The document discusses smart grid developments across Europe. It outlines the European Electricity Grid Initiative (EEGI) which provides a vision and roadmap for smart grids. It also describes the Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM) which aims to standardize smart grid development. Specific smart grid projects in Ireland, the UK, and Belgium are examined that demonstrate whole system approaches involving transmission and distribution system operators collaborating to integrate distributed energy resources.

1. Smart Grid in Europe
Graham Ault
Smarter Grid Solutions
London
16th October 2013
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2. Overview

European smart grid landscape:



Vision and roadmap: European Electric Grid Initiative (EEGI)
Standardisation and development: Smart Grid Architecture Model
(SGAM)
Whole system smart grid implications:



Ireland
United Kingdom
Belgium
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3. The European Smart Grid
Landscape
EERA
CIGRE
CENELEC
ENTSO-E
ETP
SmartGrids
CIRED
EURELECTRIC
CEER/ACER
EDSO4SG
EU/EC
ERA-NET
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4. European Electricity Grid Initiative
(EEGI)
 ‘Research & Innovation Roadmap’
and ‘Implementation Plan’
 Key challenges:



http://www.smartgrids.eu/European
-Electricity-Grid-Initiative



Development of renewable generation at
transmission level
Implementing new network infrastructures
Transition from aging fossil-fuelled plant to
small residential PV and large scale wind
Power electronics for generation and grid
Transmission-Distribution interface issues
Grid supporting market development
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5. ‘System of Systems’
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6. EEGI: Innovation Roll-Out
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7. Research and Innovation Plan
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8. Smart Grid Architecture Model
(SGAM)
 Standardisation framework requested as
EU directive:





Means to communicate in a common view/language
about system context with industry, customers and
regulators
Integration of various existing state-of-the-art approaches
into one model with additional European aspects
Methods to serve as a basis to analyse and evaluate
alternative implementations of an architecture
Support for planning for transition from an existing legacy
architecture to a new smart grid-driven architecture
Criteria for properly assessing conformance with
identified standards and given interoperability
requirements.
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9. Smart Grid Architecture Model
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10. Example: DER Reactive Power Control
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11. SGAM: Use Case Mapping
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12. SGAM: Component Layer
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13. SGAM: Business Layer
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14. SGAM: Functional layer and design
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15. SGAM: Business  Information Layer
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16. SGAM: Information Layer
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17. SGAM: Communications layer and options
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18. Ireland: Wind power voltage support
Paul Cuffe,
Paul Smith,
Andrew Keane
 Large distribution connected wind
power portfolio
 Erosion of ‘traditional’ generation
voltage support capability
 Exploration of aggregated resource
capability of wind power from DSO to
TSO network
 Need to integrate results into
transmission planning
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19. Reactive support from Distributed
Wind Generation
Cuffe, P: ‘Reactive Power From Distributed Generators: Characterisation And
Utilisation Of The Resource’, PhD Thesis, 2013.
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20. Wind power voltage support
(Qnet) here




Each generator locally
maximising reactive power
Dispatch active power to
minimize total reactive
support
Minimize reactive power
injection into transmission
system: min (Qnet)
Find the worst combination
of active power flows that
may align to hinder reactive
power provision
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21. Essential Engineering Intelligence

22. Capability with enhanced LDC
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23. United Kingdom
Accelerating Renewable Connections (ARC)


Scottish Power Distribution £8M+ LCNF T2 Project
Aims to offer faster, more economic DG connections via:
 A new connections process;
 The use of smart interventions to accelerate
connections – Active Network Management and other
Technologies; and
 ANM-enabling GSPs approaching capacity ahead of
need.
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24. ANM-enabled
Grid Supply Point
ANM-enabled
Grid Supply Point
ANM-enabled
Grid Supply Point
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25. Circuit Rating:
Summer:
90MVA
Spring/Autumn: 100MVA
Winter:
110MVA
Circuit Rating:
Summer:
90MVA
Spring/Autumn: 100MVA
Winter:
110MVA
132/33kV
60MVA
132/33kV
60MVA
Export Capacity
Exceeded during low
demand/max output
GSP
Overload
Tripping
Scheme
Wind Farm A
48 MW
Wind Farm B
62.5 MW
Max Demand: 36.5MW
Min Demand: ~10MW
New EFW
27.5MW
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26. Reinforcement Options
Circuit Rating:
Summer:
90MVA
Spring/Autumn: 100MVA
Winter:
110MVA
Circuit Rating:
Summer:
90MVA
Spring/Autumn: 100MVA
Winter:
110MVA
132/33kV
90MVA
132/33kV
90MVA
Transformer
Replacement
GSP
Overload
Tripping
Scheme
Wind Farm A
48 MW
Wind Farm B
62.5 MW
New EFW
27.5MW
Max Demand: 36.5MW
Min Demand: ~10MW
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27. Reinforcement Options
Circuit Rating:
Summer:
160MVA
Circuit Rating:
Summer:
160MVA
132/33kV
60MVA
132/33kV
60MVA
GSP A Board
Wind Farm B
62.5 MW
50% Existing Demand
132/33kV
90MVA
Additional
Transformers
+
Reinforcement of
132kV
GSP B Board
Wind Farm A
48MW
New EFW
27.5MW
50% Existing Demand
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28. Circuit Rating:
Summer:
90MVA
Spring/Autumn: 100MVA
Winter:
110MVA
Circuit Rating:
Summer:
90MVA
Spring/Autumn: 100MVA
Winter:
110MVA
ANM
Alternative
132/33kV
60MVA
132/33kV
60MVA
DNP3/ICCP
DNP3
Existing Comms
GSP
DNP3
Overload
Tripping
Scheme
Wind Farm A
48 MW
Wind Farm B
62.5 MW
Max Demand: 36.5MW
Min Demand: ~10MW
New EFW
27.5MW
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29. ARC – Challenges at the
DNO/TO/SO Boundary





Multiple Stakeholders
New Commercial Agreements
Understanding the impact on system security
Understanding the visibility required by the SO
New Planning/Operational Planning tools required
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30. Belgium: East Loop
Comblain
62 MVA
70.360
62 MVA
70.359
84 MVA
0.9 km
298 AMS
30 MVA
10 MVA
20 MVA
T2A
3.9 km
93 AMS
11 MVA
15.7 kV
15.47
Bütgenbach
20 MVA
41 MVA
T2
15.7 kV
9.6 km
93 AMS
70.329
T1
110 MVA
T4
300 MVA
T1
T3
20 MVA
Amel
Brume
380 kV
90 MVA
33 MVA
7.3 km
148 AMS
70.330 41 MVA
13 MVA
13 MVA
70.325 160 MVA
T2
Overloaded circuit (N-1)
20 MVA
48 MVA
70.328 (55 MVA)
60 MVA
T11
T1
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T2
T1
22 MVA
40 MVA
40 MVA
T3
15.8 kV
Out of service
planned on 2015
15.1 km
148 AMS
15.8 kV
18.5 km
148 AMS
Cierreux
20 MVA
12 MVA
T2
15.6 kV
510 MVA
0.3 km
2x 298 AMS
48 MVA
70.327 (55 MVA)
220.504
22 km
1000 AluPRC
97 MVA
70.363
27.5 km
2x 298 AMS
220.504
510 MVA
T1
14 MVA
St Vith
Brume
220 kV
Villeroux
220 kV
18 MVA
T2B
0.8 km
2x 298 AMS
Hydroelectric
Switch (disconnector)
Circuit breaker
15.8 kV
HY
2.5 MVA
70.332
T1
East Loop
T3
10 MVA
Stephanshof
Trois-Ponts
Legend
10.1 km
93 AMS
Coo
T2
6 kV
HY
70.331
84 MVA
6.9 km
298 AMS
70.350
16.5 km
182 AMS
T1
18 MVA
41 MVA
62 MVA
Bronrome
Rimière
http://www.cired.net/publications/cired2011/part1/paper
s/CIRED2011_0316_final.pdf
Pepinster
Beverce
70.362
HY
70.360
24.1 km
182 AMS
Romsée
220 kV
36 MVA
6.4 km
48 Cu
70.351
T8
Soiron
15.6 kV
11.2 km
93 AMS
41 MVA
70.349
HY 5 MVA
Bomal
Romsée 70 kV
10.3 km
182 AMS
13 MVA
T1
6 kV
4.5 km
182 AMS
13 MVA
Heid de Goreux 70 kV
T2
127 MVA
 DG growth creating bidirectional flows creating
congestion on Trans (70kV)
and Dist (15kV) networks
 TSO and DSO collaboration
and data exchange required to
safeguard system
 Active Network Management
proposed
TurboJet
IBV 18 MVA
25 MVA
6 kV
Houffalize 70 kV
Spanolux
8.4 MVA
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31. Belgium: East Loop
Comblain
62 MVA
70.360
62 MVA
70.359
84 MVA
0.9 km
298 AMS
30 MVA
10 MVA
20 MVA
T2A
3.9 km
93 AMS
11 MVA
15.7 kV
15.47
Bütgenbach
20 MVA
41 MVA
T2
15.7 kV
9.6 km
93 AMS
70.329
T1
110 MVA
T4
300 MVA
T1
T3
20 MVA
Amel
Brume
380 kV
90 MVA
33 MVA
7.3 km
148 AMS
70.330 41 MVA
13 MVA
13 MVA
70.325 160 MVA
T2
Overloaded circuit (N-1)
20 MVA
48 MVA
70.328 (55 MVA)
60 MVA
T11
T1
T2
T1
22 MVA
40 MVA
40 MVA
T3
15.8 kV
Out of service
planned on 2015
15.1 km
148 AMS
15.8 kV
18.5 km
148 AMS
Cierreux
20 MVA
12 MVA
T2
15.6 kV
510 MVA
0.3 km
2x 298 AMS
48 MVA
70.327 (55 MVA)
220.504
22 km
1000 AluPRC
97 MVA
70.363
27.5 km
2x 298 AMS
220.504
510 MVA
T1
14 MVA
St Vith
Brume
220 kV
Villeroux
220 kV
18 MVA
T2B
0.8 km
2x 298 AMS
Hydroelectric
Switch (disconnector)
Circuit breaker
15.8 kV
HY
2.5 MVA
70.332
T1
East Loop
T3
10 MVA
Stephanshof
Trois-Ponts
Legend
10.1 km
93 AMS
Coo
Rimière
T2
6 kV
HY
70.331
84 MVA
6.9 km
298 AMS
16.5 km
182 AMS
T1
18 MVA
41 MVA
62 MVA
Bronrome
70.350
Pepinster
Beverce
70.362
HY
70.360
24.1 km
182 AMS
Romsée
220 kV
36 MVA
6.4 km
48 Cu
70.351
T8
Soiron
15.6 kV
11.2 km
93 AMS
41 MVA
70.349
HY 5 MVA
Bomal
Romsée 70 kV
10.3 km
182 AMS
13 MVA
T1
6 kV
4.5 km
182 AMS
13 MVA
Heid de Goreux 70 kV
T2
127 MVA
 TSO takes lead in calculating
constraint actions
 Control link planned between
DSO and TSO SCADA systems.
 Grid Code changes required
 Market and regulation
changes identified
 Commercial arrangements
required: TSO, DSO, DG
TurboJet
IBV 18 MVA
25 MVA
6 kV
Houffalize 70 kV
Spanolux
8.4 MVA
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32. Summary
 Major European efforts on coordination, stimulus
and standardisation
 Clear market statements of need (e.g. EEGI)
 Tools to underpin innovation and integration are
promising (e.g. SGAM)
 Real smart grid initiatives provide clear indications
of whole system approaches spanning the physical
system and across multiple actors
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33. www.smartergridsolutions.com
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