Philosophical methodology encompasses the methods used to philosophize and the study of these methods. Methods of philosophy are procedures for conducting research, creating new theories, and selecting between competing theories. In addition to the description of methods, philosophical methodology also compares and evaluates them.

9. What is Reflection?
Reflection is the process of
examining or thinking deeply
about our experiences and
perceptions. It is fundamental
to human consciousness and
plays a crucial role in how we
interpret and make sense of
our existence.

10. What is Reflection?
Through reflection, we develop
our understanding of
ourselves, others, and the
world around us. It helps us
process events, form beliefs,
and create meaning from our
lived experiences.

17. Primary Reflection: Definition
Primary reflection represents our immediate,
analytical approach to understanding
experiences. It is characterized by:
• Breaking down experiences into separate
components
• Calculating and measuring discrete aspects
• Approaching reality as a set of problems to solve

18. Primary Reflection: Definition
This mode of thinking treats experiences as
objects that can be separated from the self. It
creates distance between the thinker and what
is thought about, focusing on facts, evidence,
and observable phenomena.

19. Primary Reflection: Definition
This mode of thinking treats experiences as
objects that can be separated from the self. It
creates distance between the thinker and what
is thought about, focusing on facts, evidence,
and observable phenomena.

21. Example of Primary Reflection
Car Accident Analysis
Documenting the sequence of events,
measuring skid marks, calculating speeds,
determining which driver violated traffic rules,
and filing an insurance claim.

22. Example of Primary Reflection
Medical Diagnosis
Identifying symptoms, ordering appropriate
tests, analyzing results against medical
knowledge, and formulating a treatment plan
based on clinical guidelines.

23. Example of Primary Reflection
Academic Assessment
Checking answers against a key, counting
errors, calculating percentage scores, and
assigning grades based on predetermined
criteria.

24. Secondary Reflection: Definition
Secondary reflection moves beyond the
analytical to embrace a more holistic approach
to understanding. It is characterized by:
• Reintegrating previously divided aspects of
experience
• Recognizing the inseparability of self from
experience
• Considering the meaning and significance of
events

25. Secondary Reflection: Definition
This deeper form of reflection seeks to recover
the unity of experience that primary reflection
has fragmented. It acknowledges mystery and
embraces the subjective nature of human
existence, exploring how experiences
transform our understanding of ourselves and
our place in the world.

26. Example of Secondary
Reflection
Car Accident meaning
Contemplating how the
accident reveals your mortality,
questioning priorities in life,
reconsidering relationships with
loved ones, and reflecting on
how the experience has
changed your perspective on
taking risks.

27. Example of Secondary
Reflection
Holistic Healing
Considering how illness affects
the patient's sense of identity,
exploring ways to preserve
dignity during treatment, and
understanding the emotional
impact on family relationships
and support systems.

28. Example of Secondary
Reflection
Educational Growth
Reflecting on how assessment
practices affect student
motivation, considering the
ethical dimensions of
evaluation, and exploring how
grades shape students' self-
perception and learning
journey.

30. Reflection is not exclusive for
philosophy in fact it is employed in
any endeavour, research or
disciplines. In research it is called
methodological approach. Moral
theology employs the STOP sign as
guidepost of moral decision making.

31. Search out the facts. It is necessary
that all means should be exhausted to
better understand the issue.

32. Think, reflect and analyse the facts, its
negative or positive effects, advantages
or disadvantages.

33. How it affects Others. We should
always consider others in every decision
that we make. Every action that we take
has always a social dimension. It affects
ourselves, others and community where
we belong.

34. Lastly P, stands for Pray.

35. In order to reflect philosophically we
need to use a framework. A
framework is a conceptual map
consisting of our views and beliefs
which affects the way we view the
world (Abella 2016).

36. According to Ken Wilber everything
can be analysed using a...

37. According to Ken Wilber everything
can be analysed using a...
- philosopher/psychologist
- All Quadrants All Levels
(AQAL framework)
- Book: Sex, Ecology,
Spirituality.

38. According to Ken Wilber everything
can be analysed using a...

39. According to Ken Wilber everything
can be analysed using a...

40. According to Ken Wilber everything
can be analysed using a...
interior exterior

41. Another basic distinction was
introduced by Ken Wilber using a...

42. Another basic distinction was
introduced by Ken Wilber using a...
singular
plural

43. mind body
culture society

54. Do a quadratic analysis on the importance of
education using the diagram below:
Importanc
e of
Education

55. Using the picture provided, think of
at least two (2) primary reflections
and two secondary reflections.
Remember: A primary reflection is a
direct and immediate response to the
image, while a secondary reflection is a
more in-depth and analytical
interpretation of the image's meaning