Intro to html 5

Brownbag
1
“Introduction to HTML 5”

Web Technologies Timeline
YEAR WEB TECHNOLOGY
1991 HTML
1994 HTML 2
1996 CSS1 + JAVA SCRIPT
1997 HTML 4
1998 CSS2
2000 XHTML 1
2002 TABLELESS WEB DESIGN
2005 AJAX
2009 HTML 5
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HTML 4 Structure
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HTML4PageStructure

HTML 5 is Backward
Compatible
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Content Model
 The content model is what defines how elements may
be.
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METADATA CONTENT
 Metadata content is content that sets up the
presentation or behavior of the rest of the content, or
that sets up the relationship of the document with other
documents, or that conveys other "out of band"
information.
 <base>, <command>, <link>, <eta>, <noscript>, <script>,
<style>, <title>
 Visit http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec-LC/content-
models.html#metadata-content-0 for more information
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FLOW CONTENT
 Most elements that are used in the body of
documents and applications are categorized as flow
content.
 <a>, <article>, <section>, <span>
models.html#flow-content-0 for the complete list

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SECTIONING CONTENT
 Sectioning content is content that defines the scope of
headings and footers.
 <article>, <aside>, <nav>, <section>
models.html#sectioning-content-0 for more information
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HEADING CONTENT
 Heading content defines the header of a section
(whether explicitly marked up using sectioning content
elements, or implied by the heading content itself).
 <h1>, <h2>, <h3>, <h4>, <h5>, <h6>, <hgroup>
models.html#heading-content-0 for more information
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PHRASING CONTENT
 Phrasing content is the text of the document, as well
as elements that mark up that text at the intra-
paragraph level. Runs of phrasing
content form paragraphs.
 <b>, <button>, <canvas>, <cite>, <code>, <em>, <embed>,
<i>, <iframe>, <img>, <input>, <script>, <select>,
models.html#phrasing-content-0 for the complete list
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EMBEDDED CONTENT
 Embedded content is content that imports another
resource into the document, or content from another
vocabulary that is inserted into the document.
 <audio>, <canvas>, <embed>, <iframe>, <img>, <math>,
<object>, <svg>, <video>
models.html#embedded-content-0 for more information
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INTERACTIVE CONTENT
 Interactive content is content that is specifically
intended for user interaction.
 <a>, <button>, <details>, <embed>, <iframe>, <keygen>,
<label>, <select>, <textarea>
models.html#interactive-content-0 for more information
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A quick introduction to
HTML
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A basic HTML document looks
like this:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Sample Pages</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Sample page</h1>
<p>This is a <a href="demo.html">simple</a>
sample.</p>

<p>Example paragraph</p>
</body>
</html>
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Here is an example document that
conforms to the HTML syntax:
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Example document</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
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Here is an example document that
conforms to the XML syntax of HTML:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Example document</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
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New Structural Elements
 For better structure
 SECTION
 ARTICLE
 MAIN
 ASIDE
 HEADER
 FOOTER
 NAV
 FIGURE & FIGCAPTION
 TEMPLATE
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HTML Document
Typical HTML Structural
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<header>
<footer>
<nav> <aside>
<section>
<main>
<article>

HTML Document
Another Typical HTML
Structure
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<header>
<footer>
<nav>
<aside>
<section>
<main>
<article>

<header> element
 The header element represents the header of a section.
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<nav> element
 Group of navigational links
 The nav element represents a section of a document
that links to other documents or to parts within the
document itself; that is, a section of navigation links.
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<article> element
 The article element represents a section of content that
forms an independent part of a document or site; for
example, a magazine or newspaper article, or a blog
entry.
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<section> element
 The section element represents a section of a
document, typically with a title or heading.
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<main> element
 The main element represents the main content section
of the body of a document or application.
 The main content section consists of content that is
directly related to or expands upon the central topic of
a document or central functionality of an application.
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<aside> element
 Tangential content
 The aside element represents content that is
tangentially related to the content that forms the main
textual flow of a document.
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<footer> element
 he footer element represents the footer for the section
it applies to.
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Sample Structure:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Sample Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<header>…</header>
<nav>…</nav>
<section>
<main>…</main>
<article>…</article>
</section>
<aside>…</aside>
<footer>…</footer>
</body>
</html>
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<figure> element
 The figure element represents a unit of content,
optionally with a caption, that is self-contained, that is
typically referenced as a single unit from the main flow
of the document, and that can be moved away from the
main flow of the document without affecting the
document’s meaning.
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<figcaption> element
 The figcaption element represents a caption or legend
for a figure.
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Sample Code:
<section>
<h1>ABCDE</h1>
<p>……</p>
<figure>
<img src=“01.jpg” />
<figurecaption>
Sample Figure Caption
</figurecaption>
</figure>
</section>
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 Other New Element
 VIDEO AND AUDIO
 TRACK
 EMBED
 MARK
 PROGRESS
 METER
 TIME
 RUBY, RT, AND RP
 BDI
 WBR
 CANVAS
 DATALIST
 KEYGEN
 OUTPUT
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<video> element
 The video element represents a video or movie.
 Some useful attributes:
 src (none empty URL, potentially surrounded by spaces)
 autoplay ("autoplay" or "" (empty string) or empty)
 controls ("controls" or "" (empty string) or empty)
 loop ("loop" or "" (empty string) or empty Instructs the UA
to seek back to the start of the video upon reaching the
end.)
 height (non-negative integer. The height of the video, in
CSS pixels.)
 width (non-negative integer. The width of the video, in
CSS pixels.)
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Sample Code:
<figure>
<video controls
src="http://media.w3.org/2010/05/bunny/movie.ogv">
Your user agent does not support the HTML5 Video
element.
</video>
<figcaption>
This is a sample Video
</figcaption>
</figure>
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<audio> element
 An audio element represents an audio stream.
 src (URL potentially surrounded by spaces. The URL for the
audio stream.)
 autoplay ("autoplay" or "" (empty string) or empty.
Instructs the UA to automatically begin playback of the
audio stream as soon as it can do so without stopping.)
 controls ("controls" or "" (empty string) or empty. Instructs
the UA to expose a user interface for controlling playback
of the audio stream.)
 loop ("loop" or "" (empty string) or empty. Instructs the UA
to seek back to the start of the audio stream upon
reaching the end.)
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Instructs the UA to expose a user interface for controlling playback of the audio stream.

Sample Code:
<figure>
<audio controls>
<source src="http://media.w3.org/2010/07/bunny/04-
Death_Becomes_Fur.mp4" type='audio/mp4'>
<source src="http://media.w3.org/2010/07/bunny/04-
Death_Becomes_Fur.oga" type='audio/ogg;
codecs=vorbis'>
<p>Your user agent does not support the HTML5 Audio
element.</p>
</audio>
<figcaption>
This is a sample audio
</figcaption>
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<canvas> element
 Canvas for Dynamic Graphics
 The canvas element represents a resolution-dependent
bitmap canvas, which can be used for dynamically
rendering of images such as game graphics, graphs, or
other images.
 height (non-negative integer. The height of the canvas, in
CSS pixels.)
 width (non-negative integer. The width of the canvas, in
CSS pixels.)
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Using Canvas
<canvas id="myCanvas" width="200"
height="100” style="border:1px solid
#c3c3c3;">
Your browser does not support the canvas element.
</canvas>
<script>
var canvas = document.getElementById("myCanvas");
var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
ctx.fillStyle = "#FF0000";
ctx.fillRect(0,0,150,75);
</script> 42

• The input element's type attribute now has
the following new values:
 tel
 search
 url
 email
 date
 time
 number
 range
 color
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Some New Attributes
 Several attributes have been introduced to various
elements that were already part of HTML4:
 charset attribute for the meta element
 autofocus attribute can be specified on several form
elements.
 placeholder attribute can be specified on the input and
textarea elements.
 required attribute for several form elements
 disabled attribute for a fieldset element.
 autocomplete, min, max, multiple, pattern and step
attributes for input element.
 list attribute for the input element.
 maxlength, minlength and wrap attributes for the textarea
element
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 The following elements are not in HTML because their
effect is purely presentational and their function is
better handled by CSS:
 basefont
 big
 center
 font
 strike
 tt
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 The following elements are not in HTML because using
them damages usability and accessibility:
 frame
 frameset
 noframes
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 The following elements are not included because they
have not been used often, created confusion, or their
function can be handled by other elements:
 acronym is not included because it has created a lot of
confusion. Web developers are to use abbr for
abbreviations.
 applet has been obsoleted in favor of object.
 isindex usage can be replaced by usage of form controls.
 dir has been obsoleted in favor of ul.
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References:
 http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/
 http://www.w3.org/TR/html5-diff/
 http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec-LC/content-models.html
 http://www.w3.org/TR/html-markup/elements.html
 http://www.w3.org/wiki/HTML_structural_elements
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Title Introduction to HTML 5
Version 1.0
By Ian Jasper Mangampo
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Intro to html 5

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