Trade among early Filipinos and with neighboring islands was conducted through barter. Gold and piloncitos (small bead-like gold bits) later emerged as early mediums of exchange. For at least 2,000 years before the Spanish arrival, small seafaring Filipino communities traded with Malaysia, Vietnam and China through barter. During the Spanish period, various coins circulated, including Toston coins brought by Magellan in 1521 and banknotes issued by El Banco Espanol Filipino de Isabel II, the country's first commercial bank. Philippine numismatics continued developing through U.S. occupation, the Japanese invasion, independence and the establishment of the Central Bank of the Philippines in 1949

1. Group Members:
Balde, Jonel
Castillo, Ara
Cruz, Karl
Lacson, Francis
Miraflor, Jamel
Regio, Revin Carlo

2. Topic: Pre-Hispanic Era
Trade among the early Filipinos and
with traders from the neighboring
islands was conducted through
barter. It was the chief means of
trading.
Barter- Exchange of goods without
involving money.

3. Illustration of barter:

4. The inconvenience of barter later led to the
use of some objects as medium of exchange.
Gold- which was plentiful in many parts of the
islands.

5. Piloncitos- small bead-liked gold bits
considered by the local numismatists as the
earliest coin of the ancient Filipinos, and gold
barter rings.

6. The term piloncito comes from the
word pilon, a local sugar container
that resembles the coin.

7. Philippine Chinese
merchants vs. Merchants

8. At least 2000 years before the arrival of
Spaniards, the Philippines is home to small
seafaring communities. These communities
traded with neighboring countries such as:
Malaysia
Vietnam
China
Trading was done through barter.

9. Chinese Ming Dynasty:
Ming- is one of the greatest eras of orderly
government and social stability in human
history.
Porcelain and metalware have been
unearthed in various parts of the Philippines
Unearthed- the means of recovering
through digging.

10. A short history:
Gold barter rings Ornaments and
and Piloncitos beads

11. From gold barter rings and piloncitos, to
ornaments and beads used by ancient
Filipinos as medium of exchange during pre-
Hispanic period, up to the present banknotes
and coins. Some of the coins that circulated
during the three centuries of Spanish rule are:
Toston or four reales coins brought by
Magellan and his men to the Philippines
in 1521.

12. Toston or Four Reales Coins:
Brought by Magellan:

13. Dos Mundos or Pillar Dollars:

14. The Fractional Coin:

15. Barilla in copper:

16. The portrait series coins:

17. An array of counterstamped coins with
Ferdinand VII and Isabel II symbolized the
authority of Spain over the Philippines.
Ferdinand VII Isabel II

18. When Casa De Moneda De Manila began
minting coins in 1861, the name “Filipinas”
appeared for the first time on its coins.
Casa De Moneda De Manila- was a branch of
the United States Mint.

19. Young Alfonso XIII was the last Spanish
monarch to grace the obverse of Philippine
coins.
The Spanish-Philippine peso coins bearing his
bust, which were minted solely for use in the
islands were last minted in 1877 and last
circulated in 1904.

20. Young Alfonso XIII

21. The establishment of El Banco Espanol Filipino
de Isabel II marked a significant chapter in the
development of Philippine numismatics.
It was the country’s first commercial bank and
in 1852, it issued the pesos fuertes- the first
banknotes used in the country.
The bank is known today as the Bank of the
Philippine Islands (BPI).

22. The Bank of the Philippine Islands (BPI)

23. In 1899- the 2-centavo copper coin was issued
by the first Philippine Republic.
In 1916- the Philippine National Bank (PNB)
opened to the public.
BPI and PNB notes circulated along with silver
and treasury certificates issued by the US
authorities in Manila.

24. In 1941- World War II broke out. The Japanese
Imperial Army occupied the Philippines.
Japanese Invasion Money (JIM) were issued by
the government.
The Filipinos then issued their own guerilla
notes or resistance currencies, which were
valid only in certain localities.

25. Guerilla notes

26. In 1946- Independence was finally attained.
The same victory notes were issued to
announce the establishment of the Central
Bank with the words, “Central Bank of the
Philippines (CBP)”.
On January 3, 1949- CBP was established.
In 1951- it began circulating its own currency
of English Series notes promoted by Thomas
De La Rue in England.

27. Thomas De La Rue

28. In 1967- the Pilipino Series notes were
introduced.
In 1978- the Security Plant Complex (SPC) with
facilities for printing, minting, and gold
refinery was established.

29. The first banknotes printed were the “Ang
Bagong Lipunan Series (ABL)”.
In 1985- “New Design Series” was printed.

30. Spanish Era