International sysytems power point
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•324 views
This document discusses different types of international systems throughout history: - Independent state systems consist of sovereign states that view ambitious rising powers as threats. - Hegemonic systems have one or more dominant states that set the rules; this can be unipolar (one state), bipolar (two states), or multipolar (three or more states). - Imperial systems have an empire asserting political supremacy over other societal units. - During the Feudal system from the 9th to 14th centuries, power was decentralized among states, trading associations, merchant bankers, and local barons, with the Catholic Church claiming global jurisdiction.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Federalist papers presentation
Federalist Papers PowerPoint with a brief overview showing the purposes and intent of the Federalist Papers as they were written by various Founding Fathers (Hamilton, Madison, Jefferson) as they tried to show the logic and reasoning behind the proposed structure of the future U.S. Constitution, as they hammered out details prior to final ratification at the Constitutional Convention.
Constitution Era Timeline
The document discusses the transition from the Articles of Confederation to the United States Constitution. It provides context around the key issues debated at the Constitutional Convention such as representation and slavery. It also outlines some of the influences on the writing of the Constitution including the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Mayflower Compact, Federalist Papers, and Anti-Federalist writings.
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLITICS (History)
The document discusses the history of international systems from ancient times to the present. It describes how systems have evolved from independent city-states and empires to the modern nation-state system. Key points include:
- Ancient systems included the Persian, Greek, Indian, and Roman Empires, which dominated large territories politically and economically.
- The feudal system fragmented power among lords, vassals, and the Catholic Church from the 9th-14th centuries in Europe.
- The modern nation-state system emerged in Europe after the 16th century through the rise of royal authority over the church and decentralization of power.
- European colonization in the 19th century globalized this system
The concept of interdependence
Interdependence refers to a situation where actors or events in different parts of a system affect each other in either a positive or negative way. There are four dimensions of interdependence: its sources, benefits, relative costs, and symmetry. Interdependence can originate from physical or social phenomena. Military and economic interdependence involve mutual dependence and policy choices that determine costs and benefits. While interdependence can create joint benefits that encourage cooperation, it also mixes domestic and foreign issues and leads to more complex conflicts as states prioritize their absolute over relative gains.
01 basic concepts in international relations
This document provides an overview of the key concepts in international relations. It discusses the main actors that conduct international relations, including states, intergovernmental organizations, multinational corporations, non-governmental organizations, and terrorist groups. It also covers concepts like sovereignty, limits to sovereignty, failed states, and different models of polarity in the international system.
Liberalism in International Relations
A powerpoint presentation covering the basic principles of Liberalism in International Relations/Global Politics
International relations chapter 2 non-states
This document outlines the course schedule and content for an international relations course. It covers four chapters: an introduction to international relations and states; non-state actors; intergovernmental organizations; and problems and challenges. The document then provides details on defining and types of non-state actors, including NGOs, multinational corporations, nationalist movements, violent groups, religious groups, and humanitarian organizations. It also briefly discusses Greenpeace, imperialism, and globalization.
Ap.forms.of.gov
The document summarizes different forms of government including unitary, federal, and confederate systems. It also discusses unlimited governments like absolute monarchy and totalitarian dictatorship that do not limit rulers' behavior or consider citizens' needs and freedoms. Limited governments like socialism, democracy, and republics abide by laws, protect rights, and benefit the public good. Democracy is a form where people have supreme authority, either directly or through elected representatives. Pluralist democracy involves compromise among diverse groups, while hyper-pluralism leads to gridlock with too many opposing influences.
Recommended
Federalist papers presentation
Federalist Papers PowerPoint with a brief overview showing the purposes and intent of the Federalist Papers as they were written by various Founding Fathers (Hamilton, Madison, Jefferson) as they tried to show the logic and reasoning behind the proposed structure of the future U.S. Constitution, as they hammered out details prior to final ratification at the Constitutional Convention.
Constitution Era Timeline
The document discusses the transition from the Articles of Confederation to the United States Constitution. It provides context around the key issues debated at the Constitutional Convention such as representation and slavery. It also outlines some of the influences on the writing of the Constitution including the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Mayflower Compact, Federalist Papers, and Anti-Federalist writings.
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLITICS (History)
The document discusses the history of international systems from ancient times to the present. It describes how systems have evolved from independent city-states and empires to the modern nation-state system. Key points include:
- Ancient systems included the Persian, Greek, Indian, and Roman Empires, which dominated large territories politically and economically.
- The feudal system fragmented power among lords, vassals, and the Catholic Church from the 9th-14th centuries in Europe.
- The modern nation-state system emerged in Europe after the 16th century through the rise of royal authority over the church and decentralization of power.
- European colonization in the 19th century globalized this system
The concept of interdependence
Interdependence refers to a situation where actors or events in different parts of a system affect each other in either a positive or negative way. There are four dimensions of interdependence: its sources, benefits, relative costs, and symmetry. Interdependence can originate from physical or social phenomena. Military and economic interdependence involve mutual dependence and policy choices that determine costs and benefits. While interdependence can create joint benefits that encourage cooperation, it also mixes domestic and foreign issues and leads to more complex conflicts as states prioritize their absolute over relative gains.
01 basic concepts in international relations
This document provides an overview of the key concepts in international relations. It discusses the main actors that conduct international relations, including states, intergovernmental organizations, multinational corporations, non-governmental organizations, and terrorist groups. It also covers concepts like sovereignty, limits to sovereignty, failed states, and different models of polarity in the international system.
Liberalism in International Relations
A powerpoint presentation covering the basic principles of Liberalism in International Relations/Global Politics
International relations chapter 2 non-states
This document outlines the course schedule and content for an international relations course. It covers four chapters: an introduction to international relations and states; non-state actors; intergovernmental organizations; and problems and challenges. The document then provides details on defining and types of non-state actors, including NGOs, multinational corporations, nationalist movements, violent groups, religious groups, and humanitarian organizations. It also briefly discusses Greenpeace, imperialism, and globalization.
Ap.forms.of.gov
The document summarizes different forms of government including unitary, federal, and confederate systems. It also discusses unlimited governments like absolute monarchy and totalitarian dictatorship that do not limit rulers' behavior or consider citizens' needs and freedoms. Limited governments like socialism, democracy, and republics abide by laws, protect rights, and benefit the public good. Democracy is a form where people have supreme authority, either directly or through elected representatives. Pluralist democracy involves compromise among diverse groups, while hyper-pluralism leads to gridlock with too many opposing influences.
Intro to IR
International relations represent the study of foreign affairs and global issues among states including the roles of the states, intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), non- governmental organizations (NGOs), and multinational corporations (MNCs). It is both an academic and public policy field, and can be either positive or normative as it seeks both to analyze as well as formulate the foreign policy of particular states. It is often considered as the branch of political science.
Apart from political science, IR draws upon such diverse fields as economics, history, law, philosophy, geography, sociology, anthropology, psychology and cultural studies. It involves diverse range of issues including but not limited to: globalization, state sovereignty, ecological sustainability, nuclear proliferation, nationalism, economic development, global finance, terrorism, organized crime, human security, foreign interventionism and human rights.
Ir meaning, nature and importance
From: hakim afridi <ha*******i@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, Mar 3, 2015 at 3:03 PM
Subject: ppt files of IR
To: a****hp@gmail.com
Ap ch. 8
During the Era of Good Feelings from 1813-1824, both nationalism and sectionalism existed simultaneously in the United States. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 temporarily resolved the issue of the expansion of slavery but Thomas Jefferson predicted it would continue to divide the country along regional lines. At the same time, there was a political movement led by Henry Clay to promote economic nationalism through internal improvements, tariffs, and a national bank. Westward expansion also contributed to growth, but internal improvements faced opposition over constitutional authority. The Era of Good Feelings ended with the controversial 1824 presidential election and rise of the Democratic Party under Andrew Jackson.
Trimestre recap
The document recaps key concepts covered in the first trimester of a global politics course, including power, sovereignty, legitimacy, and interdependence. It discusses theories of power, different types of power states can wield, and challenges to exercising power. Sovereignty is defined as a state's full control over what happens within its borders. The document also notes that states are becoming more interdependent and join intergovernmental organizations for benefits like economic strength and influence. Legitimacy is gained through mechanisms like democracy, rule of law, and international recognition.
Chapter 5 section 1 (political parties)
Political parties are groups that seek to control government by winning elections and public office. The two major parties in the US are the Democratic and Republican parties. Parties serve to promote coalitions, compromise, nominate candidates, inform and educate the public, and promote partisanship among their membership in governance. The first US political parties were the Federalists and Anti-Federalists, which formed based on disagreements between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson over the power of the federal government and interpretation of the Constitution.
1 introduction to international relations
This document provides an introduction to the field of international relations. It discusses what international relations concerns, which is the relationships among the world's governments. It also explores what career paths one could pursue by studying international relations. The document outlines the four sets of relations within the sphere of international relations: relations between states, relations between societies, state-society relations within countries, and state-society relations across borders. It then discusses three core principles of international relations - dominance, reciprocity, and identity - and how they relate to solving collective action problems between groups.
Capitalism
This document presents a summary of capitalism that was presented to Sir Rao Naeem Ullah. It begins by listing the 12 presenters and their student IDs and programs of study. It then provides definitions of capitalism, discusses the history and origins of capitalism. It outlines key features of capitalism including private property, profit motive, and perfect competition. It also discusses types of capitalism, impacts on market economy, laws of supply and demand, criticisms of capitalism, advantages and disadvantages, examples of capitalist countries, and argues that capitalism can be realistic if citizens make right choices.
The Federalist Papers (In Modern Language)
Hamilton argues that the Articles of Confederation have failed to establish an effective national government. He calls on citizens to establish a new system through ratifying the proposed Constitution. Failure to do so could endanger national unity, security, and standing in the world. Hamilton plans to publish a series of papers discussing the importance of the Union, the Confederation's inability to preserve it, the need for an energetic national government, the proposal's conformity with republican principles, its similarities to state constitutions, and how ratification will protect liberty and property.
James Madison "Publius" Federalist No. 10
The document summarizes Federalist No. 10 by James Madison from 1787 arguing for ratification of the U.S. Constitution. Madison asserts that one of the key advantages of a strong central government is its ability to control the negative effects of factionalism. He defines a faction as a group united around a particular interest or belief. Madison argues that a representative democracy can defeat factional views through regular votes, preventing obstructions of administration. By ensuring the majority cannot be outnumbered, a central government can control the effects of factionalism and prevent the abuse of power by elites to oppress others for their own benefit.
Ir introduction
International relations is the study of relations between states. It emerged as a field in the 18th century to study diplomatic relations and international law. Today, its scope has expanded to include economic, social, political, and cultural relations between states. There are three views on international relations - some see it as an organized academic discipline, some view it as a separate discipline from political science, and others see it as both a discipline and related to political science. The core principles of international relations that guide relations between states are dominance, reciprocity, and identity.
Liberalism
Liberalism is a political doctrine that views protecting individual freedom as the central goal of politics. While government is necessary to protect individuals from harm, it can also threaten liberty. Liberals seek to limit government power over individuals while holding it accountable through democratic elections. They employ separation of powers and periodic elections to check the power of political majorities. Additionally, liberals recognize individual rights like free expression, privacy, and protection from arbitrary punishment that exist outside of one's role as a citizen. These rights are meant to preserve a sphere of personal freedom and limit government overreach, even by democratic majorities.
Liberalism
The document discusses several key aspects of liberal theories in international relations. It covers:
1) Early liberal thinkers like Kant who argued that states could cooperate through international organizations and that democracies are more peaceful.
2) 19th century liberalism focused on free trade increasing interdependence and making war less likely.
3) Wilsonian idealism promoted collective security and international law to prevent war.
4) Neoliberal institutionalism sees states cooperating through international regimes when it is in their self-interest to do so and institutions help address collective action problems.
5) Concepts like collective security, international regimes, and the democratic peace theory are discussed as key aspects of modern liberal
Nation State And National Interest
This document discusses the concept of the nation state and national interests. It defines the nation state as a sovereign political unit where people are organized and interact with other sovereign states in various ways. The modern nation state system emerged in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia, which ended the dominance of religious authorities and established the idea of separate sovereign states. National interests include the physical, political, and cultural survival of the state and nation. National interests are determined by decision makers' views, influential groups, the type of government, geography, and other external pressures. States pursue their national interests through diplomacy, alliances, economic policy, and sometimes war.
Types of internationalism visual
The document discusses six types of internationalism: hegemonic, liberal, revolutionary, self-determination, humanitarianism/global citizenship, and peace and security. For each type, it provides examples, arguments for and against, and in some cases additional context. The overarching topics covered are the different motives and theories behind internationalism.
International relations(Introduction and its Theories)
This document provides an overview of key theories in international relations, including realism, liberalism, Marxism, and constructivism. It discusses the main assumptions and policy prescriptions of each theory. Realism focuses on state power and security, seeing states as rational actors. Liberalism emphasizes international cooperation and institutions. Marxism views the international system as perpetuating capitalist exploitation. Constructivism examines how state identities and non-state actors shape international politics. The document aims to describe, explain, and predict international relations from the perspectives of different theoretical approaches.
The birth of political parties
1) After the American Revolution, political factions formed between Alexander Hamilton's Federalists and Thomas Jefferson's Republicans over how to interpret the new Constitution and economic policies.
2) The Federalists supported a strong federal government, protective tariffs, and a national bank while the Republicans favored states' rights, farming, and strict interpretation of the Constitution.
3) In the 1796 election, John Adams and the Federalists won the presidency while Thomas Jefferson and the Republicans won the vice presidency due to the electoral process at the time before the 12th Amendment.
REALISM
Relations among states take place in the absence of a world government. For realists, this means that the international system is anarchical. International relations are best understood by focusing on the distribution of power among states. Despite their formal legal equality, the uneven distribution of power means that the arena of international relations is a form of ‘power politics’. Power is hard to measure; its distribution among states changes over time and there is no consensus among states about how it should be distributed. International relations is therefore a realm of necessity (states must seek power to survive in a competitive environment) and continuity over time. When realists contemplate change in the international system, they focus on changes in the balance of power among states, and tend to discount the possibility of fundamental change in the dynamics of the system itself.
The following key thinkers all subscribe to these basic assumptions in their explorations of the following questions:
(1) What are the main sources of stability and instability in the international system?
(2) What is the actual and preferred balance of power among states?
(3) How should the great powers behave toward one another and toward weaker states?
(4) What are the sources and dynamics of contemporary changes in the balance of power?
Despite some shared assumptions about the nature of international relations, realists are not all of one voice in answering these questions, and it would be wrong to believe that shared assumptions lead to similar conclusions among them. In fact, there is sharp disagreement over the relative merits of particular balances of power (unipolarity, bipolarity and multipolarity). There is also much debate over the causal relationship between states and the international pressures upon them, and the relative importance of different kinds of power in contemporary international relations.
Lesson plan 8 jefferson and marshall
Thomas Jefferson was the 3rd President of the United States from 1801-1809. He believed strongly in democratic principles and a small federal government with limited power. Jefferson wanted to reduce the national budget and debt. He supported an economic policy of laissez-faire with a minimal government role in economic affairs. A key Supreme Court case during Jefferson's presidency, Marbury v. Madison, established the Court's power of judicial review to determine the constitutionality of laws, though Jefferson was displeased with this expansion of judicial power.
Nation states
1) A nation is a group of people united in some way, such as by a common culture or identity, while a state is a political structure that defines legal rights and obligations of citizens.
2) National identity develops from being raised in the same cultural environment as others in a nation, which fosters a sense of unity and allows for stereotyping of national groups.
3) Nationalism involves caring about one's nation and national identity, and pursuing political self-determination for the nation. However, some argue national sentiment can be irrational or imposed by political elites.
Liberal internationalism
Liberal internationalism is based on the ideas of Immanuel Kant who argued that international cooperation is possible and states can establish peace. According to Kant, three factors can lead to peace: 1) a loose federation of free states committed to order and security, 2) increased international trade which makes war incompatible with commercial interests, and 3) the establishment of republican governments with executive power checked by independent legislatures. Liberal internationalism holds that democratic political systems and self-determination help prevent war, and that republican governments are less likely to engage in war because citizens bear the costs. It posits that economic interdependence between democracies can replace fears and conflicts with mutual cooperation.
The Relative Gain Problem in Multipolarity
A summary of my 2011 summer research with the PPE Institute at Colgate University.
Regimes
Regimes pertain to delineated areas of rule-governed activity in international relations, such as implicit or explicit principles, norms, rules and procedures governing expectations among actors. While the international system is anarchic without a central ruler, regimes help bring order and facilitate cooperation to address global problems. Regime characteristics include their strength, scope, organizational form and allocation mode. Different regime types are defined by levels of formality and the degree of convergence among actor expectations. The emergence and effectiveness of regimes can be studied through structural, game-theoretic, functional and cognitive approaches. Regimes help manage globalization by changing how states interact and their interests.
More Related Content
What's hot
Intro to IR
International relations represent the study of foreign affairs and global issues among states including the roles of the states, intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), non- governmental organizations (NGOs), and multinational corporations (MNCs). It is both an academic and public policy field, and can be either positive or normative as it seeks both to analyze as well as formulate the foreign policy of particular states. It is often considered as the branch of political science.
Apart from political science, IR draws upon such diverse fields as economics, history, law, philosophy, geography, sociology, anthropology, psychology and cultural studies. It involves diverse range of issues including but not limited to: globalization, state sovereignty, ecological sustainability, nuclear proliferation, nationalism, economic development, global finance, terrorism, organized crime, human security, foreign interventionism and human rights.
Ir meaning, nature and importance
From: hakim afridi <ha*******i@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, Mar 3, 2015 at 3:03 PM
Subject: ppt files of IR
To: a****hp@gmail.com
Ap ch. 8
During the Era of Good Feelings from 1813-1824, both nationalism and sectionalism existed simultaneously in the United States. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 temporarily resolved the issue of the expansion of slavery but Thomas Jefferson predicted it would continue to divide the country along regional lines. At the same time, there was a political movement led by Henry Clay to promote economic nationalism through internal improvements, tariffs, and a national bank. Westward expansion also contributed to growth, but internal improvements faced opposition over constitutional authority. The Era of Good Feelings ended with the controversial 1824 presidential election and rise of the Democratic Party under Andrew Jackson.
Trimestre recap
The document recaps key concepts covered in the first trimester of a global politics course, including power, sovereignty, legitimacy, and interdependence. It discusses theories of power, different types of power states can wield, and challenges to exercising power. Sovereignty is defined as a state's full control over what happens within its borders. The document also notes that states are becoming more interdependent and join intergovernmental organizations for benefits like economic strength and influence. Legitimacy is gained through mechanisms like democracy, rule of law, and international recognition.
Chapter 5 section 1 (political parties)
Political parties are groups that seek to control government by winning elections and public office. The two major parties in the US are the Democratic and Republican parties. Parties serve to promote coalitions, compromise, nominate candidates, inform and educate the public, and promote partisanship among their membership in governance. The first US political parties were the Federalists and Anti-Federalists, which formed based on disagreements between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson over the power of the federal government and interpretation of the Constitution.
1 introduction to international relations
This document provides an introduction to the field of international relations. It discusses what international relations concerns, which is the relationships among the world's governments. It also explores what career paths one could pursue by studying international relations. The document outlines the four sets of relations within the sphere of international relations: relations between states, relations between societies, state-society relations within countries, and state-society relations across borders. It then discusses three core principles of international relations - dominance, reciprocity, and identity - and how they relate to solving collective action problems between groups.
Capitalism
This document presents a summary of capitalism that was presented to Sir Rao Naeem Ullah. It begins by listing the 12 presenters and their student IDs and programs of study. It then provides definitions of capitalism, discusses the history and origins of capitalism. It outlines key features of capitalism including private property, profit motive, and perfect competition. It also discusses types of capitalism, impacts on market economy, laws of supply and demand, criticisms of capitalism, advantages and disadvantages, examples of capitalist countries, and argues that capitalism can be realistic if citizens make right choices.
The Federalist Papers (In Modern Language)
Hamilton argues that the Articles of Confederation have failed to establish an effective national government. He calls on citizens to establish a new system through ratifying the proposed Constitution. Failure to do so could endanger national unity, security, and standing in the world. Hamilton plans to publish a series of papers discussing the importance of the Union, the Confederation's inability to preserve it, the need for an energetic national government, the proposal's conformity with republican principles, its similarities to state constitutions, and how ratification will protect liberty and property.
James Madison "Publius" Federalist No. 10
The document summarizes Federalist No. 10 by James Madison from 1787 arguing for ratification of the U.S. Constitution. Madison asserts that one of the key advantages of a strong central government is its ability to control the negative effects of factionalism. He defines a faction as a group united around a particular interest or belief. Madison argues that a representative democracy can defeat factional views through regular votes, preventing obstructions of administration. By ensuring the majority cannot be outnumbered, a central government can control the effects of factionalism and prevent the abuse of power by elites to oppress others for their own benefit.
Ir introduction
International relations is the study of relations between states. It emerged as a field in the 18th century to study diplomatic relations and international law. Today, its scope has expanded to include economic, social, political, and cultural relations between states. There are three views on international relations - some see it as an organized academic discipline, some view it as a separate discipline from political science, and others see it as both a discipline and related to political science. The core principles of international relations that guide relations between states are dominance, reciprocity, and identity.
Liberalism
Liberalism is a political doctrine that views protecting individual freedom as the central goal of politics. While government is necessary to protect individuals from harm, it can also threaten liberty. Liberals seek to limit government power over individuals while holding it accountable through democratic elections. They employ separation of powers and periodic elections to check the power of political majorities. Additionally, liberals recognize individual rights like free expression, privacy, and protection from arbitrary punishment that exist outside of one's role as a citizen. These rights are meant to preserve a sphere of personal freedom and limit government overreach, even by democratic majorities.
Liberalism
The document discusses several key aspects of liberal theories in international relations. It covers:
1) Early liberal thinkers like Kant who argued that states could cooperate through international organizations and that democracies are more peaceful.
2) 19th century liberalism focused on free trade increasing interdependence and making war less likely.
3) Wilsonian idealism promoted collective security and international law to prevent war.
4) Neoliberal institutionalism sees states cooperating through international regimes when it is in their self-interest to do so and institutions help address collective action problems.
5) Concepts like collective security, international regimes, and the democratic peace theory are discussed as key aspects of modern liberal
Nation State And National Interest
This document discusses the concept of the nation state and national interests. It defines the nation state as a sovereign political unit where people are organized and interact with other sovereign states in various ways. The modern nation state system emerged in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia, which ended the dominance of religious authorities and established the idea of separate sovereign states. National interests include the physical, political, and cultural survival of the state and nation. National interests are determined by decision makers' views, influential groups, the type of government, geography, and other external pressures. States pursue their national interests through diplomacy, alliances, economic policy, and sometimes war.
Types of internationalism visual
The document discusses six types of internationalism: hegemonic, liberal, revolutionary, self-determination, humanitarianism/global citizenship, and peace and security. For each type, it provides examples, arguments for and against, and in some cases additional context. The overarching topics covered are the different motives and theories behind internationalism.
International relations(Introduction and its Theories)
This document provides an overview of key theories in international relations, including realism, liberalism, Marxism, and constructivism. It discusses the main assumptions and policy prescriptions of each theory. Realism focuses on state power and security, seeing states as rational actors. Liberalism emphasizes international cooperation and institutions. Marxism views the international system as perpetuating capitalist exploitation. Constructivism examines how state identities and non-state actors shape international politics. The document aims to describe, explain, and predict international relations from the perspectives of different theoretical approaches.
The birth of political parties
1) After the American Revolution, political factions formed between Alexander Hamilton's Federalists and Thomas Jefferson's Republicans over how to interpret the new Constitution and economic policies.
2) The Federalists supported a strong federal government, protective tariffs, and a national bank while the Republicans favored states' rights, farming, and strict interpretation of the Constitution.
3) In the 1796 election, John Adams and the Federalists won the presidency while Thomas Jefferson and the Republicans won the vice presidency due to the electoral process at the time before the 12th Amendment.
REALISM
Relations among states take place in the absence of a world government. For realists, this means that the international system is anarchical. International relations are best understood by focusing on the distribution of power among states. Despite their formal legal equality, the uneven distribution of power means that the arena of international relations is a form of ‘power politics’. Power is hard to measure; its distribution among states changes over time and there is no consensus among states about how it should be distributed. International relations is therefore a realm of necessity (states must seek power to survive in a competitive environment) and continuity over time. When realists contemplate change in the international system, they focus on changes in the balance of power among states, and tend to discount the possibility of fundamental change in the dynamics of the system itself.
The following key thinkers all subscribe to these basic assumptions in their explorations of the following questions:
(1) What are the main sources of stability and instability in the international system?
(2) What is the actual and preferred balance of power among states?
(3) How should the great powers behave toward one another and toward weaker states?
(4) What are the sources and dynamics of contemporary changes in the balance of power?
Despite some shared assumptions about the nature of international relations, realists are not all of one voice in answering these questions, and it would be wrong to believe that shared assumptions lead to similar conclusions among them. In fact, there is sharp disagreement over the relative merits of particular balances of power (unipolarity, bipolarity and multipolarity). There is also much debate over the causal relationship between states and the international pressures upon them, and the relative importance of different kinds of power in contemporary international relations.
Lesson plan 8 jefferson and marshall
Thomas Jefferson was the 3rd President of the United States from 1801-1809. He believed strongly in democratic principles and a small federal government with limited power. Jefferson wanted to reduce the national budget and debt. He supported an economic policy of laissez-faire with a minimal government role in economic affairs. A key Supreme Court case during Jefferson's presidency, Marbury v. Madison, established the Court's power of judicial review to determine the constitutionality of laws, though Jefferson was displeased with this expansion of judicial power.
Nation states
1) A nation is a group of people united in some way, such as by a common culture or identity, while a state is a political structure that defines legal rights and obligations of citizens.
2) National identity develops from being raised in the same cultural environment as others in a nation, which fosters a sense of unity and allows for stereotyping of national groups.
3) Nationalism involves caring about one's nation and national identity, and pursuing political self-determination for the nation. However, some argue national sentiment can be irrational or imposed by political elites.
Liberal internationalism
Liberal internationalism is based on the ideas of Immanuel Kant who argued that international cooperation is possible and states can establish peace. According to Kant, three factors can lead to peace: 1) a loose federation of free states committed to order and security, 2) increased international trade which makes war incompatible with commercial interests, and 3) the establishment of republican governments with executive power checked by independent legislatures. Liberal internationalism holds that democratic political systems and self-determination help prevent war, and that republican governments are less likely to engage in war because citizens bear the costs. It posits that economic interdependence between democracies can replace fears and conflicts with mutual cooperation.
What's hot (20)
International relations(Introduction and its Theories)
International relations(Introduction and its Theories)
Viewers also liked
The Relative Gain Problem in Multipolarity
A summary of my 2011 summer research with the PPE Institute at Colgate University.
Regimes
Regimes pertain to delineated areas of rule-governed activity in international relations, such as implicit or explicit principles, norms, rules and procedures governing expectations among actors. While the international system is anarchic without a central ruler, regimes help bring order and facilitate cooperation to address global problems. Regime characteristics include their strength, scope, organizational form and allocation mode. Different regime types are defined by levels of formality and the degree of convergence among actor expectations. The emergence and effectiveness of regimes can be studied through structural, game-theoretic, functional and cognitive approaches. Regimes help manage globalization by changing how states interact and their interests.
Project fundraising- Kpstas Stellos
This is a series of Capacity Building documents that was prepared by the Sudanese Youth Leadership Development Program.
هذه مجموعة من المقالات في مجالات تدريبية متعددة مناسبة للجمعيات الطوعية تم تطويرها بين عامي 2003-2008 للبرنامج السوداني لإعداد القيادات الشبابية
Regional Security Coordination (RSCI) & ENTSO-E'S recommendations
1) Regional Security Coordination Initiatives (RSCIs) were established beginning in 2008 to enable transmission system operators (TSOs) to tackle new challenges in coordinating operations across multiple countries.
2) The ENTSO-E RSCI strategy defines five core services that existing or new RSCIs will provide to TSOs, such as operational planning and security analysis.
3) The goal is to find a balanced coordination between countries and regions in Europe to increase efficiency, reduce costs, minimize risks, and improve security of supply across national and European regulatory frameworks.
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: NUCLEAR DIPLOMACY
CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: NUCLEAR DIPLOMACY. Content: atomic diplomacy, developing the atomic bomb, Truman policy, Alperovits interpretation, upper hand over Stalin, anxious Soviet Union, the nuclear umbrella, short hegemony, nuclear coercion, nuclear parity, no diplomatic utility.
Kegley chapter 9
This document discusses realist perspectives on alliances, arms control, and the balance of power. Realists believe states should prepare for war to maintain peace, remain vigilant as other states cannot be fully trusted, and avoid moralizing as standards only apply to individuals, not states. Alliances can increase military capabilities but also entangle states in others' disputes. Arms control is difficult as agreements only work where not needed and some weapons prevent wars but increase destructiveness. Maintaining a balance of power through deterrence of potential aggressors is ideal but information is imperfect and worst-case thinking can spark arms races.
Cooperation under the security dilemma
This presentation is made by Samin VossoughiRad. American University for Humanities- Tbilisi campus
The security Dilemma is the them of the presentation and it has been explained exactly why states goes to war
Power and 21st century world order
The document discusses key issues around power and world order in the 21st century. It examines the changing nature of power from military to economic power. It explores theories of hegemony and debates if the US is a hegemonic power or in decline. It also analyzes if the world is becoming multipolar with the rise of countries like China and India, and how this may impact global politics. Key models of world order discussed include unipolarity, multipolarity, and Robert Cooper's model of pre-modern, modern and post-modern states.
Weapons of mass destruction ir
This document discusses weapons of mass destruction, focusing on nuclear weapons and biological weapons. It provides details on the types of nuclear weapons, countries that possess them, and historical nuclear accidents and incidents. It also outlines biological warfare agents, countries that possess biological weapons, and methods of delivery. Examples are given of past uses of biological weapons, including by Imperial Japan during WWII. The large-scale impacts of potential uses of biological weapons are also noted.
international relation
This document provides an overview of the topics and structure of an International Relations course. It discusses:
1) The course will cover major theories of IR like realism and liberalism as well as topics like globalization, non-state actors, and specific issues relating to development, the environment, and human rights.
2) Assessments will include a mid-term test, group presentations, and a final exam.
3) Different theories of IR like realism, liberalism, and constructivism are introduced, which offer different perspectives on states, power, and the role of non-state actors in global politics.
Public policy and subsystem politics
This document discusses subsystem politics in public policymaking. It describes how policymaking is divided among specialized committees and subcommittees in Congress and within government agencies. Bureaucracies are divided into smaller subunits that focus on specific policy areas, while interest groups also work to influence policies within their issue areas. One influential arrangement is the "iron triangle" between relevant committees, agencies, and interest groups who benefit each other. The document also categorizes types of public policy according to Theodore Lowi's typology, including regulatory, redistributive, distributive, and constituent policies, and how they differ in their structures, discretion levels, and relationships with outside groups.
What is new world order?
The document discusses theories about secret societies controlling the world through various means such as media, mind control, and symbolism. It claims secret societies like the Illuminati and Freemasons want to impose their ideology on the global population and establish a New World Order. It suggests they staged the 9/11 attacks to advance their agenda of degrading Muslims and gaining political and economic control.
Unipolarity
This presentation is made by Samin VossoughiRad. American University for Humanities- Tbilisi campus
This presentation shows the Unipolarirty of states
Nuclear weapons
The document discusses the history of nuclear weapons, including the first U.S. nuclear test in 1945 and subsequent bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It also covers the Cold War arms race between the U.S. and Soviet Union, crises like the Cuban Missile Crisis, efforts at nuclear deterrence, and later arms reduction treaties. Current concerns about nuclear weapons include aging Cold War arsenals, proliferation, accidents, unauthorized use, and terrorism.
The New World Order After The Cold War.
The New World Order After The Cold War.
Post cold war.
George Bush & Mikhail Gorbachev.
New world order.
United Nation's role in The New world order.
Theories of international relations
This document summarizes key concepts in international relations theory, comparing realist and liberal perspectives. It discusses concepts like anarchy, sovereignty, self-help, and the security dilemma from a realist viewpoint. Liberal concepts discussed include Kantian ideals of democracy, trade, and international institutions promoting cooperation. Realists are skeptical that institutions can significantly influence state behavior motivated by power and national interests in an anarchic system.
2013-2014 International Relations Lecture Slides
The document outlines topics that will be covered in a course on global affairs and politics. It includes 14 sections that will be covered: introduction, nation states, types of governments, asking the right questions, thinking strategically about world politics, the evolution of political theories, nationalism, globalization and transnationalism, international organizations, national power and diplomacy, international law and morality, national and international security, international political economy and cooperation, and human rights, the environment and technology. The document provides an overview of the scope and content of the course.
International relations
The document provides an overview of the field of international relations. It discusses the following key points:
- International relations emerged as a formal academic discipline in 1919, drawing on fields like political science, economics, and law.
- Major theories studied in international relations include realism, liberalism, Marxism, and constructivism. Realism focuses on state security and power, while liberalism emphasizes cooperation.
- The modern international system developed out of European colonial expansion and the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, which established principles of state sovereignty.
- Major events like the French Revolution and decolonization shaped the current global order of independent nation-states. However, some states operate outside this
Nuclear Weapons and Climate Change
The document discusses the connections between climate change and nuclear weapons and argues that:
1) Climate change and the threat of nuclear weapons are two major crises facing global societies.
2) Failure to achieve nuclear disarmament and take effective action on climate change has exacerbated these crises.
3) The effects of climate change such as conflicts over resources could increase tensions between states that possess nuclear weapons.
Actors of international relations
The document discusses nation-states and non-state actors in international relations. It defines nation and state, and provides characteristics of nation-states like defined territory and nationalism. It also discusses the roles of non-state actors like multinational corporations and NGOs, and how they have increasingly impacted the global political and economic landscape in recent decades.
Viewers also liked (20)
Regional Security Coordination (RSCI) & ENTSO-E'S recommendations
Regional Security Coordination (RSCI) & ENTSO-E'S recommendations
Similar to International sysytems power point
global pag 72.pptxhafdabshhxybeudydbskdi
The document discusses key concepts in international relations such as nationalism, nations, states, and sovereignty. It examines the evolution of the international system from medieval Europe to the modern state system established in the 1648 Treaty of Westphalia. Actors in international relations include state actors like countries as well as non-state actors like international organizations. The structure of the international system can be uni-polar, bipolar, or multi-polar depending on the distribution of power among states. Major theories of international relations discussed are idealism/liberalism, which sees cooperation between states as possible, and realism, which views international politics as characterized by conflict in an anarchic system.
International System by M Akif Khokhar.pptx
International System by M Akif Khokhar. this is a comprihensive presentationon international systems polarities ans sub systems in internationsl relations
Liberalism theory,Types of liberalism,and criticism
Liberalism is an international relations theory that focuses on cooperation between states. Key assumptions of liberalism include a positive view of human nature and belief in progress through cooperation. Classical liberalism thinkers like Grotius and Kant believed states could cooperate despite anarchy. Modern liberalism includes interdependence liberalism, which sees increased economic interdependence reducing conflict, and institutional liberalism, which argues international institutions help states cooperate by reducing fears and encouraging trust. Neoliberal institutionalism posits that institutions mediate cooperation among self-interested states.
Liberlalism
The document discusses several concepts related to international relations theories:
1) Realism assumes that states act in their self-interest and pursue power due to imperfect human nature. There is an inherent conflict of interests between states.
2) Liberalism emerged in response to realism and proposes collective security through international organizations to maintain peace and cooperation between states.
3) The document also discusses the concepts of nation and nation-state, noting that a nation-state combines cultural factors like language, history and religion with political sovereignty within a defined territory. It analyzes whether Pakistan qualifies as a nation-state.
Lecture 3 - The concept of Realism Vs Liberalism.How different theorist expla...
Concept of realism and idealism in detail
PPP - 1, GLOBAL TRENDS.pptx
This document provides an overview of key concepts in international relations including nation, state, nationalism, and power. It discusses different levels of analysis in IR including the system, state, and individual levels. Several theories of IR are outlined, including realism, liberalism, Marxism, constructivism, and critical theory. Realism views politics as a struggle for power between states under anarchy. Liberalism believes war results from misunderstanding and democratic societies can achieve peaceful cooperation. Marxism argues economic structures determine political and social institutions.
PPP - 1, GLOBAL TRENDS.pptx
This document provides an overview of key concepts in international relations including nation, state, nationalism, and power. It discusses different levels of analysis in IR including the system, state, and individual levels. Several theories of IR are outlined, including realism, liberalism, Marxism, constructivism, and critical theory. Realism views politics as a struggle for power between states under anarchy. Liberalism believes war results from misunderstanding and democratic societies can foster peace. Marxism argues economic structures determine political ones. Constructivism sees relations between agents and structures as essential to understanding IR.
The_Development_of_Modern_State_In_Europ.ppsx
The document discusses the development of the modern state in Europe from ancient times through the present. It traces the evolution from the Roman Empire, through feudal systems and absolute monarchies, to the rise of the nation-state. Key aspects of the modern state that emerged include fixed territorial borders, a monopoly on violence within its territory, impersonal and legitimate structures of political authority, and the representation of citizens. Warfare and capitalism helped drive these changes and underpin the power of the nation-state form. The document also examines how European political thought and the expansion of European powers globally have shaped debates around the modern state.
Gov unit1
This document provides an introduction to key concepts in comparative politics. It defines politics as decisions made through formal power within a given territory. Government is introduced as the group authorized to make binding public decisions on behalf of a community. Different types of states are outlined such as night watchman, police, and welfare states. Challenges and justifications for government are discussed from thinkers like Hobbes, Rousseau, and Locke. Key factors in nation and state building are also summarized.
REGIMES OF THE MODERN WORLD.pptx by Papa Fololo
This document discusses different ways that regimes and forms of government have been classified throughout history. It outlines Aristotle's original classification system from the 4th century BCE which categorized regimes based on who rules and who benefits. During the Cold War, regimes were often classified as either democratic or totalitarian. The "three worlds" approach that gained popularity divided regimes into capitalist first world nations, communist second world nations, and developing third world nations. Modern classification systems have become more complex as political systems have diversified globally.
Global Trends Chap 1 Note.pdf
Global Trend Chapter 1
The document discusses the evolution of nationalism, nations, states and international relations. It describes how nationalism led to the rise of nation-states in Europe after the French and American revolutions. The Congress of Vienna established the modern state system, but nationalist sentiments continued to grow. The Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 established sovereignty and formal equality between states, creating an anarchic international system. Colonialism then spread the European state model globally in the late 19th century. Today, actors in international relations include not just states but also international organizations, corporations and societies.
International Political Relations
A presentation regarding international political relations as part of the presenter's requirement for his Master of Arts Degree in Education Major in Social Studies.
Lesson 3 THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD
The document discusses the concepts of states, nations, and internationalism. It defines a state as having sovereignty over a territory and population, while a nation is an imagined community. Not all states encompass a single nation, and not all nations are represented by their own state. The document traces the development of sovereignty and international organizations from the Treaty of Westphalia to the United Nations. It also examines liberal internationalism advocated by Kant and Wilson, as well as socialist internationalism promoted by Marx and organizations like the Comintern.
Ch1 Intro IR.pptx
1) This document outlines the syllabus for a 13-week course on international relations, including weekly topics, required texts, assignments, and evaluation criteria.
2) It discusses key concepts in international relations like the state system, state sovereignty, and the roles of different actors. Traditional views see states as providing security and order, while alternative views argue the state system creates problems.
3) The document traces the historical development of the international system from ancient empires and city-states to the modern state system emerging in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia following the Thirty Years War. This led to the global expansion of states over subsequent centuries.
Democratic and non-democratic.pptx
Democratic systems vary significantly across countries due to differences in history, culture, institutions and electoral systems. The document discusses several dimensions along which democracies differ, including presidential vs parliamentary systems, unitary vs federal systems, winner-take-all vs proportional representation, two-party vs multiparty systems, and majoritarian vs consensual policymaking. It traces the development of democratic theory from ancient thinkers like Pericles and Aristotle to modern philosophers like Locke, Montesquieu, and Hume, and examines factors that contributed to democracy's global expansion in the 20th century.
Liberal.pptx
Liberalism, also called pluralism, focuses on transnational relations between various actors like people, groups and organizations from different countries. It emphasizes that states are not the only important actors and that issues like human rights, the environment and the economy are as important as security. Liberals argue that cooperation between states is possible through international regimes, norms and economic interdependence. They also believe that domestic politics influence foreign policy and that states are composed of various interest groups and individuals rather than being unitary actors.
Liberalism_lecture_presentation.ppt
Liberalism, also called pluralism, focuses on transnational relations between various actors including states, groups, and organizations. It emphasizes that issues like human rights, the environment, and the economy are as important as security. Liberals argue that states are influenced by domestic actors, and that international cooperation is possible through institutions and regimes. They believe a pluralistic world of complex interdependence has emerged, with multiple channels of interaction between state and non-state actors.
Liberalism_lecture.pptx
Liberalism, also called pluralism, focuses on transnational relations between various actors like people, groups and organizations from different countries. It emphasizes that states are not the only important actors and that issues like human rights, the environment and the economy are as important as security. Liberals argue that international organizations, non-state actors and economic interdependence can help reduce conflict between states. They believe norms, cooperation and institutions are important to international relations.
Liberalism
Liberalism, also called pluralism, focuses on transnational relations between various actors including states, groups, and organizations. It emphasizes that issues like human rights, the environment, and the economy are as important as security. Liberals argue that states are not unitary actors and are influenced by domestic groups. They also argue that international cooperation is possible through international regimes and institutions. The liberal perspective has evolved from the Enlightenment ideas of individual rights and free trade to incorporate more modern concepts like complex interdependence and the roles of non-state actors like corporations.
Liberalism in global politics
Liberalism views the global political system as characterized by complex interdependence rather than realism's focus on power. It argues that states are interdependent through multiple channels including non-state actors like corporations and NGOs. States are connected on multiple issues beyond just security, and military force is less effective due to these connections. As a result, cooperation is more common than conflict according to liberalism. The spread of democracy, nuclear weapons, wealth redistribution, and technology have increased complex interdependence in the modern world.
Similar to International sysytems power point (20)
Liberalism theory,Types of liberalism,and criticism
Liberalism theory,Types of liberalism,and criticism
Lecture 3 - The concept of Realism Vs Liberalism.How different theorist expla...
Lecture 3 - The concept of Realism Vs Liberalism.How different theorist expla...
Recently uploaded
15062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
Shark Tank Jargon | Operational Profitability
Don't let fancy business words confuse you! This blog is your cheat sheet to understanding the Shark Tank Jargon. We'll translate all the confusing terms like "valuation" (how much the company is worth) and "royalty" (a fee for using someone's idea). You'll be swimming with the Sharks like a pro in no time!
Organisations.pdf k[poikdip-jhhohuhejhnjhn
ग्रेटर मुंबई के नगर आयुक्त को एक खुले पत्र में याचिका दायर कर 540 से अधिक मुंबईकरों ने सभी अवैध और अस्थिर होर्डिंग्स, साइनबोर्ड और इलेक्ट्रिक साइनेज को तत्काल हटाने और 13 मई, 2024 की शाम को घाटकोपर में अवैध होर्डिंग के गिरने की विनाशकारी घटना के बाद अपराधियों के खिलाफ सख्त कार्रवाई की मांग की है, जिसमें 17 लोगों की जान चली गई और कई निर्दोष लोग गंभीर रूप से घायल हो गए।
在线办理(latrobe毕业证书)拉筹伯大学毕业证Offer一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(latrobe毕业证书)拉筹伯大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
लालू यादव की जीवनी LALU PRASAD YADAV BIOGRAPHY
Discover the life and times of Lalu Prasad Yadav with a comprehensive biography in Hindi. Learn about his early days, rise in politics, controversies, and contribution.
ACSA confirms operational readiness ahead the arrival of Heads of State at OR...
ACSA says it is ready for the arrival of foreign heads of state ahead of the Presidential Inauguration on Wednesday at OR Tambo International Airport.
17062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
On the Wrong Track | Recent Increasing Train Accidents in India | News
#On_the_Wrong_Track, This article talks about the recent train accidents in India and gives helpful suggestions #harshkumar #trainaccidents
A draft Ukraine-Russia treaty from April 2022
A draft Ukraine-Russia treaty from April 2022, published here in full for the first time.
18062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
Howard Fineman, Veteran Political Journalist and TV Pundit, Dies at 75
Howard Fineman, Veteran Political Journalist and TV Pundit, Dies at 75LUMINATIVE MEDIA/PROJECT COUNSEL MEDIA GROUP
From his beginnings with a daily newspaper, he moved easily through Newsweek magazine to cable news and, later, to the frontiers of online journalism.13062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
projet de traité négocié à Istanbul (anglais).pdf
Ceci est le projet de traité qui avait été négocié entre Russes et Ukrainiens à Istanbul en mars 2022, avant que les Etats-Unis et la Grande-Bretagne ne détournent Kiev de signer.
Federal Authorities Urge Vigilance Amid Bird Flu Outbreak | The Lifesciences ...
Federal Authorities Urge Vigilance Amid Bird Flu Outbreak | The Lifesciences ...The Lifesciences Magazine
Federal authorities have advised the public to remain vigilant but calm in response to the ongoing bird flu outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza, commonly known as bird flu.12062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
16062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
The Rise of Christian Persecution In Islamic Countries (1).pdf
The Rise of Christian Persecution In Islamic Countries (1).pdfECSPE - Saving the Persecuted and Enslaved
Recent years have seen a disturbing rise in violence, discrimination, and intolerance against Christian communities in various Islamic countries. This multifaceted challenge, deeply rooted in historical, social, and political animosities, demands urgent attention. Despite the escalating persecution, substantial support from the Western world remains lacking.
The Rise of Christian Persecution In Islamic Countries
Christian persecution in Islamic countries has intensified, with alarming incidents of violence, discrimination, and intolerance. This article highlights recent attacks in Nigeria, Pakistan, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq, exposing the multifaceted challenges faced by Christian communities. Despite the severity of these atrocities, the Western world's response remains muted due to political, economic, and social considerations. The urgent need for international intervention is underscored, emphasizing that without substantial support, the future of Christianity in these regions is at grave risk.
https://ecspe.org/the-rise-of-christian-persecution-in-islamic-countries/
Snigdha-Sreenath-Minor-v-Travancore-Devaswom-Board-WPCNO-39847-OF-2023-2024-L...
केरल उच्च न्यायालय ने 11 जून, 2024 को मंडला पूजा में भाग लेने की अनुमति मांगने वाली 10 वर्षीय लड़की की रिट याचिका को खारिज कर दिया, जिसमें सर्वोच्च न्यायालय की एक बड़ी पीठ के समक्ष इस मुद्दे की लंबित प्रकृति पर जोर दिया गया। यह आदेश न्यायमूर्ति अनिल के. नरेंद्रन और न्यायमूर्ति हरिशंकर वी. मेनन की खंडपीठ द्वारा पारित किया गया
Recently uploaded (20)
ACSA confirms operational readiness ahead the arrival of Heads of State at OR...
ACSA confirms operational readiness ahead the arrival of Heads of State at OR...
On the Wrong Track | Recent Increasing Train Accidents in India | News
On the Wrong Track | Recent Increasing Train Accidents in India | News
Howard Fineman, Veteran Political Journalist and TV Pundit, Dies at 75
Howard Fineman, Veteran Political Journalist and TV Pundit, Dies at 75
Federal Authorities Urge Vigilance Amid Bird Flu Outbreak | The Lifesciences ...
Federal Authorities Urge Vigilance Amid Bird Flu Outbreak | The Lifesciences ...
The Rise of Christian Persecution In Islamic Countries (1).pdf
The Rise of Christian Persecution In Islamic Countries (1).pdf
The Impact of Imperial Mode of Living on Migration.pdf
The Impact of Imperial Mode of Living on Migration.pdf
The Rise of Christian Persecution In Islamic Countries
The Rise of Christian Persecution In Islamic Countries
Snigdha-Sreenath-Minor-v-Travancore-Devaswom-Board-WPCNO-39847-OF-2023-2024-L...
Snigdha-Sreenath-Minor-v-Travancore-Devaswom-Board-WPCNO-39847-OF-2023-2024-L...
International sysytems power point
- 1. History and Theory of International Relations Professor: Ibrahim Koncak Student: Sanzhar Satymbaev
- 2. INTERNATIONAL SYSTEMS • The pattern of relations between nation-states and non-state international actors • States interact within a set of long-established “rules of the game” governing what is considered a state and how states treat each other. • Together these rules shape the international system
- 3. Independent State System • consists of political entities that each claim to be sovereign—the right to make both foreign policy and domestic decisions. In Independent State system an ambitious and rising power considered as a threat to the independence of other states and cause to the formation of counterweight coalition and allies.
- 4. Hegemonic State System When one or more States control the international system and set “rules of game”. Variants of Hegemonic system: oUnipolarity oBipolarity oMultipolarity
- 5. •Unipolarity - “One pole,” or a single dominant state such as the United States after the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s •Bipolarity - Two dominant states, such as the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War (1945–1991) •Multipolarity - Three or more states dominate international relations, such as the five great European powers after 1815 (Great Britain, France, Russia, Austria, and Prussia)
- 6. Imperial System • An empire consists of separate societal units associated by regular interaction, but one among them asserts political supremacy and the others formally or tacitly accept this claim. Feudal System (from about the 9th to the 14th centuries) • Power was decentralized and claimed by a diverse group of governmental units, only some of which evolved into modern states. Other actors included trading associations, the great houses of merchant bankers, and local feudal barons. The one institution to claim universal or global jurisdiction was the pre-Reformation Christian Church in Rome, now the Roman Catholic Church. As scholars point out, the feudal system reminds us that the key actors of international politics have not always been, and in the future may not necessarily be, states.