The document discusses the role and functions of the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) in India. Key points include:
- The IAEC is constituted in registered institutes to review and approve all animal research proposals to ensure ethical standards and prevent unnecessary animal suffering.
- It consists of 8 mandatory members including scientists from different disciplines, a veterinarian, and a nominee of the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals.
- The IAEC reviews proposals, monitors approved studies, and ensures compliance with applicable laws and guidelines. It can approve small animal research but must recommend large animal studies to a regulatory subcommittee.
- Meetings are held quarterly, decisions made by
toxicology study according to OECD guidelines, organisation for economic co-orporation and developement, jasdeep singh , maharaja ranjit singh punjab technical university bathinda
toxicology study according to OECD guidelines, organisation for economic co-orporation and developement, jasdeep singh , maharaja ranjit singh punjab technical university bathinda
Requirements And Guidelines For Permission To Import / or Manufacture of New Drugs For Sale or To Undertake Clinical Trials
Schedule Y was introduced under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940, to
introduce requirements for countries to get permission for:
Importing
Manufacturing new drugs
Conducting Clinical Trials.
Application for permission
Clinical Trial
Studies in specific population
Post marketing surveillance
Special studies: BA/BE studies
The prevention of cruelty to animals act 1960Shaik Rasheed
This presentation give the complete information regarding the The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act 1960 including the definitions, composition of IAEC, Breeding and stocking of animals, experiments, offences and penalties.
Requirements And Guidelines For Permission To Import / or Manufacture of New Drugs For Sale or To Undertake Clinical Trials
Schedule Y was introduced under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940, to
introduce requirements for countries to get permission for:
Importing
Manufacturing new drugs
Conducting Clinical Trials.
Application for permission
Clinical Trial
Studies in specific population
Post marketing surveillance
Special studies: BA/BE studies
The prevention of cruelty to animals act 1960Shaik Rasheed
This presentation give the complete information regarding the The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act 1960 including the definitions, composition of IAEC, Breeding and stocking of animals, experiments, offences and penalties.
This ppt is based on the Animals Act -1960 proposed for the welfare of ANIMALS. It contains the objective and comeetee which were established for the development of animals
Responsible conduct of research .
• The responsible conduct of research (RCR) involves the following major components: values; policies; planning and conducting research; reviewing and reporting research; and responsible authorship and publication
• Institutions conducting research must establish a research office within their institution to facilitate research, manage grants, and oversee all aspects of RCR
• The research office must work closely with the EC and with all stakeholders, including undergraduate and postgraduate students
• SOPs required to address components of RCR as follows
–Values of research
- RCR is guided by shared values including honesty, accuracy, efficiency, fairness, objectivity, reliability, accountability, transparency, personal integrity, and knowledge of current best practices, and these should be reflected in RCR-related policies
–Policies
- Protection of human participants, animal experimentation
–Planning and conducting research - specific issues
- Conflict of interest; data acquisition, management, sharing and ownership
–Reviewing and reporting research
–Responsible authorship and publication
–Research misconduct and policies for handling misconduct
–Registration with Clinical Trials Registry- India
–Collaborative research
Ethical review procedures
Ethical review procedures
• Terms of reference for ethics committees (EC)
–TOR for the EC and its members should be clearly specified by the institution in the EC SOPs
• Special situations
–Institutions can have one or more than one EC; each EC can function as a stand-alone committee which should follow all the SOPs and TORs of that institution
–An institution that does not have its own EC (user institution) may utilize the services of the EC of another institution (host institution) preferably in the adjoining/nearby area
• List of SOPs
• Review of multicentric research
• Continuing review
• Site monitoring
• Record keeping and archiving
• Administration and management
• Registration and accreditation of ECs
• Criteria for selection of EC members
• Composition of an EC
A well-established hospital is frequently approached by pharmaceutical industry to conduct research on human subjects, for their products and / or for new drug and new formulation.
Even doctors in the hospitals have a keen desire to investigate some of their new ideas by experimenting on the patients.
For all such research involving human subjects in hospital should be routed through an important committee called , 'research and ethics committee' or simply 'independent ethics committee (IEC).
All research involving human subject should be conducted in accordance with ethical principle contained in the current revision of 'declaration of helsinki'.
The declaration is based on three basic considerations namely, justice, respect for persons and to maximize benefits and to minimize harms.
• The Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) is a statutory Committee of Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying (DAHD), Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying (MoFAH&D) constituted under the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (PCA) Act, 1960.
• CPCSEA is duty bound to take all such measures as may be necessary to ensure that animals are not subjected to unnecessary pain or suffering before, during or after performance of experiments on them.
INTRODUCTION
• For this purpose, the Committee formulated the Breeding of and Experiments on Animals (Control & Supervision) Rules, 1998 (amended in 2001 & 2006) to regulate the experimentation on animals.
• Under the provisions of the above rules, establishments who are engaged in Bio-medical research, breeding and trading of laboratory animals are required to get themselves registered with CPCSEA.
• There are 19 members in the present CPCSEA wherein Dr. O. P. Chaudhary, Joint Secretary (Animal Welfare) is the Chairman of CPCSEA and Dr. S. K. Dutta, Joint Commissioner (Animal Welfare) is the Member Secretary of CPCSEA.
Need of cpcsea
FUNCTIONS
Institutional Animals Ethics Committee (IAEC)
(a) Every experiment shall be performed by or under the supervision of a person duly qualified.
(b) That experiments are performed with due care and humanity and as far as possible experiments involving operations are performed under the influence of some anaesthetic of sufficient power to prevent the animals from feeling pain;
(c) That animals who, in the course of experiments under the influence of anaesthetics, are so injured that their recovery would involve serious suffering, are ordinarily medically allowed to death while still under influence of anaesthetic;
(d) That experiments on animals are avoided wherever it is possible to do so.
(e) That experiments on larger animals are avoided when it is possible to achieve the same results by experiments on small laboratory animals like guinea-pigs, rabbits, mice, rats etc;
(f) That, as far as possible, experiments are not performed merely for the purpose of acquiring manual skill;
(g) That animals intended for the performance of experiments are properly looked after before, during and after experiments;
(h) That suitable records are maintained with respect to experiments performed on animals
Members of iaec
• A. IAEC members from the establishment (05 members):
• i. One biological scientist
• ii. Two scientists from different biological disciplines
• iii. One veterinarian involved in the care of animal
• iv. One scientist in charge of animal facility of the establishment concerned
• B. Nominees from the CPCSEA:
• i. Main Nominee (01)
• ii. Link Nominee *
• iii. Scientist from outside the Institute (01)
• iv. Socially Aware Nominee (01)
Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBSC)
• Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBSC) is to be constituted in all centers engaged in genetic engineering researc
Similar to Institutional Animals Ethics Committee (20)
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
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This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
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The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
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2. Animal Ethics
Term used to describe human-animal relationships and how
animals ought to be managed and treated. It includes,
• Animal rights
• Animal welfare
• Animal law
• Animal cognition
• Wildlife conservation
• Moral status of nonhuman animals
3. 5 Freedoms of Animal Welfare
• Freedom from hunger or thirst by ready access to fresh water and a
diet to maintain full health and vigour
• Freedom from discomfort by providing an appropriate environment
including shelter and a comfortable resting area
• Freedom from pain, injury or disease by prevention or rapid
diagnosis and treatment
• Freedom to express (most) normal behaviour by providing
sufficient space, proper facilities and company of the animal's own
kind
• Freedom from fear and distress by ensuring conditions and
treatment which avoid mental suffering
4. Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
Act 1960
• Individuals conducting experiments must be qualified, and the
experiments are performed under their full responsibility
• Experiments to be performed with due care and humanity, as
far as possible, experiments involving operations are performed
under the influence of some anaesthetic
• During course of experiments performed under the influence
of anaesthetics, if an animal becomes so injured that recovery
would involve serious suffering, it will be euthanised while
still anaesthetised.
5. Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
Act 1960
• Experiments on animals are avoided wherever it is
possible to do so, if other teaching devices such as
books, models, films and the like may equally suffice
• Experiments on larger animals are avoided when it is
possible to achieve the same results by experiments upon
small laboratory animals, such as guinea-pigs, rabbits,
frogs and rats
• Experiments are not performed merely for the purpose
of acquiring manual skill
6. Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
Act 1960
• Animals intended for the performance of experiments are
properly looked after both before and after experiments
• Suitable records are maintained with respect to
experiments performed on animals.
7. CPCSEA & IAEC
• Currently in India, experimentation on animals is covered
under the provisions of Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals Act, (PCA Act) 1960 and the Rules under the
amended Act of 1998 and 2001.
• Implemented through Committee for the Purpose of
Control & Supervision of Experiments on Animals
(CPCSEA), established in 1964 under Section 15(1) of the
PCA Act under the Ministry of Environment Forest &
Climate Change
8. CPCSEA & IAEC
• Institutional Animal Ethics Committees (IAECs)
constituted in registered laboratories under CPCSEA
• Currently, there are 86 medical universities, 80 pharmacy
colleges, 35 veterinary universities and 464 institutions
that use animals for biomedical/regulatory research
9. Institutional Animals Ethics Committee
As defined in “Breeding of and Experiments on Animals
(Control and Supervision) Rules, 1998”:
Institutional Animals Ethics Committee means a body
comprising of a group of persons recognized and
registered by the CPCSEA, performed in an
establishment which is constituted and operated in
accordance with procedures specified for the purpose
by the Committee.
10. Objective of IAEC
To contribute to the effective functioning of the Institutional
Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) so that a standard and
consistent ethical review procedure for animal research is
practised for all proposals dealt by the Committee as
prescribed by the CPCSEA under PCA Act 1960 and
Breeding and Experimentation Rules 1998.
11. Functions of IAEC
• 8 member IAEC that includes a nominee of the
CPCSEA is constituted in every registered institute as a
necessary prerequisite
• All research project proposals using small animals, such
as rats, mice, rabbits or guinea-pigs, have to be approved
by the IAEC before initiation
• Every member of the IAEC has the right to
question/disapprove of a project; unapproved
proposals are referred to a subcommittee of experts for
scrutiny and possible approval
12. Functions of IAEC
• IAEC cannot approve research projects on large
animals, such as dogs, cats, nonhuman primates, cattle,
goats, sheep, and so forth, and can only recommend the
same to the sub-committee of the CPCSEA, which, alone,
has the power to approve projects on higher vertebrates
• Monitoring research throughout the study and after
completion of study through periodic reports and visit
animal house and laboratory where the experiments are
conducted.
13. Functions of IAEC
• The committee has to ensure compliance with all
regulatory requirements, applicable rules, guidelines and
laws
• IAEC accords quality and consistency in review of
research proposals and to prevent infliction of
unnecessary pain & sufferings before, during and after
experiments on animals, to follow the CPCSEA
guidelines.
14. Composition of IAEC
Institutional Animals Ethics committee shall include eight
members as follows.
1. A biological scientist
2. Two scientists from different biological disciplines
3. A veterinarian involved in the care of animal
4. Scientist in charge of animals facility of the
establishment concerned
15. Composition of IAEC
5. A scientist from outside the institute
6. A non scientific socially aware member
7. A nominee of CPCSEA
The Chairperson of the Committee and Member Secretary
would be nominated by the Institution from among the eight
members. Members against Serial number 1-4 will be
nominated by the institute and approved by CPCSEA where
as members 5,6 and 7 will be nominated by CPCSEA
16. IAEC Requirements
• Duration of appointment is for a period of 5 years
• Committee is required to be reconstituted at the time of
renewal of registration, and at least half of the members
will be replaced
• A member can be replaced in the event of death or long-
term non-availability or for any action not commensurate
with the responsibilities laid down in the guidelines
deemed unfit for a member
17. IAEC Requirements
• A member can tender resignation from the committee
with proper reasons to do so
• All members should maintain absolute confidentiality of
all discussions during the meeting and sign a
confidentiality form.
• Conflict of interest should be declared by members of the
IAEC.
18. Quorum Requirements
• Minimum of 6 members required to compose a quorum
• Decisions will be made only in meetings where quorum is
complete.
• All decisions should be taken in meetings and not by
circulation of project proposals.
• Presence of CPCSEA nominee is a must
• Socially aware member’s presence is compulsory in cases
referred to CPCSEA and at least in one meeting in a
calendar year
19. Conduct of Business
• IAEC meeting will be conducted once in 3 months
• The copies of the proposals will be sent to the members 2
weeks prior to the meeting
• The Chairperson will conduct all meetings of the IAEC. If
he/she is not available an alternate Chairperson will be
elected from the members by the members present, who will
conduct the meeting
20. Conduct of Business
• The Member Secretary is responsible for organizing the
meetings, maintaining the records and communicating
with all concerned
• Approval letters will be issued no later than 15 days of the
meeting
• Revised and resubmitted proposals approval will be issued
no later than 7 days of re submission
21. Participation by Investigators /
Experts
• IAEC may call upon subject experts who may provide
special review of selected research protocols, if need be.
• They are required to give their specialized views but do
not take part in the decision making process which will be
made by the members of the IAEC
22. Review Procedure
• Need of the proposed research work based on existing
information available
• Type and the reason for the animal chosen
• Number of animals required
• Detailed procedure involved - grouping of animals,
handling, feeding, blood withdrawal, anaesthetics used and
their dose, route of administration of the investigational
agents, the dose, duration and monitoring of animals and
how the samples will be used
23. Review Procedure
• The safety data available for the investigational agent
• Post study plan - rehabilitation / euthanasia
• Details of euthanasia
• Method of disposal of carcass
• Decisions will be taken by consensus after discussions.
Negative view points should be recorded in the minutes.
In case consensus is not reached, the case should be
referred to CPCSEA
24. Decision-making
• Decisions will be made only in meetings where quorum is
complete
• Only members can make the decision. The experts /
investigators / invitees will only offer their opinions.
• Decision may be to approve, reject or revise the
proposals. Specific suggestions for modifications and
reasons for rejection should be given.
25. Decision-making
• A member should withdraw from the meeting during the
decision procedure concerning an application where a
conflict of interest arises and this should be indicated to
the chairperson prior to the review of the application and
recorded in the minutes
• Modified proposals may be reviewed by an expedited
review through identified members.
26. Communicating the Decision
• Decision will be communicated by the Member Secretary
in writing
• Suggestions for modifications, if any, should be sent by
IAEC
• Reasons for rejection should be informed to the
researchers.
27. Reporting to CPCSEA
• IAEC is required to send a copy of minutes of IAEC
meeting to CPCSEA within 15 days
• Inspection report of animal house with photographs by
IAEC members is required to be sent once in a calendar
year
• Fees Payable to CPCSEA: Registration fee of Rs. 10,000/-
and renewal fee of Rs. 2,500/-
28. Record keeping by IAEC
All following documents must be stored for a period of five
years
• Curriculum Vitae (CV) of all members
• Copy of all study protocols with enclosed documents,
progress reports
• Minutes of all meetings duly signed by the Chairperson
and the members
29. Record keeping by IAEC
• Copy of all existing relevant national and international
guidelines on animal ethics and laws along with
amendments
• Copy of all correspondence with members, researchers
and other regulatory bodies
• Record of Breeding of animals, supply etc, if breeding of
animals is undertaken
• Record of import of animals with species, source,
quantity, usage etc.
31. Dissection Monitoring Committee
(DMC)
• All institutes of Higher Education require Dissection
Monitoring Committee (DMC) to ensure strict
compliance of instructions, relating to the use of animals
for research purposes only.
• Prohibits dissection by students or teachers for teaching
purposes in UG and PG programs
• Promotes use of digital alternatives, models, charts etc for
educational purposes
32. Dissection Monitoring Committee
(DMC)
• Convener and Chairperson: Head of concerned
department
• Members: 2 senior faculty members of concerned
department, 1 faculty member of a related department,
same institute, 1/ 2 faculty members of concerned
department from nearby institute
33. Dissection Monitoring Committee
(DMC)
• Tenure: 2 years
• Quorum for the meeting shall be 3/6, where atleast 1
member from the neighboring institute must be present
• DMC shall meet atleast once each semester/half year and
approve or review alternative experimentation of animals
for lab exercises
34. Functions of DMC
• Ensure that animals permitted for use are procured from
ethical sources, and not removed from the wild
• Ensure stress-free transportation to lab
• Proper care and anesthetization of live animals, if used
• Ensure that the institute maintains appropriate records of
procurement of animals, their transport, number of
animals used, use of anesthesia/euthanasia etc.
• Reduction in number of animals for dissection &
experimentation