If a population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can conclude that: evolution has occurred. natural selection has occurred. one of the assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium has been violated. evolution has occurred because one of the assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium has been violated. Solution Answer: One of the assumptions of the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium has been violated. Violations of the Hardy–Weinberg assumptions can cause deviations from expectation. Example being: migration, mutation or natural selection.