This document summarizes a journal article about the impact of professional bodies on training and development at Nation Media Group in Kenya. It finds that professional bodies play an important role in improving employee skills and making them more effective. However, Nation Media Group lacks policies supporting training through professional bodies. There are also challenges like lack of career paths, high employee turnover, and difficulties selecting which professional bodies to partner with given the diverse professions within the company. The document recommends that Nation Media Group conduct training needs analyses, require membership in professional bodies, and establish partnerships to facilitate continual training and advance professional standards among its employees.
Fostering Entrepreneurship and Building Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy in Prim...Maurice Dawson
This paper focuses on the positives of introducing entrepreneurship education at the primary and secondary levels of education. Specifically, its central focus deals with building children’s entrepreneurial self-efficacy at a young age. Several benefits, of increasing self-efficacy at a young age, are outlined. Benefits, such as entrepreneurship training, not only train students but, it helps to prepare them for the new knowledge based economy. Further, entrepreneurship education should help increase the success and survival rates of women and minority entrepreneurs. Essential to this process, a new curriculum needs to be devised including its means of assessment. Lastly barriers to an entrepreneurship program are discussed; this includes financial, political and negative perceptions of entrepreneurship education.
Economic Gardening through Entrepreneurship Education
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Companion Planting Increases Food Production from School Gardens
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
Creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship are the seeds to economic activity and entrepreneurs are the sources of jobs in an economy. According to TiE (The IndUS Entrepreneurs, a non - profit organization, which promotes entrepreneurship), each entrepreneur creates approximately 30 jobs. Entrepreneurship helps to make the Indian market export competitive and equally contributes in making the Indian brand more acceptable. People exposed to entrepreneurship frequently express that they have more opportunity to exercise creative freedoms, higher self-esteem, and an overall greater sense of control over their own lives. But the present younger generation is not able to enjoy all these benefits. A survey done by the Entrepreneurship Development Institute, India (EDII) in 2003 shows that young people are afraid to start their own business because they are not confident, not capable, and lack knowledge in starting a business. Many people would have the opportunity to change jobs or become an entrepreneur if they are properly trained. The students in India are not confident merely with the traditional education they receive in the universities. This throws a demand for education programs specifically designed to expand students’ knowledge and experience in entrepreneurship.
Entrepreneurship education in India faces cultural and financial constraints along with insufficient government capacity and private participation. Research points to the significant impact that good entrepreneurship education can make more towards entrepreneurial success and promotes entrepreneurial culture. Hence the plethora of entrepreneurship academics and academic programs at UK and US universities. A mainstay of many of the more successful entrepreneurship programs at business schools around the world is the involvement of successful entrepreneurs whose business careers provide an invaluable part of any university student’s entrepreneurship education.
At this backdrop, this paper tries to explain the need for a comprehensive formal system of entrepreneurship education against the present scenario.
Keywords: entrepreneur, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship education
An overview of an South African approach for the advancement of entrepreneurship in-school. This critical initiative works to enable young people to become creators of jobs rather than job seekers. Youth unemployment represents a serious challenge to society and this nonprofit initiative that started in 1992 is now moving to scale. Core to this approach is effective collaboration amongst a broad range of stakeholders. The pilot of the Youth Enterprise Society (YES) clubs between 1994 and 1996 proved tremendously effective for its engagement of young people within entrepreneurship. Subsequent developments of "Simama Ranta" as well as the in-classroom syllabi component - resulted for the three components of YES clubs, Simama Ranta and Syllabi to form this approach to entrepreneurship education. It is with our own gratitude, as well as with the gratitude from thousands of learners as well as teachers, that we share this presentation with you. However, a lot of work still needs to be done to move beyond the 300 schools serviced - with the target of around 7,000 schools. Please join us and make it happen?! Our youth deserve to be enabled to build a life full of hope, courage, opportunity and to be full participants within the South African economy. It has been proven that one of the best ways to get people out of poverty is through entrepreneurship. We welcome your engagement whether it is through questions, suggestions, linkages, support or in any other manner that you choose engage.
Fostering Entrepreneurship and Building Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy in Prim...Maurice Dawson
This paper focuses on the positives of introducing entrepreneurship education at the primary and secondary levels of education. Specifically, its central focus deals with building children’s entrepreneurial self-efficacy at a young age. Several benefits, of increasing self-efficacy at a young age, are outlined. Benefits, such as entrepreneurship training, not only train students but, it helps to prepare them for the new knowledge based economy. Further, entrepreneurship education should help increase the success and survival rates of women and minority entrepreneurs. Essential to this process, a new curriculum needs to be devised including its means of assessment. Lastly barriers to an entrepreneurship program are discussed; this includes financial, political and negative perceptions of entrepreneurship education.
Economic Gardening through Entrepreneurship Education
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Companion Planting Increases Food Production from School Gardens
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
Creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship are the seeds to economic activity and entrepreneurs are the sources of jobs in an economy. According to TiE (The IndUS Entrepreneurs, a non - profit organization, which promotes entrepreneurship), each entrepreneur creates approximately 30 jobs. Entrepreneurship helps to make the Indian market export competitive and equally contributes in making the Indian brand more acceptable. People exposed to entrepreneurship frequently express that they have more opportunity to exercise creative freedoms, higher self-esteem, and an overall greater sense of control over their own lives. But the present younger generation is not able to enjoy all these benefits. A survey done by the Entrepreneurship Development Institute, India (EDII) in 2003 shows that young people are afraid to start their own business because they are not confident, not capable, and lack knowledge in starting a business. Many people would have the opportunity to change jobs or become an entrepreneur if they are properly trained. The students in India are not confident merely with the traditional education they receive in the universities. This throws a demand for education programs specifically designed to expand students’ knowledge and experience in entrepreneurship.
Entrepreneurship education in India faces cultural and financial constraints along with insufficient government capacity and private participation. Research points to the significant impact that good entrepreneurship education can make more towards entrepreneurial success and promotes entrepreneurial culture. Hence the plethora of entrepreneurship academics and academic programs at UK and US universities. A mainstay of many of the more successful entrepreneurship programs at business schools around the world is the involvement of successful entrepreneurs whose business careers provide an invaluable part of any university student’s entrepreneurship education.
At this backdrop, this paper tries to explain the need for a comprehensive formal system of entrepreneurship education against the present scenario.
Keywords: entrepreneur, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship education
An overview of an South African approach for the advancement of entrepreneurship in-school. This critical initiative works to enable young people to become creators of jobs rather than job seekers. Youth unemployment represents a serious challenge to society and this nonprofit initiative that started in 1992 is now moving to scale. Core to this approach is effective collaboration amongst a broad range of stakeholders. The pilot of the Youth Enterprise Society (YES) clubs between 1994 and 1996 proved tremendously effective for its engagement of young people within entrepreneurship. Subsequent developments of "Simama Ranta" as well as the in-classroom syllabi component - resulted for the three components of YES clubs, Simama Ranta and Syllabi to form this approach to entrepreneurship education. It is with our own gratitude, as well as with the gratitude from thousands of learners as well as teachers, that we share this presentation with you. However, a lot of work still needs to be done to move beyond the 300 schools serviced - with the target of around 7,000 schools. Please join us and make it happen?! Our youth deserve to be enabled to build a life full of hope, courage, opportunity and to be full participants within the South African economy. It has been proven that one of the best ways to get people out of poverty is through entrepreneurship. We welcome your engagement whether it is through questions, suggestions, linkages, support or in any other manner that you choose engage.
Agwu, M. E., Onwuegbuzie, H. N., & Ezeifeka, P. (2017). Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on New Ventures Creation - A Case Study. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, (425) 98-114. Available at: http://scholarpublishing.org/index.php/ASSRJ/article/view/4014
HRM in Higher Education: The Need of the Houriosrjce
Education is today looked on as a business world over, including India and the competition is getting stiff. In this
competitive scenario management of human resources in universities is just as challenging as it is in any other organization.
Though almost all universities and affiliated institutions offer courses in human resource management and train their
students to manage large corporations, they are unable to manage their own human resources effectively. This is especially
so in India where higher education is still controlled by the public sector. Most universities do not have a separate
department dedicated to performing the HR functions. This paper outlines the development of HRM from an administrative
function to a strategic one and discusses the crucial role that it has to play in institutions of higher learning. It highlights the
need for a complete revamp of HR functions of recruitment, placement, training, appraisal, compensation and employee
relations. It argues that State funded universities need to restructure themselves to create this department so that specialized
people can be employed full-time to undertake crucial Human Resource functions. Such a department dedicated exclusively
to the functions of managing human resources can become strategic to an educational institution and become a source of
competitive advantage
A Learning and Improvement Model in Entrepreneurial LeadershipIOSR Journals
Currently entrepreneurial leadership has expended and increased momentum as developingmodel of both in research and practice. Though, there is not sufficient knowledgeon the theoretical and intangible basis of this emerging area of analysisandlot of questions are raised up on how to grow entrepreneur leadershipabilities, capabilitiesprecisely in university students. The basicmotive of thistheoretical paper is to slight the gap through offering the theoretical andconceptual basics of entrepreneur leadership. This paper has also examinedvariousfeatures of entrepreneurial education in the perspective of universitygiven entrepreneur-ship programs and then projected a model for entrepreneurial-leadership enlargement. The projected model describes entrepreneurial leadershipenlargementbase on a dynamic progression of “experimental, social interactive,observational and reflective learning” which make available a base for entrepreneur leadership exercise, enlightenment and research.
Corporate culture can be defined as the values, norms, attitudes and behavior patterns, that are shared within an organization [Herzog, 2011]. Corporate culture can be seen as the personality of a company that influences people's behavior within the organization, regardless of size and field of action
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
A Comparative Study of Certain Administrative and Academic Aspects of Minorit...IOSR Journals
Abstract: The last three decades or so, it is found that there have certain disputes arising out of functioning of
such institutions established by the Minorities. Some of these disputes are even taken to the courts of law and
adjunction arising out of these disputes have had some impact. In this view it appears important to take stock of
situation in a dispassionate manner. This therefore appears to be good researchable problem as to how minority
Institutions are properly using or misusing the immunities guarented to them by legislation under the
constitutional provision and also adjucations pronounced in their favour to interpret their immunities and
benefits.
An In-depth Analysis of the Entrepreneurship Education in the
Philippines: An Initiative Towards the Development of a
Framework for a Professional Teaching Competency Program for
Entrepreneurship Educators
Maria Luisa B. Gatchalian
International Inter-institutional Partnerships in Higher Tourism Education: ...World-Academic Journal
Though internationalization of higher education is now well documented in the developed nations, there is a dearth of literature in this area in Africa. In Kenya, the few studies available focus on inter-institutional partnerships between higher institutions of learning offering tourism education and so little is known about these partnerships. And yet Kenya being a leading tourist destination in Africa, it has increased engagements with other parts of the world including academic partnerships motivated by its position in tourism. Consequently, Kenyan universities have introduced academic programs in tourism and hospitality which are now attracting more inter-institutional partnerships. Using the case of Moi University, this study seeks to establish the extent to which staff and student exchanges resulting from these partnerships serve the interest of the collaborating departments in Kenyan universities.
Agwu, M. E., Onwuegbuzie, H. N., & Ezeifeka, P. (2017). Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on New Ventures Creation - A Case Study. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, (425) 98-114. Available at: http://scholarpublishing.org/index.php/ASSRJ/article/view/4014
HRM in Higher Education: The Need of the Houriosrjce
Education is today looked on as a business world over, including India and the competition is getting stiff. In this
competitive scenario management of human resources in universities is just as challenging as it is in any other organization.
Though almost all universities and affiliated institutions offer courses in human resource management and train their
students to manage large corporations, they are unable to manage their own human resources effectively. This is especially
so in India where higher education is still controlled by the public sector. Most universities do not have a separate
department dedicated to performing the HR functions. This paper outlines the development of HRM from an administrative
function to a strategic one and discusses the crucial role that it has to play in institutions of higher learning. It highlights the
need for a complete revamp of HR functions of recruitment, placement, training, appraisal, compensation and employee
relations. It argues that State funded universities need to restructure themselves to create this department so that specialized
people can be employed full-time to undertake crucial Human Resource functions. Such a department dedicated exclusively
to the functions of managing human resources can become strategic to an educational institution and become a source of
competitive advantage
A Learning and Improvement Model in Entrepreneurial LeadershipIOSR Journals
Currently entrepreneurial leadership has expended and increased momentum as developingmodel of both in research and practice. Though, there is not sufficient knowledgeon the theoretical and intangible basis of this emerging area of analysisandlot of questions are raised up on how to grow entrepreneur leadershipabilities, capabilitiesprecisely in university students. The basicmotive of thistheoretical paper is to slight the gap through offering the theoretical andconceptual basics of entrepreneur leadership. This paper has also examinedvariousfeatures of entrepreneurial education in the perspective of universitygiven entrepreneur-ship programs and then projected a model for entrepreneurial-leadership enlargement. The projected model describes entrepreneurial leadershipenlargementbase on a dynamic progression of “experimental, social interactive,observational and reflective learning” which make available a base for entrepreneur leadership exercise, enlightenment and research.
Corporate culture can be defined as the values, norms, attitudes and behavior patterns, that are shared within an organization [Herzog, 2011]. Corporate culture can be seen as the personality of a company that influences people's behavior within the organization, regardless of size and field of action
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
A Comparative Study of Certain Administrative and Academic Aspects of Minorit...IOSR Journals
Abstract: The last three decades or so, it is found that there have certain disputes arising out of functioning of
such institutions established by the Minorities. Some of these disputes are even taken to the courts of law and
adjunction arising out of these disputes have had some impact. In this view it appears important to take stock of
situation in a dispassionate manner. This therefore appears to be good researchable problem as to how minority
Institutions are properly using or misusing the immunities guarented to them by legislation under the
constitutional provision and also adjucations pronounced in their favour to interpret their immunities and
benefits.
An In-depth Analysis of the Entrepreneurship Education in the
Philippines: An Initiative Towards the Development of a
Framework for a Professional Teaching Competency Program for
Entrepreneurship Educators
Maria Luisa B. Gatchalian
International Inter-institutional Partnerships in Higher Tourism Education: ...World-Academic Journal
Though internationalization of higher education is now well documented in the developed nations, there is a dearth of literature in this area in Africa. In Kenya, the few studies available focus on inter-institutional partnerships between higher institutions of learning offering tourism education and so little is known about these partnerships. And yet Kenya being a leading tourist destination in Africa, it has increased engagements with other parts of the world including academic partnerships motivated by its position in tourism. Consequently, Kenyan universities have introduced academic programs in tourism and hospitality which are now attracting more inter-institutional partnerships. Using the case of Moi University, this study seeks to establish the extent to which staff and student exchanges resulting from these partnerships serve the interest of the collaborating departments in Kenyan universities.
In this paper, the impact of stock market reforms is analyzed on foreign portfolio investment. Time series data is collected on these variables and correlation and regression test is applied on this data. E-views version 7 is used to analyze the data. Correlation shows positive relationship between variable which suggest that reforms are deriving factors of foreign investment. Results show the positive relationship between SMR and FPI.
Cost Overrun Causes Related to the Design Phase in the Egyptian Construction ...World-Academic Journal
Cost overrun is one of the most common problems that threaten any construction project. As the Design phase is responsible for many critical decisions, many of cost overrun causes are related to such phase. This paper aims to identify the most significant causes of cost overrun related to the design phase in the Egyptian construction industry from the point of view of owners, consultant, designers, project managers and contractors. A list of cost overrun causes related to the design phase collected through an extensive literature review, main causes were adapted to the Egyptian construction industry through seven semi-structured interviews. The resultant list was submitted to a questionnaire survey for the impact and frequency quantitative evaluation. the results of the research is expected to help the participants in the design phase to develop more optimized design and avoid the most usual flaws that could led to cost overruns.
Supply Chain Efficiency Evaluation: A Contemporary Theoretical ModelWorld-Academic Journal
Supply chain management has gained a prodigious amount of attention from both practitioners and industriessince the last decade. Until now, there are many articles, and dissertations that address supply chain management, but there is still a lack of integration between the current efficiency evaluation methods and practical requisites for the supply chain management. A contemporary efficiency evaluation method is proposed to provide necessary support for efficiency improvement in supply chain management. The proposed method will address this aim in the
following main aspects: a basic supply chain model; concrete and unconcrete efficiency measurement in various dimensions; a cross-organizational efficiency evaluation; and weighted average and fuzzy set theory method.
Exploring trends of tourism demand from the past is essential in measuring the different tourism movement volatility which occurred either nature or man-made. This study analyzes the volatility of tourism demand by data mining tourist numbers arriving in Hong Kong from 1999 to 2010. Eight different markets will be examined, both short haul and long haul, to compare and contrast the characteristic tourist profile and the behavior and attitude changes of each market according to the volume of visitors that come to Hong Kong. There have been significant changes over the past 12 years in different countries with some positive and negative impacts from natural disasters, an economic crisis and mega-events. This paper will compare and contrast different markets and analyze the tourism demand with regards to volatility in relation to the profile characteristics, spending pattern behaviors with tourist’s satisfaction level.
Gabon Corridors Performance Evaluation: New Strategic Approach Based-Supply C...World-Academic Journal
This paper is aimed at evaluating Gabonese corridors’ supply chain and transport logistics efficiency. The main purposes of this paper are to: (a) carry out investigations and develop enabling environment strategies; (b) suggest a strategy for boosting investment to ameliorate efficiencies. The scope of the measurement includes: supply chain efficiency (corridor infrastructure; enabling environment; stakeholders; the transport industry) and transport logistic. The principal objective of this study is to help the Gabonese Government in developing the strategic plan for the Gabonese corridors. Results from the present study obviously show that the inter-connection between the enabling environment (road, transport industry services, port and rail transport infrastructure, and the level of services) available to stakeholders have all combined to have an unfavorable effect on transport logistics services in the Gabonese corridors.
Sustainability of Microfinance: A Case of Tea SACCOs in Kericho, Buret and Bo...World-Academic Journal
Tea SACCOs are tea based rural SACCOs formed by tea growers, whose functions are to keep member’s savings in form of shares, savings accounts and deposit accounts among others. Little is known about the factors influencing financial sustainability of Tea SACCOs. The study covered all six Tea SACCOs in Kericho, Bomet and Buret districts in the Rift valley province of Kenya. Analysis involved evaluating growth in net worth, administrative efficiency, loan portfolio quality, staff productivity and transaction costs. The study found that the growth of net assets had been on the decline over the years, loan portfolio was poor and default rates were high. According to the indicators evaluated, Tea SACCOs had not yet reached their full potential in outreach and that high transaction costs hindered their financial sustainability.
Exposure to solar radiation can have positive effects on the human body, but it can also cause damages and melanoma is the most significant among those. The aim of the present study was to gather information about the effects of solar radiation on the human body and to update available knowledge in accordance with new international data. A systematic literature review took place and included both Greek and international books, articles, studies and related papers on the internet (PubMed, Cinahl, Scopus and Iatrotek databases), published from 1998 to this day. Dissertations and “gray literature” (e.g. conference proceedings) were not included in this study. The following terms (“Ultraviolet radiation, skin cancer, sun, sun exposure, electromagnetic spectrum, conjunctiva, cataract, squamous cell cancer , basal cell cancer, cutaneous melanoma”) were used as key-words. UVR may have an impact on the human body according to wavelength. UVA and UVB exposure may cause photoaging and sunburns, and UVC may induce DNA mutations leading to skin cancer. Ozone is the main protective mechanism since it absorbs most of UVR. Ozone layer depletion in the last decades has lead to increased rates of sun-related damages. Most significant damages include cataract and skin damages such as photoaging and skin cancers. Among skin cancers, melanoma has the highest incidence in ever younger ages reducing life expectancy.
A good part of the international literature focuses on primary prevention measures and interventions that include mole monitoring.
An Assessment of the role of Financial literacy on Performance of Small and M...World-Academic Journal
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of the financial literacy education on performance of small and micro enterprises in Njoro District where the program was implemented since 2011. The study investigated the financial literacy skills imparted, and their role on performance of small scale enterprises. Specific objectives of the study were: to establish how book keeping skills influence performance of MSEs under that EGF financial literacy programme in Njoro District, to establish the effects of credit management skills on performance of SMEs under EGF financial literacy programme in Njoro District and to find out how budgeting skills affect performance of SMEs under that EGF financial literacy programme in Njoro District. Descriptive survey research design was used to guide the study. The target population for the study was 467 beneficiaries of equity group foundation project in Njoro District. A sample size of 82 was selected random sampling technique. Primary data was obtained using questionnaires administered to the selected program beneficiaries. Data collected was then organized, coded and entered in the computer for analysis. Analysis was done using frequency counts, percentages, means and standard deviation, t-test was used to analyses the difference in performance before and after training. The study found out that: the program emphasized on budgeting, financial analysis, credit management and book keeping skills; indeed there was a significant improvement in revenue performance of small enterprises whose managers had attended the financial literacy programme. Credit management skills obtained through the financial literacy programme enhanced performance through acquisition of credit financing, and management of loan portfolios to ensure that loan liability was minimized and interest expenses minimized. Budgeting skills significant roles in growing sales, profits and ensuring smooth running of the business. The impact of this programme is evident in enhancing business performance. The government should therefore fund the mainstreaming financial literacy training programmes throughout the country as a strategy for enhancing small and micro enterprise performance.
Activation of Spent Bleaching Earth for Dehumidification Application World-Academic Journal
To circumvent the current pollution-prone disposal of the spent bleaching earth (SBE), an experimental program was conducted to recover the waste SBE and to use it for air dehumidification application. Waste SBE was obtained from the damping site of the oil industry, and the entrained oil was recovered via hexane extraction while the remaining hydrocarbons were oxidized with 30% H2O2 and heat at 550 oC. This reactivation procedure affords oil useful in other ole-chemical applications and active SBE for air dehumidification. For the purpose of adsorbent development, SBE regeneration was found to follow two routes, solvent extraction followed by oxidation using 30% H2O2 which retains the elasticity of the clay crucial in molding the adsorbents and thermal processing at 550 oC after molding. Experiments were carried out in batch system, and the effects of parameters including, activation temperature, contact time, The sorption characteristic of the adsorbent established two peaks when activated at 550 oC and 650 0C with a capacity of 27.07 and 26.63% respectively. The regenerated SBE proved to be a promising adsorbent for moisture since its sorption capacity was higher than that of clay (15%) which is commonly used as commercial desiccant.
Lean thinking literature review and suggestions for future researchWorld-Academic Journal
The research provides a literature overview from a timespan of more than 60 years with articles historically and thematically organized about the application of “Lean thinking” (LT) concept and the main research findings through different industries. Lean thinking is an important but yet still under researched aspect of strategic management. By collecting research records from ISI web of knowledge naming directly the lean thinking issue; 34 Web of science records, 10 Medline records and 2 Chinese citation database records were found. Results show that the main focus areas on lean thinking researches are mainly applied in health care industry (with the 48% of the collected records) followed by manufacturing industry (17%), construction (10%), product development (7%), training and education (7%) and supply chain (2%). Other industries (9%) are also starting to apply lean thinking philosophy according to the particularities of their domain. We find research gaps and provide directions for further investigation.
This paper was set to examine training and development in the banking sector and reaffirm the investment in training and development. In line with the assertion made by the literature and the evidences gathered in the process of the study, the following recommendations were made: It is an established fact that no serious minded organization like banks can be staffed by people with expertise and potentials in the various disciplines needed for its total functioning simply by recruitment and selection, it’s the systematic training and development of personnel on continuous basis that can harness the totality of human resources in the organization, banks should ensure that any training and development which takes place is based on proper analysis of its contribution to the effectiveness and efficiency of banking industry. The data collected from different sources was cross checked. Different statistical tools and techniques were used like mean, mode, median, averages, t-test and chi-square. The paper concluded that investment in the area of training and development in the human resources will bear the fruits much fold for the banking industry of the two countries. For the Indian banks have established their training institutes for the purpose of training its staff which was lacking with their counterparts. Each employer who invests seriously in the area of Training and Development will reap the benefits of an enriched working environment with higher levels of staff retention as well as increased productivity and performance. In the modern computer era training has gained the reputation of dynamic concept which needs to be understood in that perspective most of the modern banks which do not respond to the dynamic change that are seen in changed environment may fail to respond to the needs of customers. Training is one of most important and effective means of bringing about change in banking sector. Hence, the study is carried with the aim of studying training implementation in these selected banks.
Employee Mentoring and Organizational Effectivenessijtsrd
This study examines the relationship between mentoring and organizational effectiveness. Mentoring in the workplace is a comprehensive business strategy that utilizes the skills and expertise of more experienced employees as resources to those who are new to the company or those who are less experienced in certain areas within the company. The paper after a critical review of the available literature revealed a significant relationship between mentoring and organizational effectiveness. Based on the above conclusion, the paper recommend that There should be more organized formal corporate mentoring programs supported by relevant policies and management will power Management should develop a program advisory team on mentoring with defined objectives, regularly evaluating their performance against set standards and correcting unhealthy deviations from standards where such exist. Victor Barinua | Ibe, Uchenna Mabel "Employee Mentoring and Organizational Effectiveness" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49978.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/hrm-and-retail-business/49978/employee-mentoring-and-organizational-effectiveness/victor-barinua
Meaning & Definition of Executive Development, Need for executive development, Methods of Executive Development, On the Job and Off the Job Methods of Executive Development.
Reverse Mentoring is an emerging program in maximum of developing organizations. Reverse Mentoring is highly practiced and appreciated by mentors, mentees and also the organizations. In this paper an attempt has been made to study what factors among Organization Factors, Job Condition Factor, Rewards and Benefit Factor, Career Development
The Role of Organizational Learning and Culture in Building Organizational Co...ijtsrd
The factor that becomes the main concern in an organization is humans, because humans play a major role in an organization. So humans, must be managed as employees and not as machines. Therefore, the organization must manage employees as the main and important factor for the success of the organization. Developing good human resources and using them properly can help organizations become dynamic and achieve maximum work performance, work motivation can be increased in order to get civil servants in professional government agencies. An organizations ability to compete and keep abreast of technological, information and communication developments certainly needs the support of individuals within the organization. This article discusses the role of organizational learning and organizational culture in building the competitiveness of an organization. Several studies show that organizational learning has a very important role in increasing organizational competitiveness. An innovative culture has the following characteristics creative, result oriented, and a challenging work environment. A supportive culture is characterized by teamwork and people oriented relational , encouraging employees to take action and a work environment that is full of trust and achievement. Arquimino Ramos | Lena Ellitan "The Role of Organizational Learning and Culture in Building Organizational Competitiveness" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd53990.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/management/organizational-behaviour/53990/the-role-of-organizational-learning-and-culture-in-building-organizational-competitiveness/arquimino-ramos
The Role of Organizational Learning and Culture in Building Organizational Co...ijtsrd
The factor that becomes the main concern in an organization is humans, because humans play a major role in an organization. So humans, must be managed as employees and not as machines. Therefore, the organization must manage employees as the main and important factor for the success of the organization. Developing good human resources and using them properly can help organizations become dynamic and achieve maximum work performance, work motivation can be increased in order to get civil servants in professional government agencies. An organizations ability to compete and keep abreast of technological, information and communication developments certainly needs the support of individuals within the organization. This article discusses the role of organizational learning and organizational culture in building the competitiveness of an organization. Several studies show that organizational learning has a very important role in increasing organizational competitiveness. An innovative culture has the following characteristics creative, result oriented, and a challenging work environment. A supportive culture is characterized by teamwork and people oriented relational , encouraging employees to take action and a work environment that is full of trust and achievement. Arquimino Ramos | Lena Ellitan "The Role of Organizational Learning and Culture in Building Organizational Competitiveness" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd53990.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/management/organizational-behaviour/53990/the-role-of-organizational-learning-and-culture-in-building-organizational-competitiveness/arquimino-ramos
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Learning transfer in leadership programs.docxSara239500
Understand the importance of leadership development initiatives in corporate environments. It is not enough to evaluate our programs using formative and summative evaluations or implementing the Kirkpatrick evaluation model to gain insights into how participants implement the knowledge or skills after training. We must understand how to design a program that has elements that will promote transfer before, during, and after the program. This paper will examine the impact of learning transfer and the models used to understand better how to achieve this. Afterward, a deep dive will be done into the relationship between learning transfer and leadership development and what elements can be incorporated before, during, and after the programs that can impact transfer.
Advantages of the training and development for the employeesIJLT EMAS
In this era where competition is increasing day by day
in the corporate world training and development has become one
of the important key to achieve success. Training is an important
subsystem of Human Resource Development. It is a specialized
function and is one of the fundamental operative functions for
known resource management. Development is a long-term
educational process utilizing a systematic and organized
procedure by which managerial personnel get conceptual and
theoretical knowledge. Basically, it is an attempt to improve the
current or future employee performance of the employee by
increasing his or her ability to perform through learning, usually
by changing the employee’s attitude or increasing his or her
skills and knowledge. These types of training and development
programs help in improving the employee behavior and attitude
towards the job and also uplift their morale. Thus, employee
training and development programs are important aspects which
are needed to be studied and focused on. This paper focusses on
the advantages of the training and development for the
employee’s.
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Supply Chain Efficiency Evaluation: A Contemporary Theoretical ModelWorld-Academic Journal
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The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
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Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
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Knowledge engineering: from people to machines and back
Impact of professional
1. WORLD ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & APPLIED SCIENCES-MARCH-SEPTEMBER 2013 EDITION
Journal of Economics & Finance (JEF)
SEPTEMBER 2013 VOL.1, No.7
Impact of Professional Bodies in Training and Development in
Nation Media Group
Mercy Gakii Ben (Corresponding author), Grace Neema Kariba, Titus Muhoro Njuguna
Nation Media Group, P.O box 2792, Nakuru 20100, Kenya
Accepted 30 September 2013
Abstract
It is through training and development programs that an organization can expand both the knowledge and skill
base of their employees, and also improve chances for people to build a career path in their professions. For an
employee, training gives them better abilities to perform their job, through building their confidence, and helping
them learn how to engage new technologies to ease their jobs. This kind of training gives better output for a
company, as their employees develop a loyal attitude, and as well come up with new ideas which can improve
their work experiences.
Key Words: Impact of Professional Bodies, Training and Development, Nation Media Group
1. Introduction
Human development has, in recent years, become the focus of attention for planners, policy makers and
administrators (Gupta, 2003). Human resource development can be defined as the process of increasing
knowledge, skills and capacity of people through training. It is important not only for an organization but also for
the nation. Training is an organized procedure by which people learn knowledge and skills for a particular
purpose. The purpose of training is mainly to bridge the gap between job requirements and the present
competencies of an employee.
Professional bodies are one of the most effective ways to improve employees’ professional skills and make them
more effective organizational members. Organizations require the practice of professional management
principles and practices, since Management is one of the key pillars in any organization for its survival, growth
and expansion, (Nelson, 2010.)
A profession arises when any trade or occupation transforms itself through the development of formal
qualifications based upon education and examinations, the emergence of regulatory bodies with powers to admit
and discipline members, and some degree of monopoly rights. The roles of these professional associations
include maintaining control or oversight of the legitimate practice of the occupation, safeguarding the public
interest, and representing the interests of the professional practitioners.
Profession- It is a vocation founded upon specialised educational training, the purpose of which is to supply
disinterested counsel and service to others, for a direct and definite compensation wholly, apart from expectation
of other business gain.
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2. WORLD ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & APPLIED SCIENCES-MARCH-SEPTEMBER 2013 EDITION
Professional Bodies- These are organizations that set certain educational and professional standards as
qualification for membership and practice.
NMG- Nation Media Group
KIM- Kenya Institute of Management
ICPAK- Institute of Certified Public Accountants of Kenya
LSK- Law Society of Kenya
MSK-Marketing Society of Kenya
2. Literature review
This part covers various theories of learning, training and development.
2.1 Social Learning Theory
Bandura’s theory explains human behaviour in terms of a continuous reciprocal interaction between cognitive,
behavioral, and environmental determinants. Learning takes place both as a result of experienced responses i.e
operant view of learning and vicariously through observing the effects on the social environment of other
people's behaviour. Social learning theory plays an important role in training and development.
Employees are more likely to imitate their superiors than their peers because of their status, experience and
reward power. Second, modeling has a considerable role to play in implementing a self-managed approach
through self-observation and self-monitoring (Davis & Luthans, 1980). Third, for improving the effectiveness of
training, a vicarious or modeling principle has been proposed to be used in four stages, namely presentation of
models displaying the desired behaviors, imitation or rehearsal by the observer of the modeling behaviors; social
reinforcement or favorable recognition for adoption of the modeled behaviors by the observer; and transfer of
training to encourage the use of learned behaviors back on the job (Goldstein & Sorcher, 1974; Manz & Sims,
1981).
2.2 Constructivism
Constructivism is recognized as a unique learning theory in itself. Behaviorism and cognitivism both support the
practice of analyzing a task and breaking it down into manageable chunks, establishing objectives, and
measuring performance based on those objectives. Constructivism, on the other hand, promotes a more
open-ended learning experience where the methods and results of learning are not easily measured and may not
be the same for each learner.
Constructivists believe that all humans have the ability to construct knowledge in their own minds through a
process of discovery and problem solving. The extent to which this process can take place naturally without
structure and teaching is the defining factors amongst those who advocate this learning theory. Jean Piaget
(1970), a Swiss psychologist, observed human development as a progressive stage of cognitive development.
His four stages, which commence at infancy and progress into adulthood, characterize the cognitive abilities
necessary at each stage to construct meaning of ones environment. In this sense, Piaget’s theory is similar to
other constructivists’ perspectives of learning. Under the theory of constructivism, trainers can focus on making
connections between facts and fostering new understanding in trainees. Trainers can tailor their strategies to the
trainee’s responses and encourage trainees to analyze, interpret, and predict information.
2.3 Justification
Employees selected for a job might lack the qualifications required to perform the job effectively. New,
inexperienced employees require detailed instruction for effective performance of the job. This is a function well
performed by professional bodies because management may lack the required time and expertise to train these
new employees, (Ishwar, 1970).
In order to survive and grow, an organization must continually adopt itself to the changing environment. With
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3. WORLD ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & APPLIED SCIENCES-MARCH-SEPTEMBER 2013 EDITION
increasing economic liberalization and globalization, business firms are experiencing expansion, growth and
diversification. In order to face international competition, firms must upgrade their capabilities. Existing
employees need refresher training to keep them abreast of new knowledge. The external view brought in by
professional bodies proves very viable (Vogan,1989).
Training becomes necessary when an employee moves from one job to another due to promotion and transfer.
Employees chosen for higher level jobs need to be trained before they are tasked with higher responsibilities. For
example, in the media the junior position is that of a correspondent, then one is promoted to sub-editorial job or
to a full editorial position. There is thus an ever present need for involving professional bodies in training people
so that new and changed techniques may be taken advantage of, and improvements on old methods implemented.
(Emily,2010).
Technology is changing very fast. Automation and mechanization are increasingly applied in offices, and in the
service sector. Increasing use of fast-changing techniques requires training into new technology. This technology
comes with emerging ethical issues and challenges to various professions. For instance, the use of social
networking sites has been adapted by the media as a means to relay breaking news, as well as a forum of
discussion for various articles and current events. This has posed a major challenge for journalists, who have no
prior knowledge on ethics of handling this type of media. Thus, professional bodies need to come in to train
journalists on issues of handling integrity and ethics within the social networking media. (Brosseau,2000).
2.4 Professional bodies in Kenya
In Kenya alone, there are a number of professional bodies that have nurtured their professionals to achieve better
qualifications. For instance, Kenya Institute of Management has a program that brings together Managers from
various professions. In August of this year, they held a leadership and governance program that saw former
presidents and other prominent leaders from all over Africa meet in Mombasa to discuss issues that affect
leadership in the continent. People from all backgrounds were invited, and this way, coaching and mentorships
offered to younger professionals (Kibe,2011).
Another professional body is the association of accountants, ICPAK. This body ensures that all practicing
accountants in the country have been certified for professional qualification. Through ICPAK, the global best
practices in the profession are highly encouraged. According to their website, the body offers constant updates
for their members through offering new trainings to keep them at par with the emerging trends in the world.
Every quarter, the body provides seminars, workshops and other opportunities for members to meet and
exchange ideas. These forums are ideal for networking, thus giving attendees a chance to learn of the latest
trends in the market. The body has practices the right to bar any professional from practicing if such a person has
been found to be acting contrary to the ethical requirements of the profession (Kibe,2011).
Another professional training body is The Institute of Capacity Development, the executive training arm of KCA
University. The institute targets professionals and aims at enhancing their skills and keeping them abreast with
the ever changing dynamics in the business environment. The Institute provides executive training to senior
managers and as well extends tailor-made training to various institutions in Kenya and around Africa. The
institute has been a major training partner for the Government of Kenya and Government of South Sudan.
ICAD specializes in short courses, seminars, workshops, conferences and partners with high profile
organizations including the Center for Corporate Governance (CCG), Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA),
Association of Certified Chartered Accountants (ACCA) and the Institute of Certified Public Accountants of
Kenya (ICPAK), (Wachira, 2011).
The same is true of Kenya Law Society, LSK, which nurtures the interests of its members. The LSK has
continual trainings for their employees under the Continuing Legal Education Program, known as CLE. The CLE
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4. WORLD ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & APPLIED SCIENCES-MARCH-SEPTEMBER 2013 EDITION
program rolls out an annual calendar which covers different law topics in the format of seminars and lectures.
The sessions are carried out in various towns in the country and advocates and non-advocates experts in various
professional fields volunteer to present at the sessions. The CLE Calendar has over sixty sessions in fifteen towns
in Kenya. The CLE program also rolls out supplementary free programs throughout the year, many of which are
organized in partnership with development partners (Githu, 2008).
According to the LSK website, Regulation 11 of the Advocates Act on Continuing Legal Education Regulation,
2004 states that every applicant for an annual practicing certificate shall be accompanied by proof that the
applicant has secured five units of continuing legal education during each practicing year.
Qualification for journalism practice, just like any other profession, should be based on a standard academic and
professional training. For example, setting a minimum qualification of possessing either a Diploma or Bachelor’s
degree in Journalism and Mass Communication from a recognized training institution.
For Kenyan journalists however, there is a problem that practicing journalists grapple daily with; there is no
regulating body, or professional organization that journalists can work with to hone their professional skills.
According to an article published in the Standard newspaper of 9 February 2010, the profession has been raided
by all manner of professionals, and quacks who gate-crash in the name of having talent and good looks
(Fred,2010).
In Nation Media Group, journalists are employed mainly using their past training efforts, got through colleges, or
universities. However, once a journalist has entered the profession, there are no efforts on the part of the
employer to ensure that these journalists get continuous professional training.
Another problem is that there are no professional bodies that journalists can identify with, or that can help keep
professionalism within the journalism career.
A third challenge is the lack of training needs analysis within the company. (James,2010). This is where even if
there arises an opportunity for training, only those who are in good standing with their seniors are given the
opportunity to attend, leaving out other professionals who actually need this training.
According to Keith as cited in The Info Journal, (2008) the company also lacks information on the existing
professional bodies which have not marketed their services to the company, there are various professionals
working in various departments. There are financial experts such as accountants, human resource practitioners,
Information Technology experts, journalists, and marketers. Most of these groups have professional bodies to
which they belong, such as MSK, IHRM and ICPAK.
Professional bodies play a critical role in supplying the market and the general public service with people who
can meet the minimum requirement of Chapter six of the new constitution of Kenya. This chapter puts emphasis
on leadership and integrity, and provides guiding principles of leadership and integrity which include Selection
on the basis of personal integrity, competence and suitability, objectivity and impartiality in decision making and
in ensuring that decisions are not influenced by nepotism, favoritism, other improper motives or corruption,
selfless service solely based on the public interest. Another is accountability to public for decisions and actions
and discipline and commitment to service to the people (Constitution of Kenya,2010).
However, in the media fraternity, there are no professional bodies designed to regulate and train the practitioners
in their day to day work. There are no methods of monitoring the ethics and procedures that the media
practitioners follow in delivery of their duties, comments the writer who is also a lecturer in Communication
writing in the Standard newspaper of 9 February 2010.
Other professionals who work within NMG include marketers who are regularly appraised by the MSK, their
professional body. Through MSK, they are invited to networking seminars, coffee outings and other forums that
enable them to network with people from other fields.
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5. WORLD ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & APPLIED SCIENCES-MARCH-SEPTEMBER 2013 EDITION
There is no recognition of members who have joined any professional body by the company, thus deflating
morale of journalists.
2.5 Challenges of training and development through professional bodies in NMG
There are no policies that have been laid down by NMG in order to facilitate training of journalists through
professional bodies. In other organizations, there is a clearly laid down requirement that for a professional to join
the body, the person must be a registered member of this professional body.
Even though line managers find the need for training their junior employees, the bureaucratic procedure that the
ideas have to go through before getting approved is too long, and thus discouraging to middle level management.
There is no clear career path set by NMG for journalists to follow in growing within the profession; thus even if
the company took them for training, it may end up being wasted due to the nature of contracts that many of the
journalists are employed under. The media field is also popular for taking in very young professionals who may
not be settled in their careers, and therefore keep moving jobs and professions. In the minutes of the company's
meeting in year 2009, over 20 young professionals who had joined the company in the last two years as fresh
graduates left for more lucrative jobs in the market.
The company is challenged to select particular professional bodies, since there are many professionals within the
company, such as accountants, human resource professionals, thus the company may not see money sense to
invest in enrolling their employees in professional bodies.
3. Conclusion and recommendations
The media practitioners should establish a professional body for regulating, improving and ensuring that
professionals are ready and equipped to cope with changes in the media.
The same body should ensure that there are continual trainings on the job for employees and all practitioners to
keep them advancing and improve their professional standards. The various media houses need to conduct
regular training needs analysis among their employees so as to find out the areas of need that should be taken
care of through training. There should be a requirement for all media practitioners to belong to a professional
body, and without which one should not join the world of work.
The future of professional bodies in Kenya is leaning more toward standardization in professionalism. What is
now emerging is that an overwhelming majority of practitioners are strongly in favour of reorganizing current
professional bodies. This is so that they can have sufficient authority, power and legitimacy to legislate rules and
regulations on behalf of practitioners and perform the functions necessary to promote and protect the wellbeing
and reputation of the profession.
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