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White Paper




IMPROVE PATIENT CARE AND REDUCE IT COSTS
WITH VENDOR NEUTRAL ARCHIVING AND CLOUD
STORAGE
George Hamilton, Senior Product Marketing Manager, Cloud
Infrastructure Group




                  Abstract
                  The following paper opens with the evolution and challenges of medical
                  image archiving. It continues by illustrating how Vendor Neutral Archive
                  combined Atmos cloud storage enable healthcare organizations to break
                  down PACS silos to reduce storage and archive costs, and provide secure,
                  anywhere access to medical images on any device at the point of care.


                  H10733.1 July 2012
Copyright © 2012 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

EMC believes the information in this publication is accurate as
of its publication date. The information is subject to change
without notice.

The information in this publication is provided “as is.” EMC
Corporation makes no representations or warranties of any kind
with respect to the information in this publication, and
specifically disclaims implied warranties of merchantability or
fitness for a particular purpose.

Use, copying, and distribution of any EMC software described in
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For the most up-to-date listing of EMC product names, see EMC
Corporation Trademarks on EMC.com.

VMware is a registered trademark of VMware, Inc. in the United
States and/or other jurisdictions. All other trademarks used
herein are the property of their respective owners.




                          Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage   2
Table of Contents
Introduction ............................................................................................................ 4
The Evolution and Challenge of Medical Image Archiving .......................................... 5
   PACs Proliferation............................................................................................................... 5
   From Files to Objects: The Medical Image Archive ............................................................... 6
      The Challenge of Archiving Images on File-based Storage............................................... 7
      Object Storage: A Step Forward for Medical Image Archiving .......................................... 9
The Value of a Vendor Neutral Archive (VNA) .......................................................... 10
EMC Atmos Cloud Storage Platform : The Right Fit for VNA .................................... 11
   Cloud Storage Architecture ............................................................................................... 11
   Metadata-driven automated policies ................................................................................ 12
   Multi-tenancy for secure shared resources ....................................................................... 13
   Instant access from any device ......................................................................................... 13
   Federate to private or public clouds.................................................................................. 13
The Synergy of Vendor Neutral Archive and EMC Atmos Cloud Storage Platform....... 14
   Financial Benefits ............................................................................................................. 14
   Operational Benefits ........................................................................................................ 15
   Clinical Benefits ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Case Study: Kettering Health Network Improves Medical Imaging Flow .................... 16
Conclusion ............................................................................................................ 16




                                                                         Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage                       3
Introduction
Who among us hasn’t been “in the tube” for an MRI or CT scan or in a radiology lab or
dentist chair for an x-ray? There are over 800 million medical imaging procedures
performed worldwide every year. That includes over 325 radiology procedures, over
60 million CT scans and nearly 30 million MRIs performed in the United States alone.
The critical role of medical images for rapid diagnoses, error reduction and providing
efficient, quality patient care is indisputable. Also indisputable is the need to
securely and cost-effectively store this valuable data and make it accessible in real
time at the point of care – wherever the point of care may be.
The explosive growth in the size and volume of medical images has exceeded even
the most well-considered capacity plans. The scope of data growth, particularly image
data, taxes even the most efficient IT departments. But storage capacity is not a new
problem. Storage administrators are very experienced at provisioning storage and raw
capacity. So, what makes the growth in medical image data a unique and more urgent
issue? Simply put, it’s the scope of image data growth and the value of that data for
improving patient outcomes and care delivery.
Healthcare IT leaders find themselves at the center of an IT transformation. In addition
to their existing responsibilities for cost reduction, data security and compliance, they
have new responsibility for pioneering ways in which Big Data can transform
healthcare delivery and pave the way for true, personalized medicine. Healthcare
delivery and payment reform, compliance mandates, and new requirements for
collaboration, data sharing, and mobility are converging to create a perfect storm that
is changing the healthcare landscape. To adapt and compete, healthcare
organizations of all sizes and shapes need a new approach to medical image
archiving that efficiently stores and protects Big Data and makes it instantly
accessible from any device anywhere in the world.




                                                Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage   4
The Evolution and Challenge of Medical Image Archiving

PACS Proliferation
The emergence of Picture Archiving and Communications Systems (PACS)
transformed diagnostic imaging. Healthcare organizations were able to minimize film
use and its associated development costs, eliminate processing chemicals and their
disposal costs, and increase the speed of image capture and access. Each radiology
department was also able to store all their image data in a secure, HIPAA-compliant
database. Over time, however, the size and volume of image studies revealed the
limitations of departmental PACS.
According to Enterprise Strategy Group, healthcare data storage will have grown 35%
annually between 2010 and 2015. The largest increase being in medical imaging and
electronic medical/healthcare records (EMR/EHR).
Figure 1: The Explosive Growth of Healthcare Data




Source: ESG Research Report 2011 – North American Health Care Provider Market Size and Forecast

Radiology, cardiology and other departments have implemented departmental PACS
as the volume and value of diagnostic imaging has grown. In addition, the Health
Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act has served as
additional incentive to adopt PACS. The result is a proliferation of departmental PACS
that have created a host of new challenges:
     •    Higher IT infrastructure and operational costs. The sprawl of heterogeneous
          PACS has resulted in IT infrastructure sprawl. IT departments need to manage




                                                                   Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage   5
more servers, more client interfaces and more storage systems. And all that
       data needs to be secured and backed up. This necessitates complex backup
       infrastructure and more management tasks. And if a department wants to
       migrate to a new PACS, it often means buying all new server and storage
       hardware and software.
   •   Fewer budget resources for new initiatives. The higher operational costs,
       which can be 80% of the budget, take away resources that can be used for
       new, strategic technology investments that can directly benefit hospital
       operations, workflows and the patient experience.
   •   Proprietary data. Image data is tied tightly to the PACS platform. That
       proprietary nature of departmental PACS makes it very difficult to share image
       data across departments and modalities. Healthcare IT managers find
       themselves in a perpetual state of migration as departments upgrade or
       replace PACS.
   •   Difficulty meeting standards for “Meaningful Use”. Department-specific PACS
       often have poor integration with EHR/EMR. Imaging will be included in the
       2014 proposed rule for EHR certification requirements under Meaningful Use
       criteria Stage 2. Proposals are evolving but providers could forfeit $44,000
       incentive payments if they do not make 40% of all imaging results and
       information accessible via certified EHR systems. In addition, Meaningful Use
       criteria stage 3, set to begin in 2015 or shortly after, will have new
       requirements for information exchange with public health agencies as well as
       new criteria for demonstrating improved patient outcomes.
   •   Poor storage scalability. Even in larger healthcare organizations that centrally
       manage storage resources, image data growth exceeds their ability to scale
       their predominantly file-based storage infrastructure that supports
       departmental PACS.
   •   Complex workflows. When data is tied to a particular PACS or modality,
       healthcare professionals need to view images on multiple viewers or multiple
       applications. More efficient processes mean less time interacting with
       equipment and IT systems, fewer errors, and more time spent with patients.
To get the challenges of PACS proliferation under control, many organizations have
implemented a centralized image archive in their enterprise data center to offload
image data from departmental PACS. However, there are different approaches for
architecting a centralized image archive. The unique nature of medical image
archiving makes it imperative to choose wisely.

From Files to Objects: The Medical Image Archive
Figure 2 illustrates how backup and archiving have evolved and how they will
continue to evolve over the next several years. Archiving used to be a necessity (by
law or other compliance mandates) and a method for moving older, seldom-used data
to cheap storage. Today, the enterprise archive is a critical business asset. Specific to
healthcare, the image archive has become indispensable as an information asset and



                                                Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage   6
critical to accurate diagnoses and error reduction. Archived image data needs to be
stored securely and in compliance with industry regulations, but also accessible on-
demand. Increasingly, healthcare organizations have turned to object, content-
addressable storage platforms to achieve these goals.
Figure 2: The Evolution of Archiving




The Challenge of Archiving Images on Traditional File-based Storage

Many organizations, not just healthcare organizations, have relied on file-based storage for
disk-based archiving. But archiving medical image data has exposed the limitations of
traditional file systems for archiving large volumes of unstructured content such as medical
images.

Figure 3 is a simplified illustration of a typical enterprise storage architecture utilizing two sites
for redundancy. In this typical scenario, IT and storage administrators are heavily involved in
provisioning storage resources for an application. For every request for storage, such as in the
event of a new PACS, storage administrators need to find adequate capacity, create a drive
letter, provision a file system, provision RAID and LUN and present that back to the application.
Every single request needs to go through this process and the result is every storage resource
has a direct, 1:1 relationship with its application. Consequently, every new application results
in the creation of a new storage silo.


Figure 3: Traditional File-based Archiving




                                                  Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage          7
To further complicate matters, storage administrators also need to provision and manage
replication and backup systems and processes. Typically, this involves the use of snapshots.
The file system takes rotating snapshots of the data to a local disk throughout the day and the
data is backed up daily. The applications and data are also fully replicated to a redundant,
secondary site. In smaller environments with a single data center and 10s of TBs of data, IT can
manage effectively. Once the environment extends to multiple sites and 100’s of TBs,
managing multiple replication, backup and archiving schemes gets complicated and exposes
the following problems:.

   •   Higher storage and operational costs. The complexity inherent in this
       approach increases operational costs. Traditional file systems are limited to
       16 terabytes (TB), meaning IT needs to provision more file systems and more
       hardware and software to meet data growth. The additional hardware and
       software needed to support the environment also require more data center
       floor space and add to power and cooling costs. Lastly, image data is still
       tightly tied to the PACS and underlying storage hardware, which makes it very
       costly to migrate data when upgrading or replacing PACS.

   •   Inefficient scale. Because of the complexity and manual work, it’s very difficult to scale a
       traditional Network Attached Storage (NAS) environment. Every new application requires
       a repeat of the storage provisioning tasks listed previously.

   •   Poor resource utilization and over-provisioning. The fully redundant sites means the
       best outcome is 50% utilization. In truth, utilization is much lower. For example, since
       storage provisioning with traditional NAS is such an onerous task, a department will
       request 2 TB of storage capacity for a new application, even if they only need 1 TB. And
       the storage administrators, also aware of how difficult it is to provision storage, will
       provision 3 to 4 TB to avoid having to provision more capacity sooner than anticipated.
       The result is 3 to 4 TB of storage dedicated to an application that only needs 1TB.




                                                Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage         8
•   Increased risk. The use of snapshots is commonplace, but can introduce risk in the case
       of medical images. If a file system is corrupted, rotating snapshots can result in
       overwritten or lost data. The amount of data that could be lost is significant. The average
       image size is 100 megabytes and there are approximately 3000 image studies per GB. If
       3 TBs are lost, that can impact about 30,000 patient records. Imagine having to rescan
       30,000 patients! Even if the data is recoverable from backup the downtime can have
       significant clinical impact. Inopportune data unavailability could mean rescheduling a
       procedure or an additional night in a hospital bed.


Object Storage: A Step Forward for Medical Image Archiving
The rapid growth of unstructured data like images and the complexity and scalability concerns
of traditional file systems led many healthcare organizations to adopt a fundamentally different
approach for medical image archiving. Content addressed storage (CAS) was pioneered by EMC
with the launch of EMC Centera in 2002 as a storage platform more suited for storing and
retrieving unstructured content, or, objects. CAS replaces the hierarchical addressing scheme
of file systems with a flat addressing scheme. Data and its associated metadata are stored as
objects. This fundamentally different architecture has had a profound effect on archiving in
general, and on medical image archiving in particular.

Figure 4: CAS and Object-based Archiving with EMC Centera

                       PACS        PACS        MRI          CT
                        Rad        Card        Lab          lab


                                          CA




                                          CA




Objects have metadata which is used to store, identify, locate, secure, and authenticate data.
And every object has a unique digital fingerprint called a content address (CA). Applications
don’t have to access the storage system to access data. The application only needs the address
of the object. Regardless of where the object physically resides, the storage system can retrieve
the data. This improves application and storage performance and enables multiple applications
to use the same archive.

The bottom line is that object storage systems such as Centera, due to the nature of object
storage and a flat addressing scheme can scale much more easily with much easier
management and administration. Content authenticity is guaranteed and stored objects can be




                                                Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage        9
accessed by applications via the CAS API. This removes the tight coupling of applications,
operating systems and file systems that tie data tightly to applications and make it challenging
to scale. As evidence of this success of CAS, EMC Centera accounts for approximately 53%
market share of storage systems used for medical image archiving.

There is a great deal of value in investing in CAS and modern storage infrastructure. For many,
however, these investments alone will not address the long-term strategic challenges posed by
the future of healthcare IT, new healthcare regulatory initiatives, and the unending growth of
image data.

Object-based storage, Centera in particular, has transformed archiving over the last decade.
Centera excels at medical image archiving and compliance but the growth in data and the
number of PACS continues unabated. Healthcare organizations add more imaging centers to
keep pace with demand and consolidation through merger and acquisition results in larger
hospital networks with dozens of dispersed departmental PACS. This growth creates new
challenges that CAS alone does not fix. Faced with the need to consolidate and centrally
manage a growing infrastructure, IT leaders look to their current suppliers; often these are
traditional NAS vendors, whose systems support departmental PACS.

Having had success with a CAS platform, however, it does not make sense to go back to file-
based storage for medical image archiving. Most vendors’ NAS offerings still have the same
limitations today they had years ago that prompted so many healthcare organizations to adopt
object-based archiving in the first place. In addition, many PACS communicate with storage via
the CAS API. Given these factors, CAS and object-based storage is still the right choice.
However, healthcare organizations have new needs and new scalability requirements that
necessitate a change. The good news is that there is a choice that preserves and builds on the
advantages of CAS and object-based storage. Healthcare organizations are increasingly turning
to Vendor Neutral Archive and cloud storage.


The Value of a Vendor Neutral Archive

A Vendor Neutral Archive (VNA), as the name implies, is a vendor-neutral and
standards-based repository of medical images. A VNA enables a healthcare
organization to consolidate multiple image archives into one standard DICOM image
archive that can serve any PACS. The primary value of a VNA is that DICOM image data
is no longer in a proprietary format tied to a particular PACS. IT can consolidate PACS
image silos and centrally manage image data. There are distinct advantages to a VNA:
   •   Image sharing and collaboration. A VNA can ingest DICOM data from any
       modality over a network connection and makes images accessible to any
       DICOM viewer or PACS.
   •   Eliminate data migration. Since data is in a standard, non-proprietary format,
       imaging department leaders can choose best-of-breed PACS without onerous
       data migration.




                                               Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage       10
•   Integration with EMR/EHR. A VNA makes it simpler for accurate medical
        images from multiple modalities to be part of patients’ electronic medical
        records. This will have a direct impact on meeting Meaningful Use Stage 2
        criteria.
    •   Improve Information Lifecycle Management (ILM). Consolidating PACS archives
        makes it easier to manage data centrally and apply information/image
        lifecycle management policies.
    •   Improved PACS and image viewer performance. By offloading infrequently
        used images from the PACS storage, a VNA improves the performance of each
        departmental PACS.
A VNA delivers image data portability and independence from departmental PACS and
viewing applications. But a VNA is also vendor-neutral in terms of the storage
platform used for storing and managing images. A true VNA enables the use of any
storage platform. But that doesn’t mean all storage platforms are the same. To truly
exploit the value and transformative potential of a VNA, healthcare organizations
need a storage strategy and platform that addresses today’s tactical needs and
prepares for a future of information exchange and collaboration enabled by private
and public clouds.


EMC Atmos Cloud Storage Platform : The Right Fit for VNA
The EMC Atmos cloud storage platform builds on the foundation of CAS and object storage to
deliver a cloud storage platform designed to store, manage, and protect globally distributed
unstructured content at scale. Healthcare organizations have a choice of storage platforms for
their VNA but Atmos is purpose-built as a cloud storage platform – whether private, public or
hybrid - and provides key capabilities that efficiently store medical images and enhance the
value of a Vendor Neutral Archive:
•   Cloud storage architecture
•   Meta-data driven automated policies
•   Multi-tenancy for secure shared resources
•   Instant access from any device
•   Federate to private or public clouds

Cloud Storage Architecture
Atmos features a single global namespace that presents Atmos as a single system to
applications and users. Atmos’ global namespace technology enables applications or
individuals to simply call up an HTTP address to gain access to storage capacity. This
is especially important when the infrastructure spans multiple sites and geographies.
Regardless of the physical location of the storage resource, it is just an HTTP address
away.




                                                Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage        11
Figure 5: EMC Atmos Clous Storage Platform




Rather than having a primary and secondary site with rotating snapshots and replication, Atmos
is configured as an active/active system. The active/active architecture distributes objects
across all nodes in the infrastructure. Rather than managing two redundant sites, IT manages
the two sites as one system. There are no file system limitations or complex replication and
backup schemes to manage. The environment can scale much more easily and provide more
usable storage. IT can more easily manage a geographically distributed environment as a single
system from one management interface.

Metadata-driven automated policies

Atmos features customizable metadata to apply automated policies for data placement and
retention, protection methods, and efficiency. When certified for a VNA, the Atmos Policy
Manager can apply policies based on the metadata embedded in the medical images by the
VNA. DICOM tags can be passed onto Atmos from the VNA to enable Atmos to apply
customizable, granular policies to automate information lifecycle management.

For example, a modality such as a CT scanner can apply DICOM tags to a medical image at
creation that stipulates how that data is stored and accessed. Atmos can apply a policy that
keeps that image in local storage for 30 days, then automatically archives to long-term storage
or to a third party storage service provider for a set number of years.

Metadata also has a clinical value. Physicians and caregivers can access data based on
metadata. Storage administrators can use listable metadata tags to easily index similar items.
For example, a data query can examine the stored objects to find the one of interest. Healthcare
workers could access all medical records from a specific patient or all patients diagnosed with
heart arrhythmia or all patients with heart arrhythmia using an experimental anti-arrhythmic




                                               Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage          12
medication. Data-driven, automated policies and the use of metadata help healthcare
organizations manage medical images more effectively, reduce operational costs and can
provide caregivers with better patient diagnoses and treatment information.

Multi-tenancy for secure shared resources

Atmos supports multiple tenants all sharing the same underlying infrastructure, while ensuring
that all data is kept separate and secure. Unlike a traditional file system, the user has no
knowledge of the physical location of their stored data (nor do they care). A large hospital or
Integrated Delivery Network (IDN) can offer Storage-as-a-Service (StaaS); in effect, treating each
member hospital or departmental imaging lab as a customer. Each modality, department, or
hospital has a secure, virtual storage resource dedicated to them, but IT manages them through
a single, global system.

Healthcare organizations can offer Archive-as-a-Service. IT can meter usage and provide self-
service capabilities so individual tenants or applications can request additional storage
resources on-demand. The Atmos data access API provides hooks directly from an application
to the Atmos storage infrastructure. If an application requires additional storage, Atmos can
provision automatically without IT involvement. If it is only a temporary need, the added
capacity is automatically returned to the infrastructure and made available to another
application. It’s efficient and eliminates over-provisioning and underutilization.


Instant access from any device
Atmos supports a broad range of access methods to support development and
deployment of packaged or custom-built applications. In effect, Atmos is an
application-agnostic archive. Many healthcare organizations will interact with Atmos
through pre-integrated PACS applications. But they also have the option of using
Atmos Web Services interfaces (REST and SOAP), which allow ubiquitous, scalable
and full featured access to Atmos. The primary benefit is that healthcare
organizations no longer need multiple viewers to access and see medical images.
Most of the Atmos VNA Partners use the Atmos REST API. Support for these web
services protocols makes medical images stored in Atmos available to new Web-
based and mobile applications. Access via mobile devices will become a more
frequent use case as the point of care can be wherever the patient is.
In addition to REST and SOAP, healthcare organizations can also provide access to
Atmos as a mounted drive via the Atmos Installable File System (Linux) and
traditional file system interfaces like NFS (Network File System for Linux) or CIFS
(Common Internet File System for Windows). Not only is Atmos the right architectural
fit for medical image archiving but the use of traditional file system interfaces makes
it a fit for consolidating multiple application archives and managing them as one
single system.

Federate to private or public clouds




                                                Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage       13
The rich policy management features of EMC Atmos enable healthcare organizations to federate
their private cloud data with Atmos-powered public cloud service providers. For example, an
image study may be old and of little further value, but compliance dictates that a hospital retain
the data for an additional 10 years or, in some cases, indefinitely. The hospital can set a policy
that automatically moves the image study to one of over forty Atmos-enabled cloud storage
service providers. This gives storage administrators additional flexibility to store data in the
most cost-effective fashion and according to policy. And they can do that while still managing
both the private and public cloud resources as a single system.

In the longer term, this ability to federate to other Atmos-powered clouds will give healthcare
organizations a head start at participating in private and public health information exchanges.
An IDN can create competitive differentiation by virtue of an information strategy that facilitates
information exchange, collaboration and efficiency that leads to better patient experiences and
outcomes.


The Synergy of Vendor Neutral Archive and EMC Atmos Cloud
Storage Platform
Figure 6 illustrates the synergistic relationship of VNA and EMC Atmos. Together, VNA and EMC
Atmos enable healthcare organizations to not only reduce storage and archive costs, but to
begin the journey towards a world of personalized medicine. The EMC Atmos cloud storage
platform is optimized for VNAs so healthcare IT departments can provide secure, anywhere
access to medical images on any device at the point of care. VNA and Atmos combine to deliver
financial, operational and clinical benefits.

Figure 6: Vendor Neutral Archive and EMC Atmos Cloud Storage Platform




VNA and Atmos Deliver Financial, Operational and Clinical Benefits




                                                 Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage        14
The synergies of VNA and Atmos manifest financially, operationally and clinically (Figure 7).
   Consolidating individual PACS into one system and multiple archive storage silos into one
   global archive reduces management overhead and the many manual tasks associated with
   proprietary data and traditional file systems. Atmos reduces much of the tedious file system
   management tasks and obviates the need for dedicated backup and replication systems. The
   result is that VNA and Atmos can reduce medical image archiving total cost of ownership
   upwards of 30% in the following ways:

        •   Application savings. The VNA reduces application software costs by enabling healthcare
            organizations to reduce or eliminate departmental PACS applications and multiple
            image viewers.
        •   Migration savings. A VNA eliminates the dependency between image data and the PACS
            applications. Storage administrators no longer have expensive data migrations to
            execute when they purchase or upgrade a PACS.
        •   Storage savings. EMC Atmos healthcare customers reported that they’ve been able to
            increase storage density 3x. That translates to lower hardware and software costs, more
            efficient use of data center space, and reduced power and cooling costs.
        •   Storage IT savings. IT can simply offer archive capacity as a service to tenants within
            their organization. Gone are the manually intensive and costly tasks of provisioning
            storage and managing a complex, heterogeneous storage infrastructure.

   The combination of VNA and Atmos make it much more efficient to manage image data from
   creation to the end of its useful life (EOL). Hospitals get more value out of existing PACS
   investments and can improve their performance as a result of offloading seldom-used PACS
   data from the image cache to the Atmos storage platform. Performance is also improved due to
   RESTful integration that allows certified VNA applications to initiate multi-threaded reads and
   writes to Atmos in parallel.

   The cost savings and efficiency alone are motivation enough in many industries. However,
   healthcare is unique in that IT investments very often have to demonstrate direct clinical
   benefit. Together, VNA and Atmos consolidate and standardize medical image capture and
   accessibility. The bottom line is that VNA and Atmos are foundational to making every medical
   image study available anywhere on any device at the point of care with appropriate security
   controls. Better image accessibility and better information lead to better patient outcomes.

   Figure 7: The Synergies of Vendor Neutral Archive and EMC Atmos

        Benefits                     Vendor Neutral Archive                                   EMC Atmos
Financial – Reduce the cost   •   Consolidate individual PACS archives into   •   Single global namespace provides a more
of storing and accessing          one system                                      efficient, unlimited scale, modern storage
medical image data            •   Lower TCO than heterogeneous PACS               platform
                              •   Extend lifetime of existing PACS            •   Automated backup and disaster recovery
                                  investments                                 •   Lower total cost to archive
                                                                              •   Increased storage density = lower TCO
Operational – more            •   Achieve sophisticated Information           •   Meta data, policy driven clinical information
efficiently manage image          Lifecycle Management (ILM)                      lifecycle Management (ILM)
data and storage from         •   Leverage existing PACS investments and      •   Integration of DICOM tags and Atmos meta
creation to EOL




                                                                Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage                     15
improve PACS performance                   data
                              •   End perpetual migrations               •   Multi-tenancy to make storage available as a
                                                                             service
                                                                         •   Federate to public cloud
Clinical – Image data         •   Make image data available across       •   Anywhere access to image data via REST,
available anytime,                departments and PACS                       HTTPS
anywhere improves the         •   Integration with EHR/EMR               •   Meta-data driven data access
patient experience and                                                   •   Federate and connect to future HIEs.
efficiency of care delivery




   Case Study: Kettering Health Network Improves Medical Imaging
   Flow
  Kettering Health Network is a non-profit healthcare network covering the Dayton, OH area.
  Kettering’s network includes 8 hospitals, over 60 other medical facilities, 8000 employees,
  1200 physicians, and 1000 volunteers. Kettering grew from four hospitals to eight and needed
  their technology to scale in line with the increasing number of procedures and data they create.

  Kettering set out to consolidate their siloed, proprietary PACs. As they were growing, they
  needed their information systems to interact better with each other. Kettering had 3 radiology
  PACS and 3 cardiology PACS and creates a million image studies per year that need to be
  retained for 5 to 10 years. Their goal was to consolidate the multiple systems into one location
  and point their EMR system to that one, consolidated image archive. That way, physicians and
  other caregivers could access images without having a complex workflow that required 3
  separate logins to get the data they needed.

  Kettering chose VNA and Atmos cloud storage. Now, Kettering is able to get images quickly and
  securely into imaging and viewing applications, manage everything centrally, share those
  images across the environment, and provide a better experience to their 1200 physicians.

  As further validation of the benefit of Atmos and VNA, Kettering acquired a hospital that had
  their own set of PACS. Kettering was able to migrate the acquired hospital’s systems and
  integrate them into the Atmos environment within six months. In addition, Atmos has been
  much less expensive to manage. As a result Kettering can keep data online that would have
  otherwise gone to tape sooner.

   “We were able to provide images and drop their turnaround time from 8 hours to only
   a couple hours and often under an hour.”
   William Hall, Imaging Applications Coordinator
   Kettering Health Network


   Conclusion



                                                               Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage               16
Individually, Vendor Neutral Archiving and Atmos cloud storage each have financial
and operational benefits. VNA consolidates individual PACS archives into one system.
EMC Atmos consolidates multiple file-based archive storage silos into one, global
archive. However, the value of VNA and Atmos together is far greater than the sum of
their individual capabilities. The bottom line is simple connectivity – how to move
and translate data from one environment to another as part of the diagnostic process.
And consolidate image repositories and links to displays or dashboards with
analytics. Cloud infrastructure facilitates this data mobility and works in tandem with
VNA to consolidate image repositories and facilitate information access and
exchange.
Healthcare organizations and delivery networks can reduce the complexity and cost
of their heterogeneous PACS environments and build efficiencies that make organic
growth and growth by acquisition manageable and profitable. VNA and Atmos make IT
more efficient and enable IT leaders to shift resources from repetitive operational
tasks to more value-adding technology initiatives aligned with their organization’s
mission. VNA and Atmos facilitate information sharing and image availability across
modalities and the organization to reduce costs, make caregivers more productive,
and improve the quality and safety of patient care. VNA and Atmos serve as a
foundation on which to build healthcare clouds that facilitate the journey to truly
personalized medicine.

To learn more about the Atmos product family, see http://www.emc.com/atmos




                                               Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage   17

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Improve Patient Care and Reduce IT Costs with Vendor Neutral Archiving and Cloud Storage

  • 1. White Paper IMPROVE PATIENT CARE AND REDUCE IT COSTS WITH VENDOR NEUTRAL ARCHIVING AND CLOUD STORAGE George Hamilton, Senior Product Marketing Manager, Cloud Infrastructure Group Abstract The following paper opens with the evolution and challenges of medical image archiving. It continues by illustrating how Vendor Neutral Archive combined Atmos cloud storage enable healthcare organizations to break down PACS silos to reduce storage and archive costs, and provide secure, anywhere access to medical images on any device at the point of care. H10733.1 July 2012
  • 2. Copyright © 2012 EMC Corporation. All Rights Reserved. EMC believes the information in this publication is accurate as of its publication date. The information is subject to change without notice. The information in this publication is provided “as is.” EMC Corporation makes no representations or warranties of any kind with respect to the information in this publication, and specifically disclaims implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. Use, copying, and distribution of any EMC software described in this publication requires an applicable software license. For the most up-to-date listing of EMC product names, see EMC Corporation Trademarks on EMC.com. VMware is a registered trademark of VMware, Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners. Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 2
  • 3. Table of Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................ 4 The Evolution and Challenge of Medical Image Archiving .......................................... 5 PACs Proliferation............................................................................................................... 5 From Files to Objects: The Medical Image Archive ............................................................... 6 The Challenge of Archiving Images on File-based Storage............................................... 7 Object Storage: A Step Forward for Medical Image Archiving .......................................... 9 The Value of a Vendor Neutral Archive (VNA) .......................................................... 10 EMC Atmos Cloud Storage Platform : The Right Fit for VNA .................................... 11 Cloud Storage Architecture ............................................................................................... 11 Metadata-driven automated policies ................................................................................ 12 Multi-tenancy for secure shared resources ....................................................................... 13 Instant access from any device ......................................................................................... 13 Federate to private or public clouds.................................................................................. 13 The Synergy of Vendor Neutral Archive and EMC Atmos Cloud Storage Platform....... 14 Financial Benefits ............................................................................................................. 14 Operational Benefits ........................................................................................................ 15 Clinical Benefits ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Case Study: Kettering Health Network Improves Medical Imaging Flow .................... 16 Conclusion ............................................................................................................ 16 Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 3
  • 4. Introduction Who among us hasn’t been “in the tube” for an MRI or CT scan or in a radiology lab or dentist chair for an x-ray? There are over 800 million medical imaging procedures performed worldwide every year. That includes over 325 radiology procedures, over 60 million CT scans and nearly 30 million MRIs performed in the United States alone. The critical role of medical images for rapid diagnoses, error reduction and providing efficient, quality patient care is indisputable. Also indisputable is the need to securely and cost-effectively store this valuable data and make it accessible in real time at the point of care – wherever the point of care may be. The explosive growth in the size and volume of medical images has exceeded even the most well-considered capacity plans. The scope of data growth, particularly image data, taxes even the most efficient IT departments. But storage capacity is not a new problem. Storage administrators are very experienced at provisioning storage and raw capacity. So, what makes the growth in medical image data a unique and more urgent issue? Simply put, it’s the scope of image data growth and the value of that data for improving patient outcomes and care delivery. Healthcare IT leaders find themselves at the center of an IT transformation. In addition to their existing responsibilities for cost reduction, data security and compliance, they have new responsibility for pioneering ways in which Big Data can transform healthcare delivery and pave the way for true, personalized medicine. Healthcare delivery and payment reform, compliance mandates, and new requirements for collaboration, data sharing, and mobility are converging to create a perfect storm that is changing the healthcare landscape. To adapt and compete, healthcare organizations of all sizes and shapes need a new approach to medical image archiving that efficiently stores and protects Big Data and makes it instantly accessible from any device anywhere in the world. Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 4
  • 5. The Evolution and Challenge of Medical Image Archiving PACS Proliferation The emergence of Picture Archiving and Communications Systems (PACS) transformed diagnostic imaging. Healthcare organizations were able to minimize film use and its associated development costs, eliminate processing chemicals and their disposal costs, and increase the speed of image capture and access. Each radiology department was also able to store all their image data in a secure, HIPAA-compliant database. Over time, however, the size and volume of image studies revealed the limitations of departmental PACS. According to Enterprise Strategy Group, healthcare data storage will have grown 35% annually between 2010 and 2015. The largest increase being in medical imaging and electronic medical/healthcare records (EMR/EHR). Figure 1: The Explosive Growth of Healthcare Data Source: ESG Research Report 2011 – North American Health Care Provider Market Size and Forecast Radiology, cardiology and other departments have implemented departmental PACS as the volume and value of diagnostic imaging has grown. In addition, the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act has served as additional incentive to adopt PACS. The result is a proliferation of departmental PACS that have created a host of new challenges: • Higher IT infrastructure and operational costs. The sprawl of heterogeneous PACS has resulted in IT infrastructure sprawl. IT departments need to manage Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 5
  • 6. more servers, more client interfaces and more storage systems. And all that data needs to be secured and backed up. This necessitates complex backup infrastructure and more management tasks. And if a department wants to migrate to a new PACS, it often means buying all new server and storage hardware and software. • Fewer budget resources for new initiatives. The higher operational costs, which can be 80% of the budget, take away resources that can be used for new, strategic technology investments that can directly benefit hospital operations, workflows and the patient experience. • Proprietary data. Image data is tied tightly to the PACS platform. That proprietary nature of departmental PACS makes it very difficult to share image data across departments and modalities. Healthcare IT managers find themselves in a perpetual state of migration as departments upgrade or replace PACS. • Difficulty meeting standards for “Meaningful Use”. Department-specific PACS often have poor integration with EHR/EMR. Imaging will be included in the 2014 proposed rule for EHR certification requirements under Meaningful Use criteria Stage 2. Proposals are evolving but providers could forfeit $44,000 incentive payments if they do not make 40% of all imaging results and information accessible via certified EHR systems. In addition, Meaningful Use criteria stage 3, set to begin in 2015 or shortly after, will have new requirements for information exchange with public health agencies as well as new criteria for demonstrating improved patient outcomes. • Poor storage scalability. Even in larger healthcare organizations that centrally manage storage resources, image data growth exceeds their ability to scale their predominantly file-based storage infrastructure that supports departmental PACS. • Complex workflows. When data is tied to a particular PACS or modality, healthcare professionals need to view images on multiple viewers or multiple applications. More efficient processes mean less time interacting with equipment and IT systems, fewer errors, and more time spent with patients. To get the challenges of PACS proliferation under control, many organizations have implemented a centralized image archive in their enterprise data center to offload image data from departmental PACS. However, there are different approaches for architecting a centralized image archive. The unique nature of medical image archiving makes it imperative to choose wisely. From Files to Objects: The Medical Image Archive Figure 2 illustrates how backup and archiving have evolved and how they will continue to evolve over the next several years. Archiving used to be a necessity (by law or other compliance mandates) and a method for moving older, seldom-used data to cheap storage. Today, the enterprise archive is a critical business asset. Specific to healthcare, the image archive has become indispensable as an information asset and Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 6
  • 7. critical to accurate diagnoses and error reduction. Archived image data needs to be stored securely and in compliance with industry regulations, but also accessible on- demand. Increasingly, healthcare organizations have turned to object, content- addressable storage platforms to achieve these goals. Figure 2: The Evolution of Archiving The Challenge of Archiving Images on Traditional File-based Storage Many organizations, not just healthcare organizations, have relied on file-based storage for disk-based archiving. But archiving medical image data has exposed the limitations of traditional file systems for archiving large volumes of unstructured content such as medical images. Figure 3 is a simplified illustration of a typical enterprise storage architecture utilizing two sites for redundancy. In this typical scenario, IT and storage administrators are heavily involved in provisioning storage resources for an application. For every request for storage, such as in the event of a new PACS, storage administrators need to find adequate capacity, create a drive letter, provision a file system, provision RAID and LUN and present that back to the application. Every single request needs to go through this process and the result is every storage resource has a direct, 1:1 relationship with its application. Consequently, every new application results in the creation of a new storage silo. Figure 3: Traditional File-based Archiving Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 7
  • 8. To further complicate matters, storage administrators also need to provision and manage replication and backup systems and processes. Typically, this involves the use of snapshots. The file system takes rotating snapshots of the data to a local disk throughout the day and the data is backed up daily. The applications and data are also fully replicated to a redundant, secondary site. In smaller environments with a single data center and 10s of TBs of data, IT can manage effectively. Once the environment extends to multiple sites and 100’s of TBs, managing multiple replication, backup and archiving schemes gets complicated and exposes the following problems:. • Higher storage and operational costs. The complexity inherent in this approach increases operational costs. Traditional file systems are limited to 16 terabytes (TB), meaning IT needs to provision more file systems and more hardware and software to meet data growth. The additional hardware and software needed to support the environment also require more data center floor space and add to power and cooling costs. Lastly, image data is still tightly tied to the PACS and underlying storage hardware, which makes it very costly to migrate data when upgrading or replacing PACS. • Inefficient scale. Because of the complexity and manual work, it’s very difficult to scale a traditional Network Attached Storage (NAS) environment. Every new application requires a repeat of the storage provisioning tasks listed previously. • Poor resource utilization and over-provisioning. The fully redundant sites means the best outcome is 50% utilization. In truth, utilization is much lower. For example, since storage provisioning with traditional NAS is such an onerous task, a department will request 2 TB of storage capacity for a new application, even if they only need 1 TB. And the storage administrators, also aware of how difficult it is to provision storage, will provision 3 to 4 TB to avoid having to provision more capacity sooner than anticipated. The result is 3 to 4 TB of storage dedicated to an application that only needs 1TB. Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 8
  • 9. Increased risk. The use of snapshots is commonplace, but can introduce risk in the case of medical images. If a file system is corrupted, rotating snapshots can result in overwritten or lost data. The amount of data that could be lost is significant. The average image size is 100 megabytes and there are approximately 3000 image studies per GB. If 3 TBs are lost, that can impact about 30,000 patient records. Imagine having to rescan 30,000 patients! Even if the data is recoverable from backup the downtime can have significant clinical impact. Inopportune data unavailability could mean rescheduling a procedure or an additional night in a hospital bed. Object Storage: A Step Forward for Medical Image Archiving The rapid growth of unstructured data like images and the complexity and scalability concerns of traditional file systems led many healthcare organizations to adopt a fundamentally different approach for medical image archiving. Content addressed storage (CAS) was pioneered by EMC with the launch of EMC Centera in 2002 as a storage platform more suited for storing and retrieving unstructured content, or, objects. CAS replaces the hierarchical addressing scheme of file systems with a flat addressing scheme. Data and its associated metadata are stored as objects. This fundamentally different architecture has had a profound effect on archiving in general, and on medical image archiving in particular. Figure 4: CAS and Object-based Archiving with EMC Centera PACS PACS MRI CT Rad Card Lab lab CA CA Objects have metadata which is used to store, identify, locate, secure, and authenticate data. And every object has a unique digital fingerprint called a content address (CA). Applications don’t have to access the storage system to access data. The application only needs the address of the object. Regardless of where the object physically resides, the storage system can retrieve the data. This improves application and storage performance and enables multiple applications to use the same archive. The bottom line is that object storage systems such as Centera, due to the nature of object storage and a flat addressing scheme can scale much more easily with much easier management and administration. Content authenticity is guaranteed and stored objects can be Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 9
  • 10. accessed by applications via the CAS API. This removes the tight coupling of applications, operating systems and file systems that tie data tightly to applications and make it challenging to scale. As evidence of this success of CAS, EMC Centera accounts for approximately 53% market share of storage systems used for medical image archiving. There is a great deal of value in investing in CAS and modern storage infrastructure. For many, however, these investments alone will not address the long-term strategic challenges posed by the future of healthcare IT, new healthcare regulatory initiatives, and the unending growth of image data. Object-based storage, Centera in particular, has transformed archiving over the last decade. Centera excels at medical image archiving and compliance but the growth in data and the number of PACS continues unabated. Healthcare organizations add more imaging centers to keep pace with demand and consolidation through merger and acquisition results in larger hospital networks with dozens of dispersed departmental PACS. This growth creates new challenges that CAS alone does not fix. Faced with the need to consolidate and centrally manage a growing infrastructure, IT leaders look to their current suppliers; often these are traditional NAS vendors, whose systems support departmental PACS. Having had success with a CAS platform, however, it does not make sense to go back to file- based storage for medical image archiving. Most vendors’ NAS offerings still have the same limitations today they had years ago that prompted so many healthcare organizations to adopt object-based archiving in the first place. In addition, many PACS communicate with storage via the CAS API. Given these factors, CAS and object-based storage is still the right choice. However, healthcare organizations have new needs and new scalability requirements that necessitate a change. The good news is that there is a choice that preserves and builds on the advantages of CAS and object-based storage. Healthcare organizations are increasingly turning to Vendor Neutral Archive and cloud storage. The Value of a Vendor Neutral Archive A Vendor Neutral Archive (VNA), as the name implies, is a vendor-neutral and standards-based repository of medical images. A VNA enables a healthcare organization to consolidate multiple image archives into one standard DICOM image archive that can serve any PACS. The primary value of a VNA is that DICOM image data is no longer in a proprietary format tied to a particular PACS. IT can consolidate PACS image silos and centrally manage image data. There are distinct advantages to a VNA: • Image sharing and collaboration. A VNA can ingest DICOM data from any modality over a network connection and makes images accessible to any DICOM viewer or PACS. • Eliminate data migration. Since data is in a standard, non-proprietary format, imaging department leaders can choose best-of-breed PACS without onerous data migration. Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 10
  • 11. Integration with EMR/EHR. A VNA makes it simpler for accurate medical images from multiple modalities to be part of patients’ electronic medical records. This will have a direct impact on meeting Meaningful Use Stage 2 criteria. • Improve Information Lifecycle Management (ILM). Consolidating PACS archives makes it easier to manage data centrally and apply information/image lifecycle management policies. • Improved PACS and image viewer performance. By offloading infrequently used images from the PACS storage, a VNA improves the performance of each departmental PACS. A VNA delivers image data portability and independence from departmental PACS and viewing applications. But a VNA is also vendor-neutral in terms of the storage platform used for storing and managing images. A true VNA enables the use of any storage platform. But that doesn’t mean all storage platforms are the same. To truly exploit the value and transformative potential of a VNA, healthcare organizations need a storage strategy and platform that addresses today’s tactical needs and prepares for a future of information exchange and collaboration enabled by private and public clouds. EMC Atmos Cloud Storage Platform : The Right Fit for VNA The EMC Atmos cloud storage platform builds on the foundation of CAS and object storage to deliver a cloud storage platform designed to store, manage, and protect globally distributed unstructured content at scale. Healthcare organizations have a choice of storage platforms for their VNA but Atmos is purpose-built as a cloud storage platform – whether private, public or hybrid - and provides key capabilities that efficiently store medical images and enhance the value of a Vendor Neutral Archive: • Cloud storage architecture • Meta-data driven automated policies • Multi-tenancy for secure shared resources • Instant access from any device • Federate to private or public clouds Cloud Storage Architecture Atmos features a single global namespace that presents Atmos as a single system to applications and users. Atmos’ global namespace technology enables applications or individuals to simply call up an HTTP address to gain access to storage capacity. This is especially important when the infrastructure spans multiple sites and geographies. Regardless of the physical location of the storage resource, it is just an HTTP address away. Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 11
  • 12. Figure 5: EMC Atmos Clous Storage Platform Rather than having a primary and secondary site with rotating snapshots and replication, Atmos is configured as an active/active system. The active/active architecture distributes objects across all nodes in the infrastructure. Rather than managing two redundant sites, IT manages the two sites as one system. There are no file system limitations or complex replication and backup schemes to manage. The environment can scale much more easily and provide more usable storage. IT can more easily manage a geographically distributed environment as a single system from one management interface. Metadata-driven automated policies Atmos features customizable metadata to apply automated policies for data placement and retention, protection methods, and efficiency. When certified for a VNA, the Atmos Policy Manager can apply policies based on the metadata embedded in the medical images by the VNA. DICOM tags can be passed onto Atmos from the VNA to enable Atmos to apply customizable, granular policies to automate information lifecycle management. For example, a modality such as a CT scanner can apply DICOM tags to a medical image at creation that stipulates how that data is stored and accessed. Atmos can apply a policy that keeps that image in local storage for 30 days, then automatically archives to long-term storage or to a third party storage service provider for a set number of years. Metadata also has a clinical value. Physicians and caregivers can access data based on metadata. Storage administrators can use listable metadata tags to easily index similar items. For example, a data query can examine the stored objects to find the one of interest. Healthcare workers could access all medical records from a specific patient or all patients diagnosed with heart arrhythmia or all patients with heart arrhythmia using an experimental anti-arrhythmic Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 12
  • 13. medication. Data-driven, automated policies and the use of metadata help healthcare organizations manage medical images more effectively, reduce operational costs and can provide caregivers with better patient diagnoses and treatment information. Multi-tenancy for secure shared resources Atmos supports multiple tenants all sharing the same underlying infrastructure, while ensuring that all data is kept separate and secure. Unlike a traditional file system, the user has no knowledge of the physical location of their stored data (nor do they care). A large hospital or Integrated Delivery Network (IDN) can offer Storage-as-a-Service (StaaS); in effect, treating each member hospital or departmental imaging lab as a customer. Each modality, department, or hospital has a secure, virtual storage resource dedicated to them, but IT manages them through a single, global system. Healthcare organizations can offer Archive-as-a-Service. IT can meter usage and provide self- service capabilities so individual tenants or applications can request additional storage resources on-demand. The Atmos data access API provides hooks directly from an application to the Atmos storage infrastructure. If an application requires additional storage, Atmos can provision automatically without IT involvement. If it is only a temporary need, the added capacity is automatically returned to the infrastructure and made available to another application. It’s efficient and eliminates over-provisioning and underutilization. Instant access from any device Atmos supports a broad range of access methods to support development and deployment of packaged or custom-built applications. In effect, Atmos is an application-agnostic archive. Many healthcare organizations will interact with Atmos through pre-integrated PACS applications. But they also have the option of using Atmos Web Services interfaces (REST and SOAP), which allow ubiquitous, scalable and full featured access to Atmos. The primary benefit is that healthcare organizations no longer need multiple viewers to access and see medical images. Most of the Atmos VNA Partners use the Atmos REST API. Support for these web services protocols makes medical images stored in Atmos available to new Web- based and mobile applications. Access via mobile devices will become a more frequent use case as the point of care can be wherever the patient is. In addition to REST and SOAP, healthcare organizations can also provide access to Atmos as a mounted drive via the Atmos Installable File System (Linux) and traditional file system interfaces like NFS (Network File System for Linux) or CIFS (Common Internet File System for Windows). Not only is Atmos the right architectural fit for medical image archiving but the use of traditional file system interfaces makes it a fit for consolidating multiple application archives and managing them as one single system. Federate to private or public clouds Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 13
  • 14. The rich policy management features of EMC Atmos enable healthcare organizations to federate their private cloud data with Atmos-powered public cloud service providers. For example, an image study may be old and of little further value, but compliance dictates that a hospital retain the data for an additional 10 years or, in some cases, indefinitely. The hospital can set a policy that automatically moves the image study to one of over forty Atmos-enabled cloud storage service providers. This gives storage administrators additional flexibility to store data in the most cost-effective fashion and according to policy. And they can do that while still managing both the private and public cloud resources as a single system. In the longer term, this ability to federate to other Atmos-powered clouds will give healthcare organizations a head start at participating in private and public health information exchanges. An IDN can create competitive differentiation by virtue of an information strategy that facilitates information exchange, collaboration and efficiency that leads to better patient experiences and outcomes. The Synergy of Vendor Neutral Archive and EMC Atmos Cloud Storage Platform Figure 6 illustrates the synergistic relationship of VNA and EMC Atmos. Together, VNA and EMC Atmos enable healthcare organizations to not only reduce storage and archive costs, but to begin the journey towards a world of personalized medicine. The EMC Atmos cloud storage platform is optimized for VNAs so healthcare IT departments can provide secure, anywhere access to medical images on any device at the point of care. VNA and Atmos combine to deliver financial, operational and clinical benefits. Figure 6: Vendor Neutral Archive and EMC Atmos Cloud Storage Platform VNA and Atmos Deliver Financial, Operational and Clinical Benefits Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 14
  • 15. The synergies of VNA and Atmos manifest financially, operationally and clinically (Figure 7). Consolidating individual PACS into one system and multiple archive storage silos into one global archive reduces management overhead and the many manual tasks associated with proprietary data and traditional file systems. Atmos reduces much of the tedious file system management tasks and obviates the need for dedicated backup and replication systems. The result is that VNA and Atmos can reduce medical image archiving total cost of ownership upwards of 30% in the following ways: • Application savings. The VNA reduces application software costs by enabling healthcare organizations to reduce or eliminate departmental PACS applications and multiple image viewers. • Migration savings. A VNA eliminates the dependency between image data and the PACS applications. Storage administrators no longer have expensive data migrations to execute when they purchase or upgrade a PACS. • Storage savings. EMC Atmos healthcare customers reported that they’ve been able to increase storage density 3x. That translates to lower hardware and software costs, more efficient use of data center space, and reduced power and cooling costs. • Storage IT savings. IT can simply offer archive capacity as a service to tenants within their organization. Gone are the manually intensive and costly tasks of provisioning storage and managing a complex, heterogeneous storage infrastructure. The combination of VNA and Atmos make it much more efficient to manage image data from creation to the end of its useful life (EOL). Hospitals get more value out of existing PACS investments and can improve their performance as a result of offloading seldom-used PACS data from the image cache to the Atmos storage platform. Performance is also improved due to RESTful integration that allows certified VNA applications to initiate multi-threaded reads and writes to Atmos in parallel. The cost savings and efficiency alone are motivation enough in many industries. However, healthcare is unique in that IT investments very often have to demonstrate direct clinical benefit. Together, VNA and Atmos consolidate and standardize medical image capture and accessibility. The bottom line is that VNA and Atmos are foundational to making every medical image study available anywhere on any device at the point of care with appropriate security controls. Better image accessibility and better information lead to better patient outcomes. Figure 7: The Synergies of Vendor Neutral Archive and EMC Atmos Benefits Vendor Neutral Archive EMC Atmos Financial – Reduce the cost • Consolidate individual PACS archives into • Single global namespace provides a more of storing and accessing one system efficient, unlimited scale, modern storage medical image data • Lower TCO than heterogeneous PACS platform • Extend lifetime of existing PACS • Automated backup and disaster recovery investments • Lower total cost to archive • Increased storage density = lower TCO Operational – more • Achieve sophisticated Information • Meta data, policy driven clinical information efficiently manage image Lifecycle Management (ILM) lifecycle Management (ILM) data and storage from • Leverage existing PACS investments and • Integration of DICOM tags and Atmos meta creation to EOL Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 15
  • 16. improve PACS performance data • End perpetual migrations • Multi-tenancy to make storage available as a service • Federate to public cloud Clinical – Image data • Make image data available across • Anywhere access to image data via REST, available anytime, departments and PACS HTTPS anywhere improves the • Integration with EHR/EMR • Meta-data driven data access patient experience and • Federate and connect to future HIEs. efficiency of care delivery Case Study: Kettering Health Network Improves Medical Imaging Flow Kettering Health Network is a non-profit healthcare network covering the Dayton, OH area. Kettering’s network includes 8 hospitals, over 60 other medical facilities, 8000 employees, 1200 physicians, and 1000 volunteers. Kettering grew from four hospitals to eight and needed their technology to scale in line with the increasing number of procedures and data they create. Kettering set out to consolidate their siloed, proprietary PACs. As they were growing, they needed their information systems to interact better with each other. Kettering had 3 radiology PACS and 3 cardiology PACS and creates a million image studies per year that need to be retained for 5 to 10 years. Their goal was to consolidate the multiple systems into one location and point their EMR system to that one, consolidated image archive. That way, physicians and other caregivers could access images without having a complex workflow that required 3 separate logins to get the data they needed. Kettering chose VNA and Atmos cloud storage. Now, Kettering is able to get images quickly and securely into imaging and viewing applications, manage everything centrally, share those images across the environment, and provide a better experience to their 1200 physicians. As further validation of the benefit of Atmos and VNA, Kettering acquired a hospital that had their own set of PACS. Kettering was able to migrate the acquired hospital’s systems and integrate them into the Atmos environment within six months. In addition, Atmos has been much less expensive to manage. As a result Kettering can keep data online that would have otherwise gone to tape sooner. “We were able to provide images and drop their turnaround time from 8 hours to only a couple hours and often under an hour.” William Hall, Imaging Applications Coordinator Kettering Health Network Conclusion Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 16
  • 17. Individually, Vendor Neutral Archiving and Atmos cloud storage each have financial and operational benefits. VNA consolidates individual PACS archives into one system. EMC Atmos consolidates multiple file-based archive storage silos into one, global archive. However, the value of VNA and Atmos together is far greater than the sum of their individual capabilities. The bottom line is simple connectivity – how to move and translate data from one environment to another as part of the diagnostic process. And consolidate image repositories and links to displays or dashboards with analytics. Cloud infrastructure facilitates this data mobility and works in tandem with VNA to consolidate image repositories and facilitate information access and exchange. Healthcare organizations and delivery networks can reduce the complexity and cost of their heterogeneous PACS environments and build efficiencies that make organic growth and growth by acquisition manageable and profitable. VNA and Atmos make IT more efficient and enable IT leaders to shift resources from repetitive operational tasks to more value-adding technology initiatives aligned with their organization’s mission. VNA and Atmos facilitate information sharing and image availability across modalities and the organization to reduce costs, make caregivers more productive, and improve the quality and safety of patient care. VNA and Atmos serve as a foundation on which to build healthcare clouds that facilitate the journey to truly personalized medicine. To learn more about the Atmos product family, see http://www.emc.com/atmos Medical Image Archiving and Cloud Storage 17