This document proposes a new CGIAR strategy to develop gender-transformative seed systems. It recommends flipping the focus from gender-responsive seed systems to using seed systems to promote gender equality by transforming norms. The strategy includes studying the gendered impacts of current systems, and developing and testing seed system models that support new gender roles and women's access to and control over resources. The goal is to produce evidence on how seed systems can empower women and enhance gender equity through changes to formal policies and informal social norms.
Lead Authors:
Carlo Fadda
James Legg
Margaret McEwan
Beatrice Aighewi
Jorge Andrade
Zewdie Bishaw
Sammy Carsan
Steven Michael Cole
Alan Duncan
Alessandra Galie
Karen Garrett
Jonathan Hellin James Lillesø
Chris Stephen Jones
Christopher Kettle
Jan Kreuze
Kumar, Lava
Jens-Peter Barnekow Lillesø
Alice Muchugi
Bonaventure Aman Omondi
Michael Peters
Kelvin Mashisia Shikuku
David Spielman
Ronnie Vernooy
The document discusses persistent challenges in strengthening seed value chains and ways forward. It highlights that while CGIAR crop improvement has had significant impacts, challenges remain including limited business capacity, insufficient focus on consumer traits, unobservable seed attributes, and complex regulations. The times require new approaches that recognize farmer heterogeneity, validate solutions across contexts, and provide reliable data to design seed products and services. The document then examines key actors in seed value chains and gaps in understanding differentiated farmer seed demand. It argues for recognizing demand variation to design multidimensional strategies that effectively reach farmers.
Lead authors: David J Spielman; Zewdie Bishaw; Isabel Lopez Noriega; Gloria Otieno; Ronnie Vernooy; Alice Muchugi; Tadesse Wuletaw Degu; Yigezu A. Yigezu; Catherine Ragasa; Hiroyuki Takeshima; Jean Balié; Graham Thiele; Jens-Peter Barnekow Lillesø; Bekele Kotu; Abdoul Aziz Niane; Tom van Mourik; Michael Halewood; Hakeem Ajeigbe; Norbert G. Maroya; Silver Tumwegamire; John Recha; Dawit Alemu
Mayada El-Zoghbi
Building Resilience through Financial Inclusion: A Review of Existing Evidence and Knowledge Gaps
Co-Organized by IFPRI and Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA)
MAY 9, 2019 - 12:15 PM TO 01:45 PM EDT
Lead authors: Jason Donovan, Pieter Rutsaert, Kai Mausch, Conny Almekinders, Essegbemon Akpo, Margaret McEwan,
Kelvin Mashisia Shikuku
Contributors: Peter Coaldrake, Erik Delaquis, Marcel Gatto, Jon Hellin, Jens-Peter Barnekow Lillesø, Okeyo MwaiLilleso, Sunil Siriwardena, David Spielman, and Yigezu Atnafe Yigezu
Updated as of October 2021
Motivation and objectives
Analyzing Gender Issues in Agriculture
Developing Research Questions and Identifying Methodologies
Collecting Sex-Disaggregated Data
Lead Authors:
Carlo Fadda
James Legg
Margaret McEwan
Beatrice Aighewi
Jorge Andrade
Zewdie Bishaw
Sammy Carsan
Steven Michael Cole
Alan Duncan
Alessandra Galie
Karen Garrett
Jonathan Hellin James Lillesø
Chris Stephen Jones
Christopher Kettle
Jan Kreuze
Kumar, Lava
Jens-Peter Barnekow Lillesø
Alice Muchugi
Bonaventure Aman Omondi
Michael Peters
Kelvin Mashisia Shikuku
David Spielman
Ronnie Vernooy
The document discusses persistent challenges in strengthening seed value chains and ways forward. It highlights that while CGIAR crop improvement has had significant impacts, challenges remain including limited business capacity, insufficient focus on consumer traits, unobservable seed attributes, and complex regulations. The times require new approaches that recognize farmer heterogeneity, validate solutions across contexts, and provide reliable data to design seed products and services. The document then examines key actors in seed value chains and gaps in understanding differentiated farmer seed demand. It argues for recognizing demand variation to design multidimensional strategies that effectively reach farmers.
Lead authors: David J Spielman; Zewdie Bishaw; Isabel Lopez Noriega; Gloria Otieno; Ronnie Vernooy; Alice Muchugi; Tadesse Wuletaw Degu; Yigezu A. Yigezu; Catherine Ragasa; Hiroyuki Takeshima; Jean Balié; Graham Thiele; Jens-Peter Barnekow Lillesø; Bekele Kotu; Abdoul Aziz Niane; Tom van Mourik; Michael Halewood; Hakeem Ajeigbe; Norbert G. Maroya; Silver Tumwegamire; John Recha; Dawit Alemu
Mayada El-Zoghbi
Building Resilience through Financial Inclusion: A Review of Existing Evidence and Knowledge Gaps
Co-Organized by IFPRI and Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA)
MAY 9, 2019 - 12:15 PM TO 01:45 PM EDT
Lead authors: Jason Donovan, Pieter Rutsaert, Kai Mausch, Conny Almekinders, Essegbemon Akpo, Margaret McEwan,
Kelvin Mashisia Shikuku
Contributors: Peter Coaldrake, Erik Delaquis, Marcel Gatto, Jon Hellin, Jens-Peter Barnekow Lillesø, Okeyo MwaiLilleso, Sunil Siriwardena, David Spielman, and Yigezu Atnafe Yigezu
Updated as of October 2021
Motivation and objectives
Analyzing Gender Issues in Agriculture
Developing Research Questions and Identifying Methodologies
Collecting Sex-Disaggregated Data
HarvestPlus is scaling up biofortification efforts to 30 priority countries over the next 5 years. They used a multi-step process to prioritize these countries, including developing indices to measure potential benefits and enabling factors. The Biofortification Priority Index and Multicrop Index were used to estimate nutritional benefits across countries. The Hunger and Nutrition Commitment Index combined with crop readiness assessed enabling environments. Countries scoring high in both benefits and factors were prioritized. Additional criteria like operations and demand were also considered in selecting the 30 focus countries.
Rebbie Harawa
COUNTRY WORKSHOP
The Knowledge Lab on Climate Resilient Food Systems: An analytical support facility to achieve the SDGs
Co-Organized by IFPRI and AGRA
FEB 7, 2019 - 08:30 AM TO 05:55 PM EAT
This document summarizes findings from a study on trends in public agricultural research and development (R&D) spending in Africa south of the Sahara between 1981-2011. Key findings include: 1) Total public agricultural R&D spending increased over 35% from 2000-2011 but remains below recommended levels. 2) Growth has been uneven, with a handful of countries like Nigeria, Uganda, and Ethiopia driving increases. 3) Many countries spend far less than 1% of agricultural GDP on R&D. 4) Funding is volatile and fragmented across many small agencies. The conclusion calls for more stable, sufficient funding and building research capacity to achieve future growth targets.
Presentation delivered by IFPRI Director General Shenggen Fan on April 23, 2012 for the launch of the 2011 Global Food Policy Report at IFPRI's Headquarters in Washington, DC.
Soybean is an important cash crop in Southern Africa
Demand is driven by the growing poultry industry
Productivity of soybean is <1 t/ha due to low adoption of improved varieties and agronomic practices
Low adoption is due to limited availability and affordability of seed of improved varieties
Methods for studying gender dynamics in value chains beyond the production no...IFPRI-PIM
PIM Webinar recorded on Oct. 28, 2021. Presenters: Jessica Leight (IFPRI); Emily Gallagher (CIFOR); and Kate Ambler (IFPRI). More information at https://bit.ly/GDVCweb
Strengthening developing-country seed systems and markets. Policy trade-offs,...IFPRI-PIM
Presentation by David Spielman (IFPRI) at the PIM Webinar held on 25 October 2017. See more here: http://pim.cgiar.org/2017/09/29/webinar-strengthening-developing-country-seed-systems-and-markets-policy-trade-offs-unintended-consequences-and-operational-realities/
Mobilizing Youth within Phase 2 CGIAR CRPsIFPRI-PIM
Joint presentation by CIRAD Research Director Bruno Losch and PIM Director Karen Brooks at the CGIAR workshop on youth in agriculture and its role in the second phase of CGIAR. Research Programs (CRPs).
CGIAR Consortium Office, Montpellier, September 8-9, 2015.
The document discusses the Good Seed Initiative (GSI), a partnership project in East Africa led by CABI and funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The GSI aims to contribute to food security and livelihoods by building the capacity of smallholder farmers to produce and market high quality seed of African Indigenous Vegetables. Key approaches include partnerships along the seed value chain, action research, gender-sensitive programming, and farmer entrepreneurship. Notable achievements include equipping farmer groups in seed production, linking farmers to markets and services, characterizing indigenous varieties, increasing incomes and nutrition, and influencing seed production policies. The unique contribution of the partnership lies in its multi-stakeholder approach along the entire vegetable value chain.
Resilient farmer seed systems: the multiple functions of community seedbanksBioversity International
Bioversity International scientist Ronnie Vernooy presents on the important role that community seedbanks play in the conservation and use of agricultural biodiversity at GIZ Expert Talk on Farmer Seed Systems in Bonn, Germany.
Presentation by Ruth Meinzen-Dick, Head of Collection Action and Property Rights (CAPRi) Research Program, and Senior Research Fellow in the Environment, Production, Technology Division (EPTD) at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), at the Global Landscapes Forum on December 5, 2015 in Paris, France.
Food System Organization and Community ImpactsAngela Huffman
This document summarizes Mary Hendrickson's work on food systems and community impacts. It discusses how concentrated food systems can negatively impact communities by increasing inequality and poverty, decreasing retail diversity, and causing population declines. However, local food systems tend to have more positive economic and social impacts on communities by keeping more money circulating locally and strengthening social and economic ties. The document also outlines different types of capital (natural, financial, human, social, political, cultural, built) that contribute to community well-being and resilience, and provides strategies for building these capitals through local and regional food systems.
Accounting for gender-related structures of agricultural value chainsIFPRI-PIM
Presentation by Tanguy Bernard, Senior Research Fellow, IFPRI, made during the “International value chains in agriculture: challenges and opportunities to address gender inequalities” session at the WTO PUBLIC FORUM 2016
Inclusive and Efficient Value Chains: Innovations, Scaling, and Way ForwardIFPRI-PIM
In the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM), market and related aspects have been mostly addressed by PIM Flagship 3: Inclusive and Efficient Value Chains. The team has been focusing on the evolving international, regional, and local contexts for agricultural markets, and investigating how value chains (VC) can be strengthened to generate more benefits for smallholders and small and medium enterprises (SMEs), with differentiated opportunities for women, men, and youth. In this webinar on 22 November 2021, the team presented key findings from the Flagship’s work in 2017-2021 in three areas: 1) value chain innovations, 2) use of value chains for scaling CGIAR solutions, and 3) interactions between research and practice for value chain development.
For more information about this webinar and to access the full recording, visit https://bit.ly/3c6siV5.
This document discusses ways to improve agricultural research for development in Africa. It argues that more focus needs to be placed on building human and institutional capacity. Specifically, it calls for:
1) Improving linkages between international agricultural research institutions like CGIAR and advanced research institutions as well as organizations involved in product development and deployment.
2) Promoting education, training, and programs to systematically build strong public institutions in developing countries rather than relying on temporary projects or disaster assistance.
3) Recruiting and retaining top talent in developing countries through incentives like scholarships, rewarding excellence, and creating economic opportunities so countries can be self-sufficient in addressing development challenges.
Improved forages in Lushoto have wide adoption potentialILRI
Poster prepared by Hycenth Tim Ndah, Johannes Schuler, VandolineNkwain, Beatus Nzogela and Birthe Paul (CIAT) for the Maziwa Zaidi Policy Forum, Dar es Salaam, 23-24 May 2017
1) The document summarizes key discussions from the Science Forum 16 Synthesis and Reflections session, including considerations around the role of agricultural research in poverty reduction, climate change, and gender.
2) Major topics discussed include lessons from past experiences with agricultural research, the importance of targeting smallholders in Africa, integrating gender perspectives, and climate change impacts and adaptation/mitigation strategies.
3) Breakout sessions focused on researching staple crops like maize, rice and wheat to boost productivity and incomes, as well as "future crops" with nutritional/climate benefits like millets, legumes and tef. The role of animal agriculture and policies/markets in poverty reduction were also examined.
Jemimah Njuki, Sarah Eissler, Hazel Malapit, Ruth Meinzen-Dick, Elizabeth Bryan, and Agnes Quisumbing
SPECIAL EVENT
UNFSS Science Days Side Event: Gender Equality, Women’s Empowerment, and Food Systems
Co-Organized by IFPRI and Self Employed Women’s Association (SEWA)
JUL 6, 2021 - 07:00 AM TO 08:00 AM EDT
Reducing social gaps in access to seeds: a cluster randomized trial in KenyaIFPRI-PIM
Gender Dynamics in Seed Systems project with Berber Kramer (IFPRI, Principal Investigator) in collaboration with the CGIAR Gender Platform for Gender Research and Integrated Seed Sector Development (ISSD) Africa
HarvestPlus is scaling up biofortification efforts to 30 priority countries over the next 5 years. They used a multi-step process to prioritize these countries, including developing indices to measure potential benefits and enabling factors. The Biofortification Priority Index and Multicrop Index were used to estimate nutritional benefits across countries. The Hunger and Nutrition Commitment Index combined with crop readiness assessed enabling environments. Countries scoring high in both benefits and factors were prioritized. Additional criteria like operations and demand were also considered in selecting the 30 focus countries.
Rebbie Harawa
COUNTRY WORKSHOP
The Knowledge Lab on Climate Resilient Food Systems: An analytical support facility to achieve the SDGs
Co-Organized by IFPRI and AGRA
FEB 7, 2019 - 08:30 AM TO 05:55 PM EAT
This document summarizes findings from a study on trends in public agricultural research and development (R&D) spending in Africa south of the Sahara between 1981-2011. Key findings include: 1) Total public agricultural R&D spending increased over 35% from 2000-2011 but remains below recommended levels. 2) Growth has been uneven, with a handful of countries like Nigeria, Uganda, and Ethiopia driving increases. 3) Many countries spend far less than 1% of agricultural GDP on R&D. 4) Funding is volatile and fragmented across many small agencies. The conclusion calls for more stable, sufficient funding and building research capacity to achieve future growth targets.
Presentation delivered by IFPRI Director General Shenggen Fan on April 23, 2012 for the launch of the 2011 Global Food Policy Report at IFPRI's Headquarters in Washington, DC.
Soybean is an important cash crop in Southern Africa
Demand is driven by the growing poultry industry
Productivity of soybean is <1 t/ha due to low adoption of improved varieties and agronomic practices
Low adoption is due to limited availability and affordability of seed of improved varieties
Methods for studying gender dynamics in value chains beyond the production no...IFPRI-PIM
PIM Webinar recorded on Oct. 28, 2021. Presenters: Jessica Leight (IFPRI); Emily Gallagher (CIFOR); and Kate Ambler (IFPRI). More information at https://bit.ly/GDVCweb
Strengthening developing-country seed systems and markets. Policy trade-offs,...IFPRI-PIM
Presentation by David Spielman (IFPRI) at the PIM Webinar held on 25 October 2017. See more here: http://pim.cgiar.org/2017/09/29/webinar-strengthening-developing-country-seed-systems-and-markets-policy-trade-offs-unintended-consequences-and-operational-realities/
Mobilizing Youth within Phase 2 CGIAR CRPsIFPRI-PIM
Joint presentation by CIRAD Research Director Bruno Losch and PIM Director Karen Brooks at the CGIAR workshop on youth in agriculture and its role in the second phase of CGIAR. Research Programs (CRPs).
CGIAR Consortium Office, Montpellier, September 8-9, 2015.
The document discusses the Good Seed Initiative (GSI), a partnership project in East Africa led by CABI and funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The GSI aims to contribute to food security and livelihoods by building the capacity of smallholder farmers to produce and market high quality seed of African Indigenous Vegetables. Key approaches include partnerships along the seed value chain, action research, gender-sensitive programming, and farmer entrepreneurship. Notable achievements include equipping farmer groups in seed production, linking farmers to markets and services, characterizing indigenous varieties, increasing incomes and nutrition, and influencing seed production policies. The unique contribution of the partnership lies in its multi-stakeholder approach along the entire vegetable value chain.
Resilient farmer seed systems: the multiple functions of community seedbanksBioversity International
Bioversity International scientist Ronnie Vernooy presents on the important role that community seedbanks play in the conservation and use of agricultural biodiversity at GIZ Expert Talk on Farmer Seed Systems in Bonn, Germany.
Presentation by Ruth Meinzen-Dick, Head of Collection Action and Property Rights (CAPRi) Research Program, and Senior Research Fellow in the Environment, Production, Technology Division (EPTD) at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), at the Global Landscapes Forum on December 5, 2015 in Paris, France.
Food System Organization and Community ImpactsAngela Huffman
This document summarizes Mary Hendrickson's work on food systems and community impacts. It discusses how concentrated food systems can negatively impact communities by increasing inequality and poverty, decreasing retail diversity, and causing population declines. However, local food systems tend to have more positive economic and social impacts on communities by keeping more money circulating locally and strengthening social and economic ties. The document also outlines different types of capital (natural, financial, human, social, political, cultural, built) that contribute to community well-being and resilience, and provides strategies for building these capitals through local and regional food systems.
Accounting for gender-related structures of agricultural value chainsIFPRI-PIM
Presentation by Tanguy Bernard, Senior Research Fellow, IFPRI, made during the “International value chains in agriculture: challenges and opportunities to address gender inequalities” session at the WTO PUBLIC FORUM 2016
Inclusive and Efficient Value Chains: Innovations, Scaling, and Way ForwardIFPRI-PIM
In the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM), market and related aspects have been mostly addressed by PIM Flagship 3: Inclusive and Efficient Value Chains. The team has been focusing on the evolving international, regional, and local contexts for agricultural markets, and investigating how value chains (VC) can be strengthened to generate more benefits for smallholders and small and medium enterprises (SMEs), with differentiated opportunities for women, men, and youth. In this webinar on 22 November 2021, the team presented key findings from the Flagship’s work in 2017-2021 in three areas: 1) value chain innovations, 2) use of value chains for scaling CGIAR solutions, and 3) interactions between research and practice for value chain development.
For more information about this webinar and to access the full recording, visit https://bit.ly/3c6siV5.
This document discusses ways to improve agricultural research for development in Africa. It argues that more focus needs to be placed on building human and institutional capacity. Specifically, it calls for:
1) Improving linkages between international agricultural research institutions like CGIAR and advanced research institutions as well as organizations involved in product development and deployment.
2) Promoting education, training, and programs to systematically build strong public institutions in developing countries rather than relying on temporary projects or disaster assistance.
3) Recruiting and retaining top talent in developing countries through incentives like scholarships, rewarding excellence, and creating economic opportunities so countries can be self-sufficient in addressing development challenges.
Improved forages in Lushoto have wide adoption potentialILRI
Poster prepared by Hycenth Tim Ndah, Johannes Schuler, VandolineNkwain, Beatus Nzogela and Birthe Paul (CIAT) for the Maziwa Zaidi Policy Forum, Dar es Salaam, 23-24 May 2017
1) The document summarizes key discussions from the Science Forum 16 Synthesis and Reflections session, including considerations around the role of agricultural research in poverty reduction, climate change, and gender.
2) Major topics discussed include lessons from past experiences with agricultural research, the importance of targeting smallholders in Africa, integrating gender perspectives, and climate change impacts and adaptation/mitigation strategies.
3) Breakout sessions focused on researching staple crops like maize, rice and wheat to boost productivity and incomes, as well as "future crops" with nutritional/climate benefits like millets, legumes and tef. The role of animal agriculture and policies/markets in poverty reduction were also examined.
Jemimah Njuki, Sarah Eissler, Hazel Malapit, Ruth Meinzen-Dick, Elizabeth Bryan, and Agnes Quisumbing
SPECIAL EVENT
UNFSS Science Days Side Event: Gender Equality, Women’s Empowerment, and Food Systems
Co-Organized by IFPRI and Self Employed Women’s Association (SEWA)
JUL 6, 2021 - 07:00 AM TO 08:00 AM EDT
Reducing social gaps in access to seeds: a cluster randomized trial in KenyaIFPRI-PIM
Gender Dynamics in Seed Systems project with Berber Kramer (IFPRI, Principal Investigator) in collaboration with the CGIAR Gender Platform for Gender Research and Integrated Seed Sector Development (ISSD) Africa
This poster was presented by Lone Badstue (MAIZE / WHEAT / CIMMYT) for the pre-Annual Scientific Conference meeting organized for the CGIAR research program gender research coordinators on 4 December.
The annual scientific conference of the CGIAR collaborative platform for gender research took place on 5-6 December 2017 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, where the Platform is hosted (by KIT Royal Tropical Institute).
Read more: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/annual-scientific-conference-capacity-development-workshop-cgiar-collaborative-platform-gender-research/
Gender equality and social inclusion in WHEAT CGIAR
The document discusses gender integration in the Wheat Research for Development (WHEAT) program. It notes that farming takes place within complex social relationships that are often gendered. The WHEAT program recognizes this and aims to understand how gender affects areas like technology adoption and project outcomes to contribute to equality of opportunities and outcomes among small-scale farmers. It outlines WHEAT's two-pronged gender strategy of integrating gender research into technical areas and conducting specific gender research. Key research questions are provided for each flagship program area to ensure gender perspectives are incorporated.
Lecture: Gender, Agriculture and Climate Change, Jennifer Twyman, CIATCIAT
1. The document discusses how gender affects vulnerability to climate change through differences in roles, resources, and decision-making power between men and women. It provides examples of how climate change impacts women more due to gendered divisions of labor and lack of access to assets.
2. CCAFS aims to empower women and achieve more equitable gender outcomes through gender-specific research and integrating gender in projects. It asks key research questions about how climate change differently impacts men and women and how to design interventions to benefit women.
3. Women's empowerment is defined and operationalized through increased access to and control over resources as well as participation in household and community decision-making. Practical and strategic gender needs are distinguished,
Unpacking the “Gender Box”: Identifying the Gender Dimensions of Your ResearchIFPRI Gender
This document provides an overview of key concepts and tools for conducting gender analysis in agricultural research and development projects. It defines common gender terminology and explains why gender differences are important to consider. The document outlines different levels of gender analysis from the individual to household to plot levels. It also discusses objectives for gender-sensitive programs, strategies to measure women's empowerment, and resources for further gender analysis.
Gender equality and social inclusion in MAIZECGIAR
This poster was presented by Lone Badstue (CIMMYT), as part of the Gender Research Coordinators' meeting (4 December 2017), related to Annual Scientific Conference hosted by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research. The event took place on 5-6 December 2017 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, where the Platform is hosted (by KIT Royal Tropical Institute).
Read more: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/annual-scientific-conference-capacity-development-workshop-cgiar-collaborative-platform-gender-research/
This poster was presented by Lone Badstue (MAIZE / WHEAT / CIMMYT) for the pre-Annual Scientific Conference meeting organized for the CGIAR research program gender research coordinators on 4 December.
The annual scientific conference of the CGIAR collaborative platform for gender research took place on 5-6 December 2017 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, where the Platform is hosted (by KIT Royal Tropical Institute).
Read more: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/annual-scientific-conference-capacity-development-workshop-cgiar-collaborative-platform-gender-research/
System-wide gender research agenda. CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender R...CGIAR
This presentation was given by Rhiannon Pyburn (CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research/KIT), as part of the Annual Gender Scientific Conference hosted by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research. The event took place on 25-27 September 2018 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, hosted by the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) and co-organized with KIT Royal Tropical Institute.
Read more: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/annual-conference-2018/
This document summarizes the Dryland Systems Gender Strategy and Work Plan for implementing gender mainstreaming in the Dryland Systems CGIAR Research Program. It discusses the goals of promoting gender equity and reducing gender gaps. Key activities include mainstreaming gender within flagship technologies, undertaking strategic gender research, building gender awareness and capabilities, and integrating gender considerations into organizational structures, implementation, and the action plan. The strategy is aimed at making research and innovations more gender-aware and transformative to improve livelihoods and resilience for vulnerable households and communities.
1) The document examines how gender influences seed potato and ware potato marketing in Malawi, finding that social norms result in men having greater access to knowledge networks, training, and control over crop income.
2) Women often sell seed out of necessity rather than opportunity, and have less access to quality seed due to affordability issues and perceptions that they lack knowledge about seed quality.
3) The study recommends targeting women with training on quality seed production and exploring use of mobile money to make potato marketing more inclusive of women.
This document discusses gender and its importance for nutrition. It defines gender as a social construct that can vary between societies and over time, concerning socially acceptable norms and behaviors. It explains that some factors like biological sex are determined by genetics, while others like gender roles and expectations are socially and culturally determined. The document outlines how gender norms can impact nutrition outcomes and why addressing gender is important for improving nutrition. It discusses challenges with rigid gender norms and the need to involve all members of the household, including men, in nutrition initiatives. The document also reviews international commitments and funder priorities around promoting gender equality.
This presentation was given by the various speakers at the panel session on gender dynamics in seed systems, as part of the Annual Scientific Conference hosted by the University of Canberra and co-sponsored by the University of Canberra, the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) and CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research. The event took place on April 2-4, 2019 in Canberra, Australia.
Read more: https://www.canberra.edu.au/research/faculty-research-centres/aisc/seeds-of-change and https://gender.cgiar.org/annual-conference-2019/
Malawi veterinary students’ training in equity, gender and empowermentILRI
This document provides an overview of a training for Malawian veterinary students on integrating concepts of equity, gender, and empowerment into their work. The training covered:
1) Defining key concepts like equity, equality, gender, and empowerment and distinguishing between equality and equity.
2) How inequities like gender gaps negatively impact the agricultural and veterinary sectors by reducing productivity and limiting access to resources and opportunities.
3) Practical lessons on implementing equity and addressing issues around access to technologies, services, markets, financial services, and participation/decision-making that disproportionately impact women and other marginalized groups.
Gender Research For Agnostics: Methods and Findings from IFPRI's Gender and I...IFPRI Gender
Gender research takes into account socially constructed relationships and differences between men and women, not just biological differences. It makes sense to consider gender when there are systematic gender differences in outcomes, determinants, or processes. IFPRI's gender research program uses mixed qualitative and quantitative methods to understand intrahousehold dynamics and bargaining power. Key findings show households do not always act as a single unit, and increasing women's resources through targeted programs can benefit family welfare outcomes like nutrition, education and health.
Integrating gender considerations into livestock genetic improvement programs...ILRI
Presented by Karen Marshall, Nicoline de Haan and Alessandra Galiè at the Association for the Advancement of Animal Breeding and Genetics Conference, Armidale, Australia, 27 October-1 November 2019.
This poster was presented by Ranjitha Puskur (IRRI), as part of the Gender Research Coordinators' meeting (4 December 2017), related to Annual Scientific Conference hosted by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research. The event took place on 5-6 December 2017 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, where the Platform is hosted (by KIT Royal Tropical Institute).
Read more: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/annual-scientific-conference-capacity-development-workshop-cgiar-collaborative-platform-gender-research/
This document discusses research priorities for the CGIAR Research Program on RICE regarding gender and social dynamics in rice-based farming systems. The research will focus on testing pathways to empower women farmers and understand the tradeoffs of mechanization. It will also examine entrepreneurship development for smallholder women farmers. Key questions to be addressed include the gender issues that influence participation in the rice value chain and the implications for research. The research aims to understand the gendered impacts of rice technologies on empowerment, poverty, nutrition, and resilience.
Similar to Inclusive and gender-transformative seed systems (20)
These set of slides were presented at the BEP Seminar "Targeting in Development Projects: Approaches, challenges, and lessons learned" held last Oct. 2, 2023 in Cairo, Egypt
Caitlin Welsh
POLICY SEMINAR
Food System Repercussions of the Russia-Ukraine War
2023 Borlaug Dialogue Breakout session
Co-organized by IFPRI and CGIAR
OCT 26, 2023 - 1:10 TO 2:10PM EDT
Joseph Glauber
POLICY SEMINAR
Food System Repercussions of the Russia-Ukraine War
2023 Borlaug Dialogue Breakout session
Co-organized by IFPRI and CGIAR
OCT 26, 2023 - 1:10 TO 2:10PM EDT
Antonina Broyaka
POLICY SEMINAR
Food System Repercussions of the Russia-Ukraine War
2023 Borlaug Dialogue Breakout session
Co-organized by IFPRI and CGIAR
OCT 26, 2023 - 1:10 TO 2:10PM EDT
Bofana, Jose. 2023. Mapping cropland extent over a complex landscape: An assessment of the best approaches across the Zambezi River basin. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
Mananze, Sosdito. 2023. Examples of remote sensing application in agriculture monitoring. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
This document discusses using satellite data and crop modeling to forecast crop yields in Mozambique. It summarizes previous studies conducted in the US, Argentina, and Brazil to test a remote sensing crop growth and simulation model (RS-CGSM) for predicting corn and soybean yields. For Mozambique, additional data is needed on crop cultivars, management practices, planting and harvest seasons. It also describes using earth observation data and machine learning models to forecast crop yields and conditions across many countries as part of the GEOGLAM program, though this is currently only implemented in South Africa for Africa. Finally, it mentions a production efficiency model for estimating yield from satellite estimates of gross primary production.
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 2023. Statistics from Space: Next-Generation Agricultural Production Information for Enhanced Monitoring of Food Security in Mozambique. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Kickoff Meeting (virtual), January 12, 2023
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 2023. Statistics from Space: Next-Generation Agricultural Production Information for Enhanced Monitoring of Food Security in Mozambique. Component 1. Stakeholder engagement for impacts. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
Centro de Estudos de Políticas e Programas Agroalimentares (CEPPAG). 2023. Statistics from Space: Next-Generation Agricultural Production Information for Enhanced Monitoring of Food Security in Mozambique. Component 3. Digital collection of groundtruthing data. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
ITC/University of Twente. 2023. Statistics from Space: Next-Generation Agricultural Production Information for Enhanced Monitoring of Food Security in Mozambique. Component 2. Enhanced area sampling frames. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023
Christina Justice
IFPRI-AMIS SEMINAR SERIES
A Look at Global Rice Markets: Export Restrictions, El Niño, and Price Controls
Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
OCT 18, 2023 - 9:00 TO 10:30AM EDT
Rice is the most consumed cereal in Senegal, accounting for 34% of total cereal consumption. Per capita consumption is 80-90kg annually, though there is an urban-rural divide. While domestic production has doubled between 2010-2021, it still only meets 40% of demand. As a result, Senegal imports around 1 million tons annually, mainly from India and Thailand. Several public policies aim to incentivize domestic production and stabilize prices, though rice remains highly exposed to international price shocks due to its importance in consumption and reliance on imports.
Abdullah Mamun and Joseph Glauber
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Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
OCT 18, 2023 - 9:00 TO 10:30AM EDT
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IFPRI-AMIS SEMINAR SERIES
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Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
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Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
OCT 18, 2023 - 9:00 TO 10:30AM EDT
This document provides an overview of the Political Economy and Policy Analysis (PEPA) Sourcebook virtual book launch. It summarizes the purpose and features of the PEPA Sourcebook, which is a guide for generating evidence to inform national food, land, and water policies and strategies. The Sourcebook includes frameworks, analytical tools, case studies, and step-by-step guidance for conducting political economy and policy analysis. It aims to address the current fragmentation in approaches and lack of external validity by integrating different frameworks and methods into a single resource. The launch event highlighted example frameworks and case studies from the Sourcebook that focus on various policy domains like food and nutrition, land, and climate and ecology.
- Rice exports from Myanmar have exceeded 2 million tons per year since 2019-2020, except for 2020-2021 during the peak of the pandemic. Exports through seaports now account for around 80% of total exports.
- Domestic rice prices in Myanmar have closely tracked Thai export prices, suggesting strong linkages between domestic and international markets.
- Simulations of a 10% decrease in rice productivity and a 0.4 million ton increase in exports in 2022-2023 resulted in a 33% increase in domestic prices, a 5% fall in production, and a 10% drop in consumption, with poor households suffering the largest declines in rice consumption of 12-13%.
Bedru Balana, Research Fellow, IFPRI, presented these slides at the AAAE2023 Conference, Durban, South Africa, 18-21 September 2023. The authors acknowledged the contributions of CGIAR Initiative on National Policies and Strategies, Google, the International Rescue Committee, IFPRI, and USAID.
Sara McHattie
IFPRI-AMIS SEMINAR SERIES
Facilitating Anticipatory Action with Improved Early Warning Guidance
Co-organized by IFPRI and Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS)
SEP 26, 2023 - 9:00 TO 10:30AM EDT
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Food safety, prepare for the unexpected - So what can be done in order to be ready to address food safety, food Consumers, food producers and manufacturers, food transporters, food businesses, food retailers can ...
1. L E A D A U T H O R S :
Alessandra Galiè
Nozomi Kawarazuka
Anne Rietveld
Berber Kramer
C O - A U T H O R S :
Kelvin Mashisia Shikuku
Jorge Andrade
Karen Marshall
Barnekow Lillesø Jens-Peter
Catherine Ragasa
Margaret McEwan
Jummai Yila
David Spielman
Isabelle Baltenweck
McDougal Cynthia
Inclusive
and gender-
transformative
seed systems
3. Seed systems: an opportunity for gender equality
Seed is the first link in the food chain. Seed security is vital to smallholder women and men
farmers for food and nutrition security
Seed systems can enhance access to resources needed for survival; access to opportunities to
earn a living; and control over the acquired benefits
Women and men play different roles and have gender-specific opportunities and constraints in
seed systems (affected also by other social markers).
Gender-responsive seed systems have the potential to:
More effectively contribute to achieving seed, food and nutrition security (through e.g.
enhanced adoption of improved seeds and increase the rate of genetic gains)
Contribute to gender equity by empowering women
Transform gender norms: leveraging norms conducive to equity; undermining obstructive
norms
4. The Key Words
Seed: all propagation materials for
crops, trees, forages, livestock, and
fish.
Seed security: women and men
producers have permanent and
unrestricted access to adequate
quantities of quality seeds, adapted to
their varying agro-ecological
conditions and socioeconomic needs.
Seed systems: means by which
women and men food producers and
consumers achieve seed security -
...whether of crops, trees, forages,
livestock, or fish.
5. Gender: ‘identities and expectations associated by
society to a certain sex. These are affected by power
relations that intersect with other social markers (e.g.
age, ethnic group etc) and influences access to and
control over resources and opportunities.’ In seed
systems we pay particular attention to poor women and
men who have challenges in access to quality seeds
along the seed value chain, and indigenous women and
men who are central to indigenous seed conservation.
Gender equity: ‘equivalence of life outcomes for women
and men achieved through strategies that address their
different needs, interests, access to resources and
power’
Empowerment: ‘ability to achieve one’s desired life goal’
The Key Words
6. Gender-accommodative
approaches (GAAs): recognize and
respond to the specific needs and
realities of men and women, based on
their existing roles and responsibilities
as shaped by existing social and
economic structures. They do not
challenge the status quo and do not
question the systemic barriers.
Gender-transformative approaches
(GTAs): in contrast to accommodative
approaches, GTAs aim to catalyse
social change by addressing norms
that constrict a particular group and
leveraging existing norms that are
conducive toward gender equality
(Galiè and Kantor, 2016).
The Key Words
8. Seed systems and gender: what’s the matter?
• Research shows that household members have different needs, preferences, access to
and control over seed – they all affect seed adoption and who benefits from seed and also
engagement of women as traders in seed value chains (Brandth 2002; Paris et al 2008)
• Formal breeding may produce seed that is not good for poorest farmers and women in
particular:
• Crops/species selected for improvement not always grown by poor farmers and
women
• Varieties/breeds bred for traits that are not relevant to marginal farmers/livestock
keepers and women in particular
• Seed considered good by poorest farmers and women not available when it is needed
(FAO 2015: http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5548e.pdf)
• If available, not accessible (too expensive; too far; wrong time; women cannot get to shop;
no information etc.) (Pushkur et al 2020)
• If available and accessible, women may still lack sufficient control over the seeds to benefit
equitably (its sourcing, cultivating/raising, utilization) or the benefits arising from using the
seeds (World Bank 2009; Galie 2017).
9. Gender analysis in seed system development
• Seed system analysis is often gender blind:
• Relatively little gender-disaggregated information
• Relatively limited analysis of gender dynamics in seed systems
• Existing gender considerations integrated in seed systems mostly ‘functional approach’,
e.g. ‘gender-responsive breeding and delivery can increase adoption’ or ‘how can gender
analysis help improve seed system sustainability’
• Existing literature on gender in seed systems focuses on diagnosing gender gaps and
dynamics
• Little testing (and therefore evidence) of gender empowering or transformative solutions for
seed systems development
10. C G I A R E X P E R I E N C E
A N D E X P E R T I S E
11. The evidence: gender analysis in seed systems
• Women and men may have different trait preferences that formal breeding programs need to
take into account (Adam et al 2019; Murphy et al 2020; Ramasawmi et al 2018; Tufan et al 2018)
• New commercial/hybrid seeds run a risk of increasing women’s labour burden (e.g. Bergman
Lodin et al., 2012, Teklewold et al., 2013, Tavenner et al 2019)
• Seed reaches remote farmers and women in particular, mostly through informal channels and
(Coomes et al., 2015; Mcguire, Sperling and Sperling, 2016) and along gender lines (Ricciardi
2015)
• Extension work plays the central roles in disseminating quality seeds to women farmers (e.g.
Lecoutere et al. 2019, Pan et al. 2020)
• Understanding women’s perceptions, practices and intra-household decision-making power are
critical to provide appropriate seed multiplication technologies and breeding programs (Kilwinger
et al., 2020, Nkengla-Asi et al., 2020; Mudege et al., 2018; Marshall et al 2019)
• The characteristics of seed sources affect farmers’ adoption choices (McGuire et al 2016)
All these publications have highlighted where gender considerations are relevant in seed systems (see next slide)….
12. Key components
of seed systems
Key characteristics
of each component
Gender considerations
in each component
1 Seed quality: standard that
determines the potential
performance of a seed lot
Healthy seed Crops and species used by whom?
Physiological, genetic & physical qualities Whose trait preferences & needs?
Responsive to shock Women invisible farmers
2
Availability: the physical existence
of enough quality seed at the right
place and time from the right
source.
Multiplication (based on demand & needs)
Whose needs and demands considered for
multiplication
Delivery channels Gendered reach of delivery channels
3
Access: ability and willingness to
acquire seed (through purchase,
exchange, loan or barter) and
related information.
Awareness Gendered access to information
Affordability Gendered access to resources
Mobility Women less mobile than men
Social networks Gendered social networks
4
Use and benefits: ability to decide
what crop/species/variety/breed to
source, grow/raise, and how to use
the associated benefits
Legal frameworks (global, national) Gender-discriminating laws & regulations
Informal, customary practices Gender-discriminating norms
Access to other resources Gendered control over resources
13. Evidence: Seed systems for empowerment
• Global regulations around patents and property rights may disenfranchise women
from claiming rights over seed unless they explicitly protect the rights of women
farmers to access and share the benefits of genetic material (Galiè, 2013).
• Accessing and controlling good seed varieties can enhance the empowerment of
women farmers (Paris et al 2008; Song et al 2018; Galie et al 2013)
• New commercial/hybrid seeds do not necessarily benefit women due to limited
women-oriented credit scheme, information and/or market channels, ending up
with supporting men (Mason and Smale, 2013, Abate et al. 2018, Mudege et al.,
2015; Mason and Ricker-Gilbert, 2013)
• Evidence on the impact of seed systems on women’s empowerment is very
limited (Pushkur et al 2020)
14. Evidence: Seed systems for gender transformation
• Brearley and Kramer (forthcoming)
• McDougal et al (forthcoming)
• Control over new seed varieties and livestock breeds has the potential to
transform gender norms (Galie and Kantor 2016; Galie et al 2017)
Evidence is very limited!
16. A proposal for a
CGIAR Strategy
We flip the question to:
transformative seed systems
for gender equality
Provide evidence of gendered
impact of seed systems
Develop and test seed system
models that intentionally
transform inequitable gender
norms
17. Strategy 1: We flip the question
No longer gender-responsiveness as a means for effective seed systems BUT
equitable seed systems as a transformative means to progress towards
gender equality
The new research question is:
-What changes in seed systems can enhance progress towards gender
equality by transforming formal (e.g. policies) and informal (e.g. cultural
norms) systems of gender-based discrimination? And how?
18. Strategy 2: Study gendered impact of current
seed systems
Gendered impact of
a gender-responsive
seed systems on a
reach to empower
continuum
Key components
of gender-
responsive seed
systems
2. Availability: the
physical existence
of enough quality
seed at the right
place and time.
1. Seed quality:
seed that reflects
gendered
crop/species and
variety/breed
preferences
3. Access: ability of
women and men to
acquire seed
(through purchase,
exchange, loan or
barter) and related
information.
4. Use and benefits: ability
of women and men to
decide on
crop/species/variety/breed
and on derived benefits
Recognition (e.g. women as farmers; their trait needs and preferences)
Access to resources (e.g. seed of crops women
usually grow)
Access to opportunities (e.g. to purchase good seed)
Decision-making in domains they
usually control (e.g. chicken; cassava)
Empower:
enhance women's
decision-making
power on strategic
life choices
Domains of
empowerment a
gender-
responsive seed
system can
affect
Reach:
women as
participants
Benefit: increase
women’s
wellbeing
Outcomes of
projects
19. Strategy 3: gender-transformative seed systems
We develop and test seed system models that intentionally transform constraining gender
norms by:
• Supporting recognition and acceptance by men and women of women and men taking
unconventional gender roles (e.g. women recognised as seed agri-preneurs, AI providers,
chicken vendors, hatchery and nursery operators; men valued as care givers, ‘soft’ leaders
etc);
• providing women with access to resources they rarely own but are needed for seed security
(e.g. land, machinery) and catalysing policies and norms that enable more equitable control
over these resources.
• providing women with access to opportunities they are usually excluded from (e.g. pond
aquaculture; new seed business; financial mechanisms); and engaging women and men in
identifying and finding locally-desirably ways to shift constraining norms and stereotypes
embedded in these
• enhancing women’s control over and decision-making in domains that traditionally belong to
men (e.g. lead a seed firm)
• Engage with masculinity and new spaces and ways of being for men (as caregivers;
helpers etc), in particular to create more equitable gender division of labour and
intrahousehold decisionmaking
See next slide for a visual representation
20. Potential transformative impact of gender-responsive seed
systems on a reach to empower continuum
Key components
of gender-
responsive seed
systems
2. Availability: the
physical existence
of enough quality
seed at the right
place and time.
1. Seed quality:
seed that reflects
gendered
crop/species and
variety/breed
preferences
3. Access: ability of
women and men to
acquire seed
(through purchase,
exchange, loan or
barter) and related
information.
4. Use and benefits: ability
of women and men to
decide on
crop/species/variety/breed
and on derived benefits
Recognition of new roles and identities (e.g. women as farmers AND as seed agri-preneurs; their
needs and preferences as traders)
Access to seed and other resources (e.g. land) in
formal and informal policies
Access to new opportunities (e.g. employment in a
seed firm; seed entrepeneurship)
Decision-making & control in new
spheres (lead a seed firm) in local
norms/laws/policies
Empower:
enhance women's
decision-making
power on strategic
life choices
Domains of
empowerment a
gender-
responsive seed
system can
affect
Reach:
women as
participants
Benefit: increase
women’s
wellbeing
Outcomes of
projects
21. Next research steps: what do we need to
know and do
• Leverage similarities (and differences) of gender issues across
livestock/fish/crop seed systems to build stronger evidence
• Produce data on how gender dynamics and norms influence each
component of a seed systems
• Study what transformative seed systems can enhance gender equity by
changing gender norms at household and community level?
• Study what national and regional laws and regulations can facilitate
transformative change in seed systems for gender equity?
• Produce data on gendered impact of seed systems that enhance equity
• Develop and test gender transformative seed systems
23. Recommendations
• Integrate gender analysis in seed system development with a focus on the
gender transformative potential of seed systems
• Assess how each component of the seed system impacts on the reach-
benefit-empower-transform continuum
• Study what are transformative seed systems that enhance gender equity by
addressing both formal (laws and policies) and informal norms (cultural
norms) at various levels and across regions and commodities (fish,
livestock, crops, trees, forage)
• Disseminate tested models of gender-transformative seed systems