This document discusses curriculum development and different approaches to curriculum. It defines curriculum development as the process of selecting, organizing, executing, and evaluating learning experiences based on learner needs, abilities, interests, and the school/community environment. It provides an example of how modern language classrooms often use an eclectic approach drawing from various methods. An approach represents a view of language and learning, which gives rise to classroom methods and techniques. The document outlines four common curriculum approaches: the behavioral approach which studies observable behavior and environment; the managerial approach which views the school as a social system; the systems approach which is a problem-solving process; and the humanistic approach which places the learner at the center.

1. UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LOJA
FACULTAD DE EDUCACIÓN, EL ARTE Y LA
COMUNICACIÓN
CARRERA DE PEDAGOGÍA DE LOS IDIOMAS NACIONALES Y
EXTRANJEROS
ESCENARIOS Y CONTEXTOS DE APRENDIZAJE: CURRICULUM,
FUNDATIONS, PRINCIPLES AND ISSUES
MG. MARÍA PATRICIA RODRÍGUEZ LUDEÑA
JHUNIOR HERNÁN GONZÁLEZ SARANGO
Abril – Septiembre 2020
Loja-Ecuador
TEACHER:
STUDENT:
CYCLE:
IV
ABRIL - SEPTIEMBRE 2020
LOJA - ECUADOR

2. CURRICULUM
Curriculum development is defined as the
process of:
SELECTING
ORGANIZING
EXECUTING
EVALUATING
the learning experiences on the basis of the
needs, abilities, and interest of learners, and on
the basis of the nature of the school society or
community.

3. In the classroom
Learners in the modern
language classroom often
learn through techniques
drawn from a variety of
methods/approaches in
what has been labelled an
‘eclectic approach'.
Teachers select techniques
from various approaches
according to the different
needs of their learners.
Most coursebooks mix
methods and techniques in
this way.
Example:
The communicative approach
is the best-known current
approach to language
teaching. Task-based
teaching is a methodology
associated with it. Other
approaches include the
cognitive-code approach, and
the aural-oral approach
(audiolingual method).
Iway.
An approach is a way
of looking at
teaching and
learning. Underlying
any language
teaching approach is
a theoretical view of
what language is,
and of how it can be
learnt.
APPROACH
An approach gives
rise to methods, the
way of teaching
something, which use
classroom activities
or techniques to help
learners learn.

4. CURRICULUM
APPROACHES
1
2Managerial
Approach
3
4
The behavioral approach emphasizes the
scientific study of observable behavioral
responses and their environmental
determinants. In other words its the study of the
connection between our minds and behavioral.
The managerial approach entails consideration of the
school as a social system, based on organizational
theory, in which the constituent members (e.g.
students, teachers, curriculum specialists, and
administrators) interact in harmony with certain norms
and behaviours.
The systems approach is basically a process of problem
solving; it can be applied to many areas in the field of
education, such as instruction, research, management of
educational institutions, curriculum development and so on.
The system approach consists of main four foundations in
Educational settings as under: Input, Process, Output and
Feedback.
This approach is anchored on progressive philosophy and
child-centered movement. The learner is at the center of the
curriculum. This approach believes that in the curriculum
development the child is the prime consideration.
Some core principles are important in this approach: respect
for life and human dignity; equal rights and social justice; and
respect for cultural diversity.
Behavioral
Approach
System Approach
Humanistic Approach
There are four curriculum approaches