This document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in C++ including classes, objects, inheritance, abstraction, encapsulation, and polymorphism. It defines each concept and provides examples. Some key advantages of OOP mentioned are code reusability, modeling real-world problems effectively, managing complexity, and facilitating incremental development from small to large systems.

1. Object Oriented Programming
With C++
Principles and advantages of oop

2. CONCEPTS OF OOP
• Class
• object
• Inheritance
• Abstraction
• Encapsulation
• Polymorphism

3. CLASS
• A class is a collection of objects of similar type.
• Example:-
mango, apple and orange are members of the
class fruit.
• Classes are user-defined data type and built-
in type of a programming language.
• fruit mango:
will create an object mango belonging to the
class fruit

4. OBJECT
• Object are the basic run time entity in an
object –oriented system.
• They may represent a person, a place, a bank
account, a table of data or any item that
program has handle.

5. Example of objects
OBJECT: emp
DATA :
Emp_no
Name
Age
Salary
FUNCTIONS :
Getdata (input)
Total (find total
salary)
Display (output)

6. INHERITANCE
 It is the capability of one class to inherit
properties from another class.
5 types of inheritance
 Single level
 Multilevel
 Multiple
 Hierarchical
 Hybrid

7. Single level inheritance
Base classFlower
Rose Derived class
Single level

8. Multi level inheritance
Base class
Rajasthan
Jaipur
World
India
Multi level

9. Multiple inheritance
Bird
Parrot Sparrow
Multiple
inheritance
Base class
Derived class

10. ABSTRACTION
Definition- The act of representing essential
features without including the background details
or explanations.
• Classes uses the concept of abstraction and are
defined list of abstract attributes.
• The attributes are sometime called as data
members because they hold information.
• The function that operates on these data are
sometimes called methods or member function.

11. ENCAPSULATION
• Definition :- The wrapping up of data and
functions into a single unit.
• Data encapsulation is the most striking
feature of class.
• Encapsulation means that some or all of an
object's internal structure is "hidden" from
the outside world.

12. POLYMORPHISM
•polymorphism is the ability of objects of
different types to respond to functions of
the same name.

13. Types of polymorphism
• Virtual functions.
• Operator overloading.
• Function overloading.

14. ADVANTAGES OF OOP
• Through inheritance, we can eliminate code and
extend the use of existing classes.
• Reusability.
• Easy to understand.
• Models the real world well.
• The principle of data hiding helps the programmer to
build secure programs.
• Software complexity can be easily managed.

15. • It is essay to partition the work in a project based on
object.
• Software complexity can be easily managed.
• Object –oriented system can be easily upgraded from
small to large system.