Introduction to software1

Contents
Click to add Title
Software History & Life Cycle
Type of Software
Software Overview & Evolution of Software
Introduction

Introduction
How Computer Works ?
Computer works to compute and
communicate data;
Computer execute and processing data;

Introduction
How Computer Compute,
Communicate, Execute and
Processing Data ?
by a set of program instruction called
SOFTWARE;

Software Overview
What is software
or computer software ??
Software is the collection of computer
programs and related data that provide
the instructions telling a computer what
to do

Software Overview
We can also say software refers
to one or more computer
programs and data held in the
storage of the computer for
some purposes

9
Software Overview
Tells your computer what to do
Stored as a file in bits and bytes,
Software = Computer Programs

Software Overview
1
Functions
2
Programs
3
Instructs
What sofware can performs ?
Hardware Input Software

Software Definition
How Software
Works?

Software Overview
Level of Processing in Software

Software History
The most primitive form of software, using
Boolean algebra, which are represented as
binary digits (bits): 1 (true / on) or 0 (false / off
switch), this is certainly looking very difficult,
that people began to classify these bits become
nible (4 bits), byte (8 bits), word (2 bytes), double
word (32 bits). These group of bytes called
assembler.
High level programming language allows
humans to make the program easily. Currently
making the software has become a very complex
production process, with the sequence of a long
process involving dozens or even hundreds of
people in the making.

Evolution of Software
Pioneer Era
Stable Era
Micro Era
Modern Era

Pioneer Era
Forms of software initially is a connection to the
inter-connection cable inside the computer, the
following picture shows the people who are using
the computer. Another way to access a computer
is using a punched card or the holes card. The
use of computers was still carried out directly, a
program for a machine for a particular purpose.

Stable Era
In this era, theuse of computers has been much, not
only by researchers and academic need, but also by
the industry / company.
Emerging software companies, and a software to run
multiple functions, from this software began to shift
into a product.
Command lines of software which is run by a
computer is no longer the only one, but it was as
much the process will be undertaken simultaneously
(multi-tasking). A software able to solve many users
(multi user)

Micro Era
The software can differentiate into a software system
that handles internal and application software that is
used directly by its consumer for a particular purpose.
Automation that is in the software leads to a kind of
artificial intelligence.

Modern Era
Convergence
Ubiquitous Computing
Pervasive Computing

25
Type of Software
System Software
Application Software
COMPUTER HARDWARE
OPERATING SYSTEM
APPLICATION
SOFTWARE

14/11/2011 Computer Software26
Type of Software
Programs that
helps managing the computer system,
helps maintaining the computer system,
Examples:
Operating System,
Disk Defragmenter,
Disk Cleanup.

27
Type of Software
Program that
allows the user to communicate with the
computer,
manages input and output devices of a
computer system
manages all programs in a computer,
Examples: Windows XP, Linux.

28
Type of Software
Program for a specific task like
Text processing,
E-Mail,
Games
Example: MS Word.

Type of Software
Type of Software
Application software.
Middleware controls and co-ordinates distributed
systems.
Programming languages define the syntax and sematics
of computer programs.
System software includes operating systems, which
govern computing resources. Today large applications
running on remote machines such as Websites are
considered to be system software, because the end-user
interface is generally through a Graphical user interface
(GUI), such as a web browser.

Type of Software
Type of Software (cont)
Testware is software for testing hardware or a software
package.
Firmware is low-level software often stored on electrically
programmable memory devices. Firmware is given its
name because it is treated like hardware and run
("executed") by other software programs.
Device drivers control parts of computers such as disk
drives, printers, CD drives, or computer monitors.
Programming tools help conduct computing tasks in any
category listed above. For programmers, these could be
tools for debugging or reverse engineering older legacy
systems in order to check source code compatibility.

Type of Software
Application Software
Business: Administrative, Business simulation, Business Process
Management(BPM), Customer Relationship Management (CRM),
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Financial, Accounting, Investment
Club, Office, Content management systems (CMS), Blog, Collaborative,
Document Management, Version control, Video Hosting, Widget
management, Wiki, Office suites (Lotus, Microsoft, ...), Presentation,
Spreadsheets, Typing, Word processors(Linux, Mac, Windows, ...),
Project Management, Mind-Mapping, Reporting, Risk Management,
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), Technical Analysis, Workflow
Technology
Childhood

Type of Software
Application Software (cont)
Communication: Amateur Radio, Bluetooth, Bulletin Board, E-mail,
Instant Messaging Clients, Mailing Lists, Technical Communication
Tools, Diagramming, Documentation generators, Online help, Web
Browsers, Word processors(Linux, Mac, Windows)
Digital Typography:
• Desktop publishing
• Editing, Audio editors, Font editors, Formula editors, Hex editors, Outliners, Raster
graphics editors, Raster to Vector Conversion, Spelling checking, TeX Editors, Text
editors(Mac, Unix, Linux, Windows), Emacs, BeOS text editors, Collaborative real-time
editors, HTML editors, JavaScript-based HTML editors, Notepad replacements, Vector
Graphics Editors
• Typesetting, EPUB readers (e-books), Page description, PDF, PostScript, TeX, Troff

Type of Software
Education: Edu-Ware educational, Educational operating systems,
Educational Programming Languages, Interactive geometry, Learning
Management, Notetaking, Pedagogic integrated development
environments, Renaissance Learning, Virtual learning environments
Entertainment: Video Games, Gambling, Draughts, Computer Chess,
Go, Poker, Role-playing Games, Novelty, Demos, Sports
Genealogy
Government
Computer Graphics:, 3D Graphics, Animation, 2D Animation, Card
Creator, Data visualization, Diagramming, Image organizers, Image
VIewers, Digital Photography, Panorama, Photo stitching, Raster
Graphics, Raster to Vector Conversion, Screencasting (capture), Vector
Graphics editors

Type of Software
Health: Dental, Disability, Screen readers, Speech synthesis,
Healthcare, Neuroimaging
Identity: Biometrics, Identity management, Password managers
Industry: Production and manufacturing, Computer-aided engineering,
Building information modeling, Computer-aided design, Computer-aided
engineering, Geotechnical engineering, Optical, Electronic Design
Automation (EDA), Electronic circuit simulators, Computer-aided
manufacturing, Film production, Screenwriting, Robotics
Knowledge Representation: Concept Mapping, Mind-mapping, Ontology
editors, Rule engines, Expert systems
Language: Computational linguistics, Computer-assisted translation,
Machine translation
Legal

Type of Software
Library and Information Science: Dictionary, Digital library, Institutional
Repository, Library Automation, Reference management, BibTex
Multimedia: Audio, Audio codecs, Audio editors, Digital audio recording,
Compositing, Media players, Media readers, Multimedia frameworks,
Optical disc authoring, PDF, Podcasting, Tag editors, Video editing,
Video conversion
Music: Audio trackers, Guitar, Scorewriters, Synthesizers, Drum
machines
Personal information managers: Calendaring, Personal digital assistant
Religion

Type of Software
Science:
• Artificial intelligence, Agent-based, Chatterbots, Computer vision, Expert systems, Face recognition,
Natural language, Neural network, Optical character recognition, Speech recognition
• Astronomy
• Bioinformatics, Molecular modelling, Molecular dynamics
• Cheminformatics, Chemistry, Computational chemistry, Molecular modelling, Molecular dynamics,
Mass spectrometry
• Computational science
• Earth science, Earth sciences graphics, Virtual globes, Environmental science, Geographic information
system (GIS), Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI), Integrated Hydrologic Modelling,
Numerical climate and weather models, Remote sensing
• Geology
• Laboratory
• Linguistic research
• Mathematics, Computer algebra, Formal methods, Model checkers, Theorem proving, Formula
editors, Interactive geometry, Numerical, Finite element, Mathematical optimization, Pi, Statistical,
Data Analysis, Econometrics, Spreadsheets, Cryptographic
• Physics, Computational physics, Optics
• Plotting

Type of Software
Simulation: Computer-aided Engineering, Geotechnical engineering,
Interior design, Optical, Scientific Simulation, Outer space/Space flight,
Transportation: Route planning, Satellite navigation, Transport
simulation

Type of Software
Operating System
Simulation: Computer-aided Engineering, Geotechnical engineering,
Interior design, Optical, Scientific Simulation, Outer space/Space flight,
Transportation: Route planning, Satellite navigation, Transport
simulation

C l i c k t o e d i t c o m p a n y s l o g a n .
www.themegallery.com

Introduction to software1

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