The document provides descriptions of several classical Indian instruments and instruments used in Gamelan ensembles. Some of the main Indian instruments described are the sitar with 20 strings used melodically, the santoor which is a dulcimer-like instrument with 25-30 string groups, and the bansuri bamboo flute which produces soft tones. Drums include the tabla pair of dayan and bayan which provide basic rhythms. Gamelan instruments highlighted include the bonang which plays notes based on the balungan melody, the saron and gongs which play important melodic and structural notes, and the kendhang hand drums which cue ensemble sections.

1. Indian Classical Instruments

2. SITAR
•20 strings
• Melodic function

3. SANTOOR
•Dulcimer-like sound
•String instrument hit or picked with two wooden sledges
•25 – 30 string groups with 4 strings each
•More than 3 octaves in range
•Used mostly in cheerful Ragas

4. BANSURI – Bamboo Flute
•Soft, protracted tones
•Calming effect
•Associated with Lord Krishna
•7 – 8 grip holes
•A flutist may interchange several flutes of different ranges during the course of a Raga

5. TABLA
•Most important drum in Indian music
•Always in two pairs – dayan, smaller for the right hand; bayan, larger for the left hand
•Basic metric rhythm given on the bayan, variation played on the dayan

6. SARODE
•21 strings total
• Melodic function
•Widest range of all Indian stringed Instruments

7. TANPOORA
•Background instrument
•Plays the drone
•Usually 4 strings

8. Instruments of the Gamelan

9. BONANG
•Bonang Barung: Plays notes based on the balungan on the off-beat
•Bonang Penerus: Plays rhythmic variation of the bonang barung

10. SARON & SARON PENERUS
•Play the balungan (main melody)

11. KEMPUL & GONGS
•Play only the most important notes of the balungan
•Sound at important places to indicate the structure to the other players

12. KETHUK & KENONG
•Kethuk – considered the time-keeper, plays on the off-beats
• Kenong – plays bass notes based on important notes of the balungan

13. KENDHANG
•Hand drums give aural cues on when to begin, end, and change sections
•Kendhang ageng – larger drum
•Kendhang keptipung – smaller drum