This document discusses the producer-consumer problem and its solution using inter-thread communication. The producer-consumer problem involves two threads - a producer that generates data and puts it in a shared buffer, and a consumer that removes data from the buffer. The challenge is ensuring the producer does not add to a full buffer and the consumer does not remove from an empty buffer. The solution uses wait(), notify(), and notifyAll() methods to put threads to sleep and wake them up, allowing synchronized access to the buffer and solving the problem. Applications where this pattern is used include parallel computing and real-time systems.

1. Presented by:
A P S Subash
B.Tech, II Year.
DEPT. OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGG.
SWARNANDHRA COLLEGE OF ENGG&TECH
NARSAPUR, ANDHRA PRADESH

2.  What is producer/consumer problem ?
 Solution for producer/consumer problem.
 What is inter-thread communication ?
 What are wait(), notify() and notifyAll()
 Working of Interthread Communication
 Applications
 Conclusion SUBASH ANDEY

3.  In computing , the producer–consumer problem is a classic
example of a multi-process synchronization problem.
 Here, the problem describes two threads: one is the producer
and other one is the consumer. These two threads share a
common, fixed-size buffer used as a queue.
 The producer's job is to generate data, put it into the buffer, and
start again. At the same time, the consumer is consuming the
data (i.e., removing it from the buffer), one piece at a time.
 The problem is to make sure that
- The producer won't try to add data into the
buffer if it's full.
- And the consumer won't try to remove data from an
empty buffer.
SUBASH ANDEY

4. SUBASH ANDEY

5.  The solution for the producer is to either go to sleep or discard
data if the buffer is full.
The next time the consumer removes an item from the buffer, it
notifies the producer, who starts to fill the buffer again.
 In the same way, the consumer can go to sleep if it finds the buffer to
be empty.
The next time the producer puts data into the buffer, it wakes up the
sleeping consumer.
 The solution can be reached by means of ”Inter-thread
communication”.
 An inadequate solution could result in a deadlock where both threads
are waiting to be awakened.
SUBASH ANDEY

6. Inter-thread Communication is a mechanism by which
two or more threads communicate smoothly with each
other by way of sending and receiving messages
among them.
Inter-thread Communication is an elegant mechanism
which will be used to solve producer/consumer problem
efficiently through the use of the following methods of
Object class :
(1) wait()
(2) notify()
(3) notifyAll()
SUBASH ANDEY

7.  wait() tells the calling thread to give up the
monitor and go to sleep until some other
thread enters the same monitor and calls
notify() or notifyAll().
 notify() wakes up a thread that called wait() on
the same object.
 notifyAll() wakes up all the threads that called
wait() on the same object. One of the threads
will be granted access.
SUBASH ANDEY

8. SUBASH ANDEY

9.  Producer/Consumer model is used in parallel
computing.
 Producer/Consumer model is key model for threads
programming, especially for the Pool of Threads model.
 It is used for synchronization of concurrently running
processes.
 It is used in real-time critical applications with
multi-Tasking.
SUBASH ANDEY

10. SUBASH ANDEY

11. SUBASH ANDEY

12. This presentation proved programmatically that
the producer/consumer problem can be effectively
solved with the help of Inter-thread
Communication. Inter-thread Communication
successfully solves the problem by ensuring that:
- the producer won't try to add data into the
buffer if it's full.
- and the consumer won't try to remove data
from an empty buffer.
SUBASH ANDEY

13. SUBASH ANDEY

14. SUBASH ANDEY