focus on questions in critical thinking

1. Reflection and Critical Thinking as Philosophical
Tools (Reflection and Critical Thinking)

2. Warm-Up: Rethinking
Beliefs
• Have you ever changed your mind about
something important? Why?
• What caused you to reconsider your belief
or decision?
➤ Share brief insights. Highlight how
reflection and critical thinking influence
changes in beliefs.

3. What is Reflection?
Reflection:
Thinking deeply about
one’s experiences, actions,
or beliefs.
Levels of Reflection:
• Surface-level: Reactions or
preferences
• Deep-level: Questioning
assumptions and finding
meaning

4. What is Critical Thinking?
Critical Thinking:
Logical, objective analysis
of ideas, beliefs, and
experiences.
Involves
evidence-based
reasoning
Helps in making
fair and informed
judgments
Encourages healthy
skepticism and open-
mindedness

5. Everyday Examples of Reflection &
Critical Thinking
• Social Media: Do I believe everything I see
or read?
• Academic Choices: Am I pursuing what I
truly want?
• Friendships: Should I speak out or stay
silent in conflict?
• ➤ These situations require reflection and
reasoned thinking.

6. Ethical Dilemma for Class Discussion
A friend cheats on a test and asks you not to
tell. What should you do?
➤ Reflect individually and discuss as a class
using moral reasoning.

7. Deepening Reflection Through
Dialogue
• Dialogue refines our reasoning and ideas
• Listening to others brings deeper
understanding
• Helps build empathy and shared insight
➤ Dialogue is not debate—it is collaboration
toward truth.

8. Activity 1. Reflect on a Recent
Decision
Guide Questions:
• What was the decision?
• How did you make it?
• Did you consider other perspectives?
• What role did logic, emotion, or reflection
play?

9. Thank YOU!