Introducing the ICARDA-ILRI Training Course on Methods and Approaches on Phenotypic Characterization of Animal Genetic Resources (Goats), Addis Ababa, 20-21 December 2012
Presented by Halima Hassan (ICARDA) at the ILRI-ICARDA Training Course on Methods and approaches of Phenotypic characterization of Animal Genetic Resources (Goats), Addis Ababa, 20-21 December 2012
Capacity development in animal breeding and genetics—Insights and opportuniti...ILRI
Presented by J.M.K. Ojango, B. Malmfors, J. Philipsson, I. Dror and A.M.Okeyo at the Agri4D annual conference on agricultural research for development Uppsala, Sweden, 25−26 September 2013
The Biosciences eastern and central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub and the John Innes Centre (JIC) have formed an alliance to strengthen their support of African agricultural research. By leveraging their respective expertise and resources, the alliance aims to empower African scientists and institutions to address key agricultural challenges through bioscience. Initial activities under the 2014 memorandum of understanding between BecA-ILRI and JIC include transferring synthetic biology platforms, staff exchanges, and jointly training students. The goal of the ongoing collaboration is to maximize the impact of their research on food security in Africa.
Asia Regional Program- Planning Meeting"Strengthening WCA-region collaboratio...ICRISAT
Sharing West Africa experiences and lessons learnt from the national science-policy platforms for informed policy planning in Senegal, Ghana, Mali and Burkina Faso.Piloting and up scaling efficient management and utilization of land and water resources
This document discusses genetic engineering and provides perspectives on both its benefits and drawbacks. It defines genetic engineering as manually adding new DNA to an organism to introduce new traits. Potential benefits include developing pest-resistant crops, more precise trait selection compared to traditional breeding, and using genetic engineering to address issues like world hunger and dependence on fossil fuels. However, critics argue it can lead to the development of pesticide-resistant weeds and insects and unintended traits transferring to other organisms. The author ultimately supports genetic engineering if done ethically and cites its potential to cure diseases and alleviate human suffering. The document ends with questions about how genetic engineering should be governed and whether it constitutes natural human evolution.
- The experiment bred silver foxes for tameness over many generations. Foxes were scored for tameness and the most tame bred.
- Over generations, the population showed increased tameness and changes in appearance not selected for, like fur color changes.
- By generation 30, nearly 50% of foxes actively sought human contact like dogs. Control foxes showed no such changes.
- This provided evidence that selecting for behavior alone can cause linked genetic changes in appearance, supporting the hypothesis.
Genetic diversity is the variation of genes within and between populations of a species. It is important for species survival and adaptability. Loss of genetic diversity reduces a species' ability to adapt to environmental changes and increases risks of inbreeding, which can lead to extinction. Key causes of loss of diversity include habitat loss and degradation, pollution, monocultures in agriculture that replace diverse landraces and varieties, and overexploitation of wild species. Conservation aims to preserve natural patterns of genetic diversity to maintain options for future evolution. Loss of genetic diversity is potentially the most serious environmental problem because it cannot be reversed within just a few generations.
Here are some potential implications of selective breeding for each area of concern:
1. Ecosystems - Domesticated species may become invasive if they escape and outcompete native species. Monocultures may lack resilience.
2. Genetic biodiversity - Narrowing of gene pool over time from focusing on few traits. Increased inbreeding depression. Loss of genetic variation makes populations more vulnerable.
3. Health/survival of individuals - Some breeds may experience health/welfare issues from being bred for extreme traits. Requires intervention like C-sections.
4. Survival of populations - Reliance on humans for care/breeding. Loss of ability to survive without human intervention if reintroduced to wild
Capacity development in animal breeding and genetics—Insights and opportuniti...ILRI
Presented by J.M.K. Ojango, B. Malmfors, J. Philipsson, I. Dror and A.M.Okeyo at the Agri4D annual conference on agricultural research for development Uppsala, Sweden, 25−26 September 2013
The Biosciences eastern and central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub and the John Innes Centre (JIC) have formed an alliance to strengthen their support of African agricultural research. By leveraging their respective expertise and resources, the alliance aims to empower African scientists and institutions to address key agricultural challenges through bioscience. Initial activities under the 2014 memorandum of understanding between BecA-ILRI and JIC include transferring synthetic biology platforms, staff exchanges, and jointly training students. The goal of the ongoing collaboration is to maximize the impact of their research on food security in Africa.
Asia Regional Program- Planning Meeting"Strengthening WCA-region collaboratio...ICRISAT
Sharing West Africa experiences and lessons learnt from the national science-policy platforms for informed policy planning in Senegal, Ghana, Mali and Burkina Faso.Piloting and up scaling efficient management and utilization of land and water resources
This document discusses genetic engineering and provides perspectives on both its benefits and drawbacks. It defines genetic engineering as manually adding new DNA to an organism to introduce new traits. Potential benefits include developing pest-resistant crops, more precise trait selection compared to traditional breeding, and using genetic engineering to address issues like world hunger and dependence on fossil fuels. However, critics argue it can lead to the development of pesticide-resistant weeds and insects and unintended traits transferring to other organisms. The author ultimately supports genetic engineering if done ethically and cites its potential to cure diseases and alleviate human suffering. The document ends with questions about how genetic engineering should be governed and whether it constitutes natural human evolution.
- The experiment bred silver foxes for tameness over many generations. Foxes were scored for tameness and the most tame bred.
- Over generations, the population showed increased tameness and changes in appearance not selected for, like fur color changes.
- By generation 30, nearly 50% of foxes actively sought human contact like dogs. Control foxes showed no such changes.
- This provided evidence that selecting for behavior alone can cause linked genetic changes in appearance, supporting the hypothesis.
Genetic diversity is the variation of genes within and between populations of a species. It is important for species survival and adaptability. Loss of genetic diversity reduces a species' ability to adapt to environmental changes and increases risks of inbreeding, which can lead to extinction. Key causes of loss of diversity include habitat loss and degradation, pollution, monocultures in agriculture that replace diverse landraces and varieties, and overexploitation of wild species. Conservation aims to preserve natural patterns of genetic diversity to maintain options for future evolution. Loss of genetic diversity is potentially the most serious environmental problem because it cannot be reversed within just a few generations.
Here are some potential implications of selective breeding for each area of concern:
1. Ecosystems - Domesticated species may become invasive if they escape and outcompete native species. Monocultures may lack resilience.
2. Genetic biodiversity - Narrowing of gene pool over time from focusing on few traits. Increased inbreeding depression. Loss of genetic variation makes populations more vulnerable.
3. Health/survival of individuals - Some breeds may experience health/welfare issues from being bred for extreme traits. Requires intervention like C-sections.
4. Survival of populations - Reliance on humans for care/breeding. Loss of ability to survive without human intervention if reintroduced to wild
Digitally-enabled information and service platforms for pro-poor agro-livest...ILRI
Presentation by Ficarelli, P.P.; Samaddar, A.; Padmakumar, V.; Sharbendu Benerjee, S. Presentation to an ILRI- IBM Informal meeting, New Delhi, India, 31 August 2010
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Delivering systematic information on indigenous farm animal genetic resources...ILRI
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Tanzania dairy genetics project: Identifying appropriate germplasm for smallh...ILRI
Presented by Dennis Mujibi (ILRI) at the Inception workshop of the AgriTT project: Evaluation of breed composition, productivity and fitness for smallholder dairy cattle in Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, 10-11 June 2014
Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH)ILRI
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The GCP is a 10-year program launched in 2003 with a $15 million annual budget to improve crops in harsh drought-prone environments in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. It partners with over 200 institutes including the CGIAR. The GCP aims to use genetic diversity and plant science to develop improved crop varieties for food security. It focuses on cereals, legumes, roots, and tubers through research themes, initiatives, and an integrated breeding platform. Major achievements include developing genetic resources, genomic tools, and stress-resistant markers. Moving forward, the GCP faces challenges in monitoring and evaluating impact, ensuring product delivery, and strengthening partnerships to complete its work by 2013.
Update on the Ethiopia sheep and goats value chain development projectILRI
Presented by Barbara Rischkowsky, ICARDA, at the Ethiopia Small Ruminants Value Chain Strategy and Implementation Planning Workshop, Addis Ababa, 13-14 June 2014
A journey towards meeting African farmers’ needs, the IBP perspective.pptxssuser5893431
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Integrating crops and livestock for improved food security and livelihoods in...ILRI
Poster prepared by G.J. Manyawu, S. Moyo, I. Nyagumbo, A. van Rooyen, S. Homann, G. Tesfahan, P. Masikate, W. Mupangwa, J. Nyamangara, D. Rodriguez, N. Macleod, I. Chakoma, E. Mutsamba, S.Mugwara, T. Dube and J. Mataruse for the ILRI APM 2013, Addis Ababa, 15-17 May 2013
This document summarizes agricultural biotechnology efforts in West Africa. It discusses enabling policies like ECOWAS and UEMOA programs, as well as capacity building projects from USAID, WAAPP, and others. Key capacities mentioned include CORAF/WECARD base centers and national institutions. Applications that have been promoted include biofortified sorghum, cowpea resistant to pod borers, virus-resistant rice, and cassava produced through tissue culture. Over 300 researchers were trained in topics like molecular breeding and biosafety. A regional biosafety framework was developed along with national implementation support. Priorities for the future include new projects, finalizing regional biosafety, and strengthening biosciences networking and
Harnessing genetic diversity for improving goat productivity in AfricaILRI
The document summarizes a project aimed at harnessing genetic diversity to improve goat productivity in Africa. The project's objectives were to increase goat productivity through strengthening national goat breeding programs in selected countries. Major activities included identifying partners, building a research team with 13 fellows completing studies, providing training, defining breeding objectives participatorily, establishing community-based breeding programs and index-based selection programs, characterizing farming systems and goat populations, and producing over 20 scientific papers. Key achievements were characterizing indigenous goat populations at a genomic level and building capacity. Next steps involve strengthening existing interventions, further understanding genomic landscapes and population dynamics, and supporting breeding programs with molecular tools like genomic evaluation and DNA profiling.
Highlights on 2019 research outputs and outcomesICARDA
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Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
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Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
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Introducing the ICARDA-ILRI Training Course on Methods and Approaches on Phenotypic Characterization of Animal Genetic Resources (Goats), Addis Ababa, 20-21 December 2012
1. Introducing the ICARDA-ILRI Training
Course on Methods and Approaches on
Phenotypic Characterization of Animal
Genetic Resources (Goats)
Addis Ababa, 20-21 December 2012
Halima Hassan (ICARDA)
3. Project 1:
Improving the livelihoods of smallholders through implementation of
sustainable small ruminant (goats) improvement programs
Objective(s)
Compile the state of knowledge on Ethiopian goat populations to
identify traits of economic importance (reproduction, growth, age
at maturity, disease and parasites resistances) to be targeted and
plan field studies for selecting study regions and goat populations;
Characterize selected Ethiopian goat breeds both at morphological
and molecular levels for economic importance traits;
Undertake association mapping to identify diagnostic markers to be
used in marker assisted selection (MAS) breeding program;
Strengthen NARS through human resource capacity development
for enhancing technology generation and transfer. 3
4. ICARDA and EMBRAPA
Duration:
2 years (2013 to 2014)
Donor:
Africa-Brazil-LAC Agriculture Innovation
Marketplace
5. Project 2: Harnessing genetic diversity for
improving livestock productivity: goats
Objective(s)
Exploration of the goat genetic landscape;
Strengthening national goat breeding programs leveraging
genetic diversity information;
Capacity building, information gathering and sharing.
ILRI BecA-Hub
Duration: 3 years (2012 to2014)
Donor: Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency
(Sida)
6. About the Training Course
Targeting
Researchers from National Agricultural Research
System
and ICARDA & ILRI graduate fellows
Output
21 professionally trained NARS partners (EIAR,
RARIs’
and IBC) and graduate fellows
7. Course Outline
An Overview: More milk, meat, and fish by and for
the poor CGIAR Research Program (CRP 3.7)
Conceptual framework of AnGRs characterization
Operational framework of AnGRs
Data collection, data management and analysis
Reporting and communication
Checklist
7