Ipsos conducted its first quarterly SPEC survey during the period of 28th March to 7th April 2015. The topics covered in this Media Release are: (1) corruption, (2) the al-Shabaab threat, and (3) the digital migration. The questionnaire was finalized immediately after the President’s ‘State of the Nation’ address to parliament. Because the Garissa attack occurred after fieldwork had begun, no questions about this tragic event could be included. However, since about two-thirds of all field interviews had been completed by 2nd April, and the final one-quarter were conducted between 3rd and 7th April, it has been possible to compare responses on certain relevant questions by these two sections of the respondents.

1. © 2012 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information and
may not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
SPEC Barometer
Press Release
Prepared by : Ipsos
Release date : 17th April 2015

2.  Survey Methodology
 Sample Demographics
 Issues:
1. Corruption
 Awareness and Type of Locality-Level Land-Grabbing
 Awareness of Effort to Recover Grabbed Land/Expectations of Success
 Awareness of Scandals Under the Jubilee Government
 Awareness of Chicken-Gate/Outcome-Expectations of Investigations
 Cabinet Secretaries the President Should Sack
 Perception of Impact of President’s Directive on Corruption
2. Somalia Issues
 Awareness of Presence of KDF in Somalia
 Perceived Impact of KDF Presence on Four Related Outcomes
2
Contents

3. Somalia Issues (Con’t)
 Preference on Policy-Options Regarding KDF Presence in Somalia
 General KDF Threat Level in Kenya
 Teachers’ Refusal to Return to Work in NE Kenya
3. Kenya’s Direction / Presidential Performance Approval Level
 Opinion on whether the country is headed in the right or wrong direction
 Approval Level of President’s Performance During the Last 3 Months
4. Digital Migration
 General Media Access
 TV and STB Ownership/Intentions to Buy a STB
 Awareness of February 14 Analog Switch-Off
 Attribution of Blame and Perceived Motivation for Switch-off
3
Contents (con’t)

4. Research Questions: Present and Future
1. How much of a contrast is there between Jubilee vs. CORD supporters, and
for which issues is such a contrast relevant?
2. How much did (which) results change before and after the Garissa attack (i.e.,
how transient/fluid are certain results, based on short-term events)?
3. How much will TV viewing patterns be permanently affected by the Digital
Migration in terms of: (a) total proportion watching TV; (b) shift in audiences
across stations/programmes?
4. How do Kenyans judge presidential performance?
4
Contents (con’t)

5. 5
Methodology

6. Methodology
6
Dates of polling 28th March - 7th April 2015
Sample Size 1,964
Sampling methodology
Random, Multi-stage stratified using PPS
(proportionate to population size)
Universe
Data collection
methodology
Sampling error
Face-to-Face interviews at the household level
Poll funding Ipsos Limited
Kenyan adults, aged 18 and above living
in Urban and Rural areas
+/-2.2% with a 95% confidence level
(Note: Higher error-margins for sub-samples)

7. Statistical Significance: Respondent Numbers and Error-Margins
for: Entire Sample, Before 2nd April , 2nd April and After 2nd April
1,964
1,364
193
4522.20%
2.60%
6.40%
4.60%
0.00%
1.00%
2.00%
3.00%
4.00%
5.00%
6.00%
7.00%
8.00%
9.00%
10.00%
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Total Before 2nd April 2nd April After 2nd April
Sample Size Error-Margin
7

8. Sample Structure Statistics
8
Region
Sample Frame statistics
(April 2015)
*Weighted data
%
Population Census as at 2009
Adults (18 years +)
%
Central 257 13 2,548,038 13
Coast 173 9 1,711,549 9
Eastern 293 15 2,907,293 15
Nairobi 206 10 2,042,770 10
North Eastern 94* 5 929,158 5
Nyanza 257 13 2,547,980 13
Rift Valley 484 25 4,795,482 25
Western 200 10 1,980,090 10
TOTAL 1,964 100 19,462,360 100

9. Quality Control Measures
 For at least 20% of the interviews, a supervisor is present throughout
 Field managers visit at least 15% of the respondents in the sample at their
households to confirm the interviews (i.e. back-checking).
 After the interview data are electronically transmitted to the Ipsos Server: an
independent team then makes random phone calls to 40% of the
respondents to confirm that the interviews were conducted with the said
respondents (i.e., telephonic back-checks).
 Mobile Data Collection Platform captures GPS location (latitudes and
longitudes) of interviews conducted to verify the locations of the
interviewers in the field alongside allowing silent recording.
 Logical data checks are made on selected questionnaire entries to ensure
conformity to the sample’s statistical parameters.
9
Ipsos employs quality control measures to ensure the highest
possible integrity of obtained results/data

10. 10
Respondents’
Demographic Profile:

11. 28%
2%
30%
8%
11%
9%
10%
1%
1%
9%
22%
28%
23%
4%
4%
2%
5%
1%
2%
Catholic
Catholic Charismatic
Mainstream Protestant (ACK,…
SDA
Evangelical
Other Christian
Muslim
Refused To Answer/None
No religion
Public Sector wages/salary
Private sector wages /salary
Gains from self employment/…
Agriculture (own/household farm)
Livestock
Given money by others
Pension from previous employment
Other
Don’t Know
Refused To Answer
Demographic Profile
10%
9%
13%
25%
5%
15%
13%
10%
51%
49%
28%
29%
18%
25%
37%
63%
100%
Nairobi
Coast
Nyanza
Rift Valley
North Eastern
Eastern
Central
Western
Female
Male
18 - 24
25 - 34
35 - 44
45+
Urban
Rural
Kenyans
11
Region
Gender
Age
Setting
Religion
Nationality
Source of Household Income
Base: All Respondents (n=1,964)

12. Demographic Profile
4%
14%
19%
14%
26%
8%
7%
3%
3%
1%
42%
33%
11%
4%
1%
1%
0%
2%
7%
No formal education
Some primary education
Primary education completed
Some secondary education
Secondary education completed
Some middle level college (not…
Completed mid-level college (Not…
Some University education
University education completed
Post Graduate (Masters, MBA, PhD)
Less than 10,000
10,001 – 25,000
25,001 – 40,000
40,001 – 55,000
55,001 – 75,000
75,001 – 100,000
100,001 and above
Has No income
RTA/DK
12
Level of Education
Monthly Household Income (ALL
members of the Household)
Base: All Respondents (n=1,964)

13. Demographic Profile
41%
18%
11%
10%
7%
5%
5%
2%
1%
Self-Employed
Unemployed
Employed in the private sector
Peasant/herder (own farm/pasture)
Casual labour
Employed in the public sector
Student
Retired
Other
13
Employment Status
Base: All Respondents (n=1,964)

14. 14
Corruption

15. “Are you aware of any land in this locality that was public but is
now owned by a private individual/company due to corruption?”:
by Total, Region
15
15%
29%
24%
16%
11% 11% 10% 10%
7%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
Total
(n=1,964)
Coast
(n=173)
Nairobi
(n=206)
Rift Valley
(n=484)
Central
(n=257)
Nyanza
(n=257)
Eastern
(n=293)
North
Eastern
(n=94)
Western
(n=200)
% Saying “Yes”

16. Those Aware of Any Land in the Locality That Was Public But is
Now Owned by a Private Individual/Company Due to Corruption:
by Total, Region
16
15%
17%
15%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
Total (n=1,964) CORD Supporters (n=623) Jubilee Supporters (n=867)

17. Original Intended Use of the Grabbed Public Land:
by Those Aware of Any Such Land
17
3%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
2%
2%
3%
9%
10%
28%
35%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Unspecified
Cemetery
Sports grounds
Coffee factory
Playground
Residential Land
Slaughterhouse
Nature/Wildlife/Forest
Defense/Military/Police
Infrastructure (Railway Line)
Medical Facility
Agricultural
Communal
School/Educational Facility
71% of Those Aware Believe Such Recovery
Efforts Will Succeed
34% - Aware of Efforts to Recover the Land

18. Awareness of Any Corruption Scandals Under the Jubilee
Government: by Total, Region
18
57%
74% 73%
60%
52% 50%
47% 45%
37%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total
(n=1,964)
Nairobi
(n=206)
Nyanza
(n=257)
Rift Valley
(n=484)
Central
(n=257)
Coast
(n=173)
Western
(n=200)
Eastern
(n=293)
North
Eastern
(n=94)

19. Awareness of Particular Corruption Scandals Under the Jubilee
Government (Multiple Response):
by Those Aware of Any Such Scandals (29 Mentions)
19
Base: n=1,114
6%
3%
4%
4%
5%
7%
7%
13%
17%
19%
23%
25%
31%
33%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Other
Lang'ata Primnary School Land Grab
Malili Ranch
Fake Pastors
KCSE Exam Leakage
Ruto Jet Hire
Government Officials (Unspecified)
Standard Gauge Railway
Laptop Project
Coast Land Issues
Police Recruitment Scandal
Anglo-Leasing
Karen Land
Chicken-Gate (IIEC/IEBC/Examinations council)

20. 20
11%
17%
8%
23% 25% 25%
67%
58%
67%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total (n=1,964) CORD Supporters (n=623) Jubilee Supporters (n=867)
Can Name More Than One Can Name One Can’t Name Any
Able to Name Any of the Individuals Named in Chicken-Gate:
by Total, Supporters of the Main Political Parties/Coalitions

21. “Do you think those mentioned actually received a bribe?”:
by Those Able to Mention at Least One Chicken-Gate Suspect -
Total, Region
21
71%
84%
79%
76%
72% 70% 69% 68%
45%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% Saying “Yes”

22. 22
30% 26%
38%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total (n=467) CORD Supporters (n=214) Jubilee Supporters (n=180)
Those Confident That Those Named Will Be Convicted:
by Those Who Can Name Any of Those Mention in Chicken-Gate –
by Total, Supporters of the Main Political Parties/Coalitions
Those Who Believe Those Named Actually Received the Alleged Bribes: by
Those Who Can Name Any of Those Mentioned in Chicken-Gate - by Total,
Supporters of the Main Political Parties/Coalitions
71%
82%
63%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total (n=659) CORD Supporters (n=261) Jubilee Supporters (n=284)

23. “Which cabinet secretaries, if any, do you think the President
should sack completely?” (Multiple Response): by Total
23Base: All Respondents (n=1,964)
31%
26%
18%
4%
4%
5%
6%
7%
9%
12%
19%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50%
None
Don't Know Them
Others (8)
Davis Chirchir (Energy)
Rachelle Omamo (Defence)
Joseph Ole Nkaissery(Interior and Coordination of
National Gov't)
Michael Kamau (Transport and Infrastructure)
Felix Koskei (Agriculture, Livestock, and Fisheries)
Samuel Kazungu Kambi (Labour, Social Security, and
Services)
Jacob Kaimenyi (Education)
Charity Ngilu (Land, Housing, and Urban
Development)

24. “Which cabinet secretaries, if any, do you think the President
should sack completely?” (Multiple Response):
by Supporters of the Main Political Party/Coalitions
24
23%
22%
28%
5%
4%
7%
9%
7%
12%
17%
28%
35%
26%
15%
5%
3%
5%
3%
8%
8%
11%
15%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
None
Don't Know Them
Others
Davis Chirchir (Energy)
Raychelle Omamo (Defence)
Michael Kamau (Transport and
Infrastructure)
Joseph ole Nkaissery(Interior and
Coordination of National Gov't)
Felix Koskei (Agriculture, Livestock, and
Fisheries)
Samuel Kazungu Kambi (Labour, Social
Security, and Services)
Jacob Kaimenyi (Education)
Charity Ngilu (Land, Housing, and Urban
Development)
Jubilee Supporters (867)
CORD Supporters (623)

25. “Which cabinet secretaries, if any, do you think the President
should sack completely?” (Multiple Response): by Total (excluding
those who stated that they “don’t know them”)
25Base: (n=1,452)
26%
16%
12%
10%
8%
7%
6%
5%
4%
3%
3%
3%
3%
9%
42%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Charity Ngilu (Land, Housing and Urban Development)
Jacob Kaimenyi (Education)
Samuel Kazungu Kambi (Labour, Social Security and Services)
Felix Koskei (Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries)
Michael Kamau (Transport and Infrastructure)
Joseph Ole Nkaissery(Interior and Coordination of National G
Davis Chirchir (Energy and Petroleum)
Rayechelle Omamo (Defence)
Anne Waiguru (Devolution and Planning)
Henry Rotich (National Treasury)
James Wainaina Macharia (Health)
Fred Matiangi (Information, Communication and Technology)
Phyllis Kipkingor–Kandie (EAC Affairs, Commerce and Tourism)
Others (5%)
None

26. “Do you think the President's recent directive on corruption will
actually reduce it?”: by Total, Supporters of the Main Political
Parties/Coalitions
26
50%
38%
63%
29%
41%
20%21% 22%
17%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total (n=1,964) CORD Supporters (n=623) Jubilee Supporters (n=867)
YES NO Not Sure

27. “Do you think the President's recent directive on corruption will
help reduce it?”: by Total, Those Who Approve/Disapprove of the
President’s Performance Over the Last 3 Months
27
50%
58%
27%
29%
24%
46%
21%
17%
27%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total (n=1,964) Approve (n=1,453) Disapprove (n=451)
YES NO Not Sure

28. 28
Somalia Issues

29. “In which neighbouring country is the Kenyan military currently
deployed as part of an international/African Union force?”:
by Total, Region
29Base: All Respondents (n=1,964)
73%
79% 78% 77%
72% 72% 71%
66%
57%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Total
(n=1,964)
Nairobi
(n=206)
Nyanza
(n=257)
Rift Valley
(n=484)
North
Eastern
(n=94)
Eastern
(n=293)
Coast
(n=173)
Central
(n=257)
Western
(n=200)
% Saying “Somalia”

30. “Do you think the presence of the KDF in Somalia will make the
following more likely,…?”: by Those Aware of KDF Presence in
Somalia
30
36%
49%
26%
34%
47%
38%
49%
39%
13% 11%
20%
17%
4% 2%
5%
10%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
A unified and stable
country under the new
Government of Somalia
An increase in terrorist
attacks in Kenya
Refugees able to return to
their homes in Somalia
The military defeat of al-
Shabaab
More Likely Less Likely No Difference Not Sure
Base: Those Aware of KDF Presence in Somalia (n=1,492)

31. Those Believing Each of the Following Will be “More Likely”:
by Those Aware of the KDF Presence in Somalia
31
36%
49%
26%
34%
39%
48%
28%
37%
31%
58%
23%
29%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
A unified and stable
country under the new
Government of
Somalia
An increase in terrorist
attacks in Kenya
Refugees able to
return to their homes
in Somalia
The military defeat of-
Shabaab
Total (n=1,492) Before 2nd April (n=989) After 2nd April (n=357)
10% Increase

32. Perceived Impact of KDF Action in Somalia on 4 Issue-Outcomes:
by Total of Those (80%) Aware of KDF Presence in Somalia
32Base: Those Aware of KDF Presence in Somalia
% saying “MORE LIKELY”
54%
68%
47%
40% 38%
46%
49%
36%
26%
56%
41%
56%
45% 45%
55%
49%
39%
49%
38%
45%
31%
33%
57%
26%
48%
56%
45% 49%
38% 43%
50%
34%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
Oct. 2011
(n=1,618)
Nov. 2013
(n=1,762)
March 2014
(n=1,482)
May 2014
(n=1,693)
Sept. 2014
(n=1,601)
Nov.
2014(n=1,611)
Dec.2014
(n=1,806)
April 2015
(n=1,492)
A unified and stable country under the new Govt of Somalia
An increase in terrorist attacks in Kenya
Refugees able to return to their homes in Somalia
The military defeat of al-Shabaab

33. Preferences on Future Policy Regarding the KDF in Somalia:
by Those Aware of the KDF Presence in Somalia
33
27%
14% 13%
45%
1%
26%
14% 14%
44%
1%
27%
11%
14%
48%
1%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
They should just
remain in Somalia
They should be
brought back to
Kenya only if they are
replaced by troops
from other African
countries
They should be
brought back to
Kenya whether they
are replaced or not
They should be
brought back to
Kenya and deployed
at various border
points
Not Sure
Total (n=1,492) Before 2nd April (n=989) After 2nd April (n=357)
4% Increase

34. “Altogether, do you approve or disapprove of the continued
presence of the KDF in Somalia?”:
by Those Aware of the KDF Presence in Somalia
34
51%
53%
48%48%
46%
51%
1% 1% 1%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total (n=1,492) Before 2nd April (n=989) After 2nd April (n=357)
Approve Disapprove No Opinion
5% Decrease

35. “How much of a threat do you think al-Shabaab is to Kenya as of
now?: by Total, Before/After 2nd April
35
70%
18%
8%
2% 2%
66%
20%
10%
2% 3%
80%
14%
4%
1% 0%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Very Much a
Threat
Somewhat of a
Threat
Not Much of a
Threat
Not at All a Threat Not Sure
Total (n=1,964) Before 2nd April (n=1,394 After 2nd April (n=452)
14% Increase

36. “Do you agree or disagree with the teachers who have refused to
return to teach at their schools in North Eastern Kenya?”:
by Those Aware of the Refusal of Teachers Who Have Refused to Return to
Their Schools in North Eastern Kenya – Total, Region
36
88%
96%
93% 93%
89% 88% 87%
82%
59%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total
(n=1,543)
Nyanza
(n=227)
Western
(n=118)
Eastern
(n=-244)
Nairobi
(n=182)
Rift Valley
(n=380)
Coast
(n=115)
Central
(n=187)
North
Eastern
(n=90)
% Saying “Agree”

37. “Do you agree or disagree with the teachers who have refused to
return to teach at their schools in NE Kenya?”:
by Those Aware of the Teachers’ Refusal to Return to Duty in North
Eastern Kenya, Before/After 2nd April
37
89% 87%
93%
11% 13%
7%
1% 1% 1%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total (n=1,593) Before 2nd April (n=1,052) After 2nd April (n=389)
Agree Disagree Not sure
6% Increase

38. 38
General State of the
Nation/
President’s
Performance

39. “In your opinion, are things in Kenya generally going in the right or
the wrong direction?”: by Total, Before/After 2nd April
39
29%
32%
20%
52%
49%
60%
12% 13% 11%
7% 6%
9%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total (n=1,964) Before 2nd April (n=1,364) After 2nd April (n-452)
Right Direction Wrong Direction
Neither Right Nor Wrong Direction Not Sure
11% Increase

40. “In your opinion, are things in Kenya generally going in the right or
the wrong direction?”: by Total, Supporters of the Main Political
Party/Coalitions
40
29%
52%
12%
7%
13%
74%
8%
5%
41%
35%
14%
9%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Right Direction Wrong Direction Neither Right Nor
Wrong Direction
Not Sure
Total (n=1,964) CORD Supporters (n=622) Jubilee Supporters (n=867)

41. “On the whole, thinking about Kenya today, are things generally
going in the right or wrong direction?” – Trend Analysis
41
29% 30%
26%
29%
32%
29%
64% 62% 60% 58%
52% 52%
7% 7%
13% 14% 16%
19%
Nov. 2013 Feb. 2014 May 2014 Sept. 2014 Nov. 2014 Apr. 2015
Right Direction Wrong Direction Neither Right Nor Wrong/Not Sure

42. “Overall, do you approve or disapprove of the President’s
performance over the last three months?”
by Total, Supporters of the Main Political Parties/Coalitions
42
73%
53%
91%
24%
44%
7%
3% 3% 2%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total (n=1,964) CORD Supporters (n=622) Jubilee Supporters (n=867)
Approve Disapprove No Opinion

43. “Overall, do you approve or disapprove of the President’s
performance over the last three months?”
(By Total, Before/After 2nd April)
43
73%
76%
66%
24%
21%
32%
2% 2% 2%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total (n=1,964) Before 2nd April (n=1,364) After 2nd April (n-452)
Approve Disapprove No Opinion
10% Decline

44. “Overall, do you approve or disapprove of the President’s
performance over the last three months?” – Trend Analysis
44
78%
73%
22% 24%
0%
3%
Nov. 2014 Apr. 2015
Approve Disapprove No opinion

45. 45
Digital Migration

46. Main Usual Source of News Over the Last Year: by Total
46
Radio, 58%
Newspapers, 2%
TV, 31%
Internet, 4%
Friends/Family/Colle
agues, 3%
None, 1%
Base: All Respondents (n=1,964)

47. YES,
38% NO,
62%
TV Ownership and Access
47
YES,
45%
NO,
55%
“Is there a television set in
your household?”
Base: All Respondents (n=1,964)
“Do you ever watch television
somewhere else?”
Base: Those saying that they do not have a TV
in the household (n=1,087)
61%
35%39%
65%
Urban (n=729) Rural (n=1,235)
YES NO
44%
35%
56%
65%
Urban (n=286) Rural (n=801)
YES NO

48. Set-Top Box Ownership
48
YES,
49%
NO,
51%
“Do you have a set-top box?”
Base: Those with a TV in the
Household (n=877)
One
96%
Two 3%Three
1%
“How many?”
Base: Those saying that they have a set-top
box in the household (n=427)
54%
43%46%
57%
Urban (n=443) Rural (n=434)
YES NO

49. Intention to Acquire a Set-Top Box
49
YES,
65%
NO,
35%
“Are you or is the head of
your household planning to
buy a set-top box?”
Base: Those without a set-top
box in the household (n=449)
When I
have the
money to
afford it
49%
Within
the next
month
26%
In a week
or two
4%
In the
next few
days
1%
Not sure
21%
“When are you
planning to buy it?”
Base: Those saying that they intend to acquire a set-
top box in the household (n=291)
65% 64%
35% 36%
Urban (n=203) Rural (n=246)
YES NO

50. Awareness of Digital Migration Switch-Off
50
One or
more of
Kenya’s
local
channel
s were
off air,
70%
Nothing,
30%
“What change in television
broadcasting did you
notice or hear about earlier
this year?”
Base: All Respondents
(n=1,964)
88%
80%
75%
53%
12%
CITIZEN
KTN
NTV
Q-TV
Incorrect answer
“Which TV channels
were off-air?”
Base: Those aware that any
TV stations were switched-
off (n=1,381)
YES
55%
NO
45%
“Are you able to
view them?”
Base: Those who
mentioned any of the
4 stations that were
switched-off (n=1,265)
78%
66%
22%
34%
Urban (n=729) Rural (n=1,235)
Switch-off Nothing

51. “Who do you think is responsible for these channels going off?”:
by Those Aware of the Analog Switch-Off
51
Base: Those aware of TV stations that were
switched-off (n=1,381)
Jubilee Govt, 40%
CA, 14%
Min.of
Information/C.S.
Matiangi, 10%
The Media Houses,
7%
The Supreme Court,
1%
Chinese
Companies, 1%
DK, 23%
Total Government: 64%

52. “Who do you think is responsible for these channels going off?”:
by Those Aware of the Analog Switch-Off
52
Base: Those aware of TV stations that were
switched-off (n=1,381)
40%
14%
10%
7%
1% 1%
23%
49%
15%
10%
4%
0% 1%
15%
34%
15%
10% 8%
2% 1%
28%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total (n=1,381) CORD Supporters (n=484) Jubilee Supporters (n=624)
Total Government

53. “What do you think is the main reason this happened?”:
by Those Aware of the Analog Digital Switch-Off
53
Base: Those aware of TV stations that were
switched-off (n=1,381)
Financial Gain, 19%
Control of Media,
26%
Both Financial Gain
and Control of
Media, 13%
DK, 24%
Media Houses Failed
to Prepare for Digital
Migration, 17%
Political Motivation,
1%

54. “What do you think is the main reason this happened?”:
by Supporters of the Main Political Parties/Coalitions (Among
Those Aware of the Analog Digital Switch-Off
54
Base: Those aware of TV stations that were switched-off (n=1,381)
26%
19%
17%
13%
1%
24%
27%
19%
16%
17%
1%
19%
28%
18%
17%
10%
0%
26%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
Control of media Financial Gain Media Houses
Failed to Prepare
for Digital
Migration
Both Financial
Gain and Control
of Media
Political
Motivation
DK
Total (n=1,381) CORD Supporters (n=484) Jubilee Supporters (n=624)

55. Perceptions of Media vs. Government Responsibility for the
Switch-Off: by Those Aware of the Analog Switch-Off
31%
71%
57%
21%
12%
8%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Do you think the media houses that were
switched-off did enough to prepare for the
digital migration? (n=1,381)
Do you think they should have been given
more time? (n=1,381)
YES NO Not sure
55

56. For further information contact:
Dr Tom Wolf
Social Political Consultant
tpwolf1944@gmail.com
Victor Rateng
Project Manager - Opinion Polls
victor.rateng@ipsos.com
Follow us on twitter: @IpsosKe
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