Introduction to Computers and I.T- Generations of Computers Invention of Computer Generation of Computers I. First Generation (1946-59) II. Second Generation(1957-64) III. Third Generation(1965-70) IV. Fourth Generation(1970-90) V. Fifth Generation(1990 till date)

1. TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75
Affiliated Institution of G.G.S.IP.U, Delhi
Introduction to Computers and I.T
(20107)
Generations of Computers
By:-
Charanpreet Kaur
Assistant Professor

2. TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75
As early as the seventeenth
century, mathematicians
were trying to create a
machine that could perform
basic mathematical
functions
such as, addition,
subtraction, division and
multiplication.
Invention of Computer

3. TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75

4. TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75
Generation of Computers
I. First Generation (1946-59)
II. Second Generation(1957-64)
III. Third Generation(1965-70)
IV. Fourth Generation(1970-90)
V. Fifth Generation(1990 till date)

5. TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75
First Generation Computers
1951-1959
• Characterized by vacuum tubes which burned
out very rapidly.
• The first generation of computers used
machine language or 0s and 1s.
• This generation also
used magnetic tape.

6. TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75
The ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator
and Computer) was unveiled in 1946.
ENIAC weighed 30 tons
contained 18,000
vacuum tubes

7. TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75
Second Generation Computers
1959-1963
The second generation
of computers used
transistors for the
internal operations.
They used magnetic core
for the memory.
These machines used
assembly language.

8. TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75
Second generation computer machines were
based on transistor technology.
Second generation computers were smaller as
compared to the first generation computers.
 They were more
portable and
generated less amount
of heat.

9. TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75
• These computers used
integrated circuits on silicon
chips.
• They were characterized with
high-level programming
languages which required logic
such as BASIC, Pascal, C, COBOL,
and Fortran
Third Generation Computers
1963-1975

10. TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75
• IC used
• More reliable and Faster
• Smaller size
• Generate less heat
• Lesser maintenance
• Still costly
• A.C. needed
• Consumed lesser electricity
• Support high-level language
The main features of Third Generation are:

11. TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75
• These computers use microprocessor chips.
• Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Languages
such as Visual Basic, and JAVA are
characteristic of this computer generation.
• The fourth generation of computers is marked
by the use of Very Large Scale Integrated
(VLSI) circuits. VLSI circuits having about
5000 transistors and other circuit elements
and their associated circuits on a single chip
made it possible to have microcomputers of
fourth generation.
Fourth Generation Computers
1970-1990

12. TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75
• VLSI technology used
• Very cheap
• Portable and reliable
• Use of PC's
• Very small size
• Pipeline processing
• No A.C. needed
• Concept of internet was
introduced
The main features of Fourth Generation are:

13. TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75
• The period of Fifth Generation is 1980-till
date.
• In the fifth generation, the VLSI technology
became ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration)
technology, resulting in the production of
microprocessor chips having ten million
electronic components.
Fifth Generation Computers
1990 till date

14. TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75
 This generation is based on
parallel processing hardware and
AI (Artificial Intelligence)
software.
 All the higher level languages
like C and C++, Java, .NET, etc.,
are used in this generation.

15. TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
Sector – 9, Dwarka Institutional Area, New Delhi-75