The Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI) is a strategy developed by WHO and UNICEF to address high child mortality rates. IMCI combines improved management of common childhood illnesses with nutrition, immunization, and other aspects of primary healthcare. It has three main components: improving health workers' case management skills through guidelines; strengthening health systems; and promoting better family/community practices. The IMCI case management process involves assessing children for danger signs, classifying illnesses, identifying treatments, providing counseling and follow up care.

1. INTEGRATED
MANAGEMENT
OF CHILDHOOD
ILLNESSES

2. Projections based on the
1996 analysis
The Global Burden
Of Disease
indicate that these
conditions will continue to
be major contributors to
child deaths in the year
2020

3. A strategy develop by the WHO and UNICEF in response to the serious
challenge of high mortality rates among children. This strategy combines
improved management of
childhood illness with aspects of nutrition, immunization, and other
important diseases.

4. COMPONENTS OF IMCI
Improvements in the case-management skills of health
staff through the provision of locally adapted guidelines
on IMCI and through activities to promote their us
Improvements in the health system required for effective
management of childhood Illness
Improvements in family and community practices

5. ELEMENTS OF IMCI
CASE MANAGEMENT

6. Assessment
Assess the child by checking first for danger signs (or
possible bacterial infection in a young infant), asking
questions about common conditions, examining the child, and
checking nutrition and immunization status. Assessment
includes checking the child for other health problems.

7. Classification
Classify a child’s illnesses using a color-coded triage
system. Because many children have more than one
condition, each illness is classified according to whether it
requires:
• urgent pre-referral treatment and referral (red), or
• specific medical treatment and advice (yellow), or
• simple advice on home management (green).

8. COLOR CODED SYSTEM
Color Presentation Classification of
Disease
Level of Management
Green Mild Home Care
Yellow Moderate Management at the
RHU
Red Severe Referral to hospital

9. Identification
Identify specific treatments for the child. If a children
quires urgent referral, give essential treatment before the
patient is transferred (Hospital). If a child needs treatment at
home, develop an integrated treatment plan for the child and
give the first dose of drugs in the clinic (Home). If a child
should be immunized, give immunization(RHU).

10. Treatment
Treatment instructions, including teaching the caretaker how
to give oral drugs, how to feed and give fluids during illness, and
how to treat local infections at home. Ask the caretaker to return
for follow-up on a specific date, and teach her how to recognize
signs that indicate the child should return immediately to the
health facility.

11. Counsel
Assess feeding, including assessment of breastfeeding
practices, and counsel to solve any feeding problems found. Then
counsel the mother about her own health.

12. Give Follow up Care
When a child is brought back to the clinic as requested, give
follow-up care, if necessary, reassess the child for new problems.

13. THE INTEGRATED
CASE
MANAGEMENT
PROCESS

14. OUT PATIENT
FACILITY
o Check for Danger Signs
o Asses Main Syptoms
o Assess the Immunization,
Nutrition and Vitamin A
supplementation Status
o Check for other Problem
o Clarify conditions and Identify
Treatment Actions
Urgent Referral
Outpatient health Facility
Home Management