This document describes a study on the drug utilization pattern of type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatients. The study aims to determine the drug utilization pattern of antidiabetic medications, assess the number of antidiabetic drugs per prescription, and assess drug-drug interactions. The study will be a prospective observational study conducted at Karnataka Institute of Medical Science Hubli involving a minimum sample size of 150 type 2 diabetes outpatients treated on an outpatient basis. Data will be collected from patient case sheets, prescriptions, and interviews to analyze prescribing patterns and rational drug use.

1. A STUDY ON DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERN OF TYPE- 2
DIABETES MELLITUS OUT PATIENT
SONIYA EDUCATION TRUST COLLEGE OF PHARMACY DHARWAD
GUIDE NAME :
• Dr . CHETAN SAVANT M PHARM PhD
• DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY
BY:
• MISS . VIJAYLAXMI S KATAGUR
• MISS . SANIYA M GADAGAKAR
• MISS . SHREYANKYA R JOSHI
• MR . M ABHIRAM
• MR . YASH PRAJAPATI

2. A STUDY ON DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERN OF TYPE-2
DIABETES MELLITUS OUT PATIENT
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF PHARMACY
GUIDE NAME :
Dr. CHETAN SAVANT M PHARM ,PhD. PROFESSOR AND HEAD PHARMACY PRACTICE
S.E.T’s COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, S. R. NAGAR, DHARWAD-580002, KARNATAKA
BY:
MISS. VIJAYLAXMI KATAGUR
MISS. SANIYA M GADAGKAR
MISS. SHREYANKA R JOSHI
MR. M ABHIRAM
MR. YASH PRAJAPATI

3. INTRODUCTION
• Diabetes is a common and very prevalent disease affecting the citizens of both developed and developing countries and is
the most common endocrine disorder globally. Concurrent illness such as hypertension in diabetics makes it more difficult
avoid multiple drug use; hence diabetics are more prone to polypharmacy and sometimes to irrational prescriptions.2
• Drug utilization studies provide useful insights into the current prescribing practices and also identify irrational prescribing.
The consequences of irrational prescribing include non-adherence to medications, which can result in complications due to
uncontrolled blood glucose levels and also escalate drug costs and health care costs. Drug utilization studies results can
suggest modifications in the current prescribing practices to the prescribers, policy makers and drug and therapeutic
committees to encourage rational use of drugs.2
• Evaluating drug prescription pattern is a major aspect of patient care, which is used as a measure of the quality of care
provided. In the developing countries systematic analysis is prevalent due to irrational dispensing, prescribing and
administration of medications. Such kind of irrational prescribing is unethical and can lead to adverse effects incidence,
drug resistance, drug interactions etc.

4. AIM:
• To study on drug utilization pattern of type- 2 Diabetes Mellitus out patient
Objectives:
 To determine the drug utilization pattern of antidiabetic medications in type-2 diabetic outpatients.
 To assess the number of antidiabetic drugs used per prescription.
 To assess drug drug interactions

5. NEED FOR STUDY :
 Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important public health problem in developing countries. Several anti-diabetic drug
utilization studies have been published in the healthcare setting from various parts of world can facilitate rational drug
use in patients with diabetes. Drug utilization studies provide useful insights into the current prescribing practices and
also identify irrational prescribing.
 The consequences of irrational prescribing include non-adherence to medications, which can result in complications due
to uncontrolled blood glucose levels and also escalate drug costs and health care costs. Drug utilization studies results
can suggest modifications in the current prescribing practices to the prescribers, policy makers and drug and therapeutic
committees to encourage rational use of drugs. Prescription monitoring studies are crucial to bridge the areas such as
rational use of drugs.
 It is very essential to conduct studies regarding prescribing patterns in every state in India and should use the data that
has been collected through these studies for improving the quality of patient care with the main aim of improving rational
drug use.

6. METHODOLOGY
STUDY SITE:
Karnataka institute of medical science Hubli.
STUDY DURATION:
The study will be carried out for a period of two months.
STUDY DESIGN :
A Prospective observational study
PROPOSED SAMPLE SIZE:
The minimum sample size required for conducting the study is 150
SOURCES OF DATA:
• Patient’s case sheet
• Patient’s prescription
• Patient interview

7. STUDY CRITERIA:
• INCLUSION CRITERIA:
 Type -2 Diabetic patients treating as an outpatient
 Patients with diabetic & other co-morbid diseases
• EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
 Patients on insulin therapy
 Unwilling to participate
 Patients admitted in ICU
 Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients

8. PLAN OF WORK
LITERATURE SURVEY
ETHICAL COMMITTEE
APPROVAL
DESIGN OF DATA
COLLECTION FORM
DATA COLLECTION
ANALYZE AND REPORT
THE DATA COLLECTED

9. Literature survey
.
S
no
Autho
r
name
Journal
name
Title of the
study
objectives Method of
study
Site of
study
Popu
latio
n of
study
Inclusion
criteria
Exclusion
criteria
conclusion
1 J.M.
Okonta
1, S.O.
Nduka,
V.E.
Idodo
Journal
of
Pharmac
eutical
Sciences
and
Research
Prescribing
pattern of
Antidiabetic
Agents and
antihypertensi
ve in a
secondary
healthcare
institution in
Nigeria
A drug utilization
study conducted to
evaluate the
prescribing pattern
of Antidiabetic
agents in a
secondary health
care centre in
Nigeria
prospective
observatio
nal study
Study was
carried
out in a
secondary
health
care
centre
878 Patients
with
diabetic
and other
co-morbid
diseases
Patients
unwilling
to
participate.
Patients on
insulin
therapy.
This study shows
that biguanides
were the most
prescribed
antidiabetic agents
and the generic
drugs prescribing
were poorly
practiced.
2 Dev
Priya,
Suresh
Purohit
, B. L.
Pandey
,
Sharde
ndu
Mishra
Journal
of
Pharmac
eutical
Care
Evaluation of
Antidiabetic
prescriptions
from medical
Reimburseme
nt
appilcations
at Banaras
Hindu
University
The objective has
been to provide
pharmacoeconomic
medication to the
diabetic pensioners
i
prospective
observatio
nal study
Study was
carried
out at
tertiary
centre
(i.e.
Medical
College
Hospital)
169 Patients
with
diabetic
and other
co-morbid
diseases
Patients
visiting
general
dept as
outpatients
&who
stayed in
cardiology
less than
24hr
This study reflects
that there is need
to make available
the standard
therapeutic option
at university health
care facility based
upon
pharmacoeconomi
c considerations.

10. DATA COLLECTION FORM TREATMENT CHART

11. REFERENCES:
1. Priya D, Purohit S, Pandey BL, Mishra S. Evaluation of antidiabetic prescriptions from medical reimbursement
applications at Banaras Hindu University health care facility. Journal of Pharmaceutical Care. 2014:49-54.
2. Patel B, Oza B, Patel KP, Malhotra SD, Patel VJ. Pattern of antidiabetic drugs use in type-2 diabetic patients in a medicine
outpatient clinic of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol. 2013 Jul;2(4):485-91.
3. Ashok P, Subrahmanian VT, Raj R, Babu RR, Ramshad TP, Kevin L. Prescription pattern analysis of type II diabetes
mellitus inpatients and associated co-morbidities. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2020 May 15;10(3):42-7
4. Okonta JM, Nduka SO, Idodo VE. Prescribing pattern of antihypertensive and antidiabetic agents in a secondary healthcare
institution in Nigeria. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research. 2013;5(1):12.

12. 5. Khan KA. Drug utilization study of antihyperglycemic agents in outpatients at OPD clinics
in South Indian metropolitan city. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2016;8(5):58-61.
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drugs in type 2 diabetes mellitus at a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India. International
Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health. 2021 Feb;8(2):721.
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diabetic outpatients in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Nepal. J Clin Diagn Res. 2007
Aug 1;1(4):248-55.
8. Mandal S, Maiti T, Das AK, Das A, Mandal A, Sarkar BS, Mandal S. Drug utilization
study in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending diabetes clinic of a tertiary care
hospital in rural Bengal. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Aug;5(4):1647-54.
9. Beg MA, Dutta S, Varma A, Kant R, Bawa S, Anjoom M. Study on drug prescribing
pattern in hypertensive patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital at Dehradun,
Uttarakhand. Int J Med Sci Public Health. 2014 Aug 1;3(8):922-6.