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Similar to Isn't it a Amazing Process-Photosynthesis
Isn't it a Amazing Process-Photosynthesis
- 2. Review Question โข Whichmode of nutrition do the green plants carry out? A. Autotrophic nutrition B. Heterotrophic nutrition
- 3. Sorry! Youโre wrong! โขHeterotrophic nutrition is the mode of nutrition in which organisms have to depend on other organisms or dead organic matters as their food sources. Green plants, however, can make organic food by themselves using simple inorganic substances. Back
- 4. Very Good! โข Autotrophicnutrition is the mode of nutrition in which organisms can make organic food by themselves using simple inorganic substances. โข The process by which the green plants obtain nutrients is called :- Photosynthesis
- 6. Overview of nutritionin green plants carbon dioxide and water photosynthesis carbohydrates (e.g. glucose) mineral salts (e.g. NO3-, SO42-) fatty acids glycerol amino acids water nutrients for plants can be used to produce all plant materials (e.g. enzymes, cell wall, cytoplasm, cell membrane, chlorophyll)
- 7. Nature of photosynthesis โขAnabolic process โข Takes place in chloroplast โข Necessary factors : โขCarbon dioxide โขWater โขSunlight โขChlorophyll
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- 9. Light Absorption Spectrum Whyleave looked green?
- 10. Different pigments inabsorption spectrum
- 11. How light energyused?
- 12. Light reaction โข Lightenergy is trapped by chlorophyll in chloroplast
- 13. Light reaction Light energyabsorbed by chlorophyll splits water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen
- 14. Light reaction Oxygen isreleased as a gas through stoma to outside
- 15. Light reaction Hydrogen isfed into dark reaction
- 16. Dark reaction โข Nolight is required; can combines with CO2 to form Hydrogen producedain light reactiontake place either in Water is formed as by-product carbohydrates light or darkness
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- 20. Dark Reaction M.Calvin
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- 24. Fate of productof photosynthesis Kreb cycle
- 25. Factors affect rateof photosynthesis
- 26. Expt. Show effectof factors Conc. Of Distance NaHCO3 Heat
- 27. Fate of carbohydrateproducts in the plant carbon dioxide and water photosynthesis carbohydrates (e.g. glucose) mineral salts (e.g. NO3-, SO42-) fatty acids glycerol amino acids water
- 28. Fate of carbohydrateproducts in the plant carbon dioxide and water photosynthesis carbohydrates (e.g. glucose) mineral salts (e.g. NO3-, SO42-) fatty acids glycerol amino acids water release energy by respiration
- 29. Fate of carbohydrateproducts in the plant carbon dioxide and water photosynthesis carbohydrates (e.g. glucose) mineral salts (e.g. NO3-, SO42-) fatty acids glycerol amino acids water convert into starch for storage
- 30. Fate of carbohydrateproducts in the plant carbon dioxide and water photosynthesis carbohydrates (e.g. glucose) mineral salts (e.g. NO3-, SO42-) fatty acids glycerol amino acids water change into sucrose and is transported to other parts through phloem
- 31. Fate of carbohydrateproducts in the plant carbon dioxide and water photosynthesis carbohydrates (e.g. glucose) mineral salts (e.g. NO3-, SO42-) fatty acids glycerol amino acids water combine to form fats and oils to form cell membranes and as a food store
- 32. Fate of carbohydrateproducts in the plant carbon dioxide and water photosynthesis carbohydrates (e.g. glucose) mineral salts (e.g. NO3-, SO42-) fatty acids glycerol amino acids water join together to become protein molecules
- 33. Mineral requirements inplants โข In order to synthesize amino acids, nitrate ions must be taken into the plant from the soil through the root โข Other minerals are also necessary to maintain the life of the plant
- 34. Expt. Show effectof minerals Different Nutrient added
- 35. The importance ofnitrogen โข For synthesis of proteins, chlorophyll, etc. โข Taken in the form of nitrate ions โข Deficiency symptoms: โ Little growth (๏no protein made) โ Yellowing of leaves (๏chlorophyll made)
- 36. The importance ofmagnesium โข Essential component of chlorophyll โข Deficiency symptoms: โ Yellowing of leaves (๏no chlorophyll made) โ Poor growth (๏no food manufactured because of lack of chlorophyll)
- 37. Use of fertilizersin agriculture โข Continuous harvesting crops removes the valuable mineral salts from soil โดFertilizers are added to replace such loss โข Two kinds of fertilizers: โ Natural fertilizers โ Chemical fertilizers
- 38. Natural fertilizers โข Frommanure โข Organic compounds in it are decomposed by bacteria in soil to form mineral salts
- 39. Chemical fertilizers โข Mainlynitrogenous and phosphorous compounds manufactured artificially
- 40. Comparison between naturaland chemical fertilizers Natural fertilizers Chemical fertilizers Very cheap More expensive Contain humus which No humus so cannot can improve soil improve soil texture texture Less soluble in water Very soluble in water so less likely to be so more likely to be washed away washed away
- 41. Comparison between naturaland chemical fertilizers Natural fertilizers Chemical fertilizers Less soluble in water Very soluble in water so more difficult to be so easier to be absorbed absorbed Time is needed for the More readily to be decomposition to used by the plants complete before nutrient is available to plants
- 42. Importance of photosynthesis โขIt is the only method to convert energy in sunlight into chemical energy โ Animals have to depend on plants for food supply โ Plants: producers; animals : consumers โข To maintain a constant oxygen level in the atmosphere
- 43. Experiments to testfor necessary factors of photosynthesis โข Experimental set-up: To remove the factor under study and to see if photosynthesis still takes place โข Control set-up: Identical to experimental set-up except that the missing factor is present
- 44. A set-up tostudy whether light is necessary for photosynthesis Region B Region A leafy shoot water
- 45. Which is thecontrol, the exposed region A or the shaded region B?
- 46. What is thepurpose of setting up region A? โข As a control Too simple and not explicit! To show that photosynthesis cannot take place in the absence of light
- 47. Destarching โข Reason: โ To avoid any existing starch in the leaves interfering with the result, and to show that any starch found after the experiment was produced during the period of investigation โข Method: โ By placing the plant in dark for at least 24 hours
- 48. Parts of plantwhere photosynthesis takes place โข Places where chloroplasts are found โข Mainly in the leaf because โ it contains a lot of chloroplasts โ it is well adapted for performing photosynthesis
- 49. Cross-section of adicot leaf upper epidermis protect internal tissues from mechanical damage and bacterial and fungal invasion
- 50. Cross-section of adicot leaf Cuticle โข a waxy layer โข prevent water loss from the leaf surface
- 51. Cross-section of adicot leaf mesophyll
- 52. Cross-section of adicot leaf palisade mesophyll columnarmany contains cells closely packed chloroplasts together โดabsorb light more efficiently
- 53. Cross-section of adicot leaf irregular cells loosely packed together to leave numerous large air spaces โallow rapid diffusion of less chloroplasts gases for throughout the photosynthesis leaf spongy mesophyll
- 54. Cross-section of adicot leaf same as upper epidermis except the cuticle is thinner lower epidermis
- 55. Cross-section of adicot leaf stoma opening which allows gases to pass through it to go into or out of the leaf
- 56. Cross-section of adicot leaf guard cells control the size of stoma
- 57. Cross-section of adicot leaf vascular bundle (vein)
- 58. Cross-section of adicot leaf xylem โขto transport water and mineral salts towards the leaf
- 59. Cross-section of adicot leaf phloem โขto transport organic substances away from the leaf
- 60. Adaptation of leafto photosynthesis Upper epidermis and cuticle is transparent Allows most light to pass to photosynthetic mesophyll tissues
- 61. Adaptation of leafto photosynthesis Palisade mesophyll cells are closely packed and contain many chloroplasts To carry out photosynthesis more efficiently
- 62. Adaptation of leafto photosynthesis Spongy mesophyll cells are loosely packed with numerous large air spaces To allow rapid diffusion of gases throughout the leaf
- 63. Adaptation of leafto photosynthesis Numerous stomata on lower epidermis To allow rapid gaseous exchange with the atmosphere
- 64. Adaptation of leafto photosynthesis Extensive vein system โข Allow sufficient water to reach the cells in the leaf โข To carry food away from them to other parts of the plant
- 65. CHEMOSYNTHSIS โขIron bacteria โขColorless sulphurbacteria โขNitrifying bacteria
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