SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 11
Crescent Steel and Allied Products Ltd
Industrial Marketing
Muhammad Abbas
Wajiha Zamir
Introduction
3
• Crescent Steel and Allied Products Limited (CSAPL) is a Public Limited Company
listed on all the Stock Exchanges of Pakistan.
• It started commercial production in March 1987. The manufacturing facilities
• Consist of a Spiral Pipe Production line and an internal/external Coating line, both
located side by side at The Sindh Industrial Trading Estate, Nooriabad in Jamshoro,
Sindh.
Major Challenges
 There are three major challenges that our local manufacturers are facing:
 The construction of CPEC has increased Chinese intervention. Due to low production and huge supply demand gap,
Pakistan imports steel from china at cheaper price. There is a possibility that these Chinese firms prefer to get steel
from their country rather than considering local market of Pakistan. That clearly shows that Chinese steel
manufacturers would be the competitors that may affect current local market.
 Most of the manufacturing plants In Pakistan are small-sized and therefore lack benefits from the economies of scale.
 Liquidity crises of PSMCL (Pakistan Steel Mills Corporation Limited)
4
Competitive Analysis
5
• Data Steel
– APIQR 9001
• Agha Steels
– Earth quack resistance rebar
• Crescent Steel
– API Q5
– API 5L grade X70 X80
B 2 B Marketing of Steel Industry
 Steel pipes heavily relies on business to business marketing especially personal
selling.
 It is a pure industrial product and requires specifications need to be used as point of
differentiation.
 There is much better way to sell or promote your product except personal selling:
– CSR
– Print Media
6
Print Media
7
Strategy against Rival:
Strategy against Rival
– In manufacturing of type of product that is pure industrial and involves dealing with big client such as SSGS and SNGPL, it
is very hard to select competitive strategies. What we can do is to go for a pricing strategy. Prices can be set according to
rivals but much innovation cannot be brought within the product that is because the product is made according to the API
and ISO certificates.
• Heading towards the betterment:
– SSGC AND SNGPL are the main clients of CSAPL and both of them are working for the solutions of energy crises and on
the bases of current scenario it is forecasted that CSAPL would have a great opportunity to work on.
8
B2B marketing tools techniques and methodologies
– The marketing tool that is used by CSAPL is website that is user friendly, commercial but the
trend of website is decreasing day by day. We can place quires through website. The lead time
between the website and inquiry attendant is too less and prompt responses are also given
within 2 hours. Furthermore CSAPL believes in building relationships with client and that is very
important. Follow ups and engagement of client with responsible person is another aspect.
• Developments:
– The next 5 years are very crucial the movement of next 5 years that can be done is that CSAPL
can target the water sector, Piling, K4 project, Gawadar to Nawabshah project and Karachi to
Lahore project.
9
Recommendations:
 Target market:
 Since CSAPL has a unique product so it is recommended that CSAPL should start now to target new sectors such as water sector, sewerage
sector and construction sector as well.
 Client engagement:
 Online tracking system should be introduced on website this will provide a facility to client for keeping the track of their product.
 Internal branding:
 Internal branding of the company should be done that will keep the employees motivated and it gives the good impression to the guests as
well.
 Manual work:
 It is highly recommended to reduce the paper work and shift to online workings by transferring the data on one drive or on network shared
drive which will reduce manual working and that will save time as well.
10
11
 

More Related Content

Similar to Crescent Steel's Industrial Marketing Strategy

Topic 3 Driving Operational Innovation
Topic 3   Driving Operational InnovationTopic 3   Driving Operational Innovation
Topic 3 Driving Operational InnovationZaheer Travadi
 
Business Analysis and Development of Aluminium Extrusions manufacturing company
Business Analysis and Development of Aluminium Extrusions manufacturing companyBusiness Analysis and Development of Aluminium Extrusions manufacturing company
Business Analysis and Development of Aluminium Extrusions manufacturing companyIshan Rohit
 
Csc caststudy ry-20210516
Csc caststudy ry-20210516Csc caststudy ry-20210516
Csc caststudy ry-20210516Ralph Yin
 
factory visit operation research bbs cable
factory visit operation research bbs cablefactory visit operation research bbs cable
factory visit operation research bbs cableabdulla all rakib
 
Corneliu ioan gligor - cv - rev 2
Corneliu ioan gligor - cv - rev 2Corneliu ioan gligor - cv - rev 2
Corneliu ioan gligor - cv - rev 2Cornell J. Gligor
 
Mba om 03_operation_strategyandcompetitiveness
Mba om 03_operation_strategyandcompetitivenessMba om 03_operation_strategyandcompetitiveness
Mba om 03_operation_strategyandcompetitivenessNiranjana K.R.
 
IUBAT Practicum Report BSME Main Part
IUBAT Practicum Report BSME Main PartIUBAT Practicum Report BSME Main Part
IUBAT Practicum Report BSME Main PartMd.Mehedi Hasan
 
SSCG Business Efficiency - Achieving Superior Performance, Bottom Line and Cu...
SSCG Business Efficiency - Achieving Superior Performance, Bottom Line and Cu...SSCG Business Efficiency - Achieving Superior Performance, Bottom Line and Cu...
SSCG Business Efficiency - Achieving Superior Performance, Bottom Line and Cu...SSCG Consulting
 
“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”
“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”
“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”Dipesh Vora
 
“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”
“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”
“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”akshay isai
 
final copy of internship report copy.docx
final copy of internship report copy.docxfinal copy of internship report copy.docx
final copy of internship report copy.docxSHABEENA16
 
Vp sales business plan ver1.1
Vp sales business plan ver1.1Vp sales business plan ver1.1
Vp sales business plan ver1.1Umesh Jamwal
 
Esaplling corp deck
Esaplling corp deckEsaplling corp deck
Esaplling corp deckImpetech
 

Similar to Crescent Steel's Industrial Marketing Strategy (20)

Manufacturing Strategy Proposal
Manufacturing Strategy ProposalManufacturing Strategy Proposal
Manufacturing Strategy Proposal
 
Manufacturing Strategy Proposal
Manufacturing Strategy ProposalManufacturing Strategy Proposal
Manufacturing Strategy Proposal
 
Topic 3 Driving Operational Innovation
Topic 3   Driving Operational InnovationTopic 3   Driving Operational Innovation
Topic 3 Driving Operational Innovation
 
Business Analysis and Development of Aluminium Extrusions manufacturing company
Business Analysis and Development of Aluminium Extrusions manufacturing companyBusiness Analysis and Development of Aluminium Extrusions manufacturing company
Business Analysis and Development of Aluminium Extrusions manufacturing company
 
Csc caststudy ry-20210516
Csc caststudy ry-20210516Csc caststudy ry-20210516
Csc caststudy ry-20210516
 
factory visit operation research bbs cable
factory visit operation research bbs cablefactory visit operation research bbs cable
factory visit operation research bbs cable
 
Corneliu ioan gligor - cv - rev 2
Corneliu ioan gligor - cv - rev 2Corneliu ioan gligor - cv - rev 2
Corneliu ioan gligor - cv - rev 2
 
Mba om 03_operation_strategyandcompetitiveness
Mba om 03_operation_strategyandcompetitivenessMba om 03_operation_strategyandcompetitiveness
Mba om 03_operation_strategyandcompetitiveness
 
C V
C VC V
C V
 
IUBAT Practicum Report BSME Main Part
IUBAT Practicum Report BSME Main PartIUBAT Practicum Report BSME Main Part
IUBAT Practicum Report BSME Main Part
 
Petro-SIM presentation
Petro-SIM presentationPetro-SIM presentation
Petro-SIM presentation
 
Six Sigma Cases
Six Sigma CasesSix Sigma Cases
Six Sigma Cases
 
SSCG Business Efficiency - Achieving Superior Performance, Bottom Line and Cu...
SSCG Business Efficiency - Achieving Superior Performance, Bottom Line and Cu...SSCG Business Efficiency - Achieving Superior Performance, Bottom Line and Cu...
SSCG Business Efficiency - Achieving Superior Performance, Bottom Line and Cu...
 
“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”
“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”
“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”
 
“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”
“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”
“World class manufacturing and its implementation in india”
 
Rana sachindra cv
Rana sachindra cvRana sachindra cv
Rana sachindra cv
 
final copy of internship report copy.docx
final copy of internship report copy.docxfinal copy of internship report copy.docx
final copy of internship report copy.docx
 
Vp sales business plan ver1.1
Vp sales business plan ver1.1Vp sales business plan ver1.1
Vp sales business plan ver1.1
 
PW Final Jun7 2012
PW Final Jun7 2012PW Final Jun7 2012
PW Final Jun7 2012
 
Esaplling corp deck
Esaplling corp deckEsaplling corp deck
Esaplling corp deck
 

More from Muhammad Abbas

strategic Management of South West Airlines
strategic Management of South West Airlinesstrategic Management of South West Airlines
strategic Management of South West AirlinesMuhammad Abbas
 
Facebook insights- A form of free advertising
Facebook insights- A form of free advertisingFacebook insights- A form of free advertising
Facebook insights- A form of free advertisingMuhammad Abbas
 
Advertising- Kurleez Brand Audit
Advertising- Kurleez Brand AuditAdvertising- Kurleez Brand Audit
Advertising- Kurleez Brand AuditMuhammad Abbas
 
Afghanish international business Assignment
Afghanish international business AssignmentAfghanish international business Assignment
Afghanish international business AssignmentMuhammad Abbas
 
10 causes of project failure.
10 causes of project failure.10 causes of project failure.
10 causes of project failure.Muhammad Abbas
 
shakarganj (Any time beverages)
shakarganj (Any time beverages)shakarganj (Any time beverages)
shakarganj (Any time beverages)Muhammad Abbas
 
Factors affecting selection of Islamic banks over conventional banks
Factors affecting selection of Islamic banks over conventional banksFactors affecting selection of Islamic banks over conventional banks
Factors affecting selection of Islamic banks over conventional banksMuhammad Abbas
 

More from Muhammad Abbas (12)

strategic Management of South West Airlines
strategic Management of South West Airlinesstrategic Management of South West Airlines
strategic Management of South West Airlines
 
Facebook insights- A form of free advertising
Facebook insights- A form of free advertisingFacebook insights- A form of free advertising
Facebook insights- A form of free advertising
 
Advertising- Kurleez Brand Audit
Advertising- Kurleez Brand AuditAdvertising- Kurleez Brand Audit
Advertising- Kurleez Brand Audit
 
Afghanish international business Assignment
Afghanish international business AssignmentAfghanish international business Assignment
Afghanish international business Assignment
 
10 causes of project failure.
10 causes of project failure.10 causes of project failure.
10 causes of project failure.
 
shakarganj (Any time beverages)
shakarganj (Any time beverages)shakarganj (Any time beverages)
shakarganj (Any time beverages)
 
Factors affecting selection of Islamic banks over conventional banks
Factors affecting selection of Islamic banks over conventional banksFactors affecting selection of Islamic banks over conventional banks
Factors affecting selection of Islamic banks over conventional banks
 
ChangHong Ruba
ChangHong RubaChangHong Ruba
ChangHong Ruba
 
Fmea
FmeaFmea
Fmea
 
Crm
CrmCrm
Crm
 
Curiosity
CuriosityCuriosity
Curiosity
 
Csr at retail
Csr at retailCsr at retail
Csr at retail
 

Recently uploaded

microwave assisted reaction. General introduction
microwave assisted reaction. General introductionmicrowave assisted reaction. General introduction
microwave assisted reaction. General introductionMaksud Ahmed
 
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptx
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptxHow to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptx
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptxmanuelaromero2013
 
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdf
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdfSanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdf
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdfsanyamsingh5019
 
MENTAL STATUS EXAMINATION format.docx
MENTAL     STATUS EXAMINATION format.docxMENTAL     STATUS EXAMINATION format.docx
MENTAL STATUS EXAMINATION format.docxPoojaSen20
 
_Math 4-Q4 Week 5.pptx Steps in Collecting Data
_Math 4-Q4 Week 5.pptx Steps in Collecting Data_Math 4-Q4 Week 5.pptx Steps in Collecting Data
_Math 4-Q4 Week 5.pptx Steps in Collecting DataJhengPantaleon
 
mini mental status format.docx
mini    mental       status     format.docxmini    mental       status     format.docx
mini mental status format.docxPoojaSen20
 
Contemporary philippine arts from the regions_PPT_Module_12 [Autosaved] (1).pptx
Contemporary philippine arts from the regions_PPT_Module_12 [Autosaved] (1).pptxContemporary philippine arts from the regions_PPT_Module_12 [Autosaved] (1).pptx
Contemporary philippine arts from the regions_PPT_Module_12 [Autosaved] (1).pptxRoyAbrique
 
Class 11 Legal Studies Ch-1 Concept of State .pdf
Class 11 Legal Studies Ch-1 Concept of State .pdfClass 11 Legal Studies Ch-1 Concept of State .pdf
Class 11 Legal Studies Ch-1 Concept of State .pdfakmcokerachita
 
Concept of Vouching. B.Com(Hons) /B.Compdf
Concept of Vouching. B.Com(Hons) /B.CompdfConcept of Vouching. B.Com(Hons) /B.Compdf
Concept of Vouching. B.Com(Hons) /B.CompdfUmakantAnnand
 
“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...
“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...
“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...Marc Dusseiller Dusjagr
 
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptxThe basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptxheathfieldcps1
 
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy ReformA Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy ReformChameera Dedduwage
 
18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdf
18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdf18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdf
18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdfssuser54595a
 
Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...
Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...
Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...EduSkills OECD
 
SOCIAL AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT - LFTVD.pptx
SOCIAL AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT - LFTVD.pptxSOCIAL AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT - LFTVD.pptx
SOCIAL AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT - LFTVD.pptxiammrhaywood
 
Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)
Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)
Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)eniolaolutunde
 
Separation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and Actinides
Separation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and ActinidesSeparation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and Actinides
Separation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and ActinidesFatimaKhan178732
 
Mastering the Unannounced Regulatory Inspection
Mastering the Unannounced Regulatory InspectionMastering the Unannounced Regulatory Inspection
Mastering the Unannounced Regulatory InspectionSafetyChain Software
 

Recently uploaded (20)

microwave assisted reaction. General introduction
microwave assisted reaction. General introductionmicrowave assisted reaction. General introduction
microwave assisted reaction. General introduction
 
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptx
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptxHow to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptx
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptx
 
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdf
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdfSanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdf
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdf
 
MENTAL STATUS EXAMINATION format.docx
MENTAL     STATUS EXAMINATION format.docxMENTAL     STATUS EXAMINATION format.docx
MENTAL STATUS EXAMINATION format.docx
 
_Math 4-Q4 Week 5.pptx Steps in Collecting Data
_Math 4-Q4 Week 5.pptx Steps in Collecting Data_Math 4-Q4 Week 5.pptx Steps in Collecting Data
_Math 4-Q4 Week 5.pptx Steps in Collecting Data
 
mini mental status format.docx
mini    mental       status     format.docxmini    mental       status     format.docx
mini mental status format.docx
 
Contemporary philippine arts from the regions_PPT_Module_12 [Autosaved] (1).pptx
Contemporary philippine arts from the regions_PPT_Module_12 [Autosaved] (1).pptxContemporary philippine arts from the regions_PPT_Module_12 [Autosaved] (1).pptx
Contemporary philippine arts from the regions_PPT_Module_12 [Autosaved] (1).pptx
 
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdfTataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
TataKelola dan KamSiber Kecerdasan Buatan v022.pdf
 
Class 11 Legal Studies Ch-1 Concept of State .pdf
Class 11 Legal Studies Ch-1 Concept of State .pdfClass 11 Legal Studies Ch-1 Concept of State .pdf
Class 11 Legal Studies Ch-1 Concept of State .pdf
 
Concept of Vouching. B.Com(Hons) /B.Compdf
Concept of Vouching. B.Com(Hons) /B.CompdfConcept of Vouching. B.Com(Hons) /B.Compdf
Concept of Vouching. B.Com(Hons) /B.Compdf
 
Código Creativo y Arte de Software | Unidad 1
Código Creativo y Arte de Software | Unidad 1Código Creativo y Arte de Software | Unidad 1
Código Creativo y Arte de Software | Unidad 1
 
“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...
“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...
“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...
 
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptxThe basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
 
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy ReformA Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
 
18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdf
18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdf18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdf
18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdf
 
Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...
Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...
Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...
 
SOCIAL AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT - LFTVD.pptx
SOCIAL AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT - LFTVD.pptxSOCIAL AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT - LFTVD.pptx
SOCIAL AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT - LFTVD.pptx
 
Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)
Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)
Software Engineering Methodologies (overview)
 
Separation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and Actinides
Separation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and ActinidesSeparation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and Actinides
Separation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and Actinides
 
Mastering the Unannounced Regulatory Inspection
Mastering the Unannounced Regulatory InspectionMastering the Unannounced Regulatory Inspection
Mastering the Unannounced Regulatory Inspection
 

Crescent Steel's Industrial Marketing Strategy

  • 1.
  • 2. Crescent Steel and Allied Products Ltd Industrial Marketing Muhammad Abbas Wajiha Zamir
  • 3. Introduction 3 • Crescent Steel and Allied Products Limited (CSAPL) is a Public Limited Company listed on all the Stock Exchanges of Pakistan. • It started commercial production in March 1987. The manufacturing facilities • Consist of a Spiral Pipe Production line and an internal/external Coating line, both located side by side at The Sindh Industrial Trading Estate, Nooriabad in Jamshoro, Sindh.
  • 4. Major Challenges  There are three major challenges that our local manufacturers are facing:  The construction of CPEC has increased Chinese intervention. Due to low production and huge supply demand gap, Pakistan imports steel from china at cheaper price. There is a possibility that these Chinese firms prefer to get steel from their country rather than considering local market of Pakistan. That clearly shows that Chinese steel manufacturers would be the competitors that may affect current local market.  Most of the manufacturing plants In Pakistan are small-sized and therefore lack benefits from the economies of scale.  Liquidity crises of PSMCL (Pakistan Steel Mills Corporation Limited) 4
  • 5. Competitive Analysis 5 • Data Steel – APIQR 9001 • Agha Steels – Earth quack resistance rebar • Crescent Steel – API Q5 – API 5L grade X70 X80
  • 6. B 2 B Marketing of Steel Industry  Steel pipes heavily relies on business to business marketing especially personal selling.  It is a pure industrial product and requires specifications need to be used as point of differentiation.  There is much better way to sell or promote your product except personal selling: – CSR – Print Media 6
  • 8. Strategy against Rival – In manufacturing of type of product that is pure industrial and involves dealing with big client such as SSGS and SNGPL, it is very hard to select competitive strategies. What we can do is to go for a pricing strategy. Prices can be set according to rivals but much innovation cannot be brought within the product that is because the product is made according to the API and ISO certificates. • Heading towards the betterment: – SSGC AND SNGPL are the main clients of CSAPL and both of them are working for the solutions of energy crises and on the bases of current scenario it is forecasted that CSAPL would have a great opportunity to work on. 8
  • 9. B2B marketing tools techniques and methodologies – The marketing tool that is used by CSAPL is website that is user friendly, commercial but the trend of website is decreasing day by day. We can place quires through website. The lead time between the website and inquiry attendant is too less and prompt responses are also given within 2 hours. Furthermore CSAPL believes in building relationships with client and that is very important. Follow ups and engagement of client with responsible person is another aspect. • Developments: – The next 5 years are very crucial the movement of next 5 years that can be done is that CSAPL can target the water sector, Piling, K4 project, Gawadar to Nawabshah project and Karachi to Lahore project. 9
  • 10. Recommendations:  Target market:  Since CSAPL has a unique product so it is recommended that CSAPL should start now to target new sectors such as water sector, sewerage sector and construction sector as well.  Client engagement:  Online tracking system should be introduced on website this will provide a facility to client for keeping the track of their product.  Internal branding:  Internal branding of the company should be done that will keep the employees motivated and it gives the good impression to the guests as well.  Manual work:  It is highly recommended to reduce the paper work and shift to online workings by transferring the data on one drive or on network shared drive which will reduce manual working and that will save time as well. 10