The document discusses the conventions of observational documentaries and how the filmmaker's documentary both follows and challenges some of these conventions. Observational documentaries typically involve filming subjects without involvement and using long takes without voiceovers or interviews. The documentary extract follows these conventions by filming on location with long takes and subjects unaware they are being filmed. However, it challenges conventions by including a voiceover, archive footage, and non-diegetic sound, techniques more common in general documentaries.