This document discusses how to build measurement systems using an object-oriented approach in LabVIEW. It presents an example of building a thermometry system using objects to represent instruments, measurements, and controls. Measurements are factored into processes that reference instrument objects. This allows different measurements to reuse instruments. The example illustrates creating subclasses for specific measurement types. It shows how measurement systems can be naturally factored into classes representing physical instruments, virtual measurements, and controls that work together.
SPICE MODEL of MTM23223 (Standard+BDS Model) in SPICE PARKTsuyoshi Horigome
SPICE MODEL of MTM23223 (Standard+BDS) in SPICE PARK. English Version is http://www.spicepark.net. Japanese Version is http://www.spicepark.com by Bee Technologies.
This document describes the specifications of the KM 2775 33⁄4 digit 2000A AC/DC digital clamp meter. It has 11 functions and 34 measurement ranges. Key features include auto-ranging, data hold, continuity and diode testing. Electrical specifications include the measurement ranges and accuracy for AC/DC voltage and current, capacitance, frequency, resistance, continuity testing and diode testing. It is powered by a standard 9V battery and has safety certifications for CAT III 600V applications.
SPICE MODEL of 2SK1828 (Professional+BDP Model) in SPICE PARKTsuyoshi Horigome
SPICE MODEL of 2SK1828 (Professional+BDP Model) in SPICE PARK. English Version is http://www.spicepark.net. Japanese Version is http://www.spicepark.com by Bee Technologies.
SPICE MODEL of 2SK1828 (Standard+BDS Model) in SPICE PARKTsuyoshi Horigome
SPICE MODEL of 2SK1828 (Standard+BDS) in SPICE PARK. English Version is http://www.spicepark.net. Japanese Version is http://www.spicepark.com by Bee Technologies.
The document provides specifications for the TCRT1000 and TCRT1010 reflective optical sensors. The sensors include an infrared emitter and phototransistor in a leaded package, and are designed to detect the presence or absence of objects within 1 mm of the sensor surface. Key specifications include a peak operating distance of 1 mm, typical output current of 0.5 mA, and operating range of 0.2-4 mm for relative collector current above 20%. Applications include optoelectronic scanning and switching devices.
SPICE MODEL of 2SK1825 (Professional+BDP Model) in SPICE PARKTsuyoshi Horigome
SPICE MODEL of 2SK1825 (Professional+BDP Model) in SPICE PARK. English Version is http://www.spicepark.net. Japanese Version is http://www.spicepark.com by Bee Technologies.
SPICE MODEL of XBS104S14R (Standard Model) in SPICE PARKTsuyoshi Horigome
SPICE MODEL of XBS104S14R (Standard Model) in SPICE PARK. English Version is http://www.spicepark.net. Japanese Version is http://www.spicepark.com by Bee Technologies.
The document discusses lithium-ion battery simulation. It provides information on a lithium-ion battery pack specification including capacity, rated current, input/output voltages, and charging time. It also shows discharge time characteristics for the battery pack at different discharge rates as well as single cell discharge characteristics from measurement and simulation data. Finally, it shows the charge time characteristics for charging the battery pack at a 0.2C rate.
SPICE MODEL of MTM23223 (Standard+BDS Model) in SPICE PARKTsuyoshi Horigome
SPICE MODEL of MTM23223 (Standard+BDS) in SPICE PARK. English Version is http://www.spicepark.net. Japanese Version is http://www.spicepark.com by Bee Technologies.
This document describes the specifications of the KM 2775 33⁄4 digit 2000A AC/DC digital clamp meter. It has 11 functions and 34 measurement ranges. Key features include auto-ranging, data hold, continuity and diode testing. Electrical specifications include the measurement ranges and accuracy for AC/DC voltage and current, capacitance, frequency, resistance, continuity testing and diode testing. It is powered by a standard 9V battery and has safety certifications for CAT III 600V applications.
SPICE MODEL of 2SK1828 (Professional+BDP Model) in SPICE PARKTsuyoshi Horigome
SPICE MODEL of 2SK1828 (Professional+BDP Model) in SPICE PARK. English Version is http://www.spicepark.net. Japanese Version is http://www.spicepark.com by Bee Technologies.
SPICE MODEL of 2SK1828 (Standard+BDS Model) in SPICE PARKTsuyoshi Horigome
SPICE MODEL of 2SK1828 (Standard+BDS) in SPICE PARK. English Version is http://www.spicepark.net. Japanese Version is http://www.spicepark.com by Bee Technologies.
The document provides specifications for the TCRT1000 and TCRT1010 reflective optical sensors. The sensors include an infrared emitter and phototransistor in a leaded package, and are designed to detect the presence or absence of objects within 1 mm of the sensor surface. Key specifications include a peak operating distance of 1 mm, typical output current of 0.5 mA, and operating range of 0.2-4 mm for relative collector current above 20%. Applications include optoelectronic scanning and switching devices.
SPICE MODEL of 2SK1825 (Professional+BDP Model) in SPICE PARKTsuyoshi Horigome
SPICE MODEL of 2SK1825 (Professional+BDP Model) in SPICE PARK. English Version is http://www.spicepark.net. Japanese Version is http://www.spicepark.com by Bee Technologies.
SPICE MODEL of XBS104S14R (Standard Model) in SPICE PARKTsuyoshi Horigome
SPICE MODEL of XBS104S14R (Standard Model) in SPICE PARK. English Version is http://www.spicepark.net. Japanese Version is http://www.spicepark.com by Bee Technologies.
The document discusses lithium-ion battery simulation. It provides information on a lithium-ion battery pack specification including capacity, rated current, input/output voltages, and charging time. It also shows discharge time characteristics for the battery pack at different discharge rates as well as single cell discharge characteristics from measurement and simulation data. Finally, it shows the charge time characteristics for charging the battery pack at a 0.2C rate.
Building Your Content Marketing Measurement Program From The Ground UpAct-On Software
This document provides guidance on building a content marketing measurement program from the ground up. It discusses selecting key performance indicators (KPIs) by setting organizational goals for content marketing. Some important KPIs include reach, engagement, sentiment, lead generation, sales, thought leadership, and customer loyalty. It recommends tools for measuring consumption, sharing, lead generation, sales, thought leadership, and social media impact. Finally, it offers a 10 step plan for getting started with content measurement, including setting up analytics and social listening tools and integrating them with CRM. The overall message is that measurement is essential for understanding what content is most effective and making improvements.
Social Bakers EngageX: Building Measurement Frameworks - 1000headsDeanna Marie
This document discusses developing frameworks for measuring social media success and return on investment. It provides examples of different types of social engagement that can be measured, from basic follows and likes to high-quality interactions like comments, shares and sales. It also presents models for calculating the equivalent media value of word-of-mouth promotion through social actions and measuring the influence, retention, leads and awareness generated by advocacy marketing. The document emphasizes that meaningful measurement requires defining success metrics and considers factors like connection, involvement and brand immersion over simple vanity metrics.
Pr news pr measurement- building a foundation in metricsSandra Fathi
Sandra Fathi, president of Affect Strategies, discusses the importance of measurement for public relations and social media activities. She explains that measurement proves value, demonstrates performance improvement, supports increased investment, and ensures success. Fathi outlines key metrics that matter to executives like money, customers, leads and exposure. She stresses measuring outcomes that link to business goals and using tools that prioritize important metrics simply and efficiently over time. Fathi shares examples of companies that saw business impacts like increased revenue and new customers by architecting PR programs with clear goals and measurement in mind.
Data Center Measurement - Building An ROI Baseline
Establishing a baseline measurement of your data center is an important first step in developing a meaningful ROI for any data center project. The cost of energy has recently exceeded the cost of IT equipment; understanding your energy footprint in terms of power consumption and cooling demand has become an important management tool.
to view the recorded webinar presentation, please visit http://www.42u.com/measurement-techniques-webinar.htm
Implementing Mobile Number Portability (MNP) in Africa: Kenyan Case Study Njiraini Mwende
MNP was launch in Kenya on 1st April 2011, making Kenya the 2nd Sub-Saharan country to successfully launch the service.
The presentation gives the regulatory process that facilitated the launch of MNP services in Kenya
Matt Cooper presented a 7 step process for building a digital measurement plan. The steps are: 1) Identify key metrics to measure beyond vanity metrics, 2) Establish business goals and objectives, 3) Define what constitutes quality traffic, 4) Segment traffic based on quality, 5) Identify top performing marketing channels, 6) Optimize campaigns based on segmentation and performance, 7) Communicate results in a report focusing on outcomes, observations, recommendations, and trends. The process helps define, measure, and communicate the success of digital marketing efforts.
The document provides guidance on measuring windows, screens, lights, and associated items like glazing and ironmongery according to the new RICS rules of measurement (NRM2). It specifies that drawings must include general arrangement plans, door and window schedules, glazing schedules, and ironmongery schedules. Materials, dimensions, fixing methods, and other details must be documented. Windows, frames, shutters, rooflights, screens, shop fronts, and louvers are to be measured and included in bills of quantities along with glazing, glass types and thicknesses, and ironmongery items and fixings. Notes provide additional clarification on measuring and including associated works.
A digital multimeter (DMM) is an electronic instrument that measures voltage, current, and resistance. A DMM displays measurements digitally and can measure AC and DC voltage, AC and DC current, and resistance. It may also have features to measure frequency, temperature, capacitance, continuity, and diode performance. A DMM uses symbols on its front panel to indicate the measurement units. DMM specifications include the number of display digits, measurement accuracy, and voltage/current ranges and resolutions. DMMs are used to troubleshoot circuits by measuring voltage, current, and resistance. True RMS DMMs provide accurate measurements of non-sinusoidal waveforms.
The document discusses changes to the IEC 61010-1 safety standard for electrical measurement instruments. Key changes include revised insulation requirements, expanded test requirements, and a requirement that instruments provide protection for all measurement functions and ranges up to the rated voltage. After January 1, 2004 manufacturers will only be able to sell instruments that meet the updated standard, in order to ensure maximum safety for users. The document also provides an overview of various METRA Hit series multimeters and their measurement functions and ranges.
A digital multimeter (DMM) is a device that can measure multiple electrical values such as voltage, current, resistance, frequency, and temperature. It displays measured values numerically and some can automatically select measurement ranges. DMMs are standard tools used by technicians and engineers to verify factors like voltage, current, and resistance based on Ohm's Law. Digital storage oscilloscopes (DSOs) can capture and store waveforms to analyze complex signals over time, making them useful for applications like communications and power electronics. While DMMs read values at a moment, DSOs graphically display how voltages change over time, so DSOs are often preferred for troubleshooting complex circuits.
Electrical measurement & measuring instruments [emmi (nee-302) -unit-4]Md Irshad Ahmad
AC Potentiometers-Polar type & Co-ordinate type AC potentiometers, application of AC
Potentiometers inelectrical measurement. (4)
(2)Magnetic Measurement-Ballistic galvanometer, Flux meter ,Determination of hysteresis
loop, measurement of iron losses.
ammeter and voltmeter presentation. For college pdfashutoshmall444
An ammeter measures electric current and is connected in series in a circuit. A voltmeter measures potential difference and is connected in parallel. Both use a permanent magnet and moving coil to function. An ammeter has a low resistance shunt to minimize impact on the circuit. A voltmeter has a high resistance series element to increase the voltage drop across it. Multimeters can measure current, voltage and resistance using different circuit configurations of the moving coil instrument. Measurement errors include friction and magnetic field decay over time.
This document provides an overview of using different types of multimeters to test electronic components. It discusses the basics of analog and digital multimeters, including how to select the correct voltage, current, and resistance ranges when making measurements. The document also covers measuring voltage, adjusting analog meters, and issues that can arise from high impedance circuits like inaccurate readings when using cheaper analog meters.
The document describes different types of meters used to measure various electrical values. A digital voltmeter measures voltage through analog to digital conversion and displays the numeric value. Mechanical current meters use propellers to count rotations while the Ekman meter drops balls. A multimeter can measure voltage, current, and resistance in one device, either through analog pointers or digital displays. A galvanometer detects current through rotational deflection from a coil in a magnetic field. A clamp meter measures current without direct contact by clamping around a conductor. A wattmeter measures power in watts. An ohmmeter measures resistance while megohmmeters handle large values. A lux meter measures light intensity for the human eye. A tachometer displays
Digital and analogue meters are used to measure electrical quantities in circuits. Digital meters convert input signals to pulses and have advantages like being strong, accurate, and easy to read, but batteries need regular replacing and faults can be hard to identify. Analogue meters have a moving element and a linear scale, making them accurate, but they are fragile and expensive. Voltmeters are connected in parallel across a load to measure voltage. Ammeters are connected in series to measure current. Wattmeters simultaneously measure current and voltage to determine power. Ohmmeters are connected across a circuit element to measure its resistance or impedance. Instruments must be properly connected to circuits to obtain accurate readings of electrical quantities.
This document provides an introduction to electronic instruments and measurements. It begins with definitions of key terms like electronic, derived, and electron mechanism. It then lists and describes common electronic instruments like ammeters, voltmeters, wattmeters, multimeters, LCR meters, oscilloscopes, and signal generators. The document explains the working principles, types, and uses of ammeters and voltmeters in more detail. It also discusses transducers, displacement transducers, and LVDT transducers. In the end, it provides contact information for the author.
This document provides information on analog and digital sensors. It defines transducers as devices that convert one form of energy to another. Sensors are input transducers that can be passive (change resistance) or active (output voltage or current). Analog sensors output continuously variable signals, while digital sensors have only two states. Examples of analog sensors given include thermocouples and examples of digital include digital tachometers. The document then discusses analog and digital signals in more detail. It provides examples of applications for analog to digital conversion like microphones and strain gages. Finally, it covers the process of analog to digital conversion including quantizing the analog signal into discrete levels and encoding the levels with binary numbers.
Photo resistor devices its working and applications.Soudip Sinha Roy
Here you will get every details about photo resistor device and its applications. How it makes in factory. And the important thing is The Light-Controlled Switch Using a Transistor.
This document provides an overview of sensors and interfacing techniques. It discusses the basic components and principles of sensors, including the different types (e.g. temperature, pressure, humidity), as well as resistor, capacitor and inductor sensor types. It also describes interfacing temperature, humidity, pressure and proximity sensors to microcontrollers, with examples of interfacing the LM35 temperature sensor and a capacitive humidity sensor to an 8051 microcontroller using an ADC0809 analog-to-digital converter. Circuit diagrams and assembly language code are included.
This document provides information about various electronics measurement tools, including digital voltmeters, oscilloscopes, and multimeters. It discusses the operating principles and key components of digital voltmeters, which use analog-to-digital conversion to measure voltages. It describes oscilloscope functionality for measuring signal voltage over time using vertical and horizontal axes. Oscilloscopes contain components like CRTs, vertical and horizontal amplifiers, and trigger modes. Multimeters are also covered, which can measure voltage, current, resistance and other properties with a single handheld unit.
This document discusses essential concepts for understanding electrical circuits, including:
- Modern vehicles have many electrical and electronic systems that require troubleshooting skills. Understanding basic electrical concepts is key.
- Meters like multimeters are used to measure voltage, current, and resistance in circuits. Multimeters combine voltmeter, ammeter, and ohmmeter functions.
- Digital multimeters display actual numeric readings, making them suitable for sensitive electronic components, while analog multimeters use a needle dial. Proper interpretation of multimeter displays is important for obtaining accurate measurements.
Building Your Content Marketing Measurement Program From The Ground UpAct-On Software
This document provides guidance on building a content marketing measurement program from the ground up. It discusses selecting key performance indicators (KPIs) by setting organizational goals for content marketing. Some important KPIs include reach, engagement, sentiment, lead generation, sales, thought leadership, and customer loyalty. It recommends tools for measuring consumption, sharing, lead generation, sales, thought leadership, and social media impact. Finally, it offers a 10 step plan for getting started with content measurement, including setting up analytics and social listening tools and integrating them with CRM. The overall message is that measurement is essential for understanding what content is most effective and making improvements.
Social Bakers EngageX: Building Measurement Frameworks - 1000headsDeanna Marie
This document discusses developing frameworks for measuring social media success and return on investment. It provides examples of different types of social engagement that can be measured, from basic follows and likes to high-quality interactions like comments, shares and sales. It also presents models for calculating the equivalent media value of word-of-mouth promotion through social actions and measuring the influence, retention, leads and awareness generated by advocacy marketing. The document emphasizes that meaningful measurement requires defining success metrics and considers factors like connection, involvement and brand immersion over simple vanity metrics.
Pr news pr measurement- building a foundation in metricsSandra Fathi
Sandra Fathi, president of Affect Strategies, discusses the importance of measurement for public relations and social media activities. She explains that measurement proves value, demonstrates performance improvement, supports increased investment, and ensures success. Fathi outlines key metrics that matter to executives like money, customers, leads and exposure. She stresses measuring outcomes that link to business goals and using tools that prioritize important metrics simply and efficiently over time. Fathi shares examples of companies that saw business impacts like increased revenue and new customers by architecting PR programs with clear goals and measurement in mind.
Data Center Measurement - Building An ROI Baseline
Establishing a baseline measurement of your data center is an important first step in developing a meaningful ROI for any data center project. The cost of energy has recently exceeded the cost of IT equipment; understanding your energy footprint in terms of power consumption and cooling demand has become an important management tool.
to view the recorded webinar presentation, please visit http://www.42u.com/measurement-techniques-webinar.htm
Implementing Mobile Number Portability (MNP) in Africa: Kenyan Case Study Njiraini Mwende
MNP was launch in Kenya on 1st April 2011, making Kenya the 2nd Sub-Saharan country to successfully launch the service.
The presentation gives the regulatory process that facilitated the launch of MNP services in Kenya
Matt Cooper presented a 7 step process for building a digital measurement plan. The steps are: 1) Identify key metrics to measure beyond vanity metrics, 2) Establish business goals and objectives, 3) Define what constitutes quality traffic, 4) Segment traffic based on quality, 5) Identify top performing marketing channels, 6) Optimize campaigns based on segmentation and performance, 7) Communicate results in a report focusing on outcomes, observations, recommendations, and trends. The process helps define, measure, and communicate the success of digital marketing efforts.
The document provides guidance on measuring windows, screens, lights, and associated items like glazing and ironmongery according to the new RICS rules of measurement (NRM2). It specifies that drawings must include general arrangement plans, door and window schedules, glazing schedules, and ironmongery schedules. Materials, dimensions, fixing methods, and other details must be documented. Windows, frames, shutters, rooflights, screens, shop fronts, and louvers are to be measured and included in bills of quantities along with glazing, glass types and thicknesses, and ironmongery items and fixings. Notes provide additional clarification on measuring and including associated works.
A digital multimeter (DMM) is an electronic instrument that measures voltage, current, and resistance. A DMM displays measurements digitally and can measure AC and DC voltage, AC and DC current, and resistance. It may also have features to measure frequency, temperature, capacitance, continuity, and diode performance. A DMM uses symbols on its front panel to indicate the measurement units. DMM specifications include the number of display digits, measurement accuracy, and voltage/current ranges and resolutions. DMMs are used to troubleshoot circuits by measuring voltage, current, and resistance. True RMS DMMs provide accurate measurements of non-sinusoidal waveforms.
The document discusses changes to the IEC 61010-1 safety standard for electrical measurement instruments. Key changes include revised insulation requirements, expanded test requirements, and a requirement that instruments provide protection for all measurement functions and ranges up to the rated voltage. After January 1, 2004 manufacturers will only be able to sell instruments that meet the updated standard, in order to ensure maximum safety for users. The document also provides an overview of various METRA Hit series multimeters and their measurement functions and ranges.
A digital multimeter (DMM) is a device that can measure multiple electrical values such as voltage, current, resistance, frequency, and temperature. It displays measured values numerically and some can automatically select measurement ranges. DMMs are standard tools used by technicians and engineers to verify factors like voltage, current, and resistance based on Ohm's Law. Digital storage oscilloscopes (DSOs) can capture and store waveforms to analyze complex signals over time, making them useful for applications like communications and power electronics. While DMMs read values at a moment, DSOs graphically display how voltages change over time, so DSOs are often preferred for troubleshooting complex circuits.
Electrical measurement & measuring instruments [emmi (nee-302) -unit-4]Md Irshad Ahmad
AC Potentiometers-Polar type & Co-ordinate type AC potentiometers, application of AC
Potentiometers inelectrical measurement. (4)
(2)Magnetic Measurement-Ballistic galvanometer, Flux meter ,Determination of hysteresis
loop, measurement of iron losses.
ammeter and voltmeter presentation. For college pdfashutoshmall444
An ammeter measures electric current and is connected in series in a circuit. A voltmeter measures potential difference and is connected in parallel. Both use a permanent magnet and moving coil to function. An ammeter has a low resistance shunt to minimize impact on the circuit. A voltmeter has a high resistance series element to increase the voltage drop across it. Multimeters can measure current, voltage and resistance using different circuit configurations of the moving coil instrument. Measurement errors include friction and magnetic field decay over time.
This document provides an overview of using different types of multimeters to test electronic components. It discusses the basics of analog and digital multimeters, including how to select the correct voltage, current, and resistance ranges when making measurements. The document also covers measuring voltage, adjusting analog meters, and issues that can arise from high impedance circuits like inaccurate readings when using cheaper analog meters.
The document describes different types of meters used to measure various electrical values. A digital voltmeter measures voltage through analog to digital conversion and displays the numeric value. Mechanical current meters use propellers to count rotations while the Ekman meter drops balls. A multimeter can measure voltage, current, and resistance in one device, either through analog pointers or digital displays. A galvanometer detects current through rotational deflection from a coil in a magnetic field. A clamp meter measures current without direct contact by clamping around a conductor. A wattmeter measures power in watts. An ohmmeter measures resistance while megohmmeters handle large values. A lux meter measures light intensity for the human eye. A tachometer displays
Digital and analogue meters are used to measure electrical quantities in circuits. Digital meters convert input signals to pulses and have advantages like being strong, accurate, and easy to read, but batteries need regular replacing and faults can be hard to identify. Analogue meters have a moving element and a linear scale, making them accurate, but they are fragile and expensive. Voltmeters are connected in parallel across a load to measure voltage. Ammeters are connected in series to measure current. Wattmeters simultaneously measure current and voltage to determine power. Ohmmeters are connected across a circuit element to measure its resistance or impedance. Instruments must be properly connected to circuits to obtain accurate readings of electrical quantities.
This document provides an introduction to electronic instruments and measurements. It begins with definitions of key terms like electronic, derived, and electron mechanism. It then lists and describes common electronic instruments like ammeters, voltmeters, wattmeters, multimeters, LCR meters, oscilloscopes, and signal generators. The document explains the working principles, types, and uses of ammeters and voltmeters in more detail. It also discusses transducers, displacement transducers, and LVDT transducers. In the end, it provides contact information for the author.
This document provides information on analog and digital sensors. It defines transducers as devices that convert one form of energy to another. Sensors are input transducers that can be passive (change resistance) or active (output voltage or current). Analog sensors output continuously variable signals, while digital sensors have only two states. Examples of analog sensors given include thermocouples and examples of digital include digital tachometers. The document then discusses analog and digital signals in more detail. It provides examples of applications for analog to digital conversion like microphones and strain gages. Finally, it covers the process of analog to digital conversion including quantizing the analog signal into discrete levels and encoding the levels with binary numbers.
Photo resistor devices its working and applications.Soudip Sinha Roy
Here you will get every details about photo resistor device and its applications. How it makes in factory. And the important thing is The Light-Controlled Switch Using a Transistor.
This document provides an overview of sensors and interfacing techniques. It discusses the basic components and principles of sensors, including the different types (e.g. temperature, pressure, humidity), as well as resistor, capacitor and inductor sensor types. It also describes interfacing temperature, humidity, pressure and proximity sensors to microcontrollers, with examples of interfacing the LM35 temperature sensor and a capacitive humidity sensor to an 8051 microcontroller using an ADC0809 analog-to-digital converter. Circuit diagrams and assembly language code are included.
This document provides information about various electronics measurement tools, including digital voltmeters, oscilloscopes, and multimeters. It discusses the operating principles and key components of digital voltmeters, which use analog-to-digital conversion to measure voltages. It describes oscilloscope functionality for measuring signal voltage over time using vertical and horizontal axes. Oscilloscopes contain components like CRTs, vertical and horizontal amplifiers, and trigger modes. Multimeters are also covered, which can measure voltage, current, resistance and other properties with a single handheld unit.
This document discusses essential concepts for understanding electrical circuits, including:
- Modern vehicles have many electrical and electronic systems that require troubleshooting skills. Understanding basic electrical concepts is key.
- Meters like multimeters are used to measure voltage, current, and resistance in circuits. Multimeters combine voltmeter, ammeter, and ohmmeter functions.
- Digital multimeters display actual numeric readings, making them suitable for sensitive electronic components, while analog multimeters use a needle dial. Proper interpretation of multimeter displays is important for obtaining accurate measurements.
Here are the steps to implement additional measurements for this three-phase semiconverter circuit example:
1. Add current sensors on the load side to measure phase currents
2. Add RMS blocks connected to the current sensors to calculate RMS current values
3. Add a wattmeter to measure load power
4. Calculate power factor using the measured voltage, current RMS values, and load power
5. Add THD blocks connected to the current sensors to calculate the total harmonic distortion of the load currents
6. Simulate the circuit for different alpha angles and record the additional measurement results
This allows a more complete analysis of the circuit performance including harmonic distortion, power quality, and efficiency. Let me know if
This document describes the design and fabrication of a MEMS-based fluid flow and pressure sensor using the hot wire principle. It outlines two senior design projects to 1) design a sensor to measure parameters like pressure, flow rate and velocity using thermal convection and 2) fabricate sensors using aluminum and nickel-chromium thin films deposited on glass. Testing showed the sensors' resistance changed measurably with changes in pressure and flow, demonstrating their ability to detect these fluid parameters. The document also discusses sensor applications, design, fabrication processes, test results and costs.
The document discusses different types of measurement instruments including PMMC instruments, ammeters, voltmeters, and ohmmeters. It provides details on the construction and working principles of PMMC instruments which use a permanent magnet and moving coil. It describes how ammeters and voltmeters work to measure current and voltage respectively based on their placements in series or parallel in a circuit. It also explains the types and uses of analog and digital ohmmeters to measure resistance. Finally, it provides an overview of clamp-on meters which allow current measurements to be taken without disconnecting wires.
This document discusses how various electrical measurement instruments are connected into circuits. It explains that a voltmeter is connected in parallel to measure voltage, an ammeter is connected in series to measure current, and a wattmeter uses both series and parallel connections to measure power by determining both current and voltage. An ohmmeter is also discussed, which measures impedance by connecting at each end of a circuit or load. Different types of analog meters like moving iron and moving coil meters are described along with their advantages and disadvantages. Digital meters and how they work are also covered.
This document discusses different types of basic electrical measuring instruments. It describes absolute instruments, like tangent galvanometers, which directly measure electrical quantities without needing calibration. Secondary instruments require calibration against a standard, examples being multimeters, clamp meters, ammeters and voltmeters. Multimeters are described in detail, including their display, selection knob and ports. The document explains how to use a multimeter to measure AC voltage, DC voltage, resistance, current and test continuity. Clamp meters and the working of ammeters and voltmeters are also briefly covered.
Similar to Introduction to Objects - building Measurement Systems (20)
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Session 1 - Intro to Robotic Process Automation.pdfUiPathCommunity
👉 Check out our full 'Africa Series - Automation Student Developers (EN)' page to register for the full program:
https://bit.ly/Automation_Student_Kickstart
In this session, we shall introduce you to the world of automation, the UiPath Platform, and guide you on how to install and setup UiPath Studio on your Windows PC.
📕 Detailed agenda:
What is RPA? Benefits of RPA?
RPA Applications
The UiPath End-to-End Automation Platform
UiPath Studio CE Installation and Setup
💻 Extra training through UiPath Academy:
Introduction to Automation
UiPath Business Automation Platform
Explore automation development with UiPath Studio
👉 Register here for our upcoming Session 2 on June 20: Introduction to UiPath Studio Fundamentals: https://community.uipath.com/events/details/uipath-lagos-presents-session-2-introduction-to-uipath-studio-fundamentals/
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This study was my first introduction to using ML which has shown me the immense potential of ML in creating more secure digital environments!
3. A Real
Some extra
diagnostic
DMMs
Example
A bunch of
Lockin amplifiers
A special
multiplexor we
built for this
At least 4 project
thermometers
Some instruments
are standalone -
A couple of
superconducting
some are embedded
magnets A (dual) magnet
power supply
in hardware.
5. Thermometry Example
• this is a current source
• this is a voltmeter
• this is a resistor that varies its resistance
with temperature - we can use it as a
thermometer
6. Resistance First
The actual circuit - we’ll
make a 4-point resistance
measurement.
Let’s code to measure the
resistance first.
7. Resistance Example
MyCurrSource
A (dual) current
source instrument
Let’s identify the instruments
that we might need to use.
FirstVoltmeter
A simple voltmeter
8. Thermometry Example
Now something to describe
MyCurrSource
the measurement process...
A (dual) current
source instrument
MyFirstResMeas
Which current
source ?
Which voltmeter ?
FirstVoltmeter
A simple voltmeter
9. Thermometry Example
MyFirstResMeas
Measure the Resistance Process
Which current source ?
‘Mycurrsource’
- set current to zero
Which voltmeter ?
- wait for 1s
‘FirstVoltmeter’
MyCurrSource
- measure the dc voltage (V1)
(take account of thermal offsets)
A (dual) current
source instrument FirstVoltmeter
- set current to 100µA
A simple voltmeter
- wait for 1s
- measure the new DC voltage (V2)
- set current to zero
- Calculate R as (V2-V1)/100µA
An example of the process
10. Thermometry Example
MyFirstResMeas
Which current source ?
‘Mycurrsource’
Which voltmeter ?
‘FirstVoltmeter’
MyCurrSource
FirstVoltmeter
A (dual) current
A simple voltmeter
source instrument
The structure of measurement systems naturally
factors into measurement processes (green) and the
instruments which they use (yellow).
11. Thermometry Example
MyCurrSource
Now add a second circuit
A (dual) current
source instrument
SecondVoltmeter
A simple voltmeter
12. Thermometry Example
Myfirstresmeas
MySecondResMeas
Which current source ?
Which current source ?
‘ MyCurrSource’
‘MyCurrSource’
Which voltmeter ?
Which voltmeter ?
‘FirstVoltmeter’
‘SecondVoltmeter’
MyCurrSource
FirstVoltmeter
A (dual) current
A simple voltmeter
source instrument
SecondVoltmeter
A simple voltmeter
Using object references allows different
measurements to share the same instruments.
13. Being able to call objects by reference is a
critical requirement for building a flexible
and reconfigurable system.
14. Making a thermometer
• Actually we package the resistor and
calibrate it to yield a thermometer
calibration file
X312 Calib.csv
20
15
+ 10
5
SN X312 0
0 7.5 15.0 30.0
15. Now add the calibration
Create a more specific measurement subclass
MySecondResMeas
Which current source ?
‘MyCurrSource’
MySecondThermMeas
Which voltmeter ?
‘SecondVoltmeter’ Which current source ?
‘Mycurrsource’
X312
Which voltmeter ?
20
‘SecondVoltmeter’
10
Where’s the calibration ?
‘C:dataX312.csv’
0
0 7.5 22.5
Keep the basic resistance code but add a
thermometer measurement subclass that has a
path to a calibration file stored on the file system.
16. The Final Object Model
MySecondThermMeas
MyCurrSource
X337
‘C:dataX337.csv’ SecondVoltmeter
SN X337
SN X312
MyFirstThermMeas
X312
FirstVoltmeter
‘C:dataX312.csv’
18. Measurements and
Instruments
Measurements
Almost all conceivable
MySecondThermMeas
MyFirstThermMeas
measurements can be
factored as a generic
measurement process
SecondVoltmeter
linked to some
FirstVoltmeter
instruments that do work
MyCurrSource
in the real world.
Instruments
19. Measurements, Instruments
.... and Controls
Measurements
Controls
MySecondThermMeas
ProbeHeater
MyFirstThermMeas
SampleMagneticField
SecondVoltmeter
FirstVoltmeter
Changes would be made
MyCurrSource
by accessing control
New CurrSource
objects not the
Instruments
instruments directly.
20. Control Loops
TempControlledStage
Measurements
Controls
get set
MySecondThermMeas
ProbeHeater
MyFirstThermMeas
SampleMagneticField
SecondVoltmeter
FirstVoltmeter
MyCurrSource
Control loops can be built
New CurrSource
by referencing both control
Instruments
and measurement objects.
21. Measurement systems can be
naturally factored into
Measurement, Instrument and
Control objects that work
together.
22. Measurement systems naturally factor into physical
•
Instrument and virtual Measurement and Control
classes.
•Accessing Objects by reference allows the system to
be reconfigured very easily.
This also allows instruments and measurements to
•
be shared for multiple purposes.
Scalable Architectures specialises in developing
measurement systems that scale continuously from
prototype to finished product.
St. Johns Innovation Centre
Scalable Cowley Road
Architectures Cambridge
CB4 0WS, UK
www.scalable-architectures.com