Infectious complications of bites
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
2 likes•921 views
This document discusses infectious complications that can arise from animal and human bites. It covers different types of bites including from dogs, cats, small rodents, snakes, and humans. For each type of bite, it identifies common bacteria involved and symptoms of potential infections. It emphasizes that dog bites result in infection 15-20% of the time and are the most common animal bite. The document concludes by discussing treatment approaches for bite wounds, including wound irrigation, debridement, closure considerations, and antibiotic therapy.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Sepsis and septic shock management guidelines 2019
This document discusses guidelines for managing sepsis and septic shock from 2019. It outlines definitions of sepsis and septic shock, scoring systems like SOFA, and recommendations for treatment including initial resuscitation goals, antimicrobial therapy within 1 hour, source control, fluid therapy of 30 ml/kg crystalloids within 3 hours, inotropes like norepinephrine to target MAP of 65 mmHg, and supportive therapies regarding mechanical ventilation, glucose control, and blood products. The guidelines were updated in 2019 to emphasize early lactate measurement, blood cultures, antibiotics, and IV fluids as part of the sepsis bundle of care.
SEPSIS.pptx
Sepsis is a complex clinical condition arising from the body's response to infection. The pathogenesis involves an initial systemic inflammatory response followed by immune dysfunction and multi-organ injury. Key events include an imbalance in pro-inflammatory cytokines due to activation of pattern recognition receptors by pathogens and damage signals. This triggers endothelial dysfunction, coagulopathy and tissue injury. Prolonged immunosuppression also occurs due to depletion of T-cells and impaired cytokine production. Mitochondrial damage further contributes to organ failure in sepsis patients.
Spontaneous Pneumothorax An Update
This document discusses the diagnosis and treatment of primary and secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. Primary pneumothorax typically occurs in young, healthy individuals and is usually treated initially with observation or simple aspiration. Secondary pneumothorax occurs in the context of underlying lung disease and may require chest tube drainage. Treatment depends on factors such as pneumothorax size and severity of symptoms. Surgical intervention is recommended for recurrent or persistent cases.
Bone and Joint Infection
The document discusses acute osteomyelitis (OM), defining it as a pyogenic bone infection. It outlines the classification, typical organisms, pathogenesis, clinical features, investigations and management of acute OM. Key points include: acute OM most commonly affects preschool children and the metaphysis of long bones; symptoms include fever, bone pain and inability to bear weight; diagnosis involves blood tests, imaging like X-ray and bone scan, and aspirating pus from abscesses; treatment is with antibiotics, drainage of abscesses if present, and relieving intraosseous pressure with bone drilling if needed. Complications can include septic arthritis if the infection spreads to adjacent joints.
Septic shock
Septic shock is a life-threatening condition that arises when sepsis leads to dangerously low blood pressure and problems in organ function. It results from an infection that causes changes throughout the body. Early recognition and treatment are important, including administering antibiotics within an hour, aggressive fluid resuscitation, and monitoring for organ dysfunction. Goals of management are restoring blood pressure, reversing signs of low perfusion, and treating the underlying infection while avoiding additional organ injury.
Puncture wounds and bites
This document provides information on puncture wounds and their management. It discusses the pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of various types of puncture wounds including those from high pressure injection injuries, animal bites, needle sticks, and more. Complications are outlined along with prevention and management recommendations. Imaging, wound care, debridement, antibiotics, and tetanus prophylaxis are frequently recommended depending on the wound type and risk of infection.
Snake Bite Management
Snakebite Overview
Snakes are remarkable animals, successful on land, in the sea, in forests, in grasslands, in lakes, and in deserts. Despite their sinister reputation, snakes are almost always more scared of you than you are of them. Most snakes do not act aggressive toward humans without provocation.
Snakes are meat eaters and they catch prey that includes insects, birds, small mammals, and other reptiles, sometimes including other snakes. Only about 400 of 3,000 snake species worldwide are poisonous. About 25 species of poisonous snakes are found in the Philippines. Many snakes kill their prey by constriction. In constriction, a snake suffocates its prey by tightening its hold around the chest, preventing breathing or causing direct cardiac arrest. Snakes do not kill by crushing prey. Some snakes grab prey with their teeth and then swallow it whole.
Snake constrictions
Snake swallowing whole
The Bite
Snake bites can be deadly if not treated quickly. Children are at higher risk for death or serious complications due to snake bites because of their smaller body size.
Poisonous snakes inject venom using modified salivary glands. During envenomation (the bite that injects venom or poison), the venom passes from the venom gland through a duct into the snake's fangs, and finally into its prey. Not all bites lead to envenomation. Snakes can regulate whether to release venom and how much to release. "Dry Bites" (a bite where no venom is injected) occur in between 25%-50% of snake bites. Snake venom is a combination of numerous substances with varying effects.
What bit me
This document provides a primer on arthropods of medical importance. It begins with background information on entomology, medical entomology, and what constitutes a pest. It then discusses different types of pest arthropods, including those that are aesthetic nuisances, agricultural pests, and pests of medical importance. It notes that most arthropods transmit disease via hematophagy, or blood feeding. The document concludes by beginning an alphabetic listing of different arthropod groups, starting with arthropods, bugs, bed bugs, and beetles.
Recommended
Sepsis and septic shock management guidelines 2019
This document discusses guidelines for managing sepsis and septic shock from 2019. It outlines definitions of sepsis and septic shock, scoring systems like SOFA, and recommendations for treatment including initial resuscitation goals, antimicrobial therapy within 1 hour, source control, fluid therapy of 30 ml/kg crystalloids within 3 hours, inotropes like norepinephrine to target MAP of 65 mmHg, and supportive therapies regarding mechanical ventilation, glucose control, and blood products. The guidelines were updated in 2019 to emphasize early lactate measurement, blood cultures, antibiotics, and IV fluids as part of the sepsis bundle of care.
SEPSIS.pptx
Sepsis is a complex clinical condition arising from the body's response to infection. The pathogenesis involves an initial systemic inflammatory response followed by immune dysfunction and multi-organ injury. Key events include an imbalance in pro-inflammatory cytokines due to activation of pattern recognition receptors by pathogens and damage signals. This triggers endothelial dysfunction, coagulopathy and tissue injury. Prolonged immunosuppression also occurs due to depletion of T-cells and impaired cytokine production. Mitochondrial damage further contributes to organ failure in sepsis patients.
Spontaneous Pneumothorax An Update
This document discusses the diagnosis and treatment of primary and secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. Primary pneumothorax typically occurs in young, healthy individuals and is usually treated initially with observation or simple aspiration. Secondary pneumothorax occurs in the context of underlying lung disease and may require chest tube drainage. Treatment depends on factors such as pneumothorax size and severity of symptoms. Surgical intervention is recommended for recurrent or persistent cases.
Bone and Joint Infection
The document discusses acute osteomyelitis (OM), defining it as a pyogenic bone infection. It outlines the classification, typical organisms, pathogenesis, clinical features, investigations and management of acute OM. Key points include: acute OM most commonly affects preschool children and the metaphysis of long bones; symptoms include fever, bone pain and inability to bear weight; diagnosis involves blood tests, imaging like X-ray and bone scan, and aspirating pus from abscesses; treatment is with antibiotics, drainage of abscesses if present, and relieving intraosseous pressure with bone drilling if needed. Complications can include septic arthritis if the infection spreads to adjacent joints.
Septic shock
Septic shock is a life-threatening condition that arises when sepsis leads to dangerously low blood pressure and problems in organ function. It results from an infection that causes changes throughout the body. Early recognition and treatment are important, including administering antibiotics within an hour, aggressive fluid resuscitation, and monitoring for organ dysfunction. Goals of management are restoring blood pressure, reversing signs of low perfusion, and treating the underlying infection while avoiding additional organ injury.
Puncture wounds and bites
This document provides information on puncture wounds and their management. It discusses the pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of various types of puncture wounds including those from high pressure injection injuries, animal bites, needle sticks, and more. Complications are outlined along with prevention and management recommendations. Imaging, wound care, debridement, antibiotics, and tetanus prophylaxis are frequently recommended depending on the wound type and risk of infection.
Snake Bite Management
Snakebite Overview
Snakes are remarkable animals, successful on land, in the sea, in forests, in grasslands, in lakes, and in deserts. Despite their sinister reputation, snakes are almost always more scared of you than you are of them. Most snakes do not act aggressive toward humans without provocation.
Snakes are meat eaters and they catch prey that includes insects, birds, small mammals, and other reptiles, sometimes including other snakes. Only about 400 of 3,000 snake species worldwide are poisonous. About 25 species of poisonous snakes are found in the Philippines. Many snakes kill their prey by constriction. In constriction, a snake suffocates its prey by tightening its hold around the chest, preventing breathing or causing direct cardiac arrest. Snakes do not kill by crushing prey. Some snakes grab prey with their teeth and then swallow it whole.
Snake constrictions
Snake swallowing whole
The Bite
Snake bites can be deadly if not treated quickly. Children are at higher risk for death or serious complications due to snake bites because of their smaller body size.
Poisonous snakes inject venom using modified salivary glands. During envenomation (the bite that injects venom or poison), the venom passes from the venom gland through a duct into the snake's fangs, and finally into its prey. Not all bites lead to envenomation. Snakes can regulate whether to release venom and how much to release. "Dry Bites" (a bite where no venom is injected) occur in between 25%-50% of snake bites. Snake venom is a combination of numerous substances with varying effects.
What bit me
This document provides a primer on arthropods of medical importance. It begins with background information on entomology, medical entomology, and what constitutes a pest. It then discusses different types of pest arthropods, including those that are aesthetic nuisances, agricultural pests, and pests of medical importance. It notes that most arthropods transmit disease via hematophagy, or blood feeding. The document concludes by beginning an alphabetic listing of different arthropod groups, starting with arthropods, bugs, bed bugs, and beetles.
Epidemiology animal disease
pandemic, epidemic, outbreak, transmission of disease, how disease is transmitted, disease transmission, animal disease transmission, survelliance, survelliance of animal disease, typing methods, intervention in animal disease
About Tolemerase
Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes that protect cellular DNA from degradation. Telomere shortening is linked to cellular aging and is thought to be a root cause of age-related diseases. Telomerase is an enzyme that adds telomere repeats to chromosome ends and counteracts telomere shortening during cell division. Studies have shown that activating telomerase can prolong cellular lifespan, rejuvenate cells, and delay age-related changes in animals. Preliminary studies in humans using TA-65, a molecule that activates telomerase, have shown benefits such as reduced levels of senescent immune cells and lengthened short telomeres without safety issues.
7 wounds and bleeding
This document provides guidance on first aid treatments for various types of wounds and bleeding in children. It discusses abrasions, lacerations, incisions, punctures, dog bites, and human bites. It describes how to treat external bleeding by applying direct pressure and elevating the injured area. Major external bleeding, embedded object wounds, nosebleeds, bleeding from the mouth, knocked out teeth, crush injuries, internal bleeding, palm wounds, amputations, and chest wounds are each summarized with the aims of treatment and steps to take. Throughout, it emphasizes controlling blood loss, preventing infection, treating for shock, and seeking immediate medical help for serious injuries.
Snake bites and insect stings
This document provides information about snake bites, scorpion stings, and bee stings. It describes the symptoms of each, including pain, swelling, nausea, and fainting for snake bites. It recommends lying still, washing the wound, applying a bandage, and seeking medical help for snake bites. Scorpion stings can cause muscle twitching, numbness, and breathing issues. The document recommends applying a bandage, cold compression, and pain medication for scorpion stings. Bee stings cause a sharp pain and redness at the sting site, and removing the stinger with tweezers followed by a cold compress is recommended treatment.
Bite Wound Lecture
Management of Human and Animal Bite Wounds provides an overview of bite wound infections. Over 1 million animal bites occur annually in the US, with dog bites accounting for 80-90% and resulting in over a dozen deaths each year. Bite wounds can become infected by bacteria from the biting animal's mouth and skin flora. Common complications are lymphangitis, septic arthritis, and osteomyelitis. Proper management includes thorough wound cleansing, debridement if needed, antibiotics, and tetanus prophylaxis. Cultures may be taken to guide antibiotic selection.
Basics of First aid for children in Middle School
The document provides first aid information for various common injuries and medical emergencies. It details how to treat minor wounds like cuts, scrapes, and bruises by cleaning and dressing them. It also gives guidance for more serious issues like fractures, burns, bites, puncture wounds, nosebleeds, choking, electric shock, and head injuries. The document emphasizes the importance of proper wound care, immobilizing fractures, knowing when to seek immediate medical attention, and performing CPR or the Heimlich maneuver when needed.
Bites And Stings
Bites and stings from various creatures can cause medical issues ranging from minor to severe, depending on factors like the type of creature and amount of venom injected. Different creatures' venoms spread through the body in different ways, and signs and symptoms as well as recommended first aid procedures vary. However, in general prevention is key and the primary goals of first aid are to restrict further venom spread, reduce pain, and seek urgent medical help if needed.
Cutting and Stabbing Wounds - Criminal Documentation
This document provides an overview of cutting and stabbing wounds for forensic investigators. It defines four categories of cutting wounds: abrasions, lacerations, incised wounds, and puncture wounds. Abrasions are friction injuries that remove skin or tissue. Lacerations involve tearing of tissue and have ragged edges. Incised wounds are made by sharp objects and have clean, defined edges. Stabbing wounds are puncture wounds where the depth is greater than the length. The document outlines how to identify, document, and analyze different wound types to determine the cause and manner of injury based on wound appearance and characteristics.
Presentation emergency medicine
This document provides information on snake bites, including epidemiology, causes, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, management, and prevention. It notes that snake bites affect millions globally each year, causing tens of thousands of deaths annually in India alone. The document discusses the venom and toxins of snakes, as well as the local and systemic effects of envenomation. It provides guidance on first aid, clinical assessment, investigations, antivenom treatment, and supportive care for snake bite victims.
Pathogens.ppt
This document discusses different types of pathogens that can cause disease in animals. It defines pathogens as microbes or agents that cause disease. The main types of pathogens discussed are bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and prions. For each type, examples are provided of diseases they cause along with associated symptoms. Common bacterial, viral, fungal and protozoal diseases affecting multiple body systems in animals are outlined. The document provides an overview of pathogens and infectious diseases in a veterinary context.
Presentation on Tetanus Disease
Tetanus an neurological disease characterized by an acute onset of hypertonia, painful muscular contractions (usually of the muscles of the jaw and neck), and generalized muscle spasms without other apparent medical causes.
Zoonosis
This chapter discusses prevention and control of zoonotic diseases. It describes four common zoonotic diseases in detail: anthrax, brucellosis, toxoplasmosis, and rabies. These diseases are usually transmitted from animals to humans through direct contact, ingestion, inhalation or bites. The chapter outlines symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment for each disease. It emphasizes the importance of public education, vaccination, proper food handling, and sanitation to prevent and control the spread of zoonotic diseases from animals to humans.
Ricketssia
Rickettsia are obligate intracellular bacteria that are transmitted to humans through arthropod bites such as ticks, lice, fleas, and mites. They infect endothelial cells and cause vasculitis. There are three main groups - epidemic typhus group, scrub typhus group, and spotted fever group. Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii and transmitted by ticks. It presents with acute fever, rash, and potentially life-threatening complications if not treated promptly with doxycycline or chloramphenicol. Laboratory diagnosis involves serologic tests to detect antibodies. Prevention involves avoiding tick and insect bites.
Untitled presentation ON TICKS.pptx
This document provides information about ticks and tick-borne diseases. It discusses that ticks are arachnids that feed on warm-blooded hosts by biting them and can transmit bacteria, viruses, and protozoans that cause diseases. Some of the diseases discussed include Lyme disease, anaplasmosis, babesiosis, Powassan fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and Q fever. It also provides details on the classification, life cycle, and symptoms of these diseases. Prevention methods mentioned include minimizing exposure to ticks through proper clothing, tick checks, yard maintenance, and chemical or pesticide control.
PPT.pptx
This document provides an overview of preventive health care management for dairy cows. It discusses the importance of shifting from treatment of illness to disease prevention through health management. Key aspects of health, disease, and signs of health and illness in dairy cows are defined. Common diseases in dairy cows are classified into bacterial, viral, protozoal, helminthic, and metabolic diseases. Several specific diseases that affect dairy cows are described in detail, including their symptoms and methods of control through vaccination, sanitation, isolation of sick animals, and other preventive measures.
Otitis externa
Otitis externa refers to infections of the external ear canal. It can be acute or chronic. Acute otitis externa is commonly known as swimmer's ear and is caused by bacterial or fungal infections due to water exposure. Chronic otitis externa is defined as lasting over 4 weeks and is often due to bacterial, fungal, or dermatological causes. Necrotizing external otitis is a potentially lethal infection seen in immunocompromised patients like diabetics. Treatment involves topical or oral antibiotics, cleaning of the ear canal, and surgery in severe cases. Proper diagnosis depends on history, exam, and sometimes imaging or labs.
Otitis externa
This document discusses various conditions affecting the external ear canal, including:
- Otitis externa (swimmer's ear), which can range from mild to severe bacterial infections. Pseudomonas and Staph are common causes. Treatment involves cleaning, topical antibiotics, and pain control.
- Otomycosis is a fungal infection of the ear canal most often caused by Aspergillus or Candida. Symptoms are similar to bacterial otitis but with more pruritus. Treatment involves thorough cleaning and topical antifungals.
- Necrotizing external otitis is a potentially lethal Pseudomonas infection seen in diabetics and immunocompromised patients.
Ectoparasites infestation
The document discusses different types of ectoparasite infestations including tungiasis (jiggers), fleas, lice, and their prevention and treatment. It provides details on the clinical features and life cycles of each parasite. For all infestations, prevention focuses on hygiene, environmental controls like cleaning living areas, and application of insecticides. Treatment involves carefully removing parasites from the skin followed by cleaning and medicating the affected area.
Toxic shock syndrome
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a life-threatening condition caused by toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. It is characterized by high fever, rash, low blood pressure, and damage to multiple organ systems. While historically linked to tampon use, most cases today are unrelated to menstruation and associated with various skin and soft tissue infections. Treatment involves aggressive fluid resuscitation, antibiotics, controlling the infection source, and supportive care of affected organ systems.
More Related Content
Viewers also liked
Epidemiology animal disease
pandemic, epidemic, outbreak, transmission of disease, how disease is transmitted, disease transmission, animal disease transmission, survelliance, survelliance of animal disease, typing methods, intervention in animal disease
About Tolemerase
Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes that protect cellular DNA from degradation. Telomere shortening is linked to cellular aging and is thought to be a root cause of age-related diseases. Telomerase is an enzyme that adds telomere repeats to chromosome ends and counteracts telomere shortening during cell division. Studies have shown that activating telomerase can prolong cellular lifespan, rejuvenate cells, and delay age-related changes in animals. Preliminary studies in humans using TA-65, a molecule that activates telomerase, have shown benefits such as reduced levels of senescent immune cells and lengthened short telomeres without safety issues.
7 wounds and bleeding
This document provides guidance on first aid treatments for various types of wounds and bleeding in children. It discusses abrasions, lacerations, incisions, punctures, dog bites, and human bites. It describes how to treat external bleeding by applying direct pressure and elevating the injured area. Major external bleeding, embedded object wounds, nosebleeds, bleeding from the mouth, knocked out teeth, crush injuries, internal bleeding, palm wounds, amputations, and chest wounds are each summarized with the aims of treatment and steps to take. Throughout, it emphasizes controlling blood loss, preventing infection, treating for shock, and seeking immediate medical help for serious injuries.
Snake bites and insect stings
This document provides information about snake bites, scorpion stings, and bee stings. It describes the symptoms of each, including pain, swelling, nausea, and fainting for snake bites. It recommends lying still, washing the wound, applying a bandage, and seeking medical help for snake bites. Scorpion stings can cause muscle twitching, numbness, and breathing issues. The document recommends applying a bandage, cold compression, and pain medication for scorpion stings. Bee stings cause a sharp pain and redness at the sting site, and removing the stinger with tweezers followed by a cold compress is recommended treatment.
Bite Wound Lecture
Management of Human and Animal Bite Wounds provides an overview of bite wound infections. Over 1 million animal bites occur annually in the US, with dog bites accounting for 80-90% and resulting in over a dozen deaths each year. Bite wounds can become infected by bacteria from the biting animal's mouth and skin flora. Common complications are lymphangitis, septic arthritis, and osteomyelitis. Proper management includes thorough wound cleansing, debridement if needed, antibiotics, and tetanus prophylaxis. Cultures may be taken to guide antibiotic selection.
Basics of First aid for children in Middle School
The document provides first aid information for various common injuries and medical emergencies. It details how to treat minor wounds like cuts, scrapes, and bruises by cleaning and dressing them. It also gives guidance for more serious issues like fractures, burns, bites, puncture wounds, nosebleeds, choking, electric shock, and head injuries. The document emphasizes the importance of proper wound care, immobilizing fractures, knowing when to seek immediate medical attention, and performing CPR or the Heimlich maneuver when needed.
Bites And Stings
Bites and stings from various creatures can cause medical issues ranging from minor to severe, depending on factors like the type of creature and amount of venom injected. Different creatures' venoms spread through the body in different ways, and signs and symptoms as well as recommended first aid procedures vary. However, in general prevention is key and the primary goals of first aid are to restrict further venom spread, reduce pain, and seek urgent medical help if needed.
Cutting and Stabbing Wounds - Criminal Documentation
This document provides an overview of cutting and stabbing wounds for forensic investigators. It defines four categories of cutting wounds: abrasions, lacerations, incised wounds, and puncture wounds. Abrasions are friction injuries that remove skin or tissue. Lacerations involve tearing of tissue and have ragged edges. Incised wounds are made by sharp objects and have clean, defined edges. Stabbing wounds are puncture wounds where the depth is greater than the length. The document outlines how to identify, document, and analyze different wound types to determine the cause and manner of injury based on wound appearance and characteristics.
Presentation emergency medicine
This document provides information on snake bites, including epidemiology, causes, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, management, and prevention. It notes that snake bites affect millions globally each year, causing tens of thousands of deaths annually in India alone. The document discusses the venom and toxins of snakes, as well as the local and systemic effects of envenomation. It provides guidance on first aid, clinical assessment, investigations, antivenom treatment, and supportive care for snake bite victims.
Viewers also liked (9)
Cutting and Stabbing Wounds - Criminal Documentation
Cutting and Stabbing Wounds - Criminal Documentation
Similar to Infectious complications of bites
Pathogens.ppt
This document discusses different types of pathogens that can cause disease in animals. It defines pathogens as microbes or agents that cause disease. The main types of pathogens discussed are bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and prions. For each type, examples are provided of diseases they cause along with associated symptoms. Common bacterial, viral, fungal and protozoal diseases affecting multiple body systems in animals are outlined. The document provides an overview of pathogens and infectious diseases in a veterinary context.
Presentation on Tetanus Disease
Tetanus an neurological disease characterized by an acute onset of hypertonia, painful muscular contractions (usually of the muscles of the jaw and neck), and generalized muscle spasms without other apparent medical causes.
Zoonosis
This chapter discusses prevention and control of zoonotic diseases. It describes four common zoonotic diseases in detail: anthrax, brucellosis, toxoplasmosis, and rabies. These diseases are usually transmitted from animals to humans through direct contact, ingestion, inhalation or bites. The chapter outlines symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment for each disease. It emphasizes the importance of public education, vaccination, proper food handling, and sanitation to prevent and control the spread of zoonotic diseases from animals to humans.
Ricketssia
Rickettsia are obligate intracellular bacteria that are transmitted to humans through arthropod bites such as ticks, lice, fleas, and mites. They infect endothelial cells and cause vasculitis. There are three main groups - epidemic typhus group, scrub typhus group, and spotted fever group. Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii and transmitted by ticks. It presents with acute fever, rash, and potentially life-threatening complications if not treated promptly with doxycycline or chloramphenicol. Laboratory diagnosis involves serologic tests to detect antibodies. Prevention involves avoiding tick and insect bites.
Untitled presentation ON TICKS.pptx
This document provides information about ticks and tick-borne diseases. It discusses that ticks are arachnids that feed on warm-blooded hosts by biting them and can transmit bacteria, viruses, and protozoans that cause diseases. Some of the diseases discussed include Lyme disease, anaplasmosis, babesiosis, Powassan fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and Q fever. It also provides details on the classification, life cycle, and symptoms of these diseases. Prevention methods mentioned include minimizing exposure to ticks through proper clothing, tick checks, yard maintenance, and chemical or pesticide control.
PPT.pptx
This document provides an overview of preventive health care management for dairy cows. It discusses the importance of shifting from treatment of illness to disease prevention through health management. Key aspects of health, disease, and signs of health and illness in dairy cows are defined. Common diseases in dairy cows are classified into bacterial, viral, protozoal, helminthic, and metabolic diseases. Several specific diseases that affect dairy cows are described in detail, including their symptoms and methods of control through vaccination, sanitation, isolation of sick animals, and other preventive measures.
Otitis externa
Otitis externa refers to infections of the external ear canal. It can be acute or chronic. Acute otitis externa is commonly known as swimmer's ear and is caused by bacterial or fungal infections due to water exposure. Chronic otitis externa is defined as lasting over 4 weeks and is often due to bacterial, fungal, or dermatological causes. Necrotizing external otitis is a potentially lethal infection seen in immunocompromised patients like diabetics. Treatment involves topical or oral antibiotics, cleaning of the ear canal, and surgery in severe cases. Proper diagnosis depends on history, exam, and sometimes imaging or labs.
Otitis externa
This document discusses various conditions affecting the external ear canal, including:
- Otitis externa (swimmer's ear), which can range from mild to severe bacterial infections. Pseudomonas and Staph are common causes. Treatment involves cleaning, topical antibiotics, and pain control.
- Otomycosis is a fungal infection of the ear canal most often caused by Aspergillus or Candida. Symptoms are similar to bacterial otitis but with more pruritus. Treatment involves thorough cleaning and topical antifungals.
- Necrotizing external otitis is a potentially lethal Pseudomonas infection seen in diabetics and immunocompromised patients.
Ectoparasites infestation
The document discusses different types of ectoparasite infestations including tungiasis (jiggers), fleas, lice, and their prevention and treatment. It provides details on the clinical features and life cycles of each parasite. For all infestations, prevention focuses on hygiene, environmental controls like cleaning living areas, and application of insecticides. Treatment involves carefully removing parasites from the skin followed by cleaning and medicating the affected area.
Toxic shock syndrome
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a life-threatening condition caused by toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. It is characterized by high fever, rash, low blood pressure, and damage to multiple organ systems. While historically linked to tampon use, most cases today are unrelated to menstruation and associated with various skin and soft tissue infections. Treatment involves aggressive fluid resuscitation, antibiotics, controlling the infection source, and supportive care of affected organ systems.
Skin disorders
This document summarizes several common bacterial and fungal skin infections. It describes the etiology, signs and symptoms, and management of conditions like impetigo, folliculitis, furuncles, carbuncles, hidradenitis suppurativa, acne, cellulitis, erysipelas, lymphadenitis, and gas gangrene. It also covers fungal infections caused by dermatophytes, including tinea capitis, corporis, unguium, and cruris. Effective treatment involves identifying the causative organism and using appropriate topical or systemic antifungal/antibacterial medications along with wound cleaning and drainage when necessary.
Inflammatory conditions of skin
This document summarizes several common bacterial skin infections and disorders:
- Impetigo is caused by streptococci or Staphylococcus aureus and presents as vesicles and pustules that rupture and crust. It is treated with topical antibiotics or cleansing.
- Boils (furuncles) are infections of hair follicles by staphylococci that appear as reddened, painful nodules. Warm compresses and antibiotics may be used.
- Carbuncles involve clusters of hair follicles and form deep abscesses, treated with drainage and antibiotics.
- Folliculitis is hair follicle inflammation from bacteria, causing papules or pustules around follicles.
disease of external ear.pptx
The document discusses diseases of the external ear. It begins with anatomy and physiology of the external ear. It then discusses classifications of external ear diseases including congenital, inflammatory/infectious, reactive, trauma, and tumors. Specific conditions are then discussed in more detail such as preauricular sinus, otitis externa, furunculosis, malignant otitis externa, perichondritis, relapsing polychondritis, herpes zoster oticus, bullous myringitis, granular myringitis, eczema, and auricular hematoma. For each condition, symptoms, signs, causative organisms, diagnosis, and treatment approaches are outlined.
Dengue vs ppt (1)
This document provides information about dengue fever, including:
- It is caused by the dengue virus and transmitted through mosquito bites. There are four types of the virus.
- Symptoms include high fever, severe headache, joint and muscle pain. It can develop into a potentially lethal condition called severe dengue.
- Prevention efforts should focus on eliminating mosquito breeding sites and using protective measures like repellents, nets and proper clothing. Community involvement is important to control the spread of the disease.
- There is currently no licensed vaccine or specific treatment, so care is supportive and focuses on rest, fever relief and fluid intake.
Michael Kulczycki, DO- Infectious Disease Board Review 2014- ARMC Emergency M...
This document summarizes key information from a board review on various infectious diseases. It covers endocarditis, meningococcemia, pertussis, pneumococcemia, tetanus, tuberculosis, the plague, herpesviridae, and HIV. For each topic, it provides details on pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria or tests, and treatment recommendations. The review is intended to highlight the most essential facts about these important infectious diseases.
zoonotic infection.pptx for students education
This document discusses zoonoses, which are diseases that can be transmitted between animals and humans. It provides examples of bacterial, viral, rickettsial, helminthic, and fungal zoonoses. Factors that influence zoonotic transmission include agricultural operations, handling of animal byproducts, increased animal population densities, and changing environmental conditions. Diseases are transmitted through various routes like feces, aerosols, bites, direct contact, insects, and infected objects. Examples of important zoonotic diseases described include rabies, brucellosis, plague, leptospirosis, Lyme disease, arboviral diseases, toxoplasmosis, anthrax, and tetanus
Infectious diseases
This document discusses infectious diseases caused by various pathogens. It provides details on common bacterial infections like streptococcal infections and staphylococcal infections. It also discusses viral infections such as measles, rubella, varicella and herpes zoster. Fungal infections and parasitic infections are also summarized. The document concludes with case scenarios and provides analyses to demonstrate recognition of common infectious diseases.
Similar to Infectious complications of bites (20)
Michael Kulczycki, DO- Infectious Disease Board Review 2014- ARMC Emergency M...
Michael Kulczycki, DO- Infectious Disease Board Review 2014- ARMC Emergency M...
Recently uploaded
The Electrocardiogram - Physiologic Principles
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.com
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Dehradun #ℂall #gIRLS Oyo Hotel 8107221448 #ℂall #gIRL in Dehradun
Dehradun #ℂall #gIRLS Oyo Hotel 8107221448 #ℂall #gIRL in Dehradun
Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Swisschem Dermacare has mentioned the List of The Best Antifungal Soap In India 2022. All of these soaps are trusted by various Dermatology Experts.
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
A Classical Text Review on Basavarajeeyam
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition TEST BANK by Stamler Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Study Guide Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Course Hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Answers Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Course hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Study Guide Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Ebook Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Questions Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Stuvia
Efficacy of Avartana Sneha in Ayurveda
Avartana Sneha is a unique method of Preparation of Sneha Kalpana in Ayurveda, mainly it is indicated for the Vataja rogas.
Recently uploaded (20)
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
Tests for analysis of different pharmaceutical.pptx
Tests for analysis of different pharmaceutical.pptx
Muscles of Mastication by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Muscles of Mastication by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 6_Anti Malarial Drugs.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 6_Anti Malarial Drugs.pdf
Dehradun #ℂall #gIRLS Oyo Hotel 8107221448 #ℂall #gIRL in Dehradun
Dehradun #ℂall #gIRLS Oyo Hotel 8107221448 #ℂall #gIRL in Dehradun
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
Infectious complications of bites
- 2. Infectious Complications of Bite By Arash Nematollahi HARRISON 19th Edition CHAPTER 167e
- 3. Contents • Dog Bites • Cat Bites • Other Animals • Human Bites • Treatment
- 4. Introduction Skin’s Nonspecific Immunity An Immunocompromise Inoculation 300 bites per 100’000 population Few may be life threatening Mostly the Oropharyngeal flora
- 5. Dog Bites 80% of All Animal Bites 15 to 20% become Infected More Prevalent in Children 8 to 24 Hour After
- 6. Pain & Cellulitis by purulent and sometimes foul-smelling discharge
- 7. Septic Arthritis & Osteomyelitis Systemic Manifestations: • Fever • Lymphadenopahty • Lymphangitis
- 8. Systemic Infections like Bactremeia, meningitis, Brain Abscess Or Endocarditis & Chorioamnionitis Edema or reduced Lymphatic Drainage Immunocompromised
- 9. Capnocytophaga canimorsus Fulminant Sepsis, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation & Renal Failure Diagnonsis: Peripheral Blood Culture in Liquid Media Thin gram-negative rod
- 10. Cat Bites Bites & Scratches 50% Infectious Teeth Penetrate Deeply Over or Near a Joint Pasteurella multocida
- 11. Pasteurealla Infections Advance Rapidly Within hours Severe Inflammation Purulent Discharge Repiratory Droplets
- 12. Bartonella henselae Cat-scratch Disease swollen lymph nodes, fever headache, fatigue, and loss of appetite Rabies Tularemia Tetanus
- 14. Other Animal Bites Occupational : • Farmers, Laboratory Workers, Veterinarians Recreational : • Hunters, Trappers, Wilderness Campers &… Oral Flora of the Biting Animal
- 15. Aquatic Animals Alligators Aeromonas hydrophila Venomous SnakeBites Severe inflammatory response Tissue Necrosis Prone to Infection Many aerobes & Anaerobes As Pseudomonas
- 17. Small Rodents Rats, Mice & Gerbils Streptobacillus moniliformis Microaerophil, gram-negative rod Common in United States 3-10 days Incubation period Severe migratory arthralgias, Fever, Chills, Myalgias & Headache Maculopapular Rash Complications Spirillum minor Spirochete more Common in Asia Both cause Rat-bite Fever Initial Infection has healed Pain & Purple Swelling 1-4 Weeks Incubation period Fever, Chills, Headache
- 19. Human Bites Self-inflicted, Medical Personnel, Fights, Domestic Abuse or Sexual Activity More frequently become Infected Diverse Microflora of humans Multiple Aerobic & Anaerobic E. Corrodens Clenched-fist Injury Many Produce beta-lactamase
- 20. Occlusional vs Clenched-fist • Fight Bites result in Serious Infection • Deep spaces including Bone, tendons, joints frequently inoculated • Tendons Retraction • Medical attention sought late
- 21. TREATMENT Wound Closure is Controversial Irrigation Removing Foregin body Debride dead tissue Approximate wound edges Puncture Wounds Must not Be Sutured Suture Facial wounds
- 22. Antibiotic Therapy • Dog and Cat Bites: • S. aureus, Pasteurella species, c. canimorsus, streptococci, and Oral anaerobes • Human Bites: • S. aureus, H. influenzae, beta-lactamase positive oral anaerobes • Most reliable coverage: • An extended-spectrum penicillin with a beta-lactamase Inhibitor • Second Generation Cephalosporins as Cefuroxime • Hypersensitivity: Clindamycin plus TMP-SMX or a fluoroquinolone • For a period of generally 10-14 days
- 24. The End