.....a “Biological Marvel” for its tunneling engineering skill to build its subterranean
residential abode. Burrowing and irrigation activities of the shrimp must exert significant influence on increased oxygenation,
decomposition of organic materials in sediments and on nutrient recycling from the sediment. .....
This PPT give us information about Palaeobiogeographical provinces it is helpful for our study. This PPT made up by me because of this ia my presentation topic. And i also share on this platform for many students have been helpful for her study.
Dr. Mangesh Dagwal ppt on Paleobotany lecture for UG studentsDr.Mangesh Dagawal
Power point is prepared for UG students of Botany based on Paleobotany- Fossils and Fossilization.
Dr Mangesh Dagawal, Head , Department of Botany ,
Smt. Radhabai Sarda College, Anjangaon Surji Dist. Amravati.
Paleobotany definition for fossils , ten different types of fossils like amber mold and casts chemical fossils compression impression petrification microfossils macrofossils pseudofossils index fossils coal and fossilization were explained with different photos and explanation
In this presentation you will get to know about aspects of paleobotany, about coal and petroleum exploration and its extraction and how paleobotany is related to coal and petroleum.
This PPT give us information about Palaeobiogeographical provinces it is helpful for our study. This PPT made up by me because of this ia my presentation topic. And i also share on this platform for many students have been helpful for her study.
Dr. Mangesh Dagwal ppt on Paleobotany lecture for UG studentsDr.Mangesh Dagawal
Power point is prepared for UG students of Botany based on Paleobotany- Fossils and Fossilization.
Dr Mangesh Dagawal, Head , Department of Botany ,
Smt. Radhabai Sarda College, Anjangaon Surji Dist. Amravati.
Paleobotany definition for fossils , ten different types of fossils like amber mold and casts chemical fossils compression impression petrification microfossils macrofossils pseudofossils index fossils coal and fossilization were explained with different photos and explanation
In this presentation you will get to know about aspects of paleobotany, about coal and petroleum exploration and its extraction and how paleobotany is related to coal and petroleum.
1) You need to attended two shows, they shows are only 15 minute.docxmonicafrancis71118
1) You need to attended two shows, they shows are only 15 minutes long. For each show seen you need to write a paragraph summarizing the shows you saw.
The first show we attended was hard to understand what diver is trying to say, they mention it also because the water of that tank is so chili. The diver mentioned that a lot of species are living in this tank, which some are benthic and some are pelagic organisms. They mostly talked about the pelagic organisms in that tank. They chose white sea bass as far as giant sea bass and briefly explain about them. There were thousands of sardines and between them the diver point to the fish called half-moon which it was bigger and silver moon. Half-moons are the feeder of red and green algae, also they can eat some small invertebrates like sponges, crustaceans, and anemones. We were told about the giant bass history in Santa Barbara island, which the scientist didn’t see the organism approximately for forty years but the person who was carrying out the show saw it. She mentioned that scientist by creating a space for these organisms in about thirty or forty years in the nice protected area in the ocean to have no pressure in hunting not even boat driving, they wait for a long time for this species to coming back to protected area and scientists of all over California taking pictures of those animals. The diver also talked about the spots of giant sea bass that we could see on the side of fish that they are specific each and individual.
At the end, he said white sea bass are more open ocean than giant sea bass.
The second show we attended was more interesting for me than the first one. We explored bunch of animal that live there, and talked about some of the organisms that are important and have right force in everything on that tank. We waited for diver to join us to communicate with him. He worn a special mask that allowed him to talk with us. The presenter talked the way that they feed animals, which it was so interesting, the diver goes to target animals and feed them to get the proper diet. The diver mentioned there are six hundred different fishes are living in this tank. The exhibit was so big with 350000 gallons of water. There were two species of shark in that specific exhibit, but they were not like hunting sharks as we see in television. There was an animal that shark close related to which is ray. We saw a diver was feeding those new rays. Rays are related to sharks but they look different. The fishes live in that tank were bony fish and have skeleton. One of them was napoleon wrasse. This organism has a unique adaptation, they all are female and they can change itself to male which this transformation takes about a year. Looks like the name of this fish comes up from the shape it has, because there is a bump on its head that’s why calling it a napoleon wrasse. Bubbles also are another bony fish, that loves to be part of presentation. This fish loves the bubbles and for entire presentation.
The Ambassadors of the Environment program at The Ritz-Carlton, Kapalua is available to hotel guests as well as the surrounding community. Located on the northwest coast of the beautiful island of Maui, the second youngest island in the Hawaiian archipelago, this site is ideal for exploring the natural wonders of Hawaii’s coral reefs, tide pools, marine mammals, coastal bluffs, and rainforests.
ADAPTATION OF MARINE ORGANISMS TO DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTJaneAlamAdnan
Adaptation is an evolutionary process whereby an organism becomes increasingly well suited to living in a particular habitat. It is not a quick process! Natural selection over many generations results in helpful traits becoming more common in a population. This occurs because individuals with these traits are better adapted to the environment and therefore more likely to survive and breed. Adaptation is also a common term to describe these helpful or adaptive traits. In other words, an adaptation is a feature of an organism that enables it to live in a particular habitat.
Similar to Importance of the ecological study of burrowing mud shrimp in inter-tidal areas of Sundarbans (20)
Proceedings of Trans-boundary Sundarban workshop (October 3 to 6, 2012)WWF-India
A two-day trans-boundary workshop cum meeting
on conservation of the pristine ecosystem of Sundarban
across India and Bangladesh was organized on
board MV Paramahansa while cruising from Kolkata to
Sundarban and back during 3-6 October 2012. The endeavour was supported by the World Bank supported
Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Project
by the Department of Environment, Government
of West Bengal in association with non-profits WWF-India
and Environment Governed Integrated Organisation
(EnGIO).
The main objective of the meeting was to cater
the formation of a Sundarban Stakeholder Network
consisting of independent experts, organizations,
academic and business institutes, media and other
relevant professional outfits; supplemented by relevant
government departments/organizations. Sundarban
Stakeholder Network proposes to play a pivotal role in
finding a bouquet of trans-boundary and transformative
solutions for conserving the unique natural heritage, and
to usher in sustainable development in the eco-region.
Dynamics of natural phytoplankton assemblages in the Indian Sundarbans assemb...WWF-India
Shift in phytoplankton community structure strongly linked with physico-chemical parameters.
Re-appearance of Triceratium sp.(polyhaline, indicating salinity tolerance) across sampling locations.
Importance of the ecological study of burrowing mud shrimp in inter-tidal areas of Sundarbans
1. IMPORTANCE OF ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE BURROWING MUD SHRIMP Thalassina anomala (HERBST, 1804)
(DECAPODA:THALASSINIDEA) IN THE INTERTIDAL MANGROVE MUDFLAT OF DELTAIC SUNDARBANS.
Sourabh Kumar Dubey*, Amalesh Choudhury**
*sourabhkumardb@gmail.com, ** amalesh_choudhury@yahoo.com
S.D. Marine Biological Research Institute, Sagar Island, Sundarbans, West Bengal, India.
Abstract
Members of the mud shrimp species Thalassina anomala (Herbst) are the most common decapods crustaceans shy and nocturnal, are often found to dominate the littoral mudflats of Sundarbans. Ecologically they are recognized as the 'friends
of mangrove' and a 'Biological Marvel' of the system. They turn up the deep soil to the surface by regular night shift burrowing exercise and help to import aerated tidal water in the burrows 2 to 2.5 meter deep. Shrimps, looking almost like
scorpion, have extra ordinary morphological adaptation and structural changes and completely resort to detritivore diet. Being thigmotactic and nocturnal, it seldom exposes to atmospheric oxygen and forms its palace underground with a
central chamber having 5 to 6 radiated tunnels opening to the surface covered with earth mounds. The shrimp displays its engineering skill of bioturbation in tunneling. During tunneling the shrimp feeds on the mud packed with detritus and
derived its required micronutrients. Being mud dwelling and mud eating its respiratory and food manipulating apparatus underwent preformed transformations which demands intensive investigation. Thalassinid burrow associates comprising
mieo and micro organism also provide good subject of study of species specific interaction, exchanging of materials between associate partners. The other most important behavior of the mother shrimp is the release of developed juveniles in
the adjacent creek waters from its abdominal pleopods basket during the outbreak of first monsoon leading a short pelagic life.
Introduction
Deltaic Sundarbans of coastal West Bengal shelters the largest mangrove chunk, a “World Heritage Site” and a Biodiversity Hotspot of global interest. Mangrove canopy, mangrove floor substratum, coastal sand and mudflats, salt marshes and
inshore and offshore mangrove wetlands are packed up with myriad of benthic fauna, macro-, mieo- and micro-, a majority of them are burrowing. Entire mangrove habitat is inundated twice in twenty four hours by tidal waters with varying
intensity of salinity through seasons. The thalassinidean shrimps are a ubiquitous component of burrowing megafauna in marine and estuarine sediments but due to their elusive lifestyle and the deep and complex nature of their burrows these
and other megafaunal species have often been overlooked by traditional sampling techniques. Thalassina anomala (Herbst), a thalassinid decapod crustacean is a deep burrowing euryhaline mud shrimp. As a permanent residential infauna of
Sundarbans mangrove littoral mudflats, it is of immense interest of mangrove naturalists. The scorpion like mud shrimp also known as ghost shrimp is really a “Biological Marvel” for its tunneling engineering skill to build its subterranean
residential abode. Burrows are used for shelter, reproduction and feeding except for a brief pelagic larval stage. (Griffis & Suchanek 1991). During its daily nocturnal exercise, it upturns the sub soil forming earthen mound excavation on the
surface substratum, fertilizing unknowingly the top soil charged with mangrove based innumerable rhizospheric microbes. Because of their cryptic life style, the natural history of these organisms has not been well investigated. The difficulties in
capturing specimens and observing them in situ in laboratory are such that many aspects of their biology are poorly understood and unknown.
Materials and Methods admirable adaptation for escape. Those on the body all point toward the anterior end and when in the grasp of an enemy
serve to prevent the body from slipping forward but facilitate movement in the opposite direction. It is surprising how hard
Live samples were collected from different study sites of North and South
it is hold animal that pushes hand forward fractionally with its legs; the spines do not allow the fingers to regain their hold
Sagar Island. Burrow morphology were studied by 'archeological method' of
easily. Hence Thalassina often slips to the ground and backs into the nearest burrows.
burrow excavation which involves direct observation of the burrow features
Bio association Biogenic structures (burrows) of benthic organisms have been shown to have contrasting effects on
and bio associates while carefully removing by layer of sediments.
infauna enhancing the presence of smaller infauna by providing suitable micro habitat in sediment depth. This process
Observation Excavated mud; key to identification terms accommodations, is one of the major promotive interactions structuring benthic communities. Thalassinidean
Respiration It evolved intricate gill cleaning apparatus just below the burrows can (may) provide refuge from predation and facilitate larval settlement. Among the associates, various
branchiostagite membrane to ensure its respiratory perfection from the categories of macro infauna (Echiurus, Pea Crabs, Isopods, small Lamellebrachs), mieofauna (small annelids,
constant mud bath during tunneling. Various rows of setae on the legs and gills nematodes, trematodes etc.) and microfauna (Protozoans and micronematodes.) are found. The interactions may be
are used for prevent sediment from reaching the gills and for expelling any are complex and the burrow host can exert contradictory effects on associated fauna. More studies are needed to
which does reach them. Thalassina anomala also makes use of 'respiratory elucidate the deeper realms of the thalassinidean burrows that still remain cryptic.
reversal' to keep the gill free of dirt. Discussion
Feeding apparatus and mechanism As the animal feeds detritus rich mud, Thalassinideans are the most extra ordinary and proficient diggers among burrowing decapods crustaceans. It
the mud particles are meticulously manipulated and sorted out by very constructs unique burrows of extreme architectural and functional complexity that influence the whole sedimentology
specialized mouth apparatuses namely –mandible and mandibular palp, 1st & and geochemistry of the mangrove bed. Aside from brief pelagic larval stage most species reside within the burrow for
2nd maxilla and 1st , 2nd maxilliped & 3rd maxilliped. These apparatuses are the duration of lives. They depend on burrows for shelter, protection from predators, feeding and reproduction.
marvelously modified functional anatomy providing successive selected Burrowing and irrigation activities of the shrimp must exert significant influence on increased oxygenation,
grades of setal sieves. Through these animated sieve apparatus finest food Various rows of setae on the legs decomposition of organic materials in sediments and on nutrient recycling from the sediment. In the sediment, benthic
particles impregnated with organic micronutrients are passed through gut. animals produce ammonium and phosphate directly as excreted metabolites and these essential nutrients recycle to
Functional morphology of burrows is related with tropic modes of the animal. the water column, sustaining primary production in the upper layers.
Burrow construction and burrowing behavior This endobenthic and Conservation of these burrowing shrimp communities requires thorough understanding of their life histories, habitat
probably bearing solitary mode of habit, Thalassina rely on self constructed dependencies, symbiotic relationships and population responses to environmental perturbations.
The scorpion Mud Lobster,Thalassina anomala burrows for a wide variety of mud including shelter, reproduction and feeding.
Except for a larval phase which may be pelagic, most Thalassinidean shrimp
spread their life within the burrows. Thalassina burrows with the first legs, the
dactyls of these appendages being used somewhat like trowels to pull the dirt
loose. The animal works a load free and then carries the mass before it to the
mouth of the burrow. The load is carried in the first legs between the dactyl and
the propodus, and it may be supported below to some extent by the second
legs which are held in a horizontal position. The first two pairs of legs form a sort Burrow architecture
of basket which is an admirable instrument for sweeping all loose mud before
the animal as it moves through its burrow. The loads of the mud are dumped at
the mouth of the hole, the first legs being stretched forward while the sticky
mass is pushed from them with the second legs. It tunnels 5 to 7 feet having 10
to 13 cm periphery with many multiple 'U' and 'Y' gallery branching with vertical Air, surface and burrow temperature of study sites (2010) Flood water temperature, salinity and water pH of the study sites (2010)
and helical vertical shaft ended with a central chamber. Reproductive burrows Reference
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The Thalassina is extremely shy, most of the burrows are closed during the day, Thalassinidea). Mar Ecol Prog Ser 79:171-183
but more them are open on rainy or cloudy days than when whether is clear. Meyers MB, Fussing H, Powell EN (1987) Microdistribution of interstitial meiofauna, oxygen and sulfide gradients, and
When handled or placed on the ground this crustacean is slow moving and Female Females bear bushy
the tubes of macro-infauna. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 35:223-241
cautious rather than pugnacious, attempting to hide or creep away. It is pleopods to form the breeding Nickel1 LA, Atkinson RJA (1995) Functional morphology of burrows and tropic modes of three thalassinidean shrimp
apparently nocturnal or becomes active in the twilight. Though Thalassina basket to carry the fertilized species, and a new approach to the classification of thalassinidean burrow morphology. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 128:181-197
depends largely on its secretive habit to protect it from its foes, ones it is hand of eggs and the juveniles. Zenon B. Batang & H. Suzuki (1999) Gill-cleaning mechanisms of the mud lobster Thalassina anomala (Decapoda:
Thalassina anomala just leaves from its burrow its enemy the many spines on the surface of the body and legs form an Thalassinidea: Thalassinidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology19 (4): 671–683.