This is a response to the Norwegian Research Council Verdict call - "The future Internet" of 2009. The response is an open science project to investigate "Which mechanisms provide society with Intellectual Wealth of the greatest value", and will provide the theoretical background for the Genero project.
This document is CC-BY-SA licensed.
This document discusses how web 2.0 technologies are impacting government activities and policies. It begins by providing examples of how citizens are using web 2.0 tools to monitor government activities and provide feedback. This includes projects like Peer-to-Patent, Patient Opinion, and farmsubsidy.org. The document then argues that governments should embrace these grassroots initiatives rather than try to control them. It suggests governments should promote digital literacy, publish open data, and support bottom-up projects through funding. Finally, it presents a vision for a more transparent and participatory model of e-government that leverages web 2.0 approaches.
Government 2.0 / Open Government Introductory Keynote at Pan European ePartic...Anke Domscheit-Berg
This is a presentation I held as keynote on Open Government / Government 2.0 at the Pan European eParticipation Summit (PepNet) at 23. Sept 2010 in Hamburg, Germany. The presentation is in English. The event hashtag was #pepsum.
An introduction to Government 2.0, Anke Domscheit-BergPEP-NET
This document summarizes Anke Domscheit-Berg's presentation on Government 2.0. It discusses how new technologies have changed citizen expectations for interacting with government. Government 2.0 uses an open government strategy based on transparency, collaboration and participation principles and powered by internet technologies. Examples discussed include open data initiatives in Vancouver and the US that have led to valuable apps being developed by citizens. Germany and North Rhine-Westphalia are discussed as implementing open government strategies including open data and new participation methods. Benefits include increased efficiency and engagement through open data and crowdsourcing apps.
This document summarizes open data definitions and licensing models. It discusses what open data is, including that it is a model to extract value from public sector information by using data to build new tools and services. Open data refers to data that can be freely used, modified, and shared by anyone for any purpose. The document outlines several open data definitions and principles, including from the Open Knowledge Foundation and their Open Definition. It also discusses open data licensing models and provides examples of open government data programs from countries like the US, UK, and Australia.
The Finnish e-participation environment - IIEP IJW2011Teemu Ropponen
The Finnish e-participation environment - presentation at Immigrant Intergration by e-participation International Joint Workshop 2011, Helsinki, Nov 2-3
presented at FutureGov Hong Kong in March 2010 - an examination of opportunities for citizen engagement and Gov 2.0 and review of examples from the Department of Justice and Victorian Government
Reframing Web 2.0 as a Public Service for the Right to CommunicateSebastian Deterding
This document proposes conceptualizing the internet as a public service with 8 modules to ensure universal access and participation. It suggests 3 layers - content, logical, and physical - each with "right to read" and "right to write" aspects. Public services would cover essential modules, while civil society and Web 2.0 technologies fill remaining gaps by making content consumable and shareable with open protocols and hosting. Potential problems include safeguarding freedom of expression and critical infrastructure. Next steps are to extend the model beyond media and address privacy.
This document discusses how web 2.0 technologies are impacting government activities and policies. It begins by providing examples of how citizens are using web 2.0 tools to monitor government activities and provide feedback. This includes projects like Peer-to-Patent, Patient Opinion, and farmsubsidy.org. The document then argues that governments should embrace these grassroots initiatives rather than try to control them. It suggests governments should promote digital literacy, publish open data, and support bottom-up projects through funding. Finally, it presents a vision for a more transparent and participatory model of e-government that leverages web 2.0 approaches.
Government 2.0 / Open Government Introductory Keynote at Pan European ePartic...Anke Domscheit-Berg
This is a presentation I held as keynote on Open Government / Government 2.0 at the Pan European eParticipation Summit (PepNet) at 23. Sept 2010 in Hamburg, Germany. The presentation is in English. The event hashtag was #pepsum.
An introduction to Government 2.0, Anke Domscheit-BergPEP-NET
This document summarizes Anke Domscheit-Berg's presentation on Government 2.0. It discusses how new technologies have changed citizen expectations for interacting with government. Government 2.0 uses an open government strategy based on transparency, collaboration and participation principles and powered by internet technologies. Examples discussed include open data initiatives in Vancouver and the US that have led to valuable apps being developed by citizens. Germany and North Rhine-Westphalia are discussed as implementing open government strategies including open data and new participation methods. Benefits include increased efficiency and engagement through open data and crowdsourcing apps.
This document summarizes open data definitions and licensing models. It discusses what open data is, including that it is a model to extract value from public sector information by using data to build new tools and services. Open data refers to data that can be freely used, modified, and shared by anyone for any purpose. The document outlines several open data definitions and principles, including from the Open Knowledge Foundation and their Open Definition. It also discusses open data licensing models and provides examples of open government data programs from countries like the US, UK, and Australia.
The Finnish e-participation environment - IIEP IJW2011Teemu Ropponen
The Finnish e-participation environment - presentation at Immigrant Intergration by e-participation International Joint Workshop 2011, Helsinki, Nov 2-3
presented at FutureGov Hong Kong in March 2010 - an examination of opportunities for citizen engagement and Gov 2.0 and review of examples from the Department of Justice and Victorian Government
Reframing Web 2.0 as a Public Service for the Right to CommunicateSebastian Deterding
This document proposes conceptualizing the internet as a public service with 8 modules to ensure universal access and participation. It suggests 3 layers - content, logical, and physical - each with "right to read" and "right to write" aspects. Public services would cover essential modules, while civil society and Web 2.0 technologies fill remaining gaps by making content consumable and shareable with open protocols and hosting. Potential problems include safeguarding freedom of expression and critical infrastructure. Next steps are to extend the model beyond media and address privacy.
Semantic Technology Solutions For Recovery Gov And Data Gov With Transparenc...Mills Davis
The Obama administration has set the goal of achieving and unprecedented level of openness, participation, transparency, and collaboration in government. This applies especially to the accessibility of government information and the tracking of stimulus expenditures. This presentation discusses ways that cloud computing, web 2.0, and web 3.0 semantic technologies can be used to deliver citizen-friendly solutions for recovery.gov and data.gov that fulfill the goals of the new administration.
This document summarizes key issues around the regulation of digital media. It discusses how digital technologies have disrupted traditional media business models and the increased demand for legal certainty in this area. It provides an overview of relevant South African legislation and regulations, including the Constitution, Copyright Act, Electronic Communications Acts, and others. It also discusses issues like defamation, intellectual property, privacy, and user-generated content that digital media companies need to consider.
This document provides an overview and analysis of ethical issues related to Canada's Copyright Modernization Act. The summary discusses:
1) The Act aims to balance copyright holders' rights with public access to information but its provisions around digital locks and the public domain threaten this balance.
2) Digital locks could undermine fair use provisions and limit access to information, even for legal uses. They also do not prevent infringement.
3) The Act fails to adequately address works in the public domain and crown copyright, limiting access to important public information.
4) Restricting access to information through an overbroad use of digital locks and an unclear treatment of the public domain could negatively impact culture by limiting the creative works individuals can
This document discusses transparency in government through the use of web 2.0 technologies. It begins with examples of existing government 2.0 transparency initiatives and explores why transparency matters. A new vision is emerging of a more open and collaborative government that builds on citizen knowledge and participation. The document recommends that governments do no harm, enable others, and actively promote web 2.0 approaches to increase transparency, accountability, and civic engagement.
This document discusses the modern crisis of intellectual property in the digital age. It outlines three main transformations that have disturbed the traditional balance of intellectual property: 1) the commercialization and harmonization of intellectual property internationally which has distorted continental protection systems; 2) the broadening of the definition of piracy and expansion of counter-piracy campaigns to target individual users; 3) the gradual appropriation of public domain through broader definitions of originality and protection of technical and database works. It argues these changes have shifted the focus from protecting authors to controlling access and use through digital rights management technologies, challenging the legitimacy of the current intellectual property system.
This presentation from Form Virium Helsinki discusses and advocates harnessing the innovative capacities of entire communities to bring forth optimal city management. The focus is on overcoming the traditional challenges between public sector organizations and citizens.
Peer To Patent Presentation To Ce Bit Conference 3 Nov 2010 2010v2pptPaulettePaterson
This document discusses a case study of Peer to Patent Australia, a pilot program that tested using public participation to assist in the patent examination process. It allowed registered reviewers to submit prior art to be considered by patent examiners for applications in business methods and computer software. The goals were to improve patent quality and information available to examiners. Key lessons learned included the need for risk minimization, change management, and flexibility. While still conservative, the patent office was able to conduct an innovative trial, laying the foundation for more improvements to the intellectual property system through collaborative governance and open data sharing.
The document discusses the need for a new approach to regulating issues that transcend national borders in the digital age. It argues that the traditional international law model centered around sovereign nation-states is inadequate when applied to the internet and environmental issues. The internet exists everywhere and nowhere, so nation-state control is ineffective. Instead, successful models like ICANN regulate technical issues technically without regard to borders. A similar functional approach may be needed for large-scale environmental problems, with binding commitments primarily from major emitting countries.
co-production @Justice_Vic - online collaboration and citizen engagementPatrick McCormick
The document discusses the Department of Justice Victoria's efforts to engage citizens online through collaboration and participation. It notes that citizens now expect more online services and the ability to participate in government. The department aims to take an agile, collaborative approach using tools like social media to be more transparent and responsive to citizens. The goal is to better serve citizens and help them help themselves through co-production of information and services.
The document discusses the concepts of Web 2.0 and Government 2.0, and how large organizations like the ABC can adopt Web 2.0 approaches. It notes that Web 2.0 is characterized by collaboration over control, with users helping to build value. For Government 2.0, this is even more difficult but follows similar principles. The ABC is encouraged to make more content openly available, engage communities around programs, and get more community-generated content while reducing barriers to online engagement.
The new normal in business intelligenceJohan Blomme
The new normal in business intelligence is about the transformational changes that take place in the digital world and definitely change the nature of BI. Business models in the global marketplace are reshaped through the application of information technology. The Internet is the societal operating system of the 21st century and its underlying infrastructure - the clud computing model - represents a disruptive change. A networked infrastructure, big data from disparate sources and social media among other trends as the self-service model and collaboration are changing the way BI systems are deployed and used.
Open Government has little meaning if not related to the citizens and businesses it serves. An Open Gov 101 is provided together with a current state summary of Open Gov. The core elements of Open Gov are discussed in terms of Citizen Engagement, Open Data, Collaboration and Innovation.
Municipal Open Gov Framework - Work in ProgressJury Konga
Introduces concept of OpenData.CA in the cloud and emphasized the need to Collaborate Now!. Presentation provides a current state of Gov 2.0 and describes considerations related to the components of a framework: Collaboration, Open Data, Organizational culture, policies and standards and technology.
Technologies shall be not invasive in the life of a person.
ICT is only a tool, both for information gathering and information delivering. We can elicit useful information through face-to-face discussions, we HAVE TO understand the most suitable interface for users/citizens.
Business fostered. More users, more trust, more engagement, more feedback, more info to be elaborated by third parties.
Only 7 out 450+ cases found as high relevant for user centricity in Europe. Survey (2011). NET-EUCEN D2.1
European services are aligned with the international panorama
1. The document discusses regulating creativity and knowledge sharing online while preserving vibrant creative markets and non-market spaces. It examines typical responses like intellectual property rights and notes limitations of rational choice models of creativity.
2. It proposes alternative solutions like focusing on conditions of creativity, targeted non-enforcement zones, knowledge sharing over exclusivity, and modular systems. Safe harbors from liability for intermediaries are important to allow fertile online spaces for sharing and building on knowledge.
3. However, safe harbors are threatened by requirements that intermediaries deter infringement and perfect enforcement mechanisms, formalized in international treaties. Maintaining flexibility is important to accommodate fair use and unpredictable creativity.
Finnish e participation_environment_short_10.5.2012Teemu Ropponen
The Finnish e-participation environment project aims to create a set of online tools to enhance dialogue between citizens, politicians, and public servants. The tools will allow citizens to participate in discussions, consultations, initiatives, and monitor representatives. The program runs from 2010-2013 and involves partnerships between the government and municipalities. The goal is to develop an ecosystem of commercial and non-profit services to improve citizen participation.
This document summarizes a presentation on open data in Italy given by Lorenzo Benussi. The presentation provided background on open data and big data trends. It defined key open data concepts like open knowledge definitions and open data licenses. Examples of open data portals from around the world and in Italy were presented. Challenges around open data quality, explanation and engagement were also discussed. The presentation concluded that open data has the potential to transform how information is managed, markets function, and the relationship between government and citizens.
Intellectual property rights in the global creative economy report 2013Giuliano Tavaroli
This document discusses several megatrends driving changes in the global creative economy and intellectual property system. These include new technologies enabling ubiquitous access to content from any location, an increasingly global market, shifting business models away from ownership towards licensed access, greater user involvement in content creation, complex chains of derivative works, and new content distribution and access models using social media and mobile devices. The document aims to help policymakers ensure IP systems adapt to these changes in content creation and consumption.
Semantic Technology Solutions For Recovery Gov And Data Gov With Transparenc...Mills Davis
The Obama administration has set the goal of achieving and unprecedented level of openness, participation, transparency, and collaboration in government. This applies especially to the accessibility of government information and the tracking of stimulus expenditures. This presentation discusses ways that cloud computing, web 2.0, and web 3.0 semantic technologies can be used to deliver citizen-friendly solutions for recovery.gov and data.gov that fulfill the goals of the new administration.
This document summarizes key issues around the regulation of digital media. It discusses how digital technologies have disrupted traditional media business models and the increased demand for legal certainty in this area. It provides an overview of relevant South African legislation and regulations, including the Constitution, Copyright Act, Electronic Communications Acts, and others. It also discusses issues like defamation, intellectual property, privacy, and user-generated content that digital media companies need to consider.
This document provides an overview and analysis of ethical issues related to Canada's Copyright Modernization Act. The summary discusses:
1) The Act aims to balance copyright holders' rights with public access to information but its provisions around digital locks and the public domain threaten this balance.
2) Digital locks could undermine fair use provisions and limit access to information, even for legal uses. They also do not prevent infringement.
3) The Act fails to adequately address works in the public domain and crown copyright, limiting access to important public information.
4) Restricting access to information through an overbroad use of digital locks and an unclear treatment of the public domain could negatively impact culture by limiting the creative works individuals can
This document discusses transparency in government through the use of web 2.0 technologies. It begins with examples of existing government 2.0 transparency initiatives and explores why transparency matters. A new vision is emerging of a more open and collaborative government that builds on citizen knowledge and participation. The document recommends that governments do no harm, enable others, and actively promote web 2.0 approaches to increase transparency, accountability, and civic engagement.
This document discusses the modern crisis of intellectual property in the digital age. It outlines three main transformations that have disturbed the traditional balance of intellectual property: 1) the commercialization and harmonization of intellectual property internationally which has distorted continental protection systems; 2) the broadening of the definition of piracy and expansion of counter-piracy campaigns to target individual users; 3) the gradual appropriation of public domain through broader definitions of originality and protection of technical and database works. It argues these changes have shifted the focus from protecting authors to controlling access and use through digital rights management technologies, challenging the legitimacy of the current intellectual property system.
This presentation from Form Virium Helsinki discusses and advocates harnessing the innovative capacities of entire communities to bring forth optimal city management. The focus is on overcoming the traditional challenges between public sector organizations and citizens.
Peer To Patent Presentation To Ce Bit Conference 3 Nov 2010 2010v2pptPaulettePaterson
This document discusses a case study of Peer to Patent Australia, a pilot program that tested using public participation to assist in the patent examination process. It allowed registered reviewers to submit prior art to be considered by patent examiners for applications in business methods and computer software. The goals were to improve patent quality and information available to examiners. Key lessons learned included the need for risk minimization, change management, and flexibility. While still conservative, the patent office was able to conduct an innovative trial, laying the foundation for more improvements to the intellectual property system through collaborative governance and open data sharing.
The document discusses the need for a new approach to regulating issues that transcend national borders in the digital age. It argues that the traditional international law model centered around sovereign nation-states is inadequate when applied to the internet and environmental issues. The internet exists everywhere and nowhere, so nation-state control is ineffective. Instead, successful models like ICANN regulate technical issues technically without regard to borders. A similar functional approach may be needed for large-scale environmental problems, with binding commitments primarily from major emitting countries.
co-production @Justice_Vic - online collaboration and citizen engagementPatrick McCormick
The document discusses the Department of Justice Victoria's efforts to engage citizens online through collaboration and participation. It notes that citizens now expect more online services and the ability to participate in government. The department aims to take an agile, collaborative approach using tools like social media to be more transparent and responsive to citizens. The goal is to better serve citizens and help them help themselves through co-production of information and services.
The document discusses the concepts of Web 2.0 and Government 2.0, and how large organizations like the ABC can adopt Web 2.0 approaches. It notes that Web 2.0 is characterized by collaboration over control, with users helping to build value. For Government 2.0, this is even more difficult but follows similar principles. The ABC is encouraged to make more content openly available, engage communities around programs, and get more community-generated content while reducing barriers to online engagement.
The new normal in business intelligenceJohan Blomme
The new normal in business intelligence is about the transformational changes that take place in the digital world and definitely change the nature of BI. Business models in the global marketplace are reshaped through the application of information technology. The Internet is the societal operating system of the 21st century and its underlying infrastructure - the clud computing model - represents a disruptive change. A networked infrastructure, big data from disparate sources and social media among other trends as the self-service model and collaboration are changing the way BI systems are deployed and used.
Open Government has little meaning if not related to the citizens and businesses it serves. An Open Gov 101 is provided together with a current state summary of Open Gov. The core elements of Open Gov are discussed in terms of Citizen Engagement, Open Data, Collaboration and Innovation.
Municipal Open Gov Framework - Work in ProgressJury Konga
Introduces concept of OpenData.CA in the cloud and emphasized the need to Collaborate Now!. Presentation provides a current state of Gov 2.0 and describes considerations related to the components of a framework: Collaboration, Open Data, Organizational culture, policies and standards and technology.
Technologies shall be not invasive in the life of a person.
ICT is only a tool, both for information gathering and information delivering. We can elicit useful information through face-to-face discussions, we HAVE TO understand the most suitable interface for users/citizens.
Business fostered. More users, more trust, more engagement, more feedback, more info to be elaborated by third parties.
Only 7 out 450+ cases found as high relevant for user centricity in Europe. Survey (2011). NET-EUCEN D2.1
European services are aligned with the international panorama
1. The document discusses regulating creativity and knowledge sharing online while preserving vibrant creative markets and non-market spaces. It examines typical responses like intellectual property rights and notes limitations of rational choice models of creativity.
2. It proposes alternative solutions like focusing on conditions of creativity, targeted non-enforcement zones, knowledge sharing over exclusivity, and modular systems. Safe harbors from liability for intermediaries are important to allow fertile online spaces for sharing and building on knowledge.
3. However, safe harbors are threatened by requirements that intermediaries deter infringement and perfect enforcement mechanisms, formalized in international treaties. Maintaining flexibility is important to accommodate fair use and unpredictable creativity.
Finnish e participation_environment_short_10.5.2012Teemu Ropponen
The Finnish e-participation environment project aims to create a set of online tools to enhance dialogue between citizens, politicians, and public servants. The tools will allow citizens to participate in discussions, consultations, initiatives, and monitor representatives. The program runs from 2010-2013 and involves partnerships between the government and municipalities. The goal is to develop an ecosystem of commercial and non-profit services to improve citizen participation.
This document summarizes a presentation on open data in Italy given by Lorenzo Benussi. The presentation provided background on open data and big data trends. It defined key open data concepts like open knowledge definitions and open data licenses. Examples of open data portals from around the world and in Italy were presented. Challenges around open data quality, explanation and engagement were also discussed. The presentation concluded that open data has the potential to transform how information is managed, markets function, and the relationship between government and citizens.
Intellectual property rights in the global creative economy report 2013Giuliano Tavaroli
This document discusses several megatrends driving changes in the global creative economy and intellectual property system. These include new technologies enabling ubiquitous access to content from any location, an increasingly global market, shifting business models away from ownership towards licensed access, greater user involvement in content creation, complex chains of derivative works, and new content distribution and access models using social media and mobile devices. The document aims to help policymakers ensure IP systems adapt to these changes in content creation and consumption.
This document provides information about the 10th World Intellectual Capital Conference, which will focus on "Managing Knowledge in Boundless Organizations". The conference will feature presentations and discussions on measuring and leveraging knowledge in organizations that operate across multiple spaces. Specific topics will include knowledge flow in distributed settings, emerging practices for knowledge sharing, and the role of data in new business models. The conference aims to address these issues from different perspectives and provide policy implications. As in previous years, there will be a focus on reviewing country programs related to intellectual capital, with this year's regional focus being on Brazil and its experiences measuring and monitoring knowledge-based capital.
The document summarizes the IADIS International Conference WWW/Internet 2002 that was held in Lisbon, Portugal from November 13-15, 2002. The conference addressed key issues related to the development of the World Wide Web and Internet. It received 240 submissions from over 30 countries, with 58 papers accepted for presentation. The program included keynote speeches, paper presentations, and tutorials on topics such as adaptive web systems, metadata, and identity in online communities. The conference provided a forum for researchers, practitioners, and students to discuss developments related to the World Wide Web and Internet.
The paper describes a conceptual approach for a next-generation innovation paradigm in the Digital Economy called “Embedded Innovation” Innovation 3.0). The notion of “embeddedness” is introduced to mark the increasing challenge of integrating firms into their surrounding communities to
assure the absorption of their exploitable knowledge. Trust is supposed to be the enabling parameter in balancing multiple relationships with communities.
Business Model Innovation for Cultural HeritageRob Blaauboer
This document provides an overview and analysis of business model innovation opportunities for cultural heritage institutions in the digital age. It discusses how digitizing collections can create economic and social value if content is made widely accessible. It presents a model of four "distribution rings" that represent different levels of access cultural works can have, from physical access onsite to full online access with reuse rights granted. The document also surveys recent digital initiatives cultural institutions have taken to engage users and make collections more interactive and social online. The goal is to help institutions understand challenges around digital strategies and services to inform their decision-making.
Bridging the Gap: Intellectual Property Rights and Sustainable Development Go...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : In today's highly developed society, start-ups are proliferating in various fields. However, most
start-up teams lack relevant management knowledge, resulting in a high failure rate. Entrepreneurial activity is a
complex social phenomenon, and businesses must integrate intellectual property rights (IPRs) management to
yield positive outcomes. This study reviews the literature on IPRs in the innovation and entrepreneurship
ecosystem. From over ahundred existing research papers, highly relevant literature was identified and analyzed
to conclude that IPRs management has contributed significantly to knowledge dissemination, sharing, and
protection among companies in the innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem. Simultaneously, companies and
universities should also take social responsibility, and contribute to the achievement of the United Nations
Sustainable Development Goals.
KEYWORDS: Intellectual Property Rights; Patent Protection; Innovation and EntrepreneurshipEcosystem;
Systematic Literature Review Analysis Method; SDGs
F.S. Nucci - Search as an architectural component: searching for a new paradigmFIA2010
The document discusses search as an architectural component and proposes a new paradigm for search in the future internet. It presents PHAROS, a SOA multimedia search platform built with reusable components and web services. PHAROS allows for easy customization and extensibility. The document also outlines challenges in multimodal content search and proposes a shift towards an open innovation and business ecosystem approach for search in multimedia domains.
White Paper: Understanding the Networked Society – new logics for an age of e...Ericsson
Technology has the potential to transform how we organize our lives, businesses and societies. But if the era we are now entering is to be more inclusive, equitable and empowering, we must start by examining the fundamentally different nature of a physical world fueled by digital connectivity.
This document summarizes the key findings of a study on digital social innovation. The study had three objectives: define digital social innovation, map organizations working in the field, and develop policy recommendations. The study found digital social innovation empowers citizens and creates new partnerships. It identified four technology trends in digital social innovation: open hardware, open knowledge, open networks, and open data. The study mapped over 100 organizations and case studied 39. It concluded digital social innovation is led by new types of social innovation organizations and faces skills gaps, but has significant potential if certain policy and funding measures are implemented.
The document discusses the historical context of the four industrial revolutions:
1) Steam power mechanized production. 2) Electricity enabled mass production. 3) Electronics and IT automated production. 4) A fusion of technologies (physical, digital, biological) will revolutionize manufacturing through smart factories and absolute customization.
It then examines the physical, digital, and biological megatrends driving IR 4.0, such as IoT, 3D printing, robotics, and synthetic biology.
The impacts are discussed at the level of the economy, businesses, nations, society, and individuals. New skills will be required, work will change, and public institutions must adapt to disruptive changes. Individual identity and what
The document describes SENSORICA, an open innovation and peer production network based in Montreal. It discusses how open and collaborative networks can accelerate innovation by reducing costs. SENSORICA builds partnerships between traditional stakeholders and new stakeholders using approaches like hackathons and workshops. It has developed an Open Value Network model and infrastructure to support large-scale collaboration and turn networks into economic agents. The document requests funding to improve SENSORICA's physical space and IT infrastructure to further support open innovation.
Masses, Crowds, Communities, Movements. Collective Formations in the Digital ...University of Stuttgart
From prosumers to swarms, crowds, e-movements and e-communities, the Internet allows for new forms of collective behavior and action anywhere on the spectrum between individ- uals and organizations. In all of these cases, online technologies function as connectivity- enhancing tools and have prompted the search for novel or inherently different collective formations and actors on the web.
However, research to date on these new collective formations on the web lacks a sociologi- cally informed and theoretical focus. Instead, loosely defined terms such as “swarm”, “crowd” or “network” are readily used as a catch-all for any formation that cannot be charac- terized as a stable corporate actor. Such terms contribute little to an understanding of the vast range of collective activities on the Internet, namely because the various collective for- mations differ significantly from each other with regard to their size, internal structure, inter- action, institutional dynamics, stability and strategic capability.
In order to bridge this gap, this study investigates two questions: One, how might the very dif- ferently structured collectives on the Internet be classified and distinguished along actor- or action-centered theory? And two, what influence do the technological infrastructures in which they operate have on their formation, structure and activities? For this we distinguish between two main types of collectives: non-organized collectives, which exhibit loosely-coupled col- lective behavior, and collective actors with a separate identity and strategic capability. Further, we examine the newness, or distinctive traits, of online-based collectives, which we identify as being the strong and hitherto non-existent interplay between the technological infrastruc- tures that these collectives are embedded in and the social processes of coordination and insti- tutionalization they must engage in in order to maintain their viability over time. Convention- al patterns of social dynamics in the development and stabilization of collective action are now systematically intertwined with technology-induced processes of structuration.
This document summarizes a report on growing a digital social innovation ecosystem in Europe. Some key findings include:
1) Digital technologies are well-suited to helping civic action by mobilizing communities, sharing resources, and spreading power. Examples of digital social innovations (DSI) range from social networks for health conditions to open data platforms.
2) The report identifies four main technological trends in DSI - open hardware, open networks, open data, and open knowledge. Examples like Safecast and OpenCorporates are provided.
3) Over 990 DSI organizations and 6,000 projects have been mapped. Most projects focus on education and participation. The network is still fragmented with few well-connected
1. Creativity is the underlying process that enables innovation by generating new ideas. Innovation can originate from individuals, firms conducting research and development, universities, government laboratories, and collaborative networks between multiple organizations that leverage each other's resources and capabilities.
2. The most significant source of innovation comes from collaborative networks rather than any single entity, as no single organization possesses all the resources needed for major innovations in many high-technology fields. Collaborative networks allow information and resources to flow more freely between organizations.
Open communities of innovation pioneers: the Musigen case studyGiuseppe Naccarato
We call innovation pioneers the experts in a scientific or technical domain in the early stages
of its development. Advances in information technologies allow networks of organizations
and individuals to exchange ideas and knowledge. Not differently from what has happened in
communities of consumers with the emergence of the so called prosumers, ICT can support
communities of innovation pioneers.
However, the role of IT in this domain has not been studied extensively in the management
literature. Understanding the dynamics of communities of innovation pioneers, instead, can
provide companies with precious knowledge on future breakthrough innovations.
This paper means to deepen our understanding of communities of innovation pioneers and the
role of IT in supporting them.
To achieve this goal, we investigate the case of Musigen, a new web platform with the
purpose to support knowledge sharing in the generative music field.
Similar to InWeave - Intellectual Wealth and Value (20)
FriBit og EFN - svar på høring om styrking av industrielle rettigheterFriBit
Som tittelen sier, dette er FriBit og EFN's høringssvar til Justisdepartementets forslag om styrking av industrielle rettigheter.
Høringssvaret fokuserer på patenter, spesielt programvare og metodepatenter.
The document discusses support for the Genero project from multiple individuals and organizations. It discusses how Genero provides a platform for new business models around free culture to emerge using standards. Supporters include writers, filmmakers, libraries, and a social banking organization. The banking organization believes Genero can provide payment solutions to enable creators to be paid while promoting free knowledge and culture.
The controversy surrounding Copyright has intensified the last year, and there is little indication that it will subside. The digital genie is out of the bottle, and the new economic paradigm surrounding abundance is replacing that of scarcity. Artists and creators fear the future, and ask themselves "How can I make money if anyone can get my stuff for free?"...
Genero is a new distribution and monetization mechanism under development by FriBit, and it is highly relevant for anyone who would like to explore how to make money on creative works in the future.
The presentation is not intended to be used standalone, but accompanies the presentation. NUUG filmed the presentation and it will be made available soon
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Infrastructure Challenges in Scaling RAG with Custom AI modelsZilliz
Building Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems with open-source and custom AI models is a complex task. This talk explores the challenges in productionizing RAG systems, including retrieval performance, response synthesis, and evaluation. We’ll discuss how to leverage open-source models like text embeddings, language models, and custom fine-tuned models to enhance RAG performance. Additionally, we’ll cover how BentoML can help orchestrate and scale these AI components efficiently, ensuring seamless deployment and management of RAG systems in the cloud.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
1. INWEAVE: Intellectual Wealth and Value
Forskerprosjekt proposal to the VERDICT call November 2009
Thor Kristoffersen
Norwegian Computing Center (NR)
PO Box 114 Blindern, NO-0314 Oslo
Øystein Jakobsen
FreeCode and FriBit
Prodromos Tsiavos
London School of Economics
Excecutive summary
The current Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) stalemate is a detriment to society and the free
internet, and new modes of collaborative production and dissemination of creative works are not
fostered in the current regulatory environment.
The objective of the INWEAVE project is to enable a sustainable, future-proof and successful
ecosystem for production, reproduction and distribution of creative works that encourages active
participation rather than passive consumption.
INWEAVE will investigate which mechanisms provide society with Intellectual Wealth of the
greatest value, by performing research into the entire ecosystem around new modes of production
and dissemination. The focus of the research will be on reducing transaction costs at technological,
legal, organisational and normative levels.
INWEAVE will operate in parallel with the Genero project, which will standardise and implement
findings into the Genero ecosystem. INWEAVE will use iterative action research to continually
modify its theories and improve upon mechanisms as the ecosystem and our understanding of it
evolves.
Contact information:
Thor Kristoffersen
Email: thor.kristoffersen@nr.no
Telephone: +47 2285 2588 Project website :
www.inweave.org
2. 1. Relevance
Within the context of the VERDIKT call, INWEAVE addresses the "social networks" topic in two
different columns. First it addresses "societal, economical, and cultural challenges and
opportunities", and second it addresses "user interfaces, information management, and software
technology".
The main objective of INWEAVE is to enable an ecosystem for creative content that fosters
creation of alternative business models and encourages active participation in culture and society
instead of passive consumption. We are currently experiencing a series of profound changes in the
way digital information is produced, disseminated and re-purposed on ubiquitous digital networks.
These changes have led to the introduction of a new model of organising production that Benkler
has described as Commons Based Peer Production (CBPP) [1]. Free/ Open Source Software
(FOSS), Open Content, Hardware, Innovation or even Government are all examples of this new
form of production [2] that has as its basis on the assumption that in an interconnected environment
information production may be achieved not only by providing incentives, but mainly by abolishing
frictions [3].
In order to do this, several objectives must be met. In particular, this ecosystem must be supported
by an information management infrastructure that connects consumers of content to the producers of
content without creating content monopolies in the process. Also, since participation and
involvement in culture is important, there must be a legal framework that facilitates economic
compensation in return for reuse of material without pre-written agreements and with low barriers
for participation.
The traditional entertainment industry is dominated by a small number of large corporations. These
entities operate in a framework of copyright law and rigid legal agreements. Social networks, by
contrast, employ non-traditional distribution modes for creative content, and this type of content
also forms an important part of social networks. While the two forms of distribution, i.e. traditional
entertainment industry vis-a-vis social networks, are often portrayed as antithetical, in fact they are
to a great extent complementary: social networks base a lot of their interactions on commercial
content and the latter is more effectively and efficiently distributed over social networks. The
problem thus increasingly becomes not how to eradicate one of the two, but how to create hybrid
business models where value production may be maximized. Existing research [4] indicates that
such models are both desirable and feasible and may be applied in the private as well as in the
public sector.
The success of the blogging phenomenon and of web sites like YouTube and Flickr are good
examples of how these new distribution modes compete with traditional media. Unfortunately the
legal framework that has grown out of traditional media is ill suited to these new forms of content
production and distribution, so a new licensing framework is also required.
The establishment of the INWEAVE ecosystem is a direct response to the challenge posed by the
VERDIKT program with respect to social networks. Primarily, in the column addressing societal,
economical, and cultural challenges and opportunities, the creation of such an ecosystem and its
associated licensing framework, policies and processes would directly impact participation by
individuals in culture and society, while at the same time enabling novel business models.
Secondarily, in the column addressing information management, the INWEAVE ecosystem requires
a new information management infrastructure.
3. 2. Aspects relating to the research project
2.1. Background and status of knowledge
This section describes the status of the current Intellectual Property Right (IPR) stalemate, followed
by a description of the relationship between INWEAVE and the Genero project.
2.1.1 Status of the IPR stalemate
Overall, we may identify two major issues related to IPR regulation and management. The first one
is a direct result of the mismatch between the existing regulatory framework and the current
material and economic conditions of production. As numerous researchers have indicated in their
work (e.g. Benkler [5], Lessig [6] and Boyle [7]), the management of information production should
be addressing three key classes of issues: (a) coordinating multiple small contributions, (b) re-
purposing existing content and (c) collectively identifying relevant information. The problem is not,
hence, how to provide incentives for the production of information good but rather how to assist in
their identification, reuse and collective production by a myriad of creators engaged in such
production for their own reasons. Such system that seeks to reduce frictions has to be orientated in
the reduction of transaction costs in four levels [8], [9]: (a) technological one (e.g. ensuring
interoperability) (b) legal one (e.g. reducing legal barriers, especially uncertainty and
incompatibility of licensing terms) (c) organisational (e.g. introducing processes in organisations
allowing the more efficient management of collective information processing) (d) normative (i.e.
assisting the production of norms providing soft-regulatory mechanisms; e.g. citation norms in the
academic community).
The second one closely relates to the form of the current regulatory system that is not in accordance
to the regulatory instruments that are best suited to support creativity and innovation in an
interconnected digital environment. Laws are extremely slow both in their formation and
application. The existing institutional ecosystem is not well equipped to deal with the challenged of
a CBPP mode of production. We should instead look at more advanced techno-legal models such as
the ones supported by CC and its RDF/ XML expressions. At the same time we need to appreciate
that most of the regulation of content even today does not happen in the level of law nor that of the
end-user contract, both of which are relatively visible and hence make their producers accountable
to the business community and society as a whole. On the contrary, regulations about how content is
to flow within and between different organisations is regulated by their internal processes, inter-
organisational contracts, policies and procedures and in the case of public interest organisations may
be governed by circulars or funding agreements that set the baseline for how content is to be
disseminated and used.
As a result, when we seek to provide a solution to the problem of the IPR impasse, we should only
look at actual legislative amendments as the last target in a chain of other objectives that should first
aim at intervening at this gray regulation level that could nevertheless produced the desirable
regulatory results. The Genero project, by being able to tackle all the above mentioned four levels of
regulatory intervention, is capable of cultivating a regulatory environment most suitable for the
current mode of production.
2.1.2 The Genero Project
The Genero project was launched by the Norwegian non-profit organisation FriBit as an attempt to
solve the current IPR stalemate. As an active member of the free culture movement, they have been
seeking a solution to the Copyright stalemate that would both preserve the free Internet and civil
liberties, while covering the needs of the creators. With inspiration from books such as "Innovation
Happens Elsewhere", "Free Culture" and "Long Tail", FriBit launched the Genero project in
collaberation with the free culture movement, commercial actors, libraries and academia.
4. The Genero project is an alternative to existing content production and distribution ecosystems,
based on a non-exlusive end-to-end principle, much like the Internet itself. It would serve as a
connector between the various "free culture service providers" such as SourceForge, Flickr,
Jamendo and Magnatune. The Spanish for-profit company SafeCreative is the Copyright registrar
for several such service providers (including Jamendo and Magnatune), and will be a Genero
Service Provider and a strategic partner of the Genero Initiative. Organisations like Creative
Commons and the Open Knowledge foundation play a key role in the production of legal and
technical infrastructures supporting the dissemination of free culture and could facilitate the Genero
project to achieve its objectives.
2.1.3 The Intellectual Wealth and Value project (INWEAVE)
The purpose of INWEAVE is to determine Which mechanisms provide society with intellectual
wealth of the greatest value. The mechanisms can be sociological, legal, economical and technical
in nature. The project will determine the characteristics of Intellectual Wealth that is of value to
society (low price, high degree of participation, free speech, investigative journalism, etc.) [10] and
identify measurable parameters (key process indicators). For instance, as the study by Tsiavos and
Korn indicates [10] most of memory, cultural and educational organisations using open content
licensing seek to produce value that only marginally relates to monetary objective, whereas the
study by Pollock et al indicates that Open Data models may be used to produce value in the broader
public sector [11]. It will then analyse the Genero model and its compliancy to these mechanisms
and propose continual improvements as our understanding of culture, business models, market
dynamics and legal frameworks increases. The Genero Initiative will use the INWEAVE research as
basis for changes to the standards, licenses and rules.
The Genero project performed an initial study that determined that the ideal distribution ecosystem
should have the following characteristics, and arrived at the following distribution model:
• The system must be non-exclusive; ownership of content must be functionally separate from
content distribution. This allows taking advantage of the full potentials of hybrid open and
closed business models. [12]
• The system must be built upon an end-to-end principle [13]; similar to internet neutrality,
the service providers must be non-discriminatory, and it must be able to account for and
handle any type of use for any type of content.
• The system must encourage new distribution channels and technologies to gain adoption.
• Use and reuse of content must be permitted and promoted.[6]
• Regular behaviour by regular people must be permitted. Law must reflect the will of the
majority of a population, not criminalize them.[14]
• Conventional law enforcement must be at a minimum, decentralized and contract-based.
Trust and norms must do the work of enforcement.[15]
5. A Genero Service Provider on the production side is an agent that provides aggregation services and
handles all the necessary registration tasks on behalf of the content creator who merely needs to
state his Business Terms. An example of such business terms may be to charge a sum of USD 5.00
per copy. The metadata describing the work is registered with a Genero registry along with a link, in
some form or other, to a digital copy of the work itself. Other Genero Service Providers on the
consumer side may search the registry, retrieve the content they want to sell, and sell it using any
business model and technology they like, provided they adhere to the stated business terms of the
work. Other creators may create derived works of existing works as long as they give the owner of
the parent work a "fair share" of any revenue. What constitutes a fair share is determined by
guidelines provided by the Genero license. A Genero Service Provider cannot assume the copyright
of the content he distributes, nor demand other exclusive arrangements. This is done to ensure
horizontal separation of the value chain.
The Genero system will also use the separate trust-based system called Informed Individual. The
system allows for easy access to reliable and personalised interpretation of any kind of information,
by enabling users to generate a web-of-trust by selecting trusted sources for interpretation. The
system separates the access to, interpretation and distribution of information. Users choose trusted
entities to perform subjective interpretations, and, when accessing information they get a drillable,
weighted aggregate of the combined interpretations generated by each users personal web-of-trust.
Genero will use the Informed Individual for anti-phishing, soft enforcement and relevance building
purposes. The Informed Individual, whose purpose is to "strengthen the individuals ability to make
choices according to their values", was originally created for the purposes of ethical and
environmental consumerism, by granting aggregated, personal and reliable information about the
entire production and distribution value chain of products. The rationale is that by solving the
problem of assymetrical information, users can make choices based on characteristics that are
important to them beyond price, such as child labour, product quality, deforestation and Co2
emissions.
Another component of INWEAVE is the specification and implementation of a framework capable
of handling production, management, and distribution of massively collaborative creative works.
2.2. Approaches, hypotheses and choice of method
The main research problem of INWEAVE is: "Which mechanisms provide society with intellectual
wealth of the greatest value?" In order to start addressing this question, INWEAVE will base its
initial research upon the current Genero model. However the project will not be limited by the
current structure in its research; the current model will rather be considered as an initial hypothesis.
The overall method is iterative action research, and the problem will be approached by reducing
transaction costs at the four levels mentioned in section 2.1.1, namely technological, legal,
organisational and normative.
2.2.3 Iterative research
INWEAVE will operate in parallel with the Genero project. As illustrated in the following figure,
INWEAVE will use iterative action research, where the Genero Initiative and commercial actors
will standardise and implement the findings. This constitutes an implementation of the classic action
research cycle [16] in the context of a virtual environment [17].
6. The project will go through 3 iterations comprising the following four steps:
1. INWEAVE will first determine the desirable performance of the Genero ecosystem and
determine measurable parameters (low price, high volume, high degree of freedom, high degree of
participation etc). Then the project will develop or apply existing theories on how the various
mechanisms (social, technical, and economical) should be shaped in order to best achieve the
desired outcome. This will be translated into concrete mechanisms (rules, license principles etc) and
implemented in project deliverables.
2. The deliverables will be adopted by the standards body called Genero Initiative. These
deliverables will then go through a standardization process and release various standards and rules.
The releases are in the form of content metadata standards, Genero license versions etc.
3. Once a change is released, the various service providers (Genero Registries, Genero Service
Providers, Genero Payment Providers) implement the changes.
4. INWEAVE collects empirical data, qualitative studies, contributions etc from various sources.
Based on this data, the next iteration will proceed.
Each iteration will be done in a period of one year, and INWEAVE will disseminate its results
continually.
2.2.4 Interdisciplinary approach
The research performed by INWEAVE is interdisciplinary by nature. In order to understand the
interactions in the participatory culture and network economy, one must understand the legal
aspects of free licenses, the sociological and ideological aspects surrounding the free software
community and the technologies they employ in order to interact and develop new software (web
2.0, versioning, forums, wiki's). See 2.3.2 for details on an inter-disciplinary master thesis concept.
The project will also try to document the production of different forms of value flows in various
contexts. Following the methodology developed by Tsiavos and Korn (2009), the project will try to
trace the correlation between different contractual arrangements, the flows of content and the flows
of value. Such value could be of monetary or other nature, but needs to be made concrete in a
number of areas, such as: (a) Music and Audiovisual Industry (b) Museums, Libraries and Archives
(c) Public Sector Information and Open Governance Service provision (d) educational sector. For
each of these sectors the following methodology is to be applied:
The methodology employed in this report is based on the identification and analysis of three basic
variables that appear in each of the case studies. These variables are a) Value, b) Content and c)
Rights. Value, content and rights are closely interrelated and it is useful to trace their relationship, as
it sets the management framework for any e-content project. However, they need to be kept
analytically separate and examined in juxtaposition to each other:
7. A. The flow of content produces value: eg when a user downloads a digitised sound recording, the
user gains value in terms of knowledge and the public-sector organisation increases the visibility of
its collection and hence its cultural value
B. The flow of content is regulated by the rights existing on it: eg when a work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution licence, it may be freely exchanged between users provided they
make reference to the author of the work1
C. The flows of content and rights do not follow the same path: eg in the case of User Generated
Content (UGC) that resides in a repository and is licensed under a Creative Commons licence, the
content flows from the repository to the user, whereas the licence (rights) flows from the user that
has authored the content to the one that uses it.
This methodology features:
a) A series of steps to be followed in order to trace flows of value, rights and content in any project.
These constitute an analytical framework that may be replicated and employed in any project
involving management of rights protected content for the production value
b) The specific process and rationale of data selection, collection and analysis followed in this
project
2.3. The project plan, project management, organisation and cooperation
Performing empirical studies into a whole new ecosystem for IPR management depends upon actual
implementation and evaluation. Traditionally this would be impractical for a research project, but in
this case INWEAVE will collaborate with the Genero project for implementation. INWEAVE can
employ the method of iterative Action Research, since the cost of implementation will be borne by
other parties.
2.3.1 Project plan
The project is divided into the following 10 tasks, including deliverables.
• Task 1: Project management. This task is responsible for the overall coordination and
project management.
o D1.1: Final report.
• Task 2: Identification of key process indicators. This task is responsible for identifying
measurable criteria for the barriers of participation, effectiveness of trust-based enforcement
and business models, degree of market adoption.
o D2.1: Report on key process indicators
• Task 3: Specification of metadata and content standards. This task is responsible for
developing the metadata and content standards and specifying the APIs for the underlying
the information management infrastructure for keeping track of creative works.
o D3.1: Design of metadata standards and APIs, version 1.
o D3.2: Design of metadata standards and APIs, version 2.
o D3.3: Design of metadata standards and APIs, version 3.
• Task 4: Design of revenue and licensing model. The goal of this task is to design a
framework of licensing agreements that represent a barrier to participation that is as low as
possible while at the same time preserving the possibility for economic compensation for
creative works.
o D4.1: Design of revenue and licensing model, version 1.
o D4.2: Design of revenue and licensing model, version 2.
o D4.3: Design of revenue and licensing model, version 3.
• Task 5: Development of governance structures. The goal of this task is to develop an
overall framework of rules and norms governing the entire Genero ecosystem, including a
trust platform for organic, non-intrusive enforcement. The regulatory framework must also
preserve privacy and civil liberties.
8. o D5.1: Report on governance structures.
• Task 6: Development of prototype system. This task is the developement of a prototype
system implementing the metadata standards and APIs specified by Task 3 so that they can
be tested.
o D6.1: Implementation of prototype system, version 1.
o D6.2: Implementation of prototype system, version 2.
o D6.3: Implementation of prototype system, version 3.
• Task 7: Design of collaborative production and versioning models. The goal of this task
is to develop a framework that is capable of handling production, management, versioning,
and distribution of massively collaborative creative works.
o D7.1: Requirements specification.
o D7.2: Design document.
o D7.3: Prototype.
• Task 8: Evaluation of prototype system. The goal of this task is to evaluate the how well
the metadata standards and APIs work in practice and how well they support the envisioned
Genero ecosystem.
o D8.1: Evaluation report, version 1.
o D8.2: Evaluation report, version 2.
o D8.3: Evaluation report, version 3.
• Task 9: Empirical investigation of ecosystem efficacy. The goal of this task is to evaluate
the efficacy of the implemented mechanisms under the stated criteria in Task 2.
o D9.1: Report from empirical investigation, version 1.
o D9.2: Report from empirical investigation, version 2.
o D9.3: Report from empirical investigation, version 3.
• Task 10: Dissemination.
The scientific process is an iteration of hypothesis formation, implementation, and evaluation. The
project will run in three cycles, each one developing a better version under the key process
indicators.
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
# Task
1 Project Management x x x x x x x x x x x x
Identification of key process
2 x x x
indicators
Specification of metadata
3 x x x x x x
standards and APIs
Design of revenue and licensing
4 x x x x x x
model
Development of governance
5 x x x x x x
structures
6 Development of prototype system x x x x x x
Design of collaborative production
7 x x x x x x
and versioning models
8 Evaluation of prototype system x x x
Empirical investigation of
9 x x x
ecosystem efficacy
10 Dissemination x x x x x x x x x x x
9. 2.3.2 Organisation and cooperation
The project will be organised as an Open Research project [16] to permit massively distributed
collaboration. The project team will provide the core researchers with many surrounding
contributors and partners. A community manager will coordinate the efforts between the various
research groups, standardisation bodies and commercial partners. The community manager will
establish contact with the various fields of interest in Norway and encourage them to join the effort.
The manager typically also holds presentations at e.g. universities to encourage participation.
One collaborative effort that has already been arranged is the inter-disciplinary master thesis
concept between [Not included in public version]. Professors at these institutions post master thesis
assignments on topics related to INWEAVE. The students receive conventional mentoring, but also
mentoring from the professors in other fields as well as the INWEAVE community and their fellow
students. The IT student can get perspectives from a law professor, and so forth. The professors
[Not included in public version] have committed themselves to this effort.
The strategic partner SafeCreative stated that they work closely with Creative Commons, the EU
Project Communia, WIPO.org, Spanish Government, National Library of Chile and other
institutions, and they already envision the Genero system to provide a unifying or connecting role
between all the projects (See attatchments).
2.3.3 Collaberation with other stakeholders
INWEAVE will collaborate with a number of stakeholders in order to ensure that its deliverables
are put to practical use. NR has gained endorsements and concrete commitments from key
stakeholders, both in order for the deliverables to become effective standards, and to ensure large
scale implementations.
In order to ensure widespread adoption of standards, NR has
• Gained endorsements from influential Free culture notorieties such as Cory Doctorow and
Brett Gaylor (see attatchments)
• Gained project participation from NPO's such as Creative Commons, Electronic Frontier
Norway and FriBit (Prodromos Tsiavos is Legal Project lead in CC England and Wales,
Øystein Jakobsen is vice president of FriBit, Thomas Gramstad is president of EFN and
voluntary consultant for the Genero project)
• Gained project participation from Biblioteklaboratoriet (see attachments)
• Gained project participaition with SafeCreative (see attachments)
In order to ensure widespread technical development and implementation, NR has recieved
• A commitment from Spanish SafeCreative for 2000 hours of work over 3 years with
standardisation, technical and legal support, and has agreed to become a Genero Service
Provider. Note that SafeCreative has all the software and hardware necessary for a
successful technical implementation.
• A commitment from Norwegian FreeCode for 4000 hours of work over 3 years with
technical and community work, as well as offering its chief "ideologist" Øystein Jakobsen to
work for INWEAVE at cost price.
• A commitment from Cultura Bank to provide financial services and become the first Genero
Payment Provider (see attatchments)
10. 2.3.3 CV's from project participants
[Not included in public version]
2.4 Budget
[Not included in public version]
3. Perspectives and compliance with strategic documents
3.1. Compliance with strategic documents
By following the development of the Genero project from the beginning and be allowed to set the
premises for its development, NR has an opportunity to learn about new economies and social
dynamics, and bring scientific studies very close to their practical implementations.
The Norwegian Stortingsmelding nr. 17 [17] named "Eit informasjonssamfunn for alle" (An
informational society for everyone) speaks in detail about the promotion of the digital commons,
participatory culture, free licenses, CBPP and civil liberties.
The Norwegian "Referansekatalog for IT-standarder i offentlig sektor v2" [18] (Reference catalog
for IT-standards in the public sector) is the first official policy worldwide stating the use of free
content formats and standards in the public sector.
There is also a trend among politicians regarding increased attention to free and participatory
culture. Heidi Grande Røys, the former Minister of Renewal (IT) introduced preference policy for
free software and established Friprogsenteret (national competence centre for free software). She
spoke on several occasions on behalf of free culture, pushed for open access to map data, launched
the website www.deltemeninger.no discussing participatory culture and published the following CC
licensed book with the same name.
3.2. Relevance to society
One notable effect of INWEAVE is the promotion of free licenses and the expansion of the cultural
and technological commons. Intellectual Property such as patents on biology, software patents and
copyright stands to keep third world countries from having access to medicines, technology and
knowledge. The advancement of free culture and knowledge promises to help third world countries
partake in the knowledge economy and bring wealth, cultural identity and stability.
The project is of particular relevance not only to content producers and consumers but also to
citizens, as the production and organisation models proposed are applicable to any form of
decentralised information production and re-use and is of particular relevance to public sector
information structuring and dissemination. In addition, it may serve educational, research and
cultural goals by making sure that the material produced by such organisations may be more
effectively disseminated and re-purposed.
11. 3.3. Environmental perspectives
INWEAVE would provide a minor beneficial environmental impact through reduced CO2
emissions and waste as content distribution shifts from physical to digital form. The advent of the
web-of-trust system Informed Individual would have a major positive environmental impact by
revealing unsustainable production methods to consumers. If consumers could easily see products
made with palm oil and potentially harmful to the rainforest, the consumer could choose products
made with other kinds of oil instead. This stands to have a substantial positive environmental
impact, as sustainable production methods would be rewarded.
3.4. Ethical aspects
Current content distribution systems have major negative impacts on the cultural and technological
commons, due process of law, privacy, freedom of speech and freedom of communication. The
introduction of an alternative system would help to rectify this, by demonstrating that the
disconnection of internet users is not necessary in order to promote the creation and dissemination
of cultural materials. Also, the advent of the Informed Individual trust system will provide
consumers with information to avoid products made with child labour and cruel animal practices,
and select products made humanely instead. This stands to have a substantial positive ethical
impact, simply by rewarding corporate responsibility throughout the value chain.
3.5. Gender equality and gender perspectives
It is important for INWEAVE that both genders participate, not only in the research project but
throughout the Genero initiative. The project will strive for equal representation in all of the
initiative's endavours, as participation from both genders contributes to a more balanced and higher
quality result.
4. Communication with users and utilisation of results
4.1 Communication with users
When relevant, information must be provided regarding how principal users will be involved in the
project and which information channels will be used to communicate research findings. The
stakeholders that INWAVE needs to communicate with includes
– Various scientific communities
– Other related projects (Europeana, Reaktor, Communia-EU etc)
– Genero Initiative
– Genero Service Providers
– Creators (authors, musicians)
– End-users
– Interest groups and Non-profit organisations (Creative Commons, Wikimedia, FriBit)
– Public Sector Organisations (E.g. Office of Public Sector Information)
The project will employ techniques for mass collaboration employed by free software development
and open science. The project will use the best collaborative tools available for project management
and communication. For external communication, community tools such as forum, blog, wiki,
twitter and survey tools will be employed. The project will also attend conferences and present the
project and its findings. The project will also maintain a blog that provides informal news. This is
not to be considered formal deliveries, but rather as status updates and temporary conclusions from
the research.
12. 4.2. Dissemination plan
INWEAVE will be organized as an open collaboration project, where all knowledge gained is
published continually. A web-page will be set up, where community tools such as knowledge bases
and forums are made available. All knowledge will be published continually under free licenses,
and scientific journals are invited to publish the articles freely. The project will also publish findings
through the Open Access community.
Scientific results will be published as papers in peer-reviewed journals and conferences. We will
publish any and all results with free licenses (Creative Commons, GPL) in multiple channels.
Presentations are published at Slideshare, videos will be made available both as downloads and
streaming.
References
[1] Benkler, Y. "Coase's Penguin,or Linux and the Nature of the Firm," Yale Law Journal (112)
2002, p 369.
[2] Tapscott, D., and Williams, A.D. Wikinomics : how mass collaboration changes everything,
(Expanded ed. ed.) Atlantic, London, 2008, pp. xii, 351 p.
[3] Moglen, E. "The Invisible Barbecue," Columbia Law Review (97) 1997, p 945.
[4] Fitzgerald, B. (ed.) Open Content Licensing: Cultivating the Creative Commons. Sydney
University Press, Sydney, 2007.
[5] Benkler, Y. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom
Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 2006, p. 527.
[6] Lessig, L. Remix : making art and commerce thrive in the hybrid economy Penguin Press, New
York ; London, 2008, pp. xxii, 327 p.
[7] Boyle, J. The public domain : enclosing the commons of the mind Yale University Press, New
Haven, Conn. ; London, 2008, pp. xvi, 315 p.
[8] Lessig, L. "The New Chicago School," Journal of Legal Studies (27:June) 1998, pp 661-691.
[9] Murray, A. The Regulation of Cyberspace: Control in the Online Environment Routledge-
Cavendish, New York, Abingdon, 2007.
[10] Tsiavos, P., and Korn, N. "Case Studies Mapping the Flows of Content, Value and Rights
Across the UK Public Sector," Joint Information Systems Committee, London.
[11] Pollock, R., Newbery, D., and Bently, L. "Models of Public Sector Information Provision via
Trading Funds," BERR and HM Treasury, London.
[12] Jenkins, H. Convergence culture : where old and new media collide New York University
Press, New York, 2006, pp. xi, 308 p.
[13] Saltzer, J.H., Reed, D.P., and Clark, D.D. "End-to-End Arguments in System Design," ACM
Transactions in Computer Systems (2:November) 1984, pp 277-288.
[14] Tsiavos, P. "Cultivating the Regulatory Commons," (iCommons Annual), July 2007 2007, pp
24-30.
13. [15] Smith, D.K. "What is Regulation? A Reply to Julia Black," Australian Journal of Legal
Philosophy (27) 2002, pp 37-46.
[16] Reason, P., and Bradbury, H. The SAGE handbook of action research : participative inquiry
and practice, (2nd ed. ed.) SAGE, Los Angeles, Calif. ; London, 2008, pp. xxxii, 720 p.
[17] Hine, C. Virtual methods : issues in social research on the Internet Berg, Oxford, 2005,
pp. xiii, p. 242
[18] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_research
[19] Fornyings og Administrasjonsdepartementet: Stortingsmelding nr. 17 "Eit
informasjonssamfunn for alle", 2006
Translation: Norwegian Ministry of Administration and Renewal (IT): Parliamentary report nr. 17
- "An informational society for everyone", 2009
[20] Fornyings og Administrasjonsdepartementet: Referansekatalog for IT-standarder i offentlig
sektor, versjon 2.0, 25.06.2009
Translation: Norwegian Ministry of Administration and Renewal (IT): Reference catalog for IT
standards in the public sector, version 2.0, 25.06.2009