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Indian Folklore
- 3. • Hitopadesha Tales The Hitopadesha is a remarkable compilation of short stories. Composed by Narayana Pandit, Hitopadesha had its origin around a thousand years ago. Beware of Mean Friends Birds & Shivering Monkey Blind Vulture Elephant and Jackal Jackal and Arrow Monkey and Bell Old Tiger & Greedy Traveller Rabbits and the Elephants Sages Daughter Washerman Donkey and Dog
- 4. • Jataka Tales In 300 B.C, the Jataka Tales were written for the mankind to gain knowledge and morality. Ever since, Jataka tales have become story books that are both enjoyable as well as knowledgeable. Cunning Wolf Elephant and Dog Hawks and Their Friends Jackal who saved lion Merchant of Seri Penny Wise Monkey Power of a Rumour Golden Swan Sandy Road Wind and Moon
- 5. • Panchatantra Tales The Panchatantra is a legendary collection of short stories from India. Originally composed in the 2nd century B.C, Panchatantra is believed to be written by Vishnu Sharma along with many other scholars. Ass has no Brains Bird with Two Heads Blue Jackal Brahmin's Gift Crows and the Serpent Foolish lion clever Rabbit Girl Who Married a Snake Gold Giving Serpent Heron and the Crab Lion that Sprang to Life Mongoose and Brahmin’s Wife Monkey and Crocodile Musical Donkey Brahmin’s Dream Sparrow and Elephant Talkative Tortoise Two Headed Weaver Hunter and Doves Little Mice and Big Elephants Mice that ate Iron
- 7. • India is a land of cultural diversities. Every region in India has its own form of folk music. This rich tradition of folk music is very much alive in not just rural India, but also in some metros.
- 11. • India is a land of diverse cultures and traditions. Basically Indian folk and tribal dances are simple and are performed to express joy during arrival of seasons, birth of a child, wedding and festivals. Folk art is the common possession of a group of people or a particular locality. The identity of the originators is forgotten, but the style is preserved down the ages.
Editor's Notes
- The folklore of India comprises the folklore of the nation of India and the Indian subcontinent. Folklore is the body of expressive culture, including tales, music, dance, legends, oral history, proverbs, jokes, popular beliefs, customs, and so forth within a particular population comprising the traditions (including oral traditions) of that culture, subculture, or group. The subcontinent of India contains such a diversity of ethnic, linguistic, and religious groups that it is difficult to generalize widely about its folklore. India has 24 officially-recognized languages, and an estimated 1,200 languages in all, including many that do not have written scripts. Each of these has its own subculture, local customs, and oral traditions. Much of Indian folklore has a religious character. Hinduism, the religion of the majority of the citizens of India, is a heterogeneous faith with diverse local manifestations. Folk religion in Hinduism may explain the rationale behind local religious practices, and contain local myths that explain local religious customs or the location of temples. These sorts of local variation have a greater importance in Hinduism than comparable customs would have in religions such as Christianity or Islam.
- The folklores and folktales have been an eternal part of every culture since ages. When it comes to Indian folk tales, the country of diverse religions, languages and cultures has a complete range of tales and short stories. Indian folklore has a wide range of stories and mythological legends, which emerge from all walks of life. The interesting stories range from the remarkable ‘Panchatantra’ to ‘Hitopadesha’, from ‘Jataka’ to ‘Akbar-Birbal’. Not only this, the great Indian epics like ‘Ramayana’, ‘Mahabharata’ and ‘Bhagvad Gita’ are full of didactic stories inspired from the lives of great souls. Being full of moralistic values, Indian folklore makes perfect stories for children, who are required to be, instilled with right values. All these ancient stories have been passed from generation to generation, creating bondage of traditional values with present-day generation. 1. In Indian Literature, the Hitopadesha is regarded more or less similar to the Panchatantra. In the vein of Panchatantra, the Hitopadesa was also written in Sanskrit and following the pattern of prose and verse. Hitopadesh tales are written in reader-friendly way, which also contributed to the success of this best seller after ‘Bhagwad Gita’ in India. Since its origin, Hitopadesa has been translated into numerous languages to benefit the readers all over the world.
- Originally written in Pali language, Jataka Buddhist tales have been translated in different languages around the world. The luminous fables of ‘Jataka’ are intended to impart values of self-sacrifice, morality, honesty and other informative values to people.
- Though one may say that music has acquired a totally different definition with the arrival of pop culture and new age cinema, there are many who would beg to differ. The realm of traditional folk music in India is very large and it is basically a countryside representation of the urban Indian society. Many people tend to mix up Indian folk music with tribal music. There is a huge difference between thee two genres of music. Read on to know about folk music of India.
- Folk music also uses a number of instruments. The refined versions of these instruments are used for classical music. For instance the "Tabla", which is a very important instrument of classical music, is used in a crude form like daf, dholak or nal. The cruder versions of Sitar or Sarod are used in folk music, which are known as ektara, dotar, saringda, rabab and santur. Not all regions use the same instrument. In fact, the same instrument may not even be called by the same name every where. Most of these instruments are made of easily available material like bamboo, clay pots, empty coconut shells, etc. Most of the folk music in India is dance oriented and many popular forms of dance like Dandiya, Lavani, Garba, etc. are danced along the tunes of popular folk music. They are very enjoyable, as most of them very catchy tunes.
- " Banjara " was recorded live at the folk singer Mooralala Marwada's home in Dholavira, Kutchh, in front of a live audience consisting of his whole neighborhood and of course, the cows and the goats who occasionally tried to match their notes with ours! The words are by the great saint poet Kabir who expressed the deepest Truth in the most simple language and whose poetry is as relevant today as it was in his times! Banjara is Maati Baani's interpretation of the popular folk song penned by Kabir. Book Bhanvari Devi @ +91 9414415287 Originally, the lyrics of this song were written and sung during 15th century by Saint Meera Baai who was an ardent devotee of Lord Krishna. Enriched with Rajasthani folk music and Bhanwari Devi’s soulful voice, this song fumes evergreen fragrance of seasonal as well as devotional music. Meera Bai’s lyrics inspire masses for devotional life. Rajasthani folk signing has been wrapped with Phad narration style which leaves an immortal impression of Rajasthani Culture. Her voice is widely known and accepted all over the globe. Thanks...Nathu Lal Solanki, Nalika Natsuka, Aurore Aurora, Deepak Sharma, Sudhir Sabharwal, Nadeem Khan.
- On most occasions dancers sing themselves, accompanied by artists with instruments. Each form of Folk Dance has a specific costume & rhythm and some costumes are very colourful with extensive jewels and designs. Here is the List of various State and folk dances which help in various examinations like UPSC, State PSC, SSC, Bank Exams etc.