Alchemy, the art of fiction and science intertwined. Or is it? Alchemy is about as old as man himself. See for yourself what mysteries lie awaiting your gaze. Gloucester, Virginia Links and News. GVLN. Visit us for all kinds of incredible works.
Alchemy, the art of fiction and science intertwined. Or is it? Alchemy is about as old as man himself. See for yourself what mysteries lie awaiting your gaze. Gloucester, Virginia Links and News. GVLN. Visit us for all kinds of incredible works.
Scope of research - Research Methodology - Manu Melwin Joymanumelwin
Technological innovations: Research is conducted to know & adapt new technological innovations, developments in machinery, method, etc. used . For e.g., to know level of use of information technology e.g. Networking, Tally, SAP, etc. in the organization.
David Resnik - MedicReS World Congress 2012MedicReS
Ethical Dilemmas in Scientific Research
David B. Resnik, JD, PhD, NIEHS/NIH
This research is supported by the NIEHS/NIH. It does not represent the views of the NIEHS, NIH, or US government.
Research tools & data collection method_vipinVIPIN PATIDAR
data collection method-
it include following sub points-
1) definition of research tool
2) data
3) primary and secondary data
4) observation method
5) interview
6) questionnaire
7) physiological measure
Lesson 3 Atomos, Aristotle and Alchemy (Chemistry Before Modern History)Simple ABbieC
Lesson 3 Atomos, Aristotle and Alchemy (Chemistry Before Modern History)
CONTENT:
How the idea of the atom, along with the idea of the elements evolved
CONTENT STANDARD
At the end of the lesson, you will have to describe:
1. how the concept of the atom evolved from Ancient Greek to the present; and
2. how the concept of the element evolved from Ancient Greek to the present
LEARNING COMPETENCIES
At the end of the lesson, you will have to:
1. describe the ideas of the Ancient Greeks on the atom (S11/12PS-IIIa-b-5)
2. describe the ideas of the Ancient Greeks on the elements (2 hours) (S11/12PS-IIIa-b-6)
3. describe the contributions of the alchemists to the science of chemistry (S11/12PS-IIIb-7)
Dr. Aldemaro Romero Jr. talks about the fundamentals of the History and Philosophy of Science in this documentary. You can also watch it for free and in full at: https://www.academia.edu/courses/plqxp1?tab=0&v=Ee0Anb
This is a presentation about the nature of science of my source "History and Philosophy of Science". You can watch the video version at: https://www.academia.edu/courses/plqxp1?tab=0&v=DPrRKE
Scope of research - Research Methodology - Manu Melwin Joymanumelwin
Technological innovations: Research is conducted to know & adapt new technological innovations, developments in machinery, method, etc. used . For e.g., to know level of use of information technology e.g. Networking, Tally, SAP, etc. in the organization.
David Resnik - MedicReS World Congress 2012MedicReS
Ethical Dilemmas in Scientific Research
David B. Resnik, JD, PhD, NIEHS/NIH
This research is supported by the NIEHS/NIH. It does not represent the views of the NIEHS, NIH, or US government.
Research tools & data collection method_vipinVIPIN PATIDAR
data collection method-
it include following sub points-
1) definition of research tool
2) data
3) primary and secondary data
4) observation method
5) interview
6) questionnaire
7) physiological measure
Lesson 3 Atomos, Aristotle and Alchemy (Chemistry Before Modern History)Simple ABbieC
Lesson 3 Atomos, Aristotle and Alchemy (Chemistry Before Modern History)
CONTENT:
How the idea of the atom, along with the idea of the elements evolved
CONTENT STANDARD
At the end of the lesson, you will have to describe:
1. how the concept of the atom evolved from Ancient Greek to the present; and
2. how the concept of the element evolved from Ancient Greek to the present
LEARNING COMPETENCIES
At the end of the lesson, you will have to:
1. describe the ideas of the Ancient Greeks on the atom (S11/12PS-IIIa-b-5)
2. describe the ideas of the Ancient Greeks on the elements (2 hours) (S11/12PS-IIIa-b-6)
3. describe the contributions of the alchemists to the science of chemistry (S11/12PS-IIIb-7)
Dr. Aldemaro Romero Jr. talks about the fundamentals of the History and Philosophy of Science in this documentary. You can also watch it for free and in full at: https://www.academia.edu/courses/plqxp1?tab=0&v=Ee0Anb
This is a presentation about the nature of science of my source "History and Philosophy of Science". You can watch the video version at: https://www.academia.edu/courses/plqxp1?tab=0&v=DPrRKE
Origin of life-where did life come fromArosek Padhi
this chapter prompts you to wonder where did life as we know it came from. this is a presentation from Dr.Tithi Parija (asst professor) from KIIT school of biotechnology including different theories from different thinkers and scientists
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2. The Scientific Method
Science is a cyclic process to determine the best
explanation of a phenomena.
observe /
experiment
? explain
3. The Scientific Method
Explanations, called hypotheses, are “tested”
with controlled experiments in a laboratory,
and/or systematic collection of data in the
uncontrolled ‘real world.’
more experiments
experiments repeated experiments
speculation Hypothesis theory
real world repeated real
observations world observations
more real world observations
4. The Scientific Method
Usually, multiple explanations are
possible and each needs to be evaluated.
? Explanation 1
Explanation 2
Explanation 3
5. For example: CO2, CH4, and the transmission of
heat and light through air
Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) hinder the
transmission of heat (long wave radiation) through air
Ch4 Co2
long wave radiation
6. For example: CO2, CH4, and the transmission of
heat and light through air
• The temperature of the Earth has warmed as the
concentration of CO2 and CH4 have increased
• “Proof” that human contributions of those gasses are the
cause is not possible. It will never be possible, even if all
the ice melts.
Co2
Ch4
other factors
(volcanoes,
planetary cycles…)
7. “Proof” is in the eye of the beholder
• Science supports or refutes hypotheses with
evidence.
• Scientific evidence is
ALWAYS subject to
interpretation.
• It is the weight of multiple lines of evidence
that is sometimes accepted as “proof.”
8. plate
tectonics…
… is the best explanation of multiple lines of evidence, e.g.:
– earthquakes along lines of contact
– sea floor spreading
– rock record of organism interactions
… has been extensively studied and supported
… is accepted as theory
10. Technology
• The application of knowledge for practical purposes;
the modification of materials to meet human needs.
• Cooked food, smelted ores, alcohol, pharmaceuticals.
11. Philosophy
• The application of scientific theory, developed over
time with extensive experimentation and observation,
to explain the behavior of matter.
• Plate tectonics, evolution, global warming.
12. A very brief history of science
Greek philosophers (~2500 yrs ago)
13. history of science, continued
• Aristotle (384 – 322 BC)
explained matter as composed of four elements:
• Air
• Fire
• Water
• Earth
in different combinations with variable temperature and moisture
content – to yield solids, liquids, and gases with different
properties.
• Dominated for ~2000 years
14. history of science, continued
Alchemy (500-1600 AD)
– A mystical blend of chemistry,
magic, and religion
– Gold, seen as the purest form of
matter, was the goal
– Several metals are still identified
with their planetary symbol, first
assigned by alchemists
– Planted the roots of
experimental science, especially
chemistry
15. Other Chemistry GREATS
Robert Boyle – Boyle’s Gas Law (which lead to the Ideal Gas Law)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyle%27s_law
In a closed system with fixed mass and temperature, pressure and volume are
inversely proportional—meaning that as one goes up, the other goes down.
Antoine Lavosier – Law of the Conservation of Mass
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_of_mass
In a closed system, mass is neither created nor destroyed, though it can take
different forms.
Robert Dalton – Dalton’s Atomic Theory
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dalton#Atomic_theory
• All matter is composed of tiny, indivisible particles called atoms.
• All atoms of a particular element are identical, but the atoms of one element differ
from the atoms of any other element.
• Atoms of different elements combine with each other in certain whole-number
proportions to form compounds.
• In a chemical reaction, atoms are rearranged to form new compounds; they are not
created, destroyed, or changed into atoms of any other elements.
All links IYW
16. history of science, continued
Learn more about Alchemy
http://www.rsc.org/chemsoc/visualelements/pages/alchemist/a
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemy
And the history of Chemical Science
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_chemistry
All links IYW
Editor's Notes
Hello. This is the first screencast and is intended to provide some basic background on science and chemistry that is not included in the book. An essential understanding of the scientific method is critical for all citizens in the modern world and this screencast briefly review the benefits and limitations of science before we get started with the semester. The objectives for this week are for you to be able to: Briefly describe the scientific method including an essential history of chemical science; Appreciate the values and limitations of science; Begin to construct a framework for understanding chemistry’s role in modern society.
Science is cyclic process of hypothesis development and testing
A phenomena, problem, or question is identified and reasonable explanations/answers are formulated. The key to the scientific method is figuring out how to test those hypotheses. Tests are meant to check the limits of the hypothesis as a feasible explanation. In a laboratory, conditions can be controlled and experimental tests can establish clear findings relating one phenomena to another. However, in the real world, we cannot control conditions so much as we can recognize them. Observational studies are inherently weaker than experimental studies because of that lack of control, but in the real world, observation is , EXAMPLES!
All reasonable explanations must be considered. Most often, multiple factors are contributing to a particular outcome and the real puzzle is determining the relative weight of each factor. The puzzle is further complicated if those factors (possible explanations) influence each other. For example, what killed the dinosaurs? Was it just an asteroid impact? More research has found that dinosaurs were already on the decline. The weather changing and mammals were stealing eggs and otherwise impairing dinosaur populations. This case is a good example of how there are usually not just multiple possible explanations, but truly a combination of factors that make clear “cause and effect” relationships elusive.
In the laboratory, it can be clearly demonstrated that the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ), each have an unusual ability to hinder the transmission of heat (long wave radiation) through air.
In the real world, we can see that the surface temperature of Earth has warmed as the concentrations of CO 2 and CH 4 have increased. There is extensive evidence that the concurrence of these trends is not just “coincidental, ” but other things have changed at the same time, so a definitive conclusion that human caused contributions of those gasses are totally responsible is not possible, or even likely.
Scientific evidence can be strong or weak, and it can support of refute particular ideas about the world, but it always needs to be interpreted. Science is intended to support or refute hypotheses, allowing scientists to continually improve their understanding of a phenomena. The truth is that science can never “prove” that a hypothesis will hold in every situation, every time.
“ Theories” such as plate tectonics grow and change as scientific evidence accumulates and the general explanation is not refuted but rather refined, and widely considered “proven.”
Science is used in two realms: Technological (factual) Philosophical (theoretical)
Technology is based on fact – it is t he application of knowledge for practical purposes; the modification of materials to meet human needs. Cooked food, smelted ores, alcohol, pharmaceuticals.
Philosophy is based on theory – it is the a pplication of theory, developed over time with extensive experimentation and observation, to explain the behavior of matter.
Greek philosophers (~2500 yrs ago) speculated and observed but did not experiment or “test” what they believed.
Aristotle (384 – 322 BC) explained matter as composed of four elements: Fire Water Air Earth in different combinations with variable temperature and moisture content – to yield solids, liquids, and gases with different properties. Dominated for ~2000 years
Alchemy (500-1600 AD) A mystical blend of chemistry, magic, and religion gold was thought to be the purest form of matter different methods were used to (try to) produce gold… none succeeded, but many substance were identified techniques, such as extraction and distillation, were developed and interest in human health was sparked : “internal alchemy” Several metals are still identified with their planetary symbol, first assigned by alchemists Planted the roots of experimental science, especially chemistry
We are skipping a lot of important detail, but these great thinkers were ahead of their time and paved the way for modern chemistry. We’ll learn more about these principles and the errors within as we learn more about atoms, and how they make substances next week, and we’ll be hearing about gas laws and the conservation of mass later in the term.