This document summarizes an Internet of Things (IoT) meetup that covered various topics: - Introduction to IoT and how objects can transfer data over networks. - Introduction to cloud computing and how resources are shared over the internet. - IoT architecture including things, gateways, and networks/cloud. - IoT gateways like Raspberry Pi that interface devices and cloud. - Sensor interfaces like XBee and RS-485 that connect to gateways. - Network interfaces like WiFi and GPRS to connect gateways to cloud. - Cloud architecture models from various sources. - Data acquisition from devices using open-source Ponte software. - Data storage

1. December 18th, 2014
Cloud Architecture
Internet of Everything Meetup
Mumbai, India

2. • Introduction to Internet of Things
• Introduction to the Cloud
• IOT Architecture
• IOT Gateways
• IOT Sensor Interfaces
• IOT Network Interfaces
• Cloud Architecture
• Data Acquisition
• Data Storage and Aggregation
• Data Analytics
• User Interfaces
Contents

3. Introduction to Internet of Things

4. Introduction to Internet of Things
Source: Wikipedia

5. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a scenario in which objects, animals or people are provided with unique
identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-
computer interaction. IoT has evolved from the convergence of wireless technologies, micro-
electromechanical systems and the Internet.
A thing, in the Internet of Things, can be a person with a heart monitor implant, a farm animal with a
biochip transponder, an automobile that has built-in sensors to alert the driver when tire pressure is low -
- or any other natural or man-made object that can be assigned an IP address and provided with the
ability to transfer data over a network. So far, the Internet of Things has been most closely associated
with machine-to-machine (M2M) communication in manufacturing and power, oil and gas utilities.
Products built with M2M communication capabilities are often referred to as being smart.
Introduction to Internet of Things

6. Introduction to the Cloud

7. Introduction to the Cloud
Source: Wikipedia

8. Cloud computing is typically defined as a type of computing that relies on sharing computing
resources rather than having local servers or personal devices to handle applications.
In cloud computing, the word cloud (also phrased as "the cloud") is used as a metaphor for "the
Internet," so the phrase cloud computing means "a type of Internet-based computing," where different
services — such as servers, storage and applications —are delivered to an organization's computers
and devices through the Internet.
Introduction to the Cloud

9. IoT Architecture

10. IoT Architecture
Source: Dzone

11. An IOT platform has basically three building blocks
1. Things
2. Gateway
3. Network and Cloud
IoT Architecture
Source: Intel

12. IoT Gateway

13. The heart of a cloud platform could use open source boards like the Raspberry Pi, Beaglebone Black,
Intel Galileo etc. These are usual Linux boards that run different flavours of Linux like Raspbian on the
Raspberry Pi, Angstrom on the Beaglebone etc. These boards interface with devices on the one hand
and the cloud platform on the other.
IoT Gateway
Beaglebone Back Raspberry Pi Intel Galileo

14. IoT Sensor Interfaces

15. Let’s take a look at the device interfaces. So for example, devices could interface with the Raspberry
Pi over RS-485, and Xbee. An RS-485 network allows a multi-dropped serial wired network allowing a
host of devices to connect. The Xbee creates a wireless mesh network allowing large number of
wireless devices to connect. These are open source interfaces and allows creation of a large sensor
network. We could also use the GPIO on the Raspberry Pi for physical inputs.
Sensor Interfaces
Xbee Mesh network
Raspberry Pi
RS-485 to Serial

16. IoT Network Interfaces

17. The next interface we look at is the cloud interface. This is achieved using a simple WiFi dongle or a GPRS shield. The
WiFi dongle interfaces over USB and the GPRS shield uses the serial interface. Also available is the Ethernet port
which could be used for interface.
Network Interfaces
GPRS shield
Wi-Fi dongle
Raspberry Pi

18. Cloud Architecture

19. Cloud Architecture
Source: iotechnology.com

20. Cloud Architecture
Source: Microsoft

21. Cloud Architecture
Source: Aeris

22. Cloud Data Acquisition

23. Cloud Data Acquisition
Now lets take a look at data acquisition on the Cloud platform. I’d recommend use of a very good open-source
implementation called Ponte, developed by Matteo Collina (@matteocollina). It supports three of the most widely
used protocols for gateway interfaces, namely HTTP, MQTT and COAP. It support multiple databases like
MongoDB, Redis and LevelDB. Also has an inbuilt pub-sub mechanism for publishing and subscribing to other
devices over multiple protocols.

24. Data Analytics

25. Data Analytics

26. User Interfaces

27. Cloud View
The Cloud view requires connecting to a data store, web server/ framework for handling requests and a robust client-
side library. I’d recommend using the open-source MEAN stack (MongoDB, Expressjs, AngularJS and Node.js)

28. Thank You.
Anand George
Software Developer,
MachinePulse, Mumbai
@anandgeor
@machine_pulse MachinePulse MachinePulse machinepulse.in