Ii y iii ley de newton p
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The document discusses Newton's laws of motion. It provides responses to questions about concepts related to forces, acceleration, and motion. The key points are: - Acceleration is defined by the second law of Newton as the ratio of force to mass (a=F/m). - An object's acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. - In a system where interacting forces are internal, the net force is zero and objects do not spontaneously accelerate unless acted upon by an external force.
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The document discusses Newton's laws of motion. It contains questions and responses about concepts such as acceleration, forces, and action-reaction pairs. Some key points addressed include:
- Acceleration is defined by the second law of motion as a=F/m, where a is acceleration, F is force, and m is mass.
- An object at rest or moving at a constant velocity means the net force acting on it is zero, so its acceleration is zero.
- In a system where forces are balanced internally, an external force is needed to cause acceleration.
- Gravity acts equally on objects in a vacuum, but acceleration may differ based on mass.
- The moon and earth exert equal but opposite
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Students will be able to explain inertia, relate it to mass, and provide examples involving inertia. Inertia is an object's tendency to resist changes in its motion - objects at rest will stay at rest and objects in motion will stay in motion unless acted on by an unbalanced outside force. An object's inertia is directly proportional to its mass - the more mass an object has, the greater its inertia. Examples of inertia include a coin on cardboard pulled quickly, a ladder on a stopping truck, and other situations involving objects in motion experiencing changes.
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The document discusses Newton's laws of motion. It contains questions and responses about concepts such as acceleration, forces, and action-reaction pairs. Some key points addressed include:
- Acceleration is defined by the second law of motion as a=F/m, where a is acceleration, F is force, and m is mass.
- An object at rest or moving at a constant velocity means the net force acting on it is zero, so its acceleration is zero.
- In a system where forces are balanced internally, an external force is needed to cause acceleration.
- Gravity acts equally on objects in a vacuum, but acceleration may differ based on mass.
- The moon and earth exert equal but opposite
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Newton's laws of motion and universal law of gravitation were conceived in 1666. Newton's first law states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Free body diagrams are used to determine the net external force on an object by representing it as a box and drawing all forces as coming from its center of mass.
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The document describes a relativistic momentum paradox scenario involving two equal masses connected by a massless string and constrained to move parallel at a speed v. When the constraints are removed, the masses collide and stick together into a single blob with greater mass than the sum of the initial masses due to their collision speed. However, the document reasons that the x-direction momentum must remain constant, so the speed of the combined blob must be less than v, slowing down the overall apparatus.
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The document discusses three quantum physics concepts:
1) The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, which states that certain pairs of measurable properties, such as position and momentum, cannot be known simultaneously due to the energy required to observe a system.
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A force is any push or pull that can cause an object to change its motion. The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass, as described by Newton's Second Law. Newton's Third Law states that for every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force.
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Week 2 OverviewLast week, we studied the relationship between .docx
Week 2 Overview
Last week, we studied the relationship between acceleration, velocity, displacement, and time. Acceleration in an object is caused by the force acting on it. This week, we'll study the relationship between force and acceleration. Central to this study are the laws of motion that Isaac Newton discovered in the 17th century.
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Newton’s First Law
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Newton's first law of motion explains the relation between the force applied on an object and its motion.
The law states that:
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This means that an object prefers to remain in a state of rest or uniform motion; in order to change the state it's in you need to apply force to it. Further, an object will always resist the force applied to it. The property of an object to resist an external force is called inertia, and for this reason, Newton's first law is called the law of inertia.
If you slide an object on a smooth floor with a given speed, the distance it moves depends upon the friction between the object and the floor. The smoother the floor, the greater the distance traveled by the object. The object eventually stops because of the external force of friction.
A force is required to change the velocity of a body. To understand this statement first recall from your study of kinematics that velocity is a vector with a magnitude (speed) and a direction. In the absence of a force, both speed and direction are constant. When a force acts on an object, it changes the speed, direction, or both of the objects.
There is no basic difference between an object at rest and an object in uniform motion; rest and uniform motion are relative terms. An object at rest with respec.
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- Newton's law of gravitation states that any two masses in the universe attract each other with a force proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
- Kepler's laws describe the motion of planets orbiting the Sun. The first law states planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus. The second law states planets sweep out equal areas in equal times. The third law relates the orbital period to the semi-major axis.
- For an object to escape Earth's gravity, it needs to reach the escape velocity of about 11 km/s, which can be reduced by taking advantage of Earth's rotation. Thrusting backwards in orbit lowers
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The document provides definitions and concepts related to Newtonian mechanics, including:
- Dynamics deals with the motion of bodies under forces, where motion is caused by force. Key definitions include length, distance, displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration.
- Equations of motion relate variables like initial/final velocities, displacement, and time. Motion under gravity incorporates acceleration due to gravity.
- Newton's three laws of motion are summarized: inertia, F=ma relationship, and action-reaction forces. Examples apply the laws to calculate values like net force, acceleration, and velocity components.
- Reference frames define the context for measuring motion quantities like velocity. Inertial frames satisfy Newton's laws of motion while non-
Module No. 8
1) Newton's first law of motion states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
2) Newton's second law establishes the relationship between the net force acting on an object, the object's mass, and the object's acceleration. It can be expressed by the equation F=ma, where F is the net force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration.
3) Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. It explains the interactions between pairs of objects.
2.2 forces and dynamics
The document discusses key concepts in mechanics including:
1. Free body diagrams show only the external forces acting on an object and are useful for solving dynamics problems.
2. Newton's Second Law states that acceleration is proportional to net force and inversely proportional to mass.
3. Impulse is the product of force and time and equals change in momentum, affecting how objects move after collisions or other impacts.
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Ii y iii ley de newton p
- 1. LEYES DE NEWTON EDWIN ALFONSO PONTON FUENTES 10-02 J.M. 10 DE OCTUBRE DEL 2021. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA SAN JOSE. CIENCIAS NATURALES & MEDIO AMBIENTE FISICA
- 2. En el capítulo anterior la aceleración se definió como la razón de cambio de la velocidad con respecto al tiempo; esto es, a= (cambio de v) /tiempo. En este capítulo, ¿estamos diciendo que la aceleración es más bien la relación de la fuerza entre la masa, esto es, que a=F/m? ¿Cuál de las dos es cierta? R/= “En este capítulo, ¿estamos diciendo que la aceleración es más bien la relación de la fuerza entre la masa, esto es, que a=F/m”, esta afirmación es la cierta porque en capítulo nos exponen la segunda ley de Newton La aceleración de un objeto es directamente proporcional a la fuerza neta que actúa sobre él tiene la dirección de la fuerza neta y es inversamente proporcional a la masa del objeto y luego nos la explica. Un avión jumbo viaja a la velocidad constante de 1000 k/h cuando la fuerza de empuje de sus motores es una constante de 100.000 N ¿cuál es la aceleración del avión? ¿Cuál es la fuerza de resistencia del aire que actúa sobre el avión? R/= La aceleración es cero porque la velocidad es constante, la resistencia del aire es 100.000N porque la resistencia del aire debe ser igual a la fuerza de empuje del avión. En el vacío una moneda y una pluma caen igual lado a lado es correcto decir qué fuerzas iguales de gravedad actúan en la moneda y en la pluma cuando están en el vacío R/= NO porque por más que tengan la misma aceleración, no significa que la gravedad actuará de la misma forma en ambas; la aceleración siempre será menor que la gravedad. Un misil en movimiento posee fuerza R/=Por sí solo ningún objeto posee fuerza, para eso necesita estar en interacción con otro objeto, así que el misil no posee fuerza. En un día frío y lluvioso el acumulador (batería) de tu automóvil está muerto y debes empujar el vehículo para que arranque ¿por qué no puedes empujar cómodamente sentado en el interior y empujando contra el tablero? R/=Es porque dentro del automóvil estamos dentro del sistema por lo tanto las fuerzas dentro del sistema se anulan en cambio sí lo hago desde afuera empujando desde el piso de la calle estoy fuera del sistema con otra fuerza externa que ayudará a acelerar.
- 3. Por qué un libro que descansa sobre una mesa nunca acelera espontáneamente como respuesta a los billones de fuerzas interatómicas que actúan dentro del R/=Al igual que el problema anterior estas fuerzas están dentro de un sistema por lo tanto por muy numerosas que sean, su sumatoria va a dar 0, aquí donde se aplica la ley de Newton por lo tanto no se va a mover el libro a menos que haya una fuerza externa sobre él. Sabemos que la tierra tira de la luna ¿quiere decir que en consecuencia La luna también tirara de la Tierra? R/=Si ambas fuerzas forman parte de una acción y reacción la luna tira de la Tierra y la tierra tira de la luna, pero ambas lo hacen al mismo tiempo con la misma cantidad de fuerza. Puedes identificar las fuerzas de acción y reacción en el caso de un objeto que cae en el vacío R/=Para identificar la fuerza de acción y reacción identificamos los objetos que interactúan, qué es el objeto y la tierra la tierra tira del objeto, mientras el objeto tira de la Tierra. Una lancha de motor que normalmente viaja a 10 km/h en aguas tranquilas, cruzó un río y pone la proa perpendicular a la orilla. Si el río corre también a 10 km/h ¿cuál será la velocidad de la lancha con respecto a la orilla? Datos: Vlancha=10Km/H Vrio=10Km/H Vr= Vector resultante o velocidad resultante Por la acción de la corriente del río la lancha se mueve siguiendo una diagonal.
- 4. Vr=√ 𝑉𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑎2 + 𝑉𝑟𝑖𝑜2 𝑉 𝑟 = √(10𝑚/𝑠)2 + (10𝑚/𝑠)2 Vr=√100𝑚2/𝑠2 + 100𝑚2/𝑠2 Vr=14,1 Km/h R/=Cuando la lancha pone la proa perpendicular a la otra orilla su velocidad es 14.1 km/h a 45 grados aguas abajo, de acuerdo con la figura 5.23.