History can be defined in three ways: as past human activities, as a record of past events, and as the process of writing such records. Key elements in studying history include time, place, and culture or civilization. Civilization is characterized by a high standard of living and determinants such as a system of writing, government, and technology. There are two main periods in studying culture - prehistoric, before written language, and historic, after written language developed. Related disciplines include anthropology, which studies human societies and origins, and archaeology, which studies past life through artifacts. Scientific methods used in history include stratigraphic dating based on excavation depth and carbon-14 dating of emissions. Sources include fossils, artifacts,

1. BY
JOEMARI Y. GAPOL
CAS, FACULTY
LA SALLE UNIVERSITY, OZAMIZ CITY
Philippine History:
An Introduction

2. What is History?
- The term history stands for three highly
related but sharply differentiated concepts,
namely ; 1. As past human activities,
properly called as history- activity 2. as
the record of past human events known as
history-as-record and 3. as the process or
technique of making or writing such records,
properly called as history-as-
historiography.

3. Continuation
a. It is taken from the Greek
word historia which means
learning by investigation or
inquiry.
b. This could also be defined as
a story.

4. Important elements in studying history
1. Time
2. Place
3. Culture/civilization

5. Civilization
The state of having
a high standard of
living.

6. Determinants:
System of writing
System of government
High-technology

7. Periods in studying culture:
1) Prehistoric – the period wherein
written language was not yet
developed.
2) Historic – the period wherein
written language was developed.

8. Other disciplines related to history
 Anthropology
-the study of human races, origins, societies, and
cultures.
 Archaeology
-a science that deals with past human life and
activities by studying the bones, tools, etc., of
ancient people.

9. Scientific methods
Stratigraphic method
- the deeper the fossil is excavate, the more
ancient it can be assumed.
Carbon-14-dating
- emission of carbon.

10. Historical sources
Fossils
Artifacts
Oral traditions/Oral history
Published materials
Folklores