, and financial reporting. As a result, FINEST gained improved operational efficiency, reduced costs, and prepared the company for future growth.
19
Database Systems
October 17, 2016
Contents
I. Database System Overview 3
1. Context 3
2. Database System Goals and Objectives Statement 4
3. How the proposed Database System addresses the Business Problems? 4
4. How the Proposed Systems aligns to the Mission Statement and Strategic Goals of the Organization? 5
5. Mission and Goals of the Retail Store 6
6. Conclusion 7
II. Entity Relationship Model 8
1. Relational Database Proposal for online Retail Shop 8
2. ER Model and Relational Model 9
3. Converting ER Diagram to Relational Model 14
4. ER Tables Normalization 17
III. Structured Query Language (SQL) Scripts 18
IV. Database Administration Plan 19
V. Future Database System Implementation Plan 20
VI. References 21
Database System Overview
Database management systems or DBMS is a technology of retrieving and storing users’ data with utmost efficiency and appropriate security measures. The retail store Company is experiencing increased growth in the recent weeks. The customers expressed their interest in purchasing their products electronically. The Company’s website is simple, but it is not clear, if the Company,is in a position, of receiving online purchases. The Company aims at eventually integrating to online purchasingusing the current order entry system. This research project gives a description of the general business environment of the retail store Company. Referencing database objectives, statements, and system goals. Included is a narrative discussing how the proposed DBS addresses the current organization problem.
Context
Development of the retail store online could provide a lucrative alternative increase in sales by attracting customers, meeting the needs of the organization, and market expansion. However, conducting an online retail store creates some environmental considerations. The general business environment defines the external and internal factors that influence the Company’s operating situation. The business environment includes suppliers, clients, competitors, technology, government activities, and laws.(Elmasri & Navathe, Fundamentals of Fourth Edition Database Systems, 2005)
Database System Goals and Objectives Statement
Objectives and goals define what the database project will accomplish or the value of the database project to the business. Database designers should keep in mind six aims during the design of any database system. First, provide a mass storage of the relevant data. Second, protect data from unauthorized access. Such as, in the current database system of the retail store, allows promotional, and discountsof products, when not authorized. Third, the database system must aim at allowing growth. Some of the orders in the retail store, is not available, when required. Fourth, data systems should aim at making access of the order, easy access to the users of the system. Fifth, a database system should eliminate redundant data and allow many users to access to the database simultaneously. ...
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1. SUBJECT: IT ForManagement Marks:100
CASE – 1 E-Commerce Supports Field Employees at
Maybelline.
The Business Problem
Maybelline is a leader in color cosmetics products (eye shadow, mascara,
etc.), selling them in more than 70 countries worldwide (maybelline.com).
The company uses hundreds of salespeople (field merchandising
representatives, or “reps”), who visit drugstores, discount stores,
supermarkets, and cosmetics specialty stores, in an attempt to close deals.
This method of selling has proved to be fairly effective, and it is used by
hundreds of other manufacturers such as Kodak, Nabisco, and Procter &
Gamble. Sales managers from any company need to know, as quickly as
possible, when a deal is closed or if there is any problem with the customer.
Information technology has been used extensively to supportsales reps
and their managers. Until 2000, Maybelline, as well as many other large
consumer productmanufacturers, equipped reps with an interactive voice
response(VR) system, by means of which they were to enter, every evening,
information about their daily activities. This solution required that the reps
collect data with paper-based surveys completed for every store they visited
each day. For example, the reps noted how each productwas displayed, how
much stockwas available, how items were promoted, etc. In addition to the
company’s products the reps surveyed the competitors’ products as well. In
the evening, the reps translated the data collected into answers to the voice
responsesystem which asked them routine questions. The reps answered by
pressing the appropriate telephone keys.
The IVR system was not the perfect way to transmit sales data. Forone
thing, the IVR system consolidated information, delivering it to top
management as a hard copy. However, unfortunately, these reports
sometimes reached top management days or weeks too late, missing
important changes in trends and the opportunities to act on them in time.
Frequently, the reps themselves were late in reporting, thus further delaying
the needed information.
Even if the reps did report on time, information was inflexible, since all
reports were menu-driven. With the voice system the reps answered only the
specific questions that applied to a situation. To do so, they had to wade
through over 50 questions, skipping the irrelevant ones. This was a waste of
2. SUBJECT: IT ForManagement Marks:100
time. In addition, some of the material that needed to be reported had no
matching menu questions. Considering a success in the 1990s, the system
was unable to meet the needs of the twenty-first century. It was cumbersome
to set up and operate and was also prone to input errors.
The Mobile Solution
Maybelline replaced the IVR by equipping its reps with a mobile system,
called Merchandising Sales Portfolio (MSP), from Thinque Corp.
(thinque.com, now part of meicpg.com). It runs on handheld, pen-based
PDAs, which have hand-writing recognition capability (from NEC),
powered by Microsoft’s CE operating system. The system enables reps to
enter their information by hand-writing their reports directly at the clients’
sites. From the handheld device, data can be uploaded to a Microsoft SQL
Server database at headquarters every evening. A secured Internet
connection links to the corporateintranet (a synchronization process). The
new system also enables district managers to electronically send daily
schedules and other important information to each rep.
The system also replaced some of the functions of the EDI (electronic
data interchange) system, the pride of the 1990s. For example, the reps’
report include inventory-scanned data from retail stores. These are processed
quickly by an order management system, and passed whenever needed to the
shipping department for inventory replenishment.
In addition to routine information, the new system is used for decision
support. It is not enough to speed information along the supply chain;
managers need to know the reasons why certain products are selling well, or
not so well, in every location. They need to know what the conditions are at
retail stores affecting the sales of each product, and they need to know it in a
timely manner. The new system offers those capabilities.
The Results
The system provided managers at Maybelline headquarters with an
interactive link with the mobile field force. Corporateplanners and decision
makers can now respond much more quickly to situations that need
attention. The solution is helping the company forge stronger ties with its
retailers, and it considerably reduces the amount of after-hours time that the
reps spend on data transfer to headquarters (from 30-50 minutes per day to
seconds).
3. SUBJECT: IT ForManagement Marks:100
The new system also performs market analysis that enables managers to
optimize merchandising and customer service efforts. It also enables
Maybelline to use a more sophisticated interactive voice responseunit—to
capture data for special situations. Moreover, it provides browser-based
reporting tools that enable managers, regardless of where they are, to view
retail information within hours of its capture. Using the error-checking and
validation feature in the MSP system, reps make significantly fewer data
entry errors.
Finally, the quality of life of Maybelline reps has been greatly
improved. Not only do they save 30 to 40 minutes per day, buy also their
stress level has been significantly reduced. As a result, employee turnover
has declined appreciably, saving money for the company.
Questions
1. IVR systems are still popular. What advantages do they have over
even older systems in which the reps mailed or faxed reports?
2. Summarize the advantages of the new system over the IVR one.
3. Draw the flow of information in the system.
4. The existing technology enables transmission of data any time an
employee can access the Internet with a wireline. Technically, the
system can be enhanced so that the data can be sent wirelessly from
any location as soonas they are entered. Would you recommend a
wireless system to Maybelline? Why or why not?
4. SUBJECT: IT ForManagement Marks:100
CASE – 2 Precision Buying, Merchandising, and Marketing
At Sears
The Problem
Sears, Roebuckand Company, the largest department store chain and the
third-largest retailer in the United States, was caught by surprise in the 1980s
as shoppers defected to specialty stores and discount mass merchandisers,
causing the firm to lose market share rapidly. In an attempt to change the
situation, Sears used several responsestrategies, ranging from introducing its
own specialty stores (such as Sears Hardware) to restructuring its mall-based
stores. Recently, Sears has moved to selling on the Web. It discontinued its
over 100-year old paper catalog. Accomplishing the transformation and
restructuring required the retooling of its information systems.
Sears had 18 data centers, one in each of 10 geographical regions as
well as one each for marketing, finance, and other departments. The first
problem was created when the reorganization effort produced only seven
geographical regions. Frequent mismatches between accounting and sales
figures and information scattered among numerous databases users to query
multiple systems, even when they needed an answer to a simple query.
Furthermore, users found that data that were already summarized made it
difficult to conductanalysis at the desired level of detail. Finally, errors were
virtually inevitable when calculations were based on data from several
sources.
The Solution
To solve these problems, Sears constructed a single sales information data
warehouse. The replaced the 18 old databases which were packed with
redundant, conflicting, and sometimes obsolete data. The new data
warehouse is a simple repository of relevant decision-making data such as
authoritative data for key performance indicators, sales inventories, and
profit margins. Sears, known for embracing IT on a dramatic scale,
completed the data warehouse and its IT reengineering efforts in under one
year—a perfect IT turnaround story.
5. SUBJECT: IT ForManagement Marks:100
Using an NCR enterprise server, the initial 1.7 terabyte (1.7 trillion
bytes) data warehouse is part of a project dubbed the Strategic Performance
Reporting System (SPRS). By 2003, the data warehouse had grown to over
70 terabytes. SPRS includes comprehensive sales data; information on
inventory in stores, in transit, and at distribution centers; and costper item.
This has enabled Sears to track sales by individual items (skus) in each of its
1,950 stores (including 810 mall-based stores)in the United States and 1,600
international stores and catalog outlets. Thus, daily margin by item per store
can be easily computed, for example. Furthermore, Sears now fine-tunes its
buying, merchandising, and marketing strategies with previously
unattainable precision.
SPRS is open to all authorized employees, who now can view each
day’s sales from a multidimensional perspective (by region, district, store,
productline, and individual item). Users can specify any starting and ending
dates for special sales reports, and all data can be accessed via a highly user-
friendly graphical interface. Sears managers can now monitor the precise
impact of advertising, weather, and other factors on sales of specific items.
This means that Sears merchandise buyers and other specialists can examine
and adjust, if needed inventory quantities, merchandising, and order
placement, along with myriad other variables, almost immediately, so they
can respond quickly to environmental changes. SPRS users can also group
together widely divergent kinds of products, forexample, tracking sales of
items marked as “gifts under $25.” Advertising staffers can follow so-called
“great items,” drawn from vastly different departments, that are splashed on
the covers of promotional circulars. SPRS enables extensive data mining,
but only on sku- and location-related analysis.
In 1998 Sears created a large customer database, dubbed LCI
(Leveraging Customer Information), which contained customer-related sale
information (which was not available on SPRS). The LCI enables hourly
records of transactions, for example, guiding hourly promotion (such as 15%
discounts for early-bird shoppers).
In the holiday season of 2001, Sears decided to replace its regular 10%
discount promotion by offering deep discountduring early shopping hours.
The new promotion, which was based on SPRS, failed, and only when LCI
was used was the problem corrected. This motivated Sears to combine LCI
and SPRS in a single platform, which enables sophisticated analysis (in
2002).
By 2001, Sears also had the following Web initiatives: an e-commerce
home improvement center, a B2B supply exchange for the retail industry, a
toy catalog (wishbook.com), an e-procurement system, and much more. All
6. SUBJECT: IT ForManagement Marks:100
of these Web-marketing initiatives feed data into the data warehouse, and
their planning and controlare based on accessing the data warehouse.
The Result
The ability to monitor sales by item per store enables Sears to create a sharp
local market focus. For example, Sears keeps different shades of paint colors
in different cities to meet local demands. Therefore, sales and market share
have improved. Also, Web-based data monitoring of sales at LCI helps Sears
to plan marketing and Web advertising.
At its inception, the data warehouse hand been used daily over 3,000
buyers, replenishers, marketers, strategic planner, logistics and finance
analysts, and store managers. By 2004, there were over 6,000 users, since
users found the system very beneficial. Responsetime to queries has
dropped from days to minutes for typical requests. Overall, the strategic
impact of the SPRS-LCIdata warehouse is that it offers Sears employees a
tool for making better decisions, and Sears retailing profits have climbed
more than 20 percent annually since SPRS was implemented.
Questions
1. What were the drivers of SPRS?
2. How did the data warehouse solve Sears’s problems?
3. Why was it beneficial to integrate the customers’ data-basewith
SPRS?
4. How could RFID change Sears’s operations?
7. SUBJECT: IT ForManagement Marks:100
CASE – 3 Dollar General Uses Integrated Software
Dollar General (dollargeneral.com) operates more than 6,000 general stores
in the United States, fiercely competing with Wal-Mart, Target, and
thousands of other stores in the sale of food, apparel, home-cleaning
products, health and beauty aids, and more. The chain doubled in size
between 1996 and 2002 and has had some problems in addition to the stiff
competition, due to its rapid expansion. Forexample, moving into new states
means different sales taxes, and these need to be closely monitored for
changes. Personal management also became more difficult with the
organization’s growth. an increased number of purchasing orders
exacerbated problems in the accounts payable department, which was using
manual matching of purchasing orders, invoices, and what was actually
received in the “receiving” department before bills were paid.
The IT department was flooded with request to generate long reports on
topics ranging from asset management to general ledgers. It became clear
that a better information system was needed. Dollar General started by
evaluating information requirements that would be able to solve the above
and other problems that cut into the company’s profit.
A major factor in deciding which software to buy was the integration
requirement among the existing information systems of the various
functional areas, especially the financial applications. This led to the
selection of the Financials suite (from Lawson Software). The company
started to implement applications one at the time. Before 1998, the company
installed the suite’s asset management, payroll, and some HR applications
which allow the tens of thousands of employees to monitor and self-update
their benefits, 401k contributions, and personal data (resulting in big savings
to the HR department). After 1998, the accounts payable and general ledger
modules of Lawson Software were activated. The accounting modules allow
employees to route, extract, and analyze data in the accounting/finance area
with little reliance on IT personnel. During 2001-2003, Dollar General
moved into the sales and procurement areas, thus adding the marketing and
operation activities to the integrated system.
Here are a few examples of how various parts of the new system work:
All sales data from the point-of-sale scanners of some 6,000 stores are pulled
8. SUBJECT: IT ForManagement Marks:100
each night, together with financial data, discounts, etc., into the business
intelligence application for financial and marketing analysis. Employee
payroll data, from each store, are pulled once a week. This provides synergy
with the sales audit system (from STS Software). All sales data are
processed nightly by the STS System, broken into hourly journal entries,
processed and summarized, and then entered into the Lawson’s general
ledger module.
The original infrastructure was mainframe based (IBM AS 400). By
2002, the 800 largest suppliers of Dollar General were submitting their bills
on the EDI. This allowed instantaneous processing in the accounts payable
module. By 2003, service providers, such as utilities, were added to the
system. To do all this the system was migrated in 2001 from the old legacy
system to the Unix operating system, and then to a Web-based infrastructure,
mainly in order to add Web-based functionalities and tools.
A development tool embedded in Lawson’s Financials allowed users to
customize applications without touching the computer programming code.
This included applications that are not contained in the Lawson system. For
example, an employee-bonus applications was not available at Lawson, but
was added to Financial’s payroll module to accommodate Dollar General’s
bonus system. A customized application that allowed additions and changes
in dozens of geographical areas also solved the organization’s state sales-tax
collection and reporting problem.
The system is very scalable, so there is not problem in adding stores,
vendors, applications, or functionalities. In 2003, the system was completely
converted to Web-based, enabling authorized vendors, for example, to log
on the Internet and view the status of their invoices by themselves. Also the
Internet/EDI enables small vendors to use the system. (An EDI is too
expensive for small vendors, but the EDI/Internet is affordable.) Also, the
employment can update personal data from any Web-enabled desktop in the
store or at home. Future plans call for adding an e-purchasing (procurement)
module using a desktop purchasing model.
Questions
1. Explain why the old, nonintegrated functional system created
problems for the company. Be specific.
2. The new system costseveral millions dollars. Why, in your opinion,
was it necessary to install it?
9. SUBJECT: IT ForManagement Marks:100
3. Lawson Software Smart Notification Software (lawson.com) is being
considered by Dollar General. Find information about the software
and write an opinion for adopting or rejection.
4. Another new productof Lawson is Service Automation. Would you
recommend it to Dollar General? Why or why not?
CASE – 4 Singapore and Malaysia Airlines Intelligent
System
The problem
Airlines fly around the globe, mostly with their native crew. Singapore
Airlines and Malaysia Airlines are relatively small airlines, but they serve
dozens of different countries. If a crewmember is ill on route, there is a
problem of quickly finding a replacement. This is just one example why
crew scheduling may be complex, especially when it is subject to regulatory
constraints, contract agreements and crew preferences. Disturbances such as
weather conditions, maintenance problems, etc, also make crew management
difficult.
The Solution
Singapore Airlines uses Web-based intelligent systems including expert
systems and neural computing to manage the company’s flight crew
scheduling and handle disruptions to the crew rosters. The Integrated Crew
Management System (ICMS) project, implemented in Singapore since 1997,
consists of three modules: one roster assignment module for cockpitcrew,
one for the cabin crew, and a crew tracking module. The first two modules
automate the tracking and scheduling of the flight crew’s timetable. The
second module tracks the positions of the crew and includes an intelligent
system that handles crew patterns disruptions.
For example, crews are rearranged if one member falls ill while in a
foreign port; the system will find a backup in order to prevent understaffing
on the scheduled flight. The intelligent system then determines the bestway
to reschedule the different crew members’ rosters to accommodatethe sick
person. When a potentially disruptive situation occurs, the intelligent system
automatically draws upon the knowledge stored in the database and advises
the best course of action. This might mean repositioning the crew or calling
10. SUBJECT: IT ForManagement Marks:100
in backup staff. The crew tracking system includes a crew disruption
handling module that provides decision supportcapabilities in real time.
A similar Web-based system is used by Malaysia Airlines, as of
summer 2003, to optimize flight crew utilization. Also called ICMS, it
leverages optimization software from ilog.com. Its Crew Pairing
Optimization (CPO) module utilizes Ilog Cplex and Ilog Solver optimization
components to ensure compliance with airline regulations, trade union
agreements, and company policies, to minimize the costs associated with
crew accommodations and transportation and to efficiently plan and
optimize staff utilization and activities associated with long-term planning
and daily operations. The Crew Duty Assignment (CDA) module provides
automatic assignment of duties to all flight crews. The system considers
work rules, regulatory requirements, and crew requests to producean
optimal monthly crew roster.
The Results
Despite the difficult economic times, both airless are competing
successfully in the region, and their balance sheets are better than most other
airlines.
Questions
1. Why do airlines need optimization systems for crew scheduling?
2. What role can experts’ knowledge play in this case?
3. What are the similarities between the systems in Singapore and
Malaysia?
4. The airlines use ADSs for their pricing strategy (pricing and yield
optimization). Can they use an ADS for crew management? Why or
why not?