This presentation provides the information about zigbee network functionalities. The procedure of Zigbee Personal Area Network creation, joining with the Personal Area Network, Allowing the device, routers to join & leave the network.

1. Internet of Things ( IoT )
ZigBee Network
Function - Session 3

2. Zigbee Network Architecture
ZC ZR
ZR
ZEDZED
ZED
ZED
External
Network

3. Zigbee PHY Frame Format
4 Bytes (32 bits) 1 Byte 1 Byte Bytes Variable
( 0 – 127 )
Preamble SFD PHR Payload
Synchronization Header PHY Frame Header PHY Payload

4. ZigBee MAC Frame Format
2 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 2 Byte 2 Byte 2 Byte Variable
(0 – 102)
2 Byte
Frame
Control
Seq
Num
Dest
PAN
Dest
Address
Source
PAN
Source
Address
Frame
Payload
FCS
Network Addressing
MHR MSDU MFR

5. ZigBee Device Addressing
• 64 bit address
– Uniquely identifies the node and is permanent
• 16 bit address
– Assigned to a node when node joins a network
– Network address is unique to each node in
network
– Network addresses are not static
– Address changes
• When end device leaves & join back with the network
• Device type changes from router to end device or vice-
versa

6. Personal Area Network
• Co Ordinator selects a channel & PAN ID
• Routers and End Devices will join the PAN
• PAN ID is selected by the co-ordinator, when it
starts the PAN
• The device like router & end device will be part of
the PAN, when they join the network.
• Supports mesh routing
– Data traverse multiple nodes to reach the destination
– All devices will receive 16 bit address when it joins the
network
– 16 bit address of coordinator is always 0

7. Coordinator Starting a PAN
• Must have a coordinator present
• Different Scan
– Energy Scan
– PAN Scan
• Energy Scan
– Performs energy scan to discover level of RF
activity on different channels
– Avoids the channels with high energy levels

8. PAN Scan
Co Ord
New
Coord
Co Ord
Beacon
Request
Beacon
Beacon
Request
Beacon

9. PAN Scan
• Coordinator send a one hop beacon request
• All nearby coordinator & routers will respond
back with beacon frame.
• Beacon Frame Contains
– Sender PAN ID
– Whether device is allowing joining
– Active or beacon scan
• Allows the coordinator to detect nearby PAN
IDs to avoid duplicate PAN IDs

10. Beacon Frame
2 Bytes 1 Byte 4 or 10 2 Byte Variable Variable Variable 2 Bytes
Frame
Control
Beacon
Seq
Number
SRC
ADDR
INFO
Super
Frame
Spec
GTS
Fields
Pending
Addr
Fields
Beacon
Payload
Frame
Check
Seq

11. Beacon Super Frame Specifier
Bits
0 – 3
Bits
4 -7
Bits
8 – 11
Bits
12
Bits
13
Bits
14
Bits
15
Beacon
Order
Super
Frame
Order
Final
CAP
Slot
Battery
Life
Extension
Reserved PAN
Coordinat
or
Asso
Permit

12. Command Identifier
CMD ID Command Name
0x01 Association Request
0x02 Association Response
0x03 Disassociation Notification
0x04 Data Request
0x05 PAN ID Conflict Notification
0x06 Orphan Notification
0x07 Beacon Request
0x08 Coordinator realignment
0x09 GTS Request
0x0a – 0xff Reserved

13. Joining a PAN
• Router and end devices must discover & join
• Starts with PAN Scan
• Receives list of beacons from nearby devices
• Parse this list to find valid zigbee network
• Configured to join any PAN or only with certain
PAN ID
• Must find a coordinator & router that allows
• Each beacon contains
– PAN ID = XXXX
– Allow Join = True / False

14. Joining PAN
Router
New
Router
Co Ord
Beacon
Request
Beacon
Beacon
Request
Beacon
Association Req
Association Response

15. Allow Joining
• Allow joining depends on two things
– Permit Joining attribute
– Number of end device it already has
• Permit Joining Attribute
– Configured to allow join
– Allow join for a short time
– Not allow for any more time
• End Device Children
– Each router will support finite number of end children
– Once device exceeded, device will not be allowed to
join

16. Broadcast Transmission
• Intended to propagate entire zigbee network
• All devices receives this, retransmit 3 times
• Local entry of broadcast
• Each entry persists for 8 seconds
• Broadcast transmission table holds 8 entries
• As it get transmitted all the network,
broadcast should be used sparingly

17. Unicast Transmission
• Data transmission use 16 bit network address
• Must discovered when it joins the PAN
• Sends broadcast network address discovery
– Contains 64 bit address
– Address matching
• Response will contain 16 bit network address.
• Can use to start transmit the data