zoology

1. INTRODUCTION TO
ZOOLOGY
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2. Species of Organisms
• There are 13 billion known
species of organisms
• This is only 5% of all
organisms that ever lived!!!!!
• New organisms are still being
found and identified
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3. What is Classification?
■ Classification is the
arrangement of organisms into
orderly groups based on their
similarities
■ Classification is also known as
taxonomy
■ Taxonomists are scientists that
identify & name organisms
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4. Benefits of Classifying
• Accurately & uniformly names
organisms
• Prevents misnomers such as
starfish & jellyfish that aren't
really fish
• Uses same language (Latin or
some Greek) for all names
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Sea”horse”??

5. Confusion in Using Different
Languages for Names
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6. Latin Names are Understood
by all Taxonomists
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7. Standardized Naming
•Binomial
nomenclature used
•Genus species
•Latin or Greek
•Italicized in print
•Capitalize genus, but
NOT species
•Underline when
writing
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Turdus migratorius
American Robin

8. Binomial Nomenclature
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Which TWO are more closely related?

9. Rules for Naming Organisms
• The International Code for
Binomial Nomenclature contains
the rules for naming organisms
• All names must be approved by
International Naming Congresses
(International Zoological
Congress)
• This prevents duplicated names
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10. Classification Groups
• Taxon ( taxa-plural) is a category
into which related organisms are
placed
• There is a hierarchy of groups
(taxa) from broadest to most
specific
• Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class,
Order, Family, Genus, species
■
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11. Hierarchy-Taxonomic Groups
■ Domain
■ Kingdom
■ Phylum
■ Class
■ Order
■ Family
■ Genus
■ Species
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BROADEST TAXON
Most
Specific

12. ■ Dumb
■ King
■ Phillip
■ Came
■ Over
■ For
■ Gooseberr
y
■ Soup!
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14. SPECIES
■ Group of organisms that resemble closely
in structure and function
■ Most specific classification unit
■ Like species breed with like species
■ Written in italics and is lower case

15. Genus
■ Written in italics and capitalized

16. FAMILY

17. ORDER

18. Class

19. Phylum
■ Animal kingdom contains about 35 phyla (9 contain
the most)
■ Plant kingdom contains about 12 phyla (or
divisions)
*THIS IS THE MOST IMPORTANT TAXON IN ZOOLOGY*

20. KINGDOMS of EUKARYA
Protista (the single-celled eukaryotes)
Fungi (fungus and related organisms)
Plantae (the plants)
Animalia (the animals)
Archaebacteria (ancient bacteria)
Eubacteria (true bacteria)

21. Domain
Eukarya
• Fungi, animals, plants, protists
(multicellular)
Bacteria
• Prokaryotic organisms (unicellular)
Archea
• Survive in extreme environments
(unicellular)

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