The Indian Cold Start Doctrine is an offensive military strategy aimed at punishing Pakistan by allowing India to mobilize troops along the border within 48 hours and capture limited Pakistani territory before international intervention. It was developed in response to weaknesses in India's previous defensive strategies and seeks to deter Pakistan and prevent it from challenging India's dominant position. Pakistan has responded by developing tactical nuclear weapons to counter Cold Start, conducting military exercises, gaining international support through alliances, and achieving a second-strike nuclear capability.

1. Indian Cold Start Doctrine

2. Introduction
• Doctrine is aggregate of values and actions adopted by states to achieve
national goals
• Doctrine define how military should fight, when to fight and what kind of
strategy is used
• Indian CSD is a Offensive Military Startegy
• Its aim to create an element of surprise and give no response time to Pak
• Indian’s formulated this doctrine and they inspired from Blitzkreig war
strategy
• CSD reduces the chance of resolution of issues between two states

3. Indian Cold Start Doctrine
Factors
• To prevent Pakistan from challenging predominant position of india
• To deter Pakistan
• Its aimed at encircling Pakistan from both easter and western front
• India also aimed to increase presence in Indian Ocean
• To achieve status of Regional Power

4. Development OF CSD
• Indian CSD was preceded by doctrine known as Sunder ji Doctrine
• It was Adopted by India in 1981
• Former Defense Minister George Fernandes said that doctrine based
on Defensive Philosphy
Features
• Based on Use of Conventional weapons
• Prevent Pakistan Becoming Nuclear state
• Strike group organized into seven holding corps stationed along the
Pak-Ind border

5. Continue
• To absorb any proactive action from Pakistan
• Strike group also organized into three categories after absorb action
then strike in Pakistan
• These groups are mobilized within 72-96 hours
• Poor mobilization of strike groups provided opportunity for Pakistan
to carry out counter mobilization
• There were many loopholes in “Sunderji doctrine” exposed in
operation parakram

6. Objectives Of Cold Start Doctrine
• Quick mobilization of military troops within 48 hours
• To capture some limited area inside Pakistan
• Doctrine also aim to keep war within limits
• Doctrine is based on preception to gain objectives before
international community could react and intervene
• Resolution of issues between as per Indian’s wishes
• To punish Pakistan and India aims to teach a lesson to Pakistan

7. Utilization Of Cold Start Doctrine
• Indian Military has constituted eight integrated battle groups
• These IBG’s consist of Infantry, artillery and to be synergized by
Russian based T-90 tanks, T-72Mi
• IBG’s likely to be placed in following postions
1. IBG‘s-1 are to be stationed in Jammu
2. IBG’s-2 are to be stationed in Amritsar
3. IBG’s-3 are to be placed in Chandigarh, to penetrate into Kasur
4. IBG‘s-4 are to placed in Suratgarh to attack into Bhawalpur
5. IBG’s-5 are might be stationed in Bikaner To attack into Rahimyar

8. Continue
6. IBG’s-6 are to stationed near Jalmur for attacking into Sindh
7. IBG’s-7 are to be deployed in Bermer with aim to target Mirpur
8. IBG’s-8 are to be placed in Palanpur for attacking Hyderabad

10. Pakistan’s Policy Response
• Pakistan is responding to Indian CSD through both formal and
informal channels at different level
• President Musharraf declared that Pakistan has adopted the strategy
of defensive deterrence
• Pakistan has adopted Offensive and defensive strategy to counter it

11. Military Response
• Development of Nuclear arms
• To counter this Doctrine Pakistan has introduced new kind of
weapons known as Tactical Nuclear Weapons (TNW)
• Lt. Gen Kidwai had to say that “Tactical Nuclear weapons” have
poured cold water on India CSD
• Military Exercises

12. Political Response
• Pakistan is engaged to gain maximum support of international
community
• To prevent India to get upper hand over Pakistan
• Pakistan signed treaties with different states for mustering support
against India
• There is a famous maxim in international relation that “The enemies
of my enemy are my friends” In this Pakistan has alliances with states
who never favour the rise of India

13. Conclusion
• After independence both states are engaged in the war
• Indian Military CSD cannot be operationalized in near future
• Incase if it does Such a move is threatening for the region
• CSD is based on their own strategic calculations
• It was based on not to cross nuclear threshold but its not possible for
one state to estimate nuclear threshold of others
• Once a war is started it could not be limited
• Indian Leader have refuted the existence of CSD
• To counter CSD Pakistan has achieved second strike capabilty