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Maintenance management is concerned with planning routine and preventative maintenance to ensure machinery and equipment are in good working condition. The goals are to minimize downtime and repair costs, optimize efficiency, and ensure safety. There are different types of maintenance including breakdown, corrective, predictive, preventative, and periodic maintenance. Preventative maintenance through regular inspection and repairs can prolong equipment life.
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For downloading this contact- bikashkumar.bk100@gmail.com
Prepared by Students of University of Rajshahi
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3) Understanding consumer buying motives allows businesses to develop effective marketing strategies tailored to different motives. This includes product design, pricing, distribution, and promotional policies targeted to the specific motives influencing consumer purchase decisions.
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Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972
Gratuity is a reward provided by employers to employees in the form of money upon termination of employment for past services. The Payment of Gratuity Act of 1972 applies to establishments across India except Jammu and Kashmir with 10 or more employees. Employees are eligible for gratuity after 5 years of continuous service. Employers must determine gratuity amounts and provide notice to employees and authorities within 30 days. Gratuity can be forfeited partially or fully if an employee causes property damage or commits violent or criminal acts.
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foreign trade as an engine of economic growth
Foreign trade acts as an "engine" of economic growth in three key ways: 1) It enlarges a country's market for exports, leading to greater production and utilization of resources; 2) Expanding exports provides more employment opportunities and economies of scale, lowering costs; 3) Access to global markets encourages innovation as businesses compete with international counterparts, improving efficiency and productivity. For example, the opening of the Suez Canal increased India's exports of commercial crops like cotton and tea, fueling economic growth. Export processing zones also create jobs and incomes, stimulating demand and further domestic manufacturing. Overall, specialization, competition and technological adoption spurred by foreign trade can power economic expansion.
Maintenance management
The document discusses various aspects of maintenance management including definitions, objectives, types of maintenance, reliability concepts, modern maintenance methods, and total productive maintenance pillars. It defines maintenance as work to keep equipment in proper working order and prevent failures. The main types of maintenance discussed are breakdown, preventive, and predictive maintenance. Modern maintenance methods include reliability centered maintenance, six sigma maintenance, and total productive maintenance.
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The relationship between the environment and the economy can be depicted by means of the “Material Balance Model” The model was developed by Allen Kneese and R.V Ayres. The model visualizes the total economic process as a physically balanced flow between inputs and outputs.
TPM the effective maintenance (2)
This is a 2 days course on Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) that will guide you through to implement Autonomous Maintenance (AM) on your current Equipment and to plan the execution of your Preventive (PM) & Predictive Maintenance (PdM).TPM defines your Maintenance schedule and Goals. TPM helps you plan and develop the optimal program for your facility, resulting in increased efficiency and cost savings.
Day 2
TPM Implementation after (AM) & Maintenance
Workshop Activities
Review & extract Equipment PM to a ‘Do Dot’ Visual Master Plan & Visual TPM Board.
Attacking 6 big losses of Equipment
(PdM) with Engineering Kaizen to maximize
Equipment Utilization
Quality, Engineering & Maintenance Kaizen
Improvement Action Projects & Action Plans
Demand forecasting
Demand forecasting is used to estimate future demand for a product. There are two main approaches: survey methods that collect consumer information, and statistical methods that analyze past sales data. Survey methods include consumer surveys, expert opinions, and market experiments. Statistical methods include trend projection, analysis of economic indicators, and econometric modeling using regression analysis. Accurately forecasting demand is challenging due to uncertainties, but these techniques provide systematic ways to anticipate customer needs.
Mrp ii
MRP II is a method for effectively planning all resources in a manufacturing company using integrated software systems. It addresses operational and financial planning as well as simulation capabilities. Key elements include the master production schedule, bill of materials, production resources, and integrated auxiliary systems for business planning, engineering, sales analysis, and accounting. MRP II provides benefits like better inventory control, scheduling, and cash flow through integrated planning of materials, capacity, and finances across the organization.
macro economic concepts
The document discusses several key economic indicators of Nepal's economy including:
- GDP real growth rate was estimated at 4.6% in 2010 and GDP per capita was $1,200.
- Agriculture, industry, and services make up the GDP composition by sector at 32.8%, 14.4%, and 52.8% respectively.
- Unemployment and inflation rates were estimated at 46% and 10.4% in 2008 and 2010 respectively.
Public finance nature and Scope
1. Public finance involves the study of government spending, taxation, and deficits. It examines when and how governments should intervene in markets and the potential outcomes of policy changes.
2. Understanding how government actions affect the economy is important for public finance professionals. Government interventions aim to improve economic efficiency, distribute income, and stabilize macroeconomic conditions.
3. The scope of public finance includes analyzing public revenue, expenditure, debt, financial administration, and economic stabilization policies. It also involves allocating public goods, redistributing income, and reducing economic fluctuations through fiscal policy tools.
Static, Dynamic and Comparative Static Economics
Macro Economics
For downloading this contact- bikashkumar.bk100@gmail.com
Prepared by Students of University of Rajshahi
Rabbi
Mehedi
Sadia
Rafia
Tuhin
Theories of Business Cycles
R.G. Hawtrey viewed business cycles as purely monetary phenomena caused by fluctuations in bank credit and money supply. He argued that expansions are caused when banks lower interest rates and expand credit, stimulating borrowing by traders. This leads to increased production, income, spending and demand in a self-reinforcing cycle. Contractions occur when banks tighten credit due to depleted reserves, raising rates and curbing borrowing. This causes falling demand, income, production, prices and profits in a deflationary spiral. Hawtrey saw uncontrolled credit as the root cause of instability, and argued that controlling credit would regulate economic fluctuations.
Public Finance
Public finance deals with government revenue sources like taxes and expenditures on areas like infrastructure, education, and health. It aims to stabilize the economy, promote growth, and provide essential public goods. Government budgets classify spending into areas and sources of revenue like taxes. A budget deficit occurs when spending exceeds taxes, while a surplus exists when taxes are higher than spending. Deficit financing allows governments to fund spending by borrowing or money creation, but too much can crowd out private investment and cause inflation. Fiscal policy uses taxes and spending to influence employment, growth, and prices.
Consumer buying motives saher (indian high school)
1) Buying motives are the inner feelings and desires that prompt consumers to purchase goods or services. Identifying consumer buying motives is important for businesses to understand.
2) There are different types of buying motives, including emotional motives like pride, fashion, and habit, as well as rational motives like utility, price, and quality. Motives can vary between individuals.
3) Understanding consumer buying motives allows businesses to develop effective marketing strategies tailored to different motives. This includes product design, pricing, distribution, and promotional policies targeted to the specific motives influencing consumer purchase decisions.
Inflation and economic growth
This is a short presentation of my research paper "Inflation and economic growth". Purpose of this paper is to research how inflation affects economic growth. We explore multi facets of inflation within the frame of its interference with economic output. To avoid short view and generalization we will explore parameters of inflation and real GDP for four different countries: United States, United Kingdom, Germany and Japan during seven time periods covering economic output from 1914 up to 2016.
Sustainable development 1
This document discusses theories of sustainable development. It defines sustainable development as meeting present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own needs. The main themes are poverty focus, future focus, technology focus, and environmental focus. Sustainable development has economic, social, and environmental aspects. Weak sustainability theory assumes manmade capital can substitute for natural capital if revenues from natural resource depletion are reinvested in manmade capital. However, this theory is limited as it ignores pollution impacts and other environmental factors.
The link between risk management critical controls and auditing
The document discusses risk management, critical controls, and auditing. It shares perspectives on how these elements play an essential role in operational excellence. Specifically:
- Risk management and auditing critical controls help organizations understand their risks and opportunities, processes, compliance status, and focus on continual learning and improvement.
- Many operational losses are preventable but organizations often see repeat issues because they don't adequately learn from history or identify and address risks.
- Successful organizations go beyond compliance to understand their full risk profile, empower employees, and focus on eliminating waste and improving quality, energy efficiency, and safety through robust management systems and frequent auditing.
WCM (World Class Manufacturing)
The document discusses World Class Manufacturing (WCM), providing details on:
1. WCM principles focus on eliminating all types of losses through standards, methods, and employee involvement to achieve zero defects, waste, and downtime.
2. Tofaş, a Turkish automaker, achieved a "Silver Level" WCM rating, making it the first Fiat factory to reach this level based on quality, safety, and manufacturing excellence.
3. Main WCM activities include implementing basics like safety training, developing leaders, improving processes for quality, maintenance, and logistics, and making plant investments to increase efficiency and utilization.
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Consumer buying motives saher (indian high school)
Consumer buying motives saher (indian high school)
The link between risk management critical controls and auditing
The link between risk management critical controls and auditing
Viewers also liked
Cyber Fraud
Fraud takes many forms and costs hundreds of millions annually. Common internet frauds described include Nigerian scams, fake foreign lotteries, work-at-home scams, sweepstakes scams, and spoofing/phishing. To avoid becoming a victim, the document recommends not responding to unsolicited emails, researching offers thoroughly, being wary of requests for personal information, and consulting friends before making financial decisions. Basic security practices and awareness of common schemes can help reduce fraud risks, and victims should report crimes to the appropriate law enforcement.
The payment of gratuity act1972
The document discusses the key provisions of the Payment of Gratuity Act of 1972 in India. It defines gratuity as a lump sum payment by an employer upon termination of employment as retirement compensation for past services. The Act applies to shops, establishments, factories and other organizations employing 10 or more people. It requires 5 years of continuous service for gratuity eligibility and specifies the calculation of gratuity amounts based on wages. The document also outlines nomination procedures, penalties for non-compliance, and the roles of controlling authorities and inspectors in administering the Act.
Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972
Gratuity is a reward provided by employers to employees in the form of money upon termination of employment for past services. The Payment of Gratuity Act of 1972 applies to establishments across India except Jammu and Kashmir with 10 or more employees. Employees are eligible for gratuity after 5 years of continuous service. Employers must determine gratuity amounts and provide notice to employees and authorities within 30 days. Gratuity can be forfeited partially or fully if an employee causes property damage or commits violent or criminal acts.
Payment of gratuity act, 1972
Gratuity is an old age retiral social security
benefit. It is a lump sum payment made by an
employer to an employee in consideration of
his past service when the employment is
terminated. In the case of employment coming
to an end due to retirement or superannuation,
it enables the affected employee to meet the
new situation which quite often means a
reduction in earnings or even total stoppage of
earnings. In the case of death of an employee,
it provides much needed financial assistance
to the surviving members of the family. Gratuity
schemes, therefore, serve as instruments of
social security and their significance in a
developing country like India where the general
income level is low cannot be over emphasised.
Presentation will be useful for industry practitioners, students as well as auditors. It provides a quick and easy reference to all the operational provisions of the act.
The shops and establishments act, 1953
The Shops and Establishments Act, 1953 provides statutory obligations and rights for employees and employers in the unorganized sector of employment, such as shops and establishments. It requires registration of shops/establishments within 30 days of starting work and communication of closures within 15 days. The Act lays down guidelines for work hours, leave, holidays, overtime work, employment of women and children, and maintenance of records. States have their own rules for implementing the Act, which applies to all wage earners except family members.
Shops and establishment
This document contains forms and information regarding registration under the APSE (Andhra Pradesh Shops and Establishment) Act. It includes Form I for initial registration of an establishment, providing details like ownership type, address, nature of business, number of employees. Form III is for renewal of registration, requiring previous registration details and updated employee numbers. It also includes a Form E notice of charge to report any changes to the registration information.
Factors Influencing Employee Remuneration
There are several factors that influence employee remuneration both external and internal to an organization. External factors include the labor market, cost of living, labor unions, government legislation, the economy, and society. Internal factors are an organization's strategy, job evaluation, performance appraisal, and characteristics of employees. Remuneration is determined by balancing these various factors to attract, retain, and motivate skilled labor within legal and social norms.
Equal remuneration act,1976
The Equal Remuneration Act of 1976 aims to provide equal pay for equal work for men and women. It seeks to prevent discrimination against women in employment and provide increased job opportunities. The key features are that it applies across India, restricts discriminatory contracts, applies to all workers regardless of hours, and establishes enforcement authorities. Non-compliance can result in fines, imprisonment, or both. Implementation is done at the central level by the central government and at the state level by state governments. Exceptions are made for special treatment related to pregnancy, retirement, marriage or death.
Equal Remuneration Act 1976
The Equal Remuneration Act of 1976 aims to provide equal pay for equal work between men and women. The act prohibits paying remuneration to women at rates less favorable than men for the same or similar work. It also prohibits discrimination against women in recruitment, promotions, training or transfers. Employers must maintain registers related to employees. Violations of the act are punishable by fines up to Rs. 10,000 and imprisonment. In a 1987 case, the Supreme Court of India ruled that a woman must receive equal pay to men performing work of equal value, even if no men held the same job title.
Shops and establishment act
The Bombay Shops & Establishments Act of 1948 regulates working conditions in shops, commercial establishments, hotels, restaurants, and other places of public entertainment in the state. It aims to protect unorganized labor from exploitation. The Act is administered by the Chief Inspector of Shops and Establishments, assisted by four Deputy Chief Inspectors. Form A is used for initial registration, Form B for annual renewal of registration, and Form E for reporting changes. Inspections check for compliance with rules around working hours, leave, wages, and other requirements. Common breaches include non-registration, unauthorized hours of operation, and failure to maintain proper employment records.
workmen compensation act 1923
The document provides an overview of the Workmen's Compensation Act of 1923 in India. It discusses the objective of providing relief to workmen injured on the job. Key points covered include definitions of terms like employer, employee, wages; the process for claiming and determining compensation; and amendments made over time like increasing compensation amounts and changing terminology from workmen to employees. The document outlines the general principles for determining whether an injury arose from employment and conditions for employers' liability to pay compensation.
Equal Remuneration Act, 1976
The Equal Remuneration Act 1976 aims to provide equal pay for equal work regardless of sex. It was enacted to give effect to Articles 14, 16, and 39(d) of the Constitution of India. The Act has 3 chapters establishing employers' duties to pay equal wages to men and women for similar work, prohibiting discrimination in recruitment, and establishing penalties for non-compliance. In Bhagwan Dass v. State of Haryana, the court held that temporary appointments do not preclude equal pay if duties are similar to permanent employees.
Employee Provident Fund Act
The document summarizes the key aspects of the Employees' Provident Fund Scheme in India. The scheme applies to establishments with 20 or more employees and provides for provident fund, pension fund and insurance benefits. It requires monthly contributions from employers and employees and entitles members to benefits such as partial withdrawals for purposes like housing, education, marriage, or full withdrawal upon retirement after age 55.
Understand your EPF
I came across employees who had many queries about their EPF and lacks basic idea which they should have. Idea about EPF can help investment plans as well.
PRESENTATION OF ESIC
The document summarizes the Employee State Insurance Act of 1948 in India. It provides social security benefits like sickness, maternity, employment injury and funeral benefits to insured persons through a network of clinics and hospitals. Key benefits include cash payments for sickness, maternity and disabilities, free medical care, vocational training programs and unemployment assistance. The Act aims to provide certain benefits to employees in case of sickness, maternity and employment injury.
Payment Of Gratuity Act
The Payment of Gratuity Act of 1972 provides a scheme for payment of gratuity to employees in factories, mines, oilfields, plantations, ports, railways, shops or other establishments with 10 or more employees. It requires employers to pay gratuity to eligible employees at the rate of 15 days wages for each completed year of service. The gratuity is payable to employees on superannuation, retirement, resignation or death/disability after 5 years of continuous service. If an employer fails to make payment within 30 days, interest is payable for delayed payment. Disputes over gratuity amounts are resolved by controlling authorities through inquiry and appeals.
Equal Remuneration Act 1976
The Equal Remuneration Act 1976 aims to provide equal remuneration to men and women workers for similar work. It prohibits discrimination in recruitment, promotions, training or transfers based on sex. Same work or work of a similar nature is defined as work requiring equal skill, effort and responsibility under similar working conditions. The Act establishes Advisory Committees with at least half women members to advise on increasing employment opportunities for women. Authorities are appointed to hear claims and complaints, and employers must maintain registers related to workers.
Factories act, 1948 with related attachments
The document provides an overview of the Factories Act of 1948 in India. Some key points:
- The act aims to ensure safety measures and promote health/welfare of factory workers.
- It applies to manufacturing establishments with 10+ workers using power or 20+ without power.
- States have powers to enforce the act through inspectors, certifying surgeons, and welfare/safety officers.
- The act establishes standards for facilities, hygiene, ventilation, lighting, drinking water etc. It also regulates working hours, overtime pay, and restricts employment of women and children.
Factory’s act 1948
The Factories Act of 1948 regulates working conditions and safety standards in factories across India. It aims to ensure adequate safety measures to promote worker health and welfare. The Act applies to factories employing 10 or more workers with power or 20 or more without power. It covers provisions around working hours, leave, welfare amenities, hazardous work, and penalties for non-compliance. The document outlines key sections of the Act related to definitions, applicability, employer responsibilities, and penalties.
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Mrs. Madhavi Shantaram Gurav is seeking a challenging career opportunity where she can learn and grow. She has over 15 years of experience in accounting roles. Currently, she works as an Account Executive at Nitin Fire Protection Industries, where her responsibilities include tax filings, payroll, accounting entries, and assisting with audits. Previously, she held junior accounting roles at Worthington Nitin Cylinders and VKE Plumbing, where she gained experience in accounts payable/receivable, financial reporting, and use of Tally accounting software. She is proficient in English, Hindi, Marathi, MS Office, and Tally.
MSG-RES
Mrs. Madhavi Shantaram Gurav is seeking a challenging career opportunity where she can learn and grow. She has over 15 years of experience in accounting roles. Currently, she works as an Account Executive at Nitin Fire Protection Industries, where her responsibilities include tax filings, payroll, financial reporting, and assisting with audits. Previously, she held junior accounting roles at Worthington Nitin Cylinders and VKE Plumbing, where she gained experience in accounts payable/receivable, financial statement preparation, and computerized billing. She is proficient in Tally and Microsoft Office applications.
MS-97 JULY DECEMBER 2016 SOLVED ASSIGNMENT
This document provides information about strategic alliances and international business. It discusses:
1) The benefits of strategic alliances including shared risk, resources, and costs. Alliances allow access to new markets and innovation.
2) Models of strategic alliances including horizontal, vertical, and joint ventures. Alliances can be for technology, operations, or marketing.
3) Major trade blocks around the world such as the European Union, NAFTA, and APEC. It provides membership and overview of each block.
MS-11 Jan June 2017
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GTX Trade Application
To become a trade partner, applicants must fill out this application form providing company details like name, address, contact information, references, bank information, distribution rights, markets, and products sold. The completed form and documents including chamber of commerce registration and VAT form must be faxed back for review. Signing the declaration confirms that all information is correct and the company accepts the terms and conditions.
Rahul nach
This document is an NACH mandate form authorizing Camden Town Technologies Pvt Ltd to debit amounts from a bank account for loan repayments. It contains instructions for filling out the form including providing sponsor bank code, utility code, bank account number, debit type and frequency, period, authorization details, and signature. The customer agrees to the debit of processing charges and providing contact details like phone number and email. It mentions that the maximum amount on the form allows prepayment of the loan and actual debits will be as per the EMI plan. The customer is instructed to take a print, sign in the given area, and upload a high quality scanned image of the signed form.
GST series 04 Dec 16 Transitional Provisions
1. Registered taxpayers under earlier laws will be issued a provisional GST registration certificate that is valid for 6 months. They must furnish additional information within this period to receive a final registration.
2. Transitional provisions allow for carry forward of input tax credit from earlier laws to GST, including unavailed cenvat credit on capital goods. Credit will be allowed if it was admissible under the earlier law and is admissible under GST.
3. Recovery of wrongly enjoyed input tax credit will be done under GST, not the earlier laws.
gannett 0000950133-97-000952
- Three directors are up for election at the 1997 annual meeting of Gannett Co., Inc. shareholders. The nominees are Drew Lewis, Thomas A. Reynolds Jr., and Dolores D. Wharton.
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gannett 0000950133-97-000952
- Three directors are up for election at the 1997 annual meeting of Gannett Co., Inc. shareholders. The nominees are Drew Lewis, Thomas A. Reynolds Jr., and Dolores D. Wharton.
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Strategic analyses, planning and implementation template
This strategic plan document outlines analyses of an institution in Kathmandu, Nepal. It examines the institution's external environment through customer, market, competitor and general environment analyses. It also conducts internal analyses of performance and strategic options. A SWOT analysis identifies strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Strategic alternatives are considered and the top five strategic choices are prioritized with short and long-term plans. Finally, the plan outlines product/service development and an implementation, monitoring and control mechanism.
MS-93 Jan June 2017
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Dirgee proforma
The document is a degree application form submitted by a student to the Registrar of Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University. In the application, the student provides personal details like name, course details, and address. They are applying for their degree and have enclosed the prescribed fee of Rs. 500 via bank draft. They are requesting the university to send the degree to the address provided in the application.
MS-04 Jan June 2017
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Income Tax Amendments Applicable to AY 2020-21 (FY 2019-20)
This document discusses important amendments to consider while filing income tax returns for assessment year 2020-21 relating to rebates, surcharges, tax rates, deductions, depreciation, TDS provisions, capital gains exemption, and more. Key points include a reduced MAT rate of 15%, option to purchase two homes for capital gains exemption, increased standard deduction and TDS limits on rent and cash withdrawals.
MS-25 Jan June 2017
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Levy of penal charges on non-maintaining minimum balance in savings bank account
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- It estimates total annual CSR spending by all companies could be around Rs. 18,000 crore. Top 100 companies may contribute Rs. 5,611 crore annually.
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"Lifting the Corporate Veil" is a legal concept that refers to the judicial act of disregarding the separate legal personality of a corporation or limited liability company (LLC). Normally, a corporation is considered a legal entity separate from its shareholders or members, meaning that the personal assets of shareholders or members are protected from the liabilities of the corporation. However, there are certain situations where courts may decide to "pierce" or "lift" the corporate veil, holding shareholders or members personally liable for the debts or actions of the corporation.
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Fraud or Illegality: If shareholders or members use the corporate structure to perpetrate fraud, evade legal obligations, or engage in illegal activities, courts may disregard the corporate entity and hold those individuals personally liable.
Undercapitalization: If a corporation is formed with insufficient capital to conduct its intended business and meet its foreseeable liabilities, and this lack of capitalization results in harm to creditors or other parties, courts may lift the corporate veil to hold shareholders or members liable.
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Group Enterprises: In some cases, where multiple corporations are closely related or form part of a single economic unit, courts may pierce the corporate veil to achieve equity, particularly if one corporation's actions harm creditors or other stakeholders and the corporate structure is being used to shield culpable parties from liability.
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