ICT

1. KLE SOCIETY'S COLLEGE OF EDUCATION,
VIDYANAGAR, HUBBALLI.
Subject: ICT BASICS:OPERATING SYSTEM AND APPLICAT
ION SOFTWARE.
SEMINAR ON: INTRODUCTION TO APPLICATION SOFTW
ARE.

2. Contents
 Todays Topic: Introduction to Computer application Software
 We will learn
1. What is software?
2. What is Hardware?
3. Types of Software
 System s/w, Application s/w, Open source & Propri
etary s/w
4. Examples of system Software
 Operating System, compiler, loader, linker, Interpr
eter
5. Examples of Application Software
 Word processors, Spreadsheets, Presentation, Dat
abase systems

3. Introduction to Computer appl
ication Software

4. Software & Hardware?
 Computer Instructions or data, anything that can be store
d electronically is Software.
 Hardware is one that is tangible. The storage devices (
Hard disk, CD’s etc.,), mouse, keyboard CPU and displa
y devices (Monitor) are Hardware.
For example: There is a problem in the Software implies
– Problem with program or data

6. Types of Software
• System Software
• Application Software
• Open source Software and
• Proprietary Software

7. System Software:
System Software includes the Operating System and all
the utilities that enable the computer to function.
System software is a term referring to any computer sof
tware which manages and controls the hardware so that
application software can perform a task.
Example:
Operating Systems, Compiler, Loader, Linker, Interpreter.

8. System Software:
Operating System:
 Operating System is a software, which makes a compute
r to actually work.
 It is the software the enables all the programs we use.
 The OS organizes and controls the hardware.
 OS acts as an interface between the application program
s and the machine hardware.
 Examples: Windows, Linux, Unix and Mac OS, etc.,

9. System Software (contd):
Source Languages Target Languages
‘C’ language ‘C’ language
‘Pascal’ language Machine language
FORTRAN language
C++ language
ADA language
Compiler: A compiler is a program that reads a prog
ram in one language – the source language and tran
slates into an equivalent program in another languag
e – the target language.

10. System Software (contd):
Loader: A loader is the part of an operating system that i
s responsible for loading programs into memory, prepari
ng them for execution and then executing them.
The loader is usually a part of the operating system's ker
nel and usually is loaded at system boot time and stays i
n memory until the system is rebooted, shut down, or po
wered off.
In Unix, the loader is the handler for the system call exec
ve().

11. System Software (contd):
Linker: A linker or link editor is a program that takes on
e or more objects generated by compilers and assemble
s them into a single executable program.
Linkers can take objects from a collection called a library
. The objects are program modules containing machine c
ode and information for the linker.
The linker takes care of arranging the objects in a progra
m's address space.

12. System Software (contd):
Interpreter: An interpreter is a computer pro
gram that translates and executes instructions w
ritten in a computer programming language line-
by-line, unit by unit etc.,
An interpreter needs to be able to analyze, or pa
rse, instructions written in the source language.
Example: Lisp systems, etc.,

14. Application Software:
Application Software includes programs that do real work
for user.
Example:
Payroll systems, Inventory Control, Manage student data
base, Word Processor, Spreadsheet and Database Man
agement System etc.,

17. Application Software:
Word Processors:
Word processing is a tool that helps user in creating, edit
ing, and printing documents. Word processors will norma
lly have the following capabilities built into them:
 Spell checking
 Standard layouts for normal documents
 Have some characters appear in bold print, ital
ics, or underlined
 Center lines, make text line up on the left side
of the paper, or the right side of the paper
 Save the document so it can be used again
 print the document.
Examples: WordPerfect and Microsoft Word

18. Application Software
(contd…):
Graphic Presentations: The presentation prog
rams can make giving presentations and using overhead
s easier. Other uses include:
 Slide Shows
 Repeating Computer Presentations on a comp
uter monitor
 Using Sound and animation in slide shows
The most recognized graphic presentation programs are
Microsoft PowerPoint and Harvard Graphics.

19. Application Software
(contd…):
Database Management System (DBMS):
 A DBMS is a software tool that allows multiple users to st
ore, access, and process data into useful information.
 Database programs are designed for these types of appli
cations:
 Membership lists
 Student lists
 Grade reports
 Instructor schedules
All of these have to be maintained so you can find what y
ou need quickly and accurately.
 Example:Microsoft Access, dBASE, Oracle.

21. Application Software
(contd…):
Spreadsheets: The spreadsheet packages are des
igned to use numbers and formulas to do calculations wit
h ease. Examples of spreadsheets include:
 Budgets
 Payrolls
 Grade Calculations
 Address Lists
The most commonly used spreadsheet programs are Mi
crosoft Excel and Lotus 123.

23. Open Source Software:
 Open source software (OSS) is computer software w
hose source code is available under a license that permit
s users to use, change, and improve the software, and to
redistribute it in modified or unmodified form.
 It is often developed in a public, collaborative manner.
Well-known OSS products are Linux, Netscape, Apache,
etc.,

24. Proprietary Software:
 Proprietary software (also called non-free software
) is software with restrictions on using, copying and m
odifying as enforced by the proprietor. Restrictions on
use, modification and copying is achieved by either le
gal or technical means and sometimes both.
 Proponents of proprietary software are Microsoft.
 Ex: CAD, Nortan Antivirus etc.,