Vivek Nigam and Pubudu Jayasinghe discuss the Internet in Myanmar, IPv4 depletion and how Members can manage that, deploying IPv6, and routing security.
Presented by Elly Tawhai, APNIC Senior Hostmaster, at the 2017 New Zealand Network Operators Group (NZNOG) meeting was held in Tauranga, New Zealand from 26 to 27 January.
The document discusses measuring the performance and reliability of IPv6 connections compared to IPv4. It analyzes data from 2011 and 2015-2016 on connection failure rates and round-trip times. In 2011, IPv6 connections using 6to4 and Teredo tunnels had high failure rates of 10-20% and 5.3% respectively, while unicast was lower at 5.3%. By 2015, 6to4 failure dropped to 9% while unicast was between 1.5-4%. Round-trip time analyses found 13% of unicast IPv6 connections were over 10ms faster than IPv4 in 2015-2016, while 32% were over 10ms slower. The document provides online maps showing average connection reliability and
This document discusses the linkages between governmental policy and IPv6 adoption. It begins with background on IPv4 address exhaustion and the need to adopt IPv6. It then examines IPv6 readiness around the world and provides examples from various countries and economies. Recommendations are made to SATRC to encourage a multi-stakeholder approach, establish IPv6 guidelines, conduct industry readiness research, and develop policies and human capacity. APNIC can contribute training, monitoring, and outreach efforts to support the transition.
Vivek Nigam and Pubudu Jayasinghe discuss the Internet in Myanmar, IPv4 depletion and how Members can manage that, deploying IPv6, and routing security.
Presented by Elly Tawhai, APNIC Senior Hostmaster, at the 2017 New Zealand Network Operators Group (NZNOG) meeting was held in Tauranga, New Zealand from 26 to 27 January.
The document discusses measuring the performance and reliability of IPv6 connections compared to IPv4. It analyzes data from 2011 and 2015-2016 on connection failure rates and round-trip times. In 2011, IPv6 connections using 6to4 and Teredo tunnels had high failure rates of 10-20% and 5.3% respectively, while unicast was lower at 5.3%. By 2015, 6to4 failure dropped to 9% while unicast was between 1.5-4%. Round-trip time analyses found 13% of unicast IPv6 connections were over 10ms faster than IPv4 in 2015-2016, while 32% were over 10ms slower. The document provides online maps showing average connection reliability and
This document discusses the linkages between governmental policy and IPv6 adoption. It begins with background on IPv4 address exhaustion and the need to adopt IPv6. It then examines IPv6 readiness around the world and provides examples from various countries and economies. Recommendations are made to SATRC to encourage a multi-stakeholder approach, establish IPv6 guidelines, conduct industry readiness research, and develop policies and human capacity. APNIC can contribute training, monitoring, and outreach efforts to support the transition.
Multipathed, Multiplexed, Multilateral Transport Protocols - Decoupling trans...APNIC
Multipathed, Multiplexed, Multilateral Transport Protocols - Decoupling transport protocols from what's below, by Catherine Pearce.
A presentation given at APRICOT 2016’s APOPS Plenary 1 session on 22 February 2016.
Deputy Director General, Sanjaya, outlines Internet infrastructure in Taiwan, demonstrating how the BGP routing table can be used as a data source to visualise Internet infrastructure in an economy by mapping transit paths of Autonomous System Numbers delegated to that economy.
Presentation given by Srinivas (Sunny) Chendi, APNIC's Senior Internet Development Advisor, at the 3rd Open Policy meeting held by the Indian Registry for Internet Names and Numbers (IRINN) 24 November 2015
Securing the global routing system and the approach of operatorsAPNIC
This document discusses securing the global routing system and how network operators are adopting and implementing route validation techniques. It provides an overview of route origin validation using the Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) and examines adoption rates across several Southeast Asian countries based on the number of ROAs (Route Origin Authorizations) published. While RPKI adoption is growing as most operators create ROAs for minimum length prefixes and advertise the longest prefix, some ROAs remain invalid due to further allocations to customers. The document also outlines some open-source tools for collecting routing data and monitoring RPKI validation status.
The trend stats of routing table at JPIX route serversAPNIC
1) JPIX operates internet exchange points and route servers in Tokyo and Osaka, Japan.
2) An analysis of routing tables from JPIX route servers shows that the number of IPv4 and IPv6 routes has generally increased over time as more members connect and existing members advertise more routes.
3) The distribution of prefix sizes is dominated by the typical minimum assignment sizes of /24 for IPv4 and /48 for IPv6, though some larger prefixes are present.
A review of current worldwide IPv6 deployment - SANOG EditionAPNIC
This document provides an overview of global IPv6 deployment as of 2016, with a focus on the Asia Pacific region and SANOG economies. It finds that while global IPv6 capability is around 6.5%, some countries have much higher rates, like Belgium at 53%. In Asia Pacific, Japan, Australia, Malaysia, and Singapore show leading deployment. However, few economies in the region are above the global average. The document also analyzes IPv6 deployment data for ISPs and economies in the US, Belgium, Germany, Brazil, Ecuador, and Afghanistan and Bangladesh to understand trends. It concludes that IPv6 and IPv4 networks may increasingly diverge, with some networks investing in IPv6 and others relying more on IPv4 transition technologies
Comcast began deploying IPv6 in 2005 to support future growth as IPv4 addresses were becoming inadequate. They have since made IPv6 the primary protocol for managing their network and services. Over 99% of their devices are now managed using IPv6-only, and around 40% of their internet traffic occurs over IPv6. Their goal is to continue transitioning their entire infrastructure and services to IPv6-only to fully leverage its capabilities.
This document analyzes IPv6 adoption trends in Asia, finding that while some economies like Japan, Australia, Malaysia, and Singapore show significant IPv6 capability, many others in the region are stagnant or show slow growth. It examines IPv6 deployment by major ISPs in economies with high IPv6 rates, like SK Telecom in Korea, and compares IPv6 capability between Asia, Europe, and North America. The analysis suggests the Internet may diverge between those investing in IPv6 and those relying primarily on IPv4.
George Michaelson's presentation on End User DNS Measurement at APNIC @ ‘Technical: Measure Like We, Measure with Us: Ensuring the Quality of DNS Measuring'
IPv6 - delegations, deployment and trends, SANOG 29APNIC
Presented by Pubudu Jayasinghe, from APNIC Members Services team, at the 29th South Asian Network Operators Group meeting (SANOG29) held in Islamabad, Pakistan from 23 to 30 January 2017
IPv6 readiness among APEC TEL member economiesAPNIC
Presented by Klée Aiken at the 54th Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Telecommunications and Information Working Group held in Kyoto, Japan from 31 October to 4 November.
This document discusses mobility trends in today's internet and their implications. It notes that mobiles now represent 40% of internet-connected devices and 75% of internet access provider revenue. While GSM previously provided a single standard, the mobile industry is now heterogeneous with various spectrum allocations, technologies, and business models. This fragmented transition to IPv6 adds costs and complexity. Mobile operating systems like iOS and Android support IPv6 inconsistently. The ability to seamlessly handoff connections between cellular and WiFi networks without dropping active sessions could lower consumer costs and impact revenue models. Various stakeholders have different approaches to controlling this handoff process.
Internet infrastructure in the South East Asia regionAPNIC
The document provides an overview of Internet infrastructure in Southeast Asia, focusing on Laos. It discusses key concepts like autonomous systems (ASNs) and routing. Visualizations show the interconnection of networks globally and in Southeast Asia. Laos currently has predominantly internet service providers and government networks, but more non-ISP networks are expected to deploy ASNs as the country develops similarly to its neighbors. Looking ahead, trends include more local interconnection to improve performance and reduce costs, as well as growth in local content and initiatives driving more networks across academia, businesses and other sectors.
This document summarizes APNIC services and activities from November 2014. It discusses membership growth, IPv4 and IPv6 address allocation trends, autonomous system number assignments, service enhancements including improved security and MyAPNIC features, training activities, community development projects, and the ISIF Asia grants program. Trends observed include issues with geolocation data and registering reverse DNS entries. APNIC aims to support an open, stable, and secure Internet across the Asia Pacific region.
The document discusses RPKI (Resource Public Key Infrastructure) deployment factors in Japan. It notes that RPKI deployment has been slower in Asia including Japan compared to Europe. It outlines some of the challenges including that router implementations are still being enhanced and operational practices need to mature. It also notes that JPNIC and JPNAP have recently launched public RPKI ROA caches to help accelerate deployment in Japan. The document closes by outlining some issues seen with RPKI validation and provides a proposed step-by-step approach to RPKI deployment.
This document discusses the need for IPv6 adoption in the Pacific region. It notes that while IPv4 addresses are still available in some Pacific nations, drivers like access to online content and services are increasing the need for IPv6. The status of IPv6 deployment is reviewed for several Pacific countries, showing most have very low IPv6 capability currently but high potential addresses per person with IPv6. Training opportunities are highlighted to help build capacity for IPv6 in the region.
Community Engagement Specialist, Sunny Chendi, provides an update of APNIC's service initiatives and activities at the second Nepal Network Operators Group meeting in Kathmandu.
This document discusses IPv4 transfers and the Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI). It provides information on who can transfer IPv4 addresses between APNIC members and other RIRs, and shows statistics on IPv4 transfers from Singapore. It describes what RPKI is and how it helps secure internet routing by validating routes. It provides instructions on how to create Route Origin Authorization (ROA) objects in MyAPNIC to participate in RPKI and the benefits of maintaining ROAs. Statistics on ROA adoption in several Asian countries are also presented, along with an example of a successful ROA deployment campaign in Bangladesh.
Multipathed, Multiplexed, Multilateral Transport Protocols - Decoupling trans...APNIC
Multipathed, Multiplexed, Multilateral Transport Protocols - Decoupling transport protocols from what's below, by Catherine Pearce.
A presentation given at APRICOT 2016’s APOPS Plenary 1 session on 22 February 2016.
Deputy Director General, Sanjaya, outlines Internet infrastructure in Taiwan, demonstrating how the BGP routing table can be used as a data source to visualise Internet infrastructure in an economy by mapping transit paths of Autonomous System Numbers delegated to that economy.
Presentation given by Srinivas (Sunny) Chendi, APNIC's Senior Internet Development Advisor, at the 3rd Open Policy meeting held by the Indian Registry for Internet Names and Numbers (IRINN) 24 November 2015
Securing the global routing system and the approach of operatorsAPNIC
This document discusses securing the global routing system and how network operators are adopting and implementing route validation techniques. It provides an overview of route origin validation using the Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) and examines adoption rates across several Southeast Asian countries based on the number of ROAs (Route Origin Authorizations) published. While RPKI adoption is growing as most operators create ROAs for minimum length prefixes and advertise the longest prefix, some ROAs remain invalid due to further allocations to customers. The document also outlines some open-source tools for collecting routing data and monitoring RPKI validation status.
The trend stats of routing table at JPIX route serversAPNIC
1) JPIX operates internet exchange points and route servers in Tokyo and Osaka, Japan.
2) An analysis of routing tables from JPIX route servers shows that the number of IPv4 and IPv6 routes has generally increased over time as more members connect and existing members advertise more routes.
3) The distribution of prefix sizes is dominated by the typical minimum assignment sizes of /24 for IPv4 and /48 for IPv6, though some larger prefixes are present.
A review of current worldwide IPv6 deployment - SANOG EditionAPNIC
This document provides an overview of global IPv6 deployment as of 2016, with a focus on the Asia Pacific region and SANOG economies. It finds that while global IPv6 capability is around 6.5%, some countries have much higher rates, like Belgium at 53%. In Asia Pacific, Japan, Australia, Malaysia, and Singapore show leading deployment. However, few economies in the region are above the global average. The document also analyzes IPv6 deployment data for ISPs and economies in the US, Belgium, Germany, Brazil, Ecuador, and Afghanistan and Bangladesh to understand trends. It concludes that IPv6 and IPv4 networks may increasingly diverge, with some networks investing in IPv6 and others relying more on IPv4 transition technologies
Comcast began deploying IPv6 in 2005 to support future growth as IPv4 addresses were becoming inadequate. They have since made IPv6 the primary protocol for managing their network and services. Over 99% of their devices are now managed using IPv6-only, and around 40% of their internet traffic occurs over IPv6. Their goal is to continue transitioning their entire infrastructure and services to IPv6-only to fully leverage its capabilities.
This document analyzes IPv6 adoption trends in Asia, finding that while some economies like Japan, Australia, Malaysia, and Singapore show significant IPv6 capability, many others in the region are stagnant or show slow growth. It examines IPv6 deployment by major ISPs in economies with high IPv6 rates, like SK Telecom in Korea, and compares IPv6 capability between Asia, Europe, and North America. The analysis suggests the Internet may diverge between those investing in IPv6 and those relying primarily on IPv4.
George Michaelson's presentation on End User DNS Measurement at APNIC @ ‘Technical: Measure Like We, Measure with Us: Ensuring the Quality of DNS Measuring'
IPv6 - delegations, deployment and trends, SANOG 29APNIC
Presented by Pubudu Jayasinghe, from APNIC Members Services team, at the 29th South Asian Network Operators Group meeting (SANOG29) held in Islamabad, Pakistan from 23 to 30 January 2017
IPv6 readiness among APEC TEL member economiesAPNIC
Presented by Klée Aiken at the 54th Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Telecommunications and Information Working Group held in Kyoto, Japan from 31 October to 4 November.
This document discusses mobility trends in today's internet and their implications. It notes that mobiles now represent 40% of internet-connected devices and 75% of internet access provider revenue. While GSM previously provided a single standard, the mobile industry is now heterogeneous with various spectrum allocations, technologies, and business models. This fragmented transition to IPv6 adds costs and complexity. Mobile operating systems like iOS and Android support IPv6 inconsistently. The ability to seamlessly handoff connections between cellular and WiFi networks without dropping active sessions could lower consumer costs and impact revenue models. Various stakeholders have different approaches to controlling this handoff process.
Internet infrastructure in the South East Asia regionAPNIC
The document provides an overview of Internet infrastructure in Southeast Asia, focusing on Laos. It discusses key concepts like autonomous systems (ASNs) and routing. Visualizations show the interconnection of networks globally and in Southeast Asia. Laos currently has predominantly internet service providers and government networks, but more non-ISP networks are expected to deploy ASNs as the country develops similarly to its neighbors. Looking ahead, trends include more local interconnection to improve performance and reduce costs, as well as growth in local content and initiatives driving more networks across academia, businesses and other sectors.
This document summarizes APNIC services and activities from November 2014. It discusses membership growth, IPv4 and IPv6 address allocation trends, autonomous system number assignments, service enhancements including improved security and MyAPNIC features, training activities, community development projects, and the ISIF Asia grants program. Trends observed include issues with geolocation data and registering reverse DNS entries. APNIC aims to support an open, stable, and secure Internet across the Asia Pacific region.
The document discusses RPKI (Resource Public Key Infrastructure) deployment factors in Japan. It notes that RPKI deployment has been slower in Asia including Japan compared to Europe. It outlines some of the challenges including that router implementations are still being enhanced and operational practices need to mature. It also notes that JPNIC and JPNAP have recently launched public RPKI ROA caches to help accelerate deployment in Japan. The document closes by outlining some issues seen with RPKI validation and provides a proposed step-by-step approach to RPKI deployment.
This document discusses the need for IPv6 adoption in the Pacific region. It notes that while IPv4 addresses are still available in some Pacific nations, drivers like access to online content and services are increasing the need for IPv6. The status of IPv6 deployment is reviewed for several Pacific countries, showing most have very low IPv6 capability currently but high potential addresses per person with IPv6. Training opportunities are highlighted to help build capacity for IPv6 in the region.
Community Engagement Specialist, Sunny Chendi, provides an update of APNIC's service initiatives and activities at the second Nepal Network Operators Group meeting in Kathmandu.
This document discusses IPv4 transfers and the Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI). It provides information on who can transfer IPv4 addresses between APNIC members and other RIRs, and shows statistics on IPv4 transfers from Singapore. It describes what RPKI is and how it helps secure internet routing by validating routes. It provides instructions on how to create Route Origin Authorization (ROA) objects in MyAPNIC to participate in RPKI and the benefits of maintaining ROAs. Statistics on ROA adoption in several Asian countries are also presented, along with an example of a successful ROA deployment campaign in Bangladesh.
Yury Vladimirovich Polynsky is a children's ice hockey and football coach from Novo-Peredelkino, Moscow who is encouraging, supportive, fun, and helps his students succeed. He coaches young hockey players at the local children's ice hockey club in Moscow and has inspired his team. Under his competent direction, the team trained hard and was able to take their game to a higher level, becoming more courageous, physically stronger, and studying better in school. Yury Polynsky is praised as the right coach to help boys become strong, healthy, persistent and smart.
A 1.ª República Portuguesa e a Educação NovaHugo Almeida
O documento descreve a evolução da Educação Nova desde o século XVIII até o século XX, destacando figuras como Rousseau, Pestalozzi, Freinet e Dewey. Também contrasta os métodos da Escola Tradicional com a Escola Nova, que coloca a criança no centro do processo de aprendizagem.
Vào những ngày hè nóng bức, lượng nước trong cơ thể bé tiết ra tương đối lớn. Bên cạnh đó bé nhà bạn lại biếng ăn rau và uống nước. Để giải quyết vấn đề này bạn hãy nấu cho bé những món chè giải nhiệt thật tươi mát và thơm ngon nhé
El documento describe la historia de las Cumbres de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático desde 1972 hasta 2011. Detalla los hitos más importantes como la creación del IPCC en 1988, el Protocolo de Kioto en 1997, y los acuerdos de Copenhague en 2009 y Cancún en 2010. El objetivo de estas cumbres ha sido crear un marco para que los países colaboren en la reducción de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y enfrentar el reto global del cambio climático.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. It notes that regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise has also been shown to enhance self-esteem and serve as a healthy means of stress management.
This document summarizes a research paper that surveyed techniques used to enhance the performance of patch antennas using metamaterials. Metamaterials are artificially designed materials that can exhibit unusual electromagnetic properties not found in nature. They have been used in the last decade to design more compact and higher performance patch antennas for microwave applications. The document discusses various metamaterial-inspired patch antenna designs that have improved gain, directivity, bandwidth, side lobe suppression, and radiation efficiency. It also reviews the different types of metamaterials and how they provide solutions to challenges in conventional patch antenna design like small size and narrow bandwidth. In conclusion, it identifies open issues that could help guide future research in this area.
IPv6 performance was analyzed by measuring connection reliability and speed between IPv6 and IPv4 connections. Connection reliability was found to be lower for IPv6, with a 1.8% failure rate for unicast IPv6 compared to 0.2% for IPv4. 6to4 connections had an even higher 9% failure rate. Speed measurements showed that for 65% of unicast connections, IPv6 response times were within 10 milliseconds of IPv4. However, IPv6 connectivity is still not as robust as IPv4, with work remaining to improve IPv6 connection reliability.
ION Islamabad, 25 January 2017
By Pubudu Jayasinghe, APNIC & Aftab Siddiqui, Internet Society
Today, we can say that IPv6 is already happening all around the world. It’s interesting to see the main reasons that made it happen, how it’s happening, and to make the audience think about their deployment status and strategy. Statistics from different sources are showed, including data from RIPE NCC measurements.
A review of current worldwide IPv6 deployment - HKNOG EditionAPNIC
This document analyzes global IPv6 deployment based on measurement data. It finds that worldwide IPv6 capability is around 6.5% according to APNIC measurements, though Google reports higher numbers around 10%. Some economies like Belgium, the US, and Japan have IPv6 capabilities above 10%, while most of the Asia Pacific region lags behind worldwide levels. The document suggests IPv6 deployment may be diverging, with some networks investing significantly in IPv6 and others remaining on IPv4, potentially leading to "two kinds of Internet".
The document discusses factors driving IPv6 deployment and analyzes measurement data on IPv6 adoption. It finds that while wealth and size of an ISP's customer base correlates somewhat with IPv6 deployment, the majority of IPv6 users are served by non-wealthy ISPs. Rapid growth of an ISP does not necessarily motivate accelerated IPv6 adoption either. Having a shortage of IPv4 addresses is likely the biggest factor, as the ISPs with the highest customer to IPv4 address ratios generally have higher IPv6 deployment. However, even with address shortages, some large ISPs still rely primarily on IPv4 for addressing growing customer networks.
This document summarizes the results of measuring IPv6 performance by embedding scripts in online ads. IPv6 connections were found to be about as fast as IPv4 connections, with IPv6 being faster around half the time and within 10ms of IPv4 for most connections. However, IPv6 connections were also found to be less reliable, with an average failure rate of 1.5% compared to 0.2% for IPv4. While speeds are generally comparable once established, the higher failure rate of IPv6 connections means IPv4 still has an advantage in reliability of initial connections.
Presentation given by Guangliang Pan at the Internet Society’s ION Hangzhou 2016 conference held alongside the CNNIC OPM on 14 July in Hangzhou, China.
APNIC Chief Scientist helps describe the phenomenon that puts India and other developing economies at the top of IPv6 deployment at the RIPE 76 IPv6 Working Group session.
The document provides an update on IPv6 deployment globally and in Southeast Asia. It summarizes that global IPv6 end-user readiness has increased 7.69% over the last 12 months to 16.94%. Specific countries and mobile networks in India, Thailand, Vietnam, and Malaysia are highlighted as having seen large increases in IPv6 capability, with some mobile networks over 200% growth. Performance tests show IPv6 can be as fast or faster than IPv4 in some situations. Industry trends of growing mobile usage and native IPv6 support in newer devices are positive drivers for further IPv6 adoption.
Tim Wang presented on Taiwan's progress towards IPv6 readiness. He discussed the status of IPv6 deployment in Taiwan's government and academic networks, with usage around 3.84% and 19.49% respectively. CHT's IPv6 deployment roadmap was also presented, including major milestones achieved and plans for commercial IPv6 services on FTTx and 4G LTE networks by 2019. Common measurement criteria showed Taiwan's IPv6 BGP advertisement at 40.77%, service availability at 15.39%, and user availability at 0.8%, indicating steady growth in IPv6 adoption.
This document provides an overview and schedule for an APNIC Member Gathering in Guangzhou, China in April 2017. The schedule includes presentations on IPv4 exhaustion, IPv4 transfers, IPv6 deployment status, and an introduction to APNIC services. Statistics are presented on IPv4 and IPv6 allocations and deployments in China and globally by year. Key topics covered include the current IPv4 and IPv6 policies of each RIR, IPv4 transfer policies and procedures, and the higher levels of IPv6 deployment seen in some Asia Pacific countries and networks.
This document discusses trends in internet routing from 1994 to 2016 based on Route Views peering data. Some key points:
- IPv4 routing table and AS numbers continue to grow steadily at around 54,000 new entries and 3,400 new ASes per year despite IPv4 address exhaustion. Growth is supported by address recycling and shorter prefixes.
- IPv6 routing table is growing but at a slower rate than IPv4, increasing by around 6,000 entries per year. IPv6 adoption is still concentrated among early adopters.
- BGP update rates have remained relatively constant for IPv4 despite overall growth, likely due to Minimum Route Advertisement Interval (MRAI) damping. IPv6 updates are more uneven
APNIC Training Delivery Manager Tashi Phuntsho gave an update of global and regional IPv6 deployment, including statistics for Cambodia at the KHNOG 2 Online Webinar on 1 August 2020.
IPv6 Readiness Measurement BoF report, by Ai-Chin Lu [APNIC 38 / AMM]APNIC
The document summarizes the work of the IPv6 Readiness Measurement BoF. It discusses three common measurement criteria used: IPv6 allocation and BGP advertisement; user availability; and service availability. For service availability, different methodologies are presented including measuring the number of IPv6 enabled websites, DNS servers, and mail servers under various ccTLDs. The document concludes by encouraging continued data collection and cooperation to determine the most appropriate measurement criteria.
LACNOG (Latin America and the Caribbean Network Operators Group) The Forum of Network Operators of Latin America and the Caribbean aimed at the discussion and exchange of technical information related to network infrastructure and promotes the debate on issues of technical implementation and operational practices among the community members.
This document summarizes the Latin America and Caribbean Network Operators' Group (LACNOG). LACNOG is a technical forum for individuals and organizations involved in Internet network operations to exchange information and best practices. It has over 800 subscribers to its mailing list and holds an annual meeting with over 500 participants. Topics of discussion at meetings and on the mailing list focus on networking technologies like IPv6, routing, infrastructure, and security.
1. APNIC measures IPv6 deployment using online advertisements that test devices' ability to fetch URLs over IPv6. Their data shows 24.07% of end users are IPv6 capable, a over 400% increase in the past 5 years.
2. India has the highest percentage of IPv6 capable users at 63.79%, while many Asian and European economies have over 30%. Mobile networks are a major driver of IPv6 adoption.
3. IPv6 performance analysis shows a 1.4% global failure rate for TCP connections and varying results for connection speeds between regions, which may be influenced by different routing paths for IPv4 and IPv6.
ION Cape Town, 8 September 2015 - Three years ago on World IPv6 Launch, thousands of ISPs, home networking equipment manufacturers, and web companies around the world united to permanently enable IPv6 on their products and services. With the global IPv6 traffic at 5% and growing, Africa’s share of that IPv6 traffic is negligible. Yet IPv6 deployment is one of those initiatives that everyone agrees is merely important and will forever be at the mercy of other initiatives that are urgent. How do you change that? By using the proven methodology 4DX that will guarantee the IPv6 deployment project has a chance amidst the whirlwind of other urgent initiatives. This should certainly start moving up dial on IPv6 traffic in Africa.
APNIC Foundation, presented by Ellisha Heppner at the PNG DNS Forum 2024APNIC
Ellisha Heppner, Grant Management Lead, presented an update on APNIC Foundation to the PNG DNS Forum held from 6 to 10 May, 2024 in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.
Registry Data Accuracy Improvements, presented by Chimi Dorji at SANOG 41 / I...APNIC
Chimi Dorji, Internet Resource Analyst at APNIC, presented on Registry Data Accuracy Improvements at SANOG 41 jointly held with INNOG 7 in Mumbai, India from 25 to 30 April 2024.
APNIC Policy Roundup, presented by Sunny Chendi at the 5th ICANN APAC-TWNIC E...APNIC
Sunny Chendi, Senior Advisor, Membership and Policy at APNIC, presents 'APNIC Policy Roundup' at the 5th ICANN APAC-TWNIC Engagement Forum and 41st TWNIC OPM in Taipei, Taiwan from 23 to 24 April.
DDoS In Oceania and the Pacific, presented by Dave Phelan at NZNOG 2024APNIC
Dave Phelan, Senior Network Analyst/Technical Trainer at APNIC, presents 'DDoS In Oceania and the Pacific' at NZNOG 2024 held in Nelson, New Zealand from 8 to 12 April 2024.
'Future Evolution of the Internet' delivered by Geoff Huston at Everything Op...APNIC
Geoff Huston, Chief Scientist at APNIC deliver keynote presentation on the 'Future Evolution of the Internet' at the Everything Open 2024 conference in Gladstone, Australia from 16 to 18 April 2024.
IP addressing and IPv6, presented by Paul Wilson at IETF 119APNIC
Paul Wilson, Director General of APNIC delivers a presentation on IP addressing and IPv6 to the Policymakers Program during IETF 119 in Brisbane Australia from 16 to 22 March 2024.
draft-harrison-sidrops-manifest-number-01, presented at IETF 119APNIC
Tom Harrison, Product and Delivery Manager at APNIC presents at the Registration Protocols Extensions working group during IETF 119 in Brisbane, Australia from 16-22 March 2024
Benefits of doing Internet peering and running an Internet Exchange (IX) pres...APNIC
Che-Hoo Cheng, Senior Director, Development at APNIC presents on the "Benefits of doing Internet peering and running an Internet Exchange (IX)" at the Communications Regulatory Commission of Mongolia's IPv6, IXP, Datacenter - Policy and Regulation International Trends Forum in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia on 7 March 2024
APNIC Update and RIR Policies for ccTLDs, presented at APTLD 85APNIC
APNIC Senior Advisor, Membership and Policy, Sunny Chendi presented on APNIC updates and RIR Policies for ccTLDs at APTLD 85 in Goa, India from 19-22 February 2024.
Discover the benefits of outsourcing SEO to Indiadavidjhones387
"Discover the benefits of outsourcing SEO to India! From cost-effective services and expert professionals to round-the-clock work advantages, learn how your business can achieve digital success with Indian SEO solutions.
Instagram has become one of the most popular social media platforms, allowing people to share photos, videos, and stories with their followers. Sometimes, though, you might want to view someone's story without them knowing.
Understanding User Behavior with Google Analytics.pdfSEO Article Boost
Unlocking the full potential of Google Analytics is crucial for understanding and optimizing your website’s performance. This guide dives deep into the essential aspects of Google Analytics, from analyzing traffic sources to understanding user demographics and tracking user engagement.
Traffic Sources Analysis:
Discover where your website traffic originates. By examining the Acquisition section, you can identify whether visitors come from organic search, paid campaigns, direct visits, social media, or referral links. This knowledge helps in refining marketing strategies and optimizing resource allocation.
User Demographics Insights:
Gain a comprehensive view of your audience by exploring demographic data in the Audience section. Understand age, gender, and interests to tailor your marketing strategies effectively. Leverage this information to create personalized content and improve user engagement and conversion rates.
Tracking User Engagement:
Learn how to measure user interaction with your site through key metrics like bounce rate, average session duration, and pages per session. Enhance user experience by analyzing engagement metrics and implementing strategies to keep visitors engaged.
Conversion Rate Optimization:
Understand the importance of conversion rates and how to track them using Google Analytics. Set up Goals, analyze conversion funnels, segment your audience, and employ A/B testing to optimize your website for higher conversions. Utilize ecommerce tracking and multi-channel funnels for a detailed view of your sales performance and marketing channel contributions.
Custom Reports and Dashboards:
Create custom reports and dashboards to visualize and interpret data relevant to your business goals. Use advanced filters, segments, and visualization options to gain deeper insights. Incorporate custom dimensions and metrics for tailored data analysis. Integrate external data sources to enrich your analytics and make well-informed decisions.
This guide is designed to help you harness the power of Google Analytics for making data-driven decisions that enhance website performance and achieve your digital marketing objectives. Whether you are looking to improve SEO, refine your social media strategy, or boost conversion rates, understanding and utilizing Google Analytics is essential for your success.
Ready to Unlock the Power of Blockchain!Toptal Tech
Imagine a world where data flows freely, yet remains secure. A world where trust is built into the fabric of every transaction. This is the promise of blockchain, a revolutionary technology poised to reshape our digital landscape.
Toptal Tech is at the forefront of this innovation, connecting you with the brightest minds in blockchain development. Together, we can unlock the potential of this transformative technology, building a future of transparency, security, and endless possibilities.
Gen Z and the marketplaces - let's translate their needsLaura Szabó
The product workshop focused on exploring the requirements of Generation Z in relation to marketplace dynamics. We delved into their specific needs, examined the specifics in their shopping preferences, and analyzed their preferred methods for accessing information and making purchases within a marketplace. Through the study of real-life cases , we tried to gain valuable insights into enhancing the marketplace experience for Generation Z.
The workshop was held on the DMA Conference in Vienna June 2024.
2. What are we looking at:
• How “reliable” are IPv6 connections?
• How “fast” are IPv6 connections?
3. What are we looking at:
• How “reliable” are IPv6 connections?
• How “fast” are IPv6 connections?
Do all TCP connection attempts succeed?
Is V6 slower than V4?
4. The Measurement Technique
• Embed a script in an online ad
• Have the script generate a set of URLs to
fetch
• Examine the packets seen at the server to
determine reliability and RTT
8. What are we looking at:
• How “reliable” are IPv6 connections?
• How “fast” are IPv6 connections?
Do all TCP connection attempts succeed?
Is V6 slower than V4?
9. Outbound SYN
Busted SYN ACK
Return path
Connection Failure
What the server sees is an
incoming SYN, but no
matching incoming ACK
server
client
10. Compare two data sets
• The first data set has been collected across
2011
– Teredo and 6to4 were still active as IPv6
mechanisms
– Little in the way of other IPv6 services
• The second data set has been collected
across 2015
– Missing comparative IPv4 data for the period
September – October L
15. What is going on with IPv4?
The failure rate for V4 decreases as the volume of
experiments increases – which implies that the number
of “naked SYNs” being sent to the servers is not related
to the number of tests being performed.
Aside from residual IPv4 failures in the image fetch due
to device resets, connection dropouts, etc, the bulk of
the recorded failures here is probably attributable to
researchers bots doing all-of-address scanning on port
80
16. What is going on with IPv4?
Syn attacks?
bot scanning on port 80?
17. What about IPv6?
Local Miredo Relay Failures
Why is the base failure rate
of all IPv6 connections sitting
at 40%? This is amazingly bad!
18. V6 Failure Rate by Address Type
All V6 Average
Teredo
6 to 4
Unicast
19. 6to4 Failure is Local
Failure
6to4 failure appears to be related to two
factors:
1. The client’s site has a protocol 41 firewall filter
rule for incoming traffic (this is possibly more
prevalent in AsiaPac than in Europe)
2. Load / delay / reliability issues in the server’s
chosen outbound 6to4 relay (noted in the data
gathered at the US server)
Even so, the 10% to 20% connection failure rate
for 6to4 is unacceptably high!
26. Daily IPv6 Failures
• 6to4 failure rate has improved from 15%-20%
in 2011 to 9% in 2015
• Teredo has all but disappeared
• Unicast failure rate is between 1.5% and 4% in
2015
– Current unicast failure rate is 2%
27. Origin AS’s with High IPv6
Failure Rates
AS Failure Samples AS Name
Rate
AS13679 99.69% 318 Centros Culturales de Mexico, A.C., MX
AS201986 94.74% 133 ARPINET Arpinet LLC, AM
AS5511 90.68% 161 OPENTRANSIT Orange S.A., FR
AS20880 72.56% 962 TELECOLUMBUS Tele Columbus AG, DE
AS17660 57.06% 1,041 DRUKNET-AS DrukNet ISP, BT
AS21107 46.64% 7,564 BLICNET-AS Blicnet d.o.o., BA
AS4755 40.82% 316 TATACOMM-AS TATA Communications formerly VSNL is Leading ISP, IN
AS37992 40.25% 159 THAMMASAT-BORDER-AS Thammasat University in thailand, TH
AS28580 39.64% 1,158 CILNET Comunicacaoe Informatica LTDA., BR
AS17412 35.58% 163 WOOSHWIRELESSNZ Woosh Wireless, NZ
AS52207 33.62% 931 TULA-AS JSC "ER-Telecom Holding", RU
AS4796 32.61% 414 BANDUNG-NET-AS-AP Institute of Technology Bandung, ID
AS30036 30.59% 17,001 MEDIACOM-ENTERPRISE-BUSINESS - Mediacom Communications Corp, US
AS9329 29.35% 184 SLTINT-AS-AP Sri Lanka Telecom Internet, LK
AS7477 28.10% 153 TEREDONN-AS-AP SkyMesh Pty Ltd, AU
AS52888 25.79% 190 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SAO CARLOS, BR
AS28343 24.52% 681 TPA TELECOMUNICACOES LTDA, BR
AS210 22.27% 247 WEST-NET-WEST - Utah Education Network, US
AS29632 19.25% 239 NASSIST-AS NetAssist LLC, UA
AS20857 18.10% 105 TRANSIP-AS TransIP B.V., NL
28. Origin AS’s with Zero
Failure Rates
AS3223 0.00% 3,138 VOXILITY Voxility S.R.L., RO
AS16265 0.00% 2,761 LEASEWEB-NETWORK LeaseWeb Network B.V., NL
AS24961 0.00% 2,644 MYLOC-AS myLoc managed IT AG, DE
AS39832 0.00% 1,945 NO-OPERA Opera Software ASA, NO
AS2686 0.00% 1,824 ATGS-MMD-AS - AT&T Global Network Services, LLC, US
AS33070 0.00% 1,633 RMH-14 - Rackspace Hosting, US
AS55536 0.00% 1,351 PSWITCH-HK PACSWITCH GLOBAL IP NETWORK, HK
AS21191 0.00% 1,210 ASN-SEVERTTK Closed Joint Stock Company TransTeleCom, RU
AS22584 0.00% 1,165 NTELOS-PCS - Ntelos Inc., US
AS32780 0.00% 1,119 HOSTINGSERVICES-INC - Hosting Services, Inc., US
AS29854 0.00% 1,039 WESTHOST - WestHost, Inc., US
AS18144 0.00% 974 AS-ENECOM Energia Communications,Inc., JP
AS12510 0.00% 762 SAP_AG_WDF SAP SE, DE
AS21837 0.00% 757 OPERASOFTWARE - Opera Software Americas LLC, US
AS13213 0.00% 741 UK2NET-AS UK2 - Ltd, GB
AS9619 0.00% 672 SSD Sony Global Solutions Inc., JP
AS19994 0.00% 660 RACKSPACE - Rackspace Hosting, US
AS32934 0.00% 654 FACEBOOK - Facebook, Inc., US
AS25513 0.00% 639 ASN-MGTS-USPD OJS Moscow city telephone network, RU
AS2614 0.00% 608 ROEDUNET Agentia de Admin a Retelei Nationale de Informatica Educatie si Cercetare, RO
Ranked by IPv6 measurement count
29. Origin AS’s with Zero
Failure Rates
AS3223 0.00% 3,138 VOXILITY Voxility S.R.L., RO
AS16265 0.00% 2,761 LEASEWEB-NETWORK LeaseWeb Network B.V., NL
AS24961 0.00% 2,644 MYLOC-AS myLoc managed IT AG, DE
AS39832 0.00% 1,945 NO-OPERA Opera Software ASA, NO
AS2686 0.00% 1,824 ATGS-MMD-AS - AT&T Global Network Services, LLC, US
AS33070 0.00% 1,633 RMH-14 - Rackspace Hosting, US
AS55536 0.00% 1,351 PSWITCH-HK PACSWITCH GLOBAL IP NETWORK, HK
AS21191 0.00% 1,210 ASN-SEVERTTK Closed Joint Stock Company TransTeleCom, RU
AS22584 0.00% 1,165 NTELOS-PCS - Ntelos Inc., US
AS32780 0.00% 1,119 HOSTINGSERVICES-INC - Hosting Services, Inc., US
AS29854 0.00% 1,039 WESTHOST - WestHost, Inc., US
AS18144 0.00% 974 AS-ENECOM Energia Communications,Inc., JP
AS12510 0.00% 762 SAP_AG_WDF SAP SE, DE
AS21837 0.00% 757 OPERASOFTWARE - Opera Software Americas LLC, US
AS13213 0.00% 741 UK2NET-AS UK2 - Ltd, GB
AS9619 0.00% 672 SSD Sony Global Solutions Inc., JP
AS19994 0.00% 660 RACKSPACE - Rackspace Hosting, US
AS32934 0.00% 654 FACEBOOK - Facebook, Inc., US
AS25513 0.00% 639 ASN-MGTS-USPD OJS Moscow city telephone network, RU
AS2614 0.00% 608 ROEDUNET Agentia de Admin a Retelei Nationale de Informatica Educatie si Cercetare, RO
Ranked by IPv6 measurement count
37. It’s still not good!
IPv6 Unicast Failure rate: 1.8% (steady)
IPv4 Failure rate: 0.2% (and falling!)
38. What are we looking at:
• How “reliable” are IPv6 connections?
• How “fast” are IPv6 connections?
Do all TCP connection attempts succeed?
Is V6 slower than V4?
40. Why SYNs?
• Every TCP session starts with a SYN
handshake
• Its typically a kernel level operation, which
means that there is little in the way of
application level interaction with the SYN
exchange
• On the downside there is only a single
sample point per measurement
41. Generating a comparative
RTT profile
• For each successful connection couplet (IPv4
and IPv4) from the same endpoint, gather
the pair of RTT measurements from the SYN-
ACK exchanges
• Use the server’s web logs to associate a couplet
of IPv4 and IPv6 addresses
• Use the packet dumps to collect RTT
information from the SYN-ACK Exchange
• Plot the difference in RTT in buckets
43. IPv6 is slowerIPv6 is faster
RTT Difference (in fractions of a second)
Numberofsamples(logscale)
Teredo6 to 4
Unicast
2012 Data
44. IPv6 is slowerIPv6 is faster
RTT Difference (in fractions of a second)
Numberofsamples(logscale)
Unicast
2015 Data – November 2015
45. IPv6 is slowerIPv6 is faster
RTT Difference (in fractions of a second)
Numberofsamples(logscale)
2015 Data – November 2015
6 to 4
46. IPv6 is slowerIPv6 is faster
RTT Difference (in fractions of a second)
Numberofsamples(logscale)
2015 Data – November 2015
6 to 4
Unicast
47. IPv6 is slowerIPv6 is faster
RTT Difference (in fractions of a second)
Proportionofsamples
2015 Data CDF (using 10ms resolution)
6 to 4
Unicast
48. IPv6 is slowerIPv6 is faster
RTT Difference (in fractions of a second)
Proportionofsamples
2015 Data CDF (using 10ms resolution)
6 to 4
Unicast
18% of samples unicast IPv6 is
more than 1/100 sec faster than
IPv4
24% of samples unicast IPv6 is
more than 1/100 sec slower than
IPv4
49. IPv6 is slower
IPv6 is faster
RTT Difference (in fractions of a second)
Proportionofsamples
2015 Data CDF (using 0.1 ms resolution)
6 to 4
Unicast
51. Is IPv6 as “good” as IPv4?
Is IPv6 as fast as IPv4?
Basically, yes
IPv6 is faster about half of the time
For 70% of unicast cases, IPv6 is within 10ms RTT of
IPv4
So they perform at much the same rate
But that’s just for unicast IPv6
The use of 6to4 makes this a whole lot worse!
52. Is IPv6 as “good” as IPv4?
Is IPv6 as robust as IPv4?
IPv4 connection reliability currently sits at 0.2%
The base failure rate of Unicast V6 connection
attempts at 1.8% of the total V6 unicast connections is
not brilliant.
6to4 is still terrible!
It could be better.
It could be a whole lot better!
53. Is IPv6 as “good” as IPv4?
If you can establish a connection, then IPv4
and IPv6 appear to have comparable RTT
measurements across most of the Internet
But the odds of establishing that connection
are still weighted in favour of IPv4!