Acupuncturists find it difficult to locate information to support their practice. Their colleagues are one of their most important information sources. The field would benefit from a central repository of verified information on acupuncture. Currently there is no consensus in acupuncture texts and research is difficult to find. Practitioners seek information on herbs, treatments, and interactions with Western medicine. Their patients are also an important source of learning what works in practice.
Information Seeking Theories And Modelsguestab667e
This document provides an overview of information seeking models and theories. It discusses several models of information behavior and information seeking, including models by Wilson, Krikelas, Leckie et al., Bystrom and Jarvelin, and Johnson. It also outlines several theories of information seeking, such as Zipf's Principle of Least Effort, cost-benefit paradigm, uses and gratification theory, and play and entertainment theories. Common information behaviors are also listed and described briefly.
Dr. Reijo Savolainen is a professor known for his research on Everyday Life Information Seeking (ELIS), which examines how people acquire information to solve daily problems or stay informed on current events. ELIS focuses on social and cultural factors that influence information seeking outside of work contexts. Some key factors ELIS considers are gender, age, education level, and how they affect how people accept or reject information.
This document provides an overview of an introductory course on access to information. It discusses different perspectives on what constitutes information, including definitions that see it as encoded data, subjective representations of reality, or something that helps make sense of the world. It also examines problematic issues regarding whether information requires structure, intent, truth or physical embodiment. Different types of information are presented, such as objective external information, subjective internal information, and sense-making information.
The document discusses Wilson's model of information behavior from 1981. [1] It proposes expanding the concept of information seeking to include other modes of behavior such as avoiding information. [2] Wilson defined information behavior as encompassing information seeking as well as unintentional, passive, and purposeful behaviors not involving seeking. [3] The model suggests that information seeking behavior arises from a need perceived by the user and may involve formal or informal sources to satisfy that need.
The document discusses models of information seeking behavior and definitions. It provides an overview of several models:
1. Wilson's 1981 model proposes that information needs arise from basic physiological, cognitive, or affective needs, and that barriers related to personal, social, or environmental contexts can impede information seeking.
2. Dervin's 1983 sense-making theory focuses on how individuals make sense of information.
3. Ellis's 1989/1993 model outlines common information seeking strategies.
4. Kuhlthau's 1991 model describes stages of information seeking, from initial uncertainty to increased understanding.
5. Wilson's 1996 expanded model incorporates insights from other fields to provide a more comprehensive understanding of information behavior
Information Seeking Information LiteracyJohan Koren
This document discusses various concepts related to information seeking and literacy. It defines information seeking as involving search, retrieval, recognition and application of content. It discusses several theories on why people seek information, including being in an anomalous state of knowledge, experiencing uncertainty, or having a gap in understanding. It also covers theories on how and who seeks information. Finally, it discusses related concepts such as information literacy, competence, inquiry-based learning and 21st century skills.
This document discusses several models of information seeking behavior. It describes Kuhlthau's Information Search Process model, which outlines six stages of information seeking from task initiation to search closure. It also covers Ellis' behavioral model identifying eight information seeking patterns, Marchionini's problem-solving model of parallel processes, Wilson's problem-solving model moving from uncertainty to certainty, Belkin's Anomalous State of Knowledge theory focusing on knowledge gaps, and Bates' berrypicking model where search changes direction as new information is found.
The document discusses information seeking and user modeling. It defines information seeking as purposefully engaging in a process to change one's state of knowledge. User modeling involves identifying a user's information needs, context, profile, and mental model of information systems in order to understand how they will seek information. Key aspects of user modeling include determining informational questions or tasks, the user's knowledge level, demographic profile, and expectations of information systems and resources.
Information Seeking Theories And Modelsguestab667e
This document provides an overview of information seeking models and theories. It discusses several models of information behavior and information seeking, including models by Wilson, Krikelas, Leckie et al., Bystrom and Jarvelin, and Johnson. It also outlines several theories of information seeking, such as Zipf's Principle of Least Effort, cost-benefit paradigm, uses and gratification theory, and play and entertainment theories. Common information behaviors are also listed and described briefly.
Dr. Reijo Savolainen is a professor known for his research on Everyday Life Information Seeking (ELIS), which examines how people acquire information to solve daily problems or stay informed on current events. ELIS focuses on social and cultural factors that influence information seeking outside of work contexts. Some key factors ELIS considers are gender, age, education level, and how they affect how people accept or reject information.
This document provides an overview of an introductory course on access to information. It discusses different perspectives on what constitutes information, including definitions that see it as encoded data, subjective representations of reality, or something that helps make sense of the world. It also examines problematic issues regarding whether information requires structure, intent, truth or physical embodiment. Different types of information are presented, such as objective external information, subjective internal information, and sense-making information.
The document discusses Wilson's model of information behavior from 1981. [1] It proposes expanding the concept of information seeking to include other modes of behavior such as avoiding information. [2] Wilson defined information behavior as encompassing information seeking as well as unintentional, passive, and purposeful behaviors not involving seeking. [3] The model suggests that information seeking behavior arises from a need perceived by the user and may involve formal or informal sources to satisfy that need.
The document discusses models of information seeking behavior and definitions. It provides an overview of several models:
1. Wilson's 1981 model proposes that information needs arise from basic physiological, cognitive, or affective needs, and that barriers related to personal, social, or environmental contexts can impede information seeking.
2. Dervin's 1983 sense-making theory focuses on how individuals make sense of information.
3. Ellis's 1989/1993 model outlines common information seeking strategies.
4. Kuhlthau's 1991 model describes stages of information seeking, from initial uncertainty to increased understanding.
5. Wilson's 1996 expanded model incorporates insights from other fields to provide a more comprehensive understanding of information behavior
Information Seeking Information LiteracyJohan Koren
This document discusses various concepts related to information seeking and literacy. It defines information seeking as involving search, retrieval, recognition and application of content. It discusses several theories on why people seek information, including being in an anomalous state of knowledge, experiencing uncertainty, or having a gap in understanding. It also covers theories on how and who seeks information. Finally, it discusses related concepts such as information literacy, competence, inquiry-based learning and 21st century skills.
This document discusses several models of information seeking behavior. It describes Kuhlthau's Information Search Process model, which outlines six stages of information seeking from task initiation to search closure. It also covers Ellis' behavioral model identifying eight information seeking patterns, Marchionini's problem-solving model of parallel processes, Wilson's problem-solving model moving from uncertainty to certainty, Belkin's Anomalous State of Knowledge theory focusing on knowledge gaps, and Bates' berrypicking model where search changes direction as new information is found.
The document discusses information seeking and user modeling. It defines information seeking as purposefully engaging in a process to change one's state of knowledge. User modeling involves identifying a user's information needs, context, profile, and mental model of information systems in order to understand how they will seek information. Key aspects of user modeling include determining informational questions or tasks, the user's knowledge level, demographic profile, and expectations of information systems and resources.
The document provides an overview of information seeking, including definitions, history, key authors, terms used, modes of information seeking, theories of information seeking, and more. It discusses definitions of information seeking from Case and Kuhlthau. Key authors discussed include Robert Taylor, Brenda Dervin, Carol Kuhlthau, Thomas Wilson, Nicholas Belkin, and Elfreda Chatman. Theories of information seeking covered include Taylor's question negotiation, Dervin's sense making, Kuhlthau's information search process, Wilson's models of information seeking, Belkin's anomalous state of knowledge, and Chatman's life in the round.
This document provides an overview of sociological research approaches, including the scientific method and interpretive frameworks. It discusses key aspects of the scientific method such as formulating questions, reviewing existing literature, developing hypotheses about relationships between independent and dependent variables, and emphasizing reliability and validity. Interpretive frameworks are also covered, noting they seek to understand social worlds through in-depth perspectives rather than generalizable results. Research methods like surveys, experiments, and field research are mentioned as tools sociologists use to systematically study human behavior.
Discusses the concept of information seeking and 3 approaches to understanding it: Belkin's ASK hypothesis, Kuhlthau's Information Search Process and Dervin's Sense-Making.
This document discusses various types of qualitative research methods including basic qualitative studies, case study research, content analysis, ethnographic studies, grounded theory research, historical studies, narrative research, and phenomenological research. It provides descriptions and comparisons of these different approaches. For basic qualitative studies, the goal is to understand a phenomenon or experience from the participant's perspective through techniques like interviews and observation. Case study research provides an in-depth look at a single unit or case using multiple data sources. Content analysis examines written or visual materials to describe their characteristics and identify themes. Ethnographic research studies culture and social behavior of a group in their natural setting through immersion and observation.
This document discusses information seeking behavior. It begins by explaining that information is important for today's information society and individuals, especially academics, researchers, and students who need up-to-date information for their work. It then defines information seeking behavior as the actions individuals take to identify information needs, seek out information, evaluate, select and use information from various sources including other people and technology systems. The document also reviews several studies that have explored methodologies for understanding user behaviors and needs, especially in the digital age.
The document discusses several legal, social, ethical and cultural issues related to information. It addresses how information is constructed and can reflect biases. It also discusses economic issues like the costs of storing information and how funding cuts can affect research quality. Cultural issues around how information is transmitted and used are examined, as are implications of the Treaty of Waitangi. Feminist, disability, and ethnic community perspectives on information are also summarized. The document concludes by covering ethical issues like informed consent and limits to confidentiality, as well as social and legal issues.
This document outlines and describes 6 common types of qualitative research designs: phenomenological research, ethnographic research, grounded theory, historical research, case study research, and action research. Phenomenological research examines human experiences through descriptions provided by involved people. Ethnographic research involves collecting information from cultural groups by living with and interviewing knowledgeable members. Grounded theory develops theories inductively from collected data. Historical research systematically evaluates past event data to understand causes and trends. Case studies provide an in-depth analysis of a single example. Action research seeks to improve practices and study the effects of changes.
This document outlines Jamal Anwar Taha's seminar on qualitative research methods. It defines qualitative research as focusing on how people interpret and make sense of their experiences. The seminar discusses main types of qualitative research like case studies, grounded theory, phenomenology, and ethnography. It also covers qualitative data collection techniques such as interviews and observation, and methods of analysis including the funnel approach and triangulation to enhance validity. The strengths and challenges of qualitative research are presented, with a conclusion that it aims to understand meanings in specific contexts through rich data collection and analysis.
Qualitative research aims to provide a detailed and complete understanding of a particular activity or phenomenon. It uses natural settings as data sources and focuses on understanding phenomena from participants' perspectives through flexible designs and inductive analysis. Qualitative research is based on philosophical assumptions that there are multiple realities shaped by social contexts and that facts and values cannot be separated. Common approaches to qualitative research include narrative research, phenomenology, grounded theory, case studies, and ethnographic research. Qualitative research involves purposefully sampling participants, collecting descriptive data through methods like observation and interviews, analyzing and interpreting the data, and drawing conclusions.
Research Ethics and Integrity: How COPE can helpC0pe
COPE assists journals and publishers with publication ethics issues. It describes 10 core practices for maintaining integrity, including policies on authorship, misconduct allegations, plagiarism, conflicts of interest, and complaints. COPE has over 40 council members from various countries and disciplines. It provides resources like guidelines, flowcharts and training to help journals uphold ethical standards. COPE also engages with China on these issues, through seminars, Chinese language materials and responding to the country's new research regulations.
The document discusses various research methods including quantitative, qualitative, participatory, market research, documentation review, focus groups, historical research, and appreciative inquiry. It provides details on the techniques, tools, advantages, and limitations of each method. Quantitative methods use surveys and statistics while qualitative methods rely on interviews and observations. Participatory research prioritizes community empowerment. Market research helps organizations understand customer needs.
Selective Reporting and Misrepresentation of DataSaptarshi Ghosh
The document discusses various issues related to scientific misconduct including fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism. It notes that these practices undermine scientific progress and can cause harm. It defines fabrication as making up data/results and falsification as improperly changing or misreporting data. Plagiarism involves using ideas or words without proper attribution. Maintaining integrity in research is important for objective and reliable science.
This document provides an overview of a book titled "Research and Publication Ethics". It discusses the following key points:
1. It introduces the book and provides its objectives which are to educate about research ethics and publication guidelines set by regulatory bodies like UGC.
2. It summarizes the content of the book which covers topics like philosophy of research, scientific conduct, publication ethics, open access publishing, publication misconduct, databases, research metrics and writing research articles.
3. It mentions that the book is prepared based on UGC's recommended syllabus and aims to promote ethical practices in research and publishing for academicians and researchers.
Publication ethics: Definitions, Introduction and ImportanceVasantha Raju N
The document provides an overview of publication ethics and discusses its importance. It defines publication ethics as the principles and standards associated with publishing scientific research results. This includes giving proper credit and authorship, avoiding plagiarism and duplicate publication, managing conflicts of interest, and not falsifying or fabricating research data. The document highlights various unethical practices like plagiarism, gift authorship, and predatory journals. It also discusses guidelines from organizations like COPE, ICMJE and reporting standards to promote ethical research practices.
Ethics in medical sciences research may not always translate into ethical publications.
Ethical violations in conducting medical research always promote unethical scientific publications.
Published research influences other researchers and establishes credibility for individual or journal.
This document discusses ethics and integrity in data use and management. It begins by defining integrity and ethics. It then discusses key ethical principles like beneficence, respect for persons, and justice. It reviews guidelines and regulations around research ethics. It emphasizes the importance of data integrity and discusses challenges to integrity like human error and fabrication. It also discusses applications of ethics to areas like data collection, analysis, sharing and security. The overall message is that all individuals involved in research have a responsibility to uphold data integrity and ensure ethical data practices.
Introduction to Information Literacy for the Health Sciences Studentmputerba
This document provides an introduction to information literacy for health sciences students. It discusses the importance of being able to find and evaluate reliable health information, both for academic success and future careers in health professions. The document defines information literacy and health information literacy, and notes they have overlapping but different focuses. It also outlines common challenges students may face in selecting research topics, including topics that are too broad or narrow or lacking adequate resources or time. The document stresses the importance of developing strong information literacy skills to be able to serve as trusted health information providers.
Better Knowledge. Better Health? Making Research Relevant, Accessible, and P...Marie Ennis-O'Connor
This document discusses making research more relevant, accessible, and prioritized to patient needs through systematic reviews and knowledge translation. It emphasizes:
1) Involving patients throughout the research process to ensure the questions asked and outcomes measured are truly important to patients.
2) Ensuring research findings are disseminated through various channels in a timely, accessible, and understandable manner so they can inform healthcare decisions.
3) The importance of validity, relevance, and translating research into practical applications to benefit patients.
Negotiating Expertise: PACS and the Challenges to Radiologyatillack
This document summarizes a study examining how the adoption of PACS has impacted professional relationships between radiologists and clinicians and the role of radiologists in patient care teams. Through interviews and observations, the study found that radiologists interact much less with clinicians after PACS, which has marginalized their expertise and role on care teams as clinicians increasingly interpret images themselves. However, some radiologists are taking steps like embedding in clinical areas and conferences to rebuild trust and expertise. Future research will explore how trust can be established through alternate communication modes like telemedicine.
The document provides an overview of information seeking, including definitions, history, key authors, terms used, modes of information seeking, theories of information seeking, and more. It discusses definitions of information seeking from Case and Kuhlthau. Key authors discussed include Robert Taylor, Brenda Dervin, Carol Kuhlthau, Thomas Wilson, Nicholas Belkin, and Elfreda Chatman. Theories of information seeking covered include Taylor's question negotiation, Dervin's sense making, Kuhlthau's information search process, Wilson's models of information seeking, Belkin's anomalous state of knowledge, and Chatman's life in the round.
This document provides an overview of sociological research approaches, including the scientific method and interpretive frameworks. It discusses key aspects of the scientific method such as formulating questions, reviewing existing literature, developing hypotheses about relationships between independent and dependent variables, and emphasizing reliability and validity. Interpretive frameworks are also covered, noting they seek to understand social worlds through in-depth perspectives rather than generalizable results. Research methods like surveys, experiments, and field research are mentioned as tools sociologists use to systematically study human behavior.
Discusses the concept of information seeking and 3 approaches to understanding it: Belkin's ASK hypothesis, Kuhlthau's Information Search Process and Dervin's Sense-Making.
This document discusses various types of qualitative research methods including basic qualitative studies, case study research, content analysis, ethnographic studies, grounded theory research, historical studies, narrative research, and phenomenological research. It provides descriptions and comparisons of these different approaches. For basic qualitative studies, the goal is to understand a phenomenon or experience from the participant's perspective through techniques like interviews and observation. Case study research provides an in-depth look at a single unit or case using multiple data sources. Content analysis examines written or visual materials to describe their characteristics and identify themes. Ethnographic research studies culture and social behavior of a group in their natural setting through immersion and observation.
This document discusses information seeking behavior. It begins by explaining that information is important for today's information society and individuals, especially academics, researchers, and students who need up-to-date information for their work. It then defines information seeking behavior as the actions individuals take to identify information needs, seek out information, evaluate, select and use information from various sources including other people and technology systems. The document also reviews several studies that have explored methodologies for understanding user behaviors and needs, especially in the digital age.
The document discusses several legal, social, ethical and cultural issues related to information. It addresses how information is constructed and can reflect biases. It also discusses economic issues like the costs of storing information and how funding cuts can affect research quality. Cultural issues around how information is transmitted and used are examined, as are implications of the Treaty of Waitangi. Feminist, disability, and ethnic community perspectives on information are also summarized. The document concludes by covering ethical issues like informed consent and limits to confidentiality, as well as social and legal issues.
This document outlines and describes 6 common types of qualitative research designs: phenomenological research, ethnographic research, grounded theory, historical research, case study research, and action research. Phenomenological research examines human experiences through descriptions provided by involved people. Ethnographic research involves collecting information from cultural groups by living with and interviewing knowledgeable members. Grounded theory develops theories inductively from collected data. Historical research systematically evaluates past event data to understand causes and trends. Case studies provide an in-depth analysis of a single example. Action research seeks to improve practices and study the effects of changes.
This document outlines Jamal Anwar Taha's seminar on qualitative research methods. It defines qualitative research as focusing on how people interpret and make sense of their experiences. The seminar discusses main types of qualitative research like case studies, grounded theory, phenomenology, and ethnography. It also covers qualitative data collection techniques such as interviews and observation, and methods of analysis including the funnel approach and triangulation to enhance validity. The strengths and challenges of qualitative research are presented, with a conclusion that it aims to understand meanings in specific contexts through rich data collection and analysis.
Qualitative research aims to provide a detailed and complete understanding of a particular activity or phenomenon. It uses natural settings as data sources and focuses on understanding phenomena from participants' perspectives through flexible designs and inductive analysis. Qualitative research is based on philosophical assumptions that there are multiple realities shaped by social contexts and that facts and values cannot be separated. Common approaches to qualitative research include narrative research, phenomenology, grounded theory, case studies, and ethnographic research. Qualitative research involves purposefully sampling participants, collecting descriptive data through methods like observation and interviews, analyzing and interpreting the data, and drawing conclusions.
Research Ethics and Integrity: How COPE can helpC0pe
COPE assists journals and publishers with publication ethics issues. It describes 10 core practices for maintaining integrity, including policies on authorship, misconduct allegations, plagiarism, conflicts of interest, and complaints. COPE has over 40 council members from various countries and disciplines. It provides resources like guidelines, flowcharts and training to help journals uphold ethical standards. COPE also engages with China on these issues, through seminars, Chinese language materials and responding to the country's new research regulations.
The document discusses various research methods including quantitative, qualitative, participatory, market research, documentation review, focus groups, historical research, and appreciative inquiry. It provides details on the techniques, tools, advantages, and limitations of each method. Quantitative methods use surveys and statistics while qualitative methods rely on interviews and observations. Participatory research prioritizes community empowerment. Market research helps organizations understand customer needs.
Selective Reporting and Misrepresentation of DataSaptarshi Ghosh
The document discusses various issues related to scientific misconduct including fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism. It notes that these practices undermine scientific progress and can cause harm. It defines fabrication as making up data/results and falsification as improperly changing or misreporting data. Plagiarism involves using ideas or words without proper attribution. Maintaining integrity in research is important for objective and reliable science.
This document provides an overview of a book titled "Research and Publication Ethics". It discusses the following key points:
1. It introduces the book and provides its objectives which are to educate about research ethics and publication guidelines set by regulatory bodies like UGC.
2. It summarizes the content of the book which covers topics like philosophy of research, scientific conduct, publication ethics, open access publishing, publication misconduct, databases, research metrics and writing research articles.
3. It mentions that the book is prepared based on UGC's recommended syllabus and aims to promote ethical practices in research and publishing for academicians and researchers.
Publication ethics: Definitions, Introduction and ImportanceVasantha Raju N
The document provides an overview of publication ethics and discusses its importance. It defines publication ethics as the principles and standards associated with publishing scientific research results. This includes giving proper credit and authorship, avoiding plagiarism and duplicate publication, managing conflicts of interest, and not falsifying or fabricating research data. The document highlights various unethical practices like plagiarism, gift authorship, and predatory journals. It also discusses guidelines from organizations like COPE, ICMJE and reporting standards to promote ethical research practices.
Ethics in medical sciences research may not always translate into ethical publications.
Ethical violations in conducting medical research always promote unethical scientific publications.
Published research influences other researchers and establishes credibility for individual or journal.
This document discusses ethics and integrity in data use and management. It begins by defining integrity and ethics. It then discusses key ethical principles like beneficence, respect for persons, and justice. It reviews guidelines and regulations around research ethics. It emphasizes the importance of data integrity and discusses challenges to integrity like human error and fabrication. It also discusses applications of ethics to areas like data collection, analysis, sharing and security. The overall message is that all individuals involved in research have a responsibility to uphold data integrity and ensure ethical data practices.
Introduction to Information Literacy for the Health Sciences Studentmputerba
This document provides an introduction to information literacy for health sciences students. It discusses the importance of being able to find and evaluate reliable health information, both for academic success and future careers in health professions. The document defines information literacy and health information literacy, and notes they have overlapping but different focuses. It also outlines common challenges students may face in selecting research topics, including topics that are too broad or narrow or lacking adequate resources or time. The document stresses the importance of developing strong information literacy skills to be able to serve as trusted health information providers.
Better Knowledge. Better Health? Making Research Relevant, Accessible, and P...Marie Ennis-O'Connor
This document discusses making research more relevant, accessible, and prioritized to patient needs through systematic reviews and knowledge translation. It emphasizes:
1) Involving patients throughout the research process to ensure the questions asked and outcomes measured are truly important to patients.
2) Ensuring research findings are disseminated through various channels in a timely, accessible, and understandable manner so they can inform healthcare decisions.
3) The importance of validity, relevance, and translating research into practical applications to benefit patients.
Negotiating Expertise: PACS and the Challenges to Radiologyatillack
This document summarizes a study examining how the adoption of PACS has impacted professional relationships between radiologists and clinicians and the role of radiologists in patient care teams. Through interviews and observations, the study found that radiologists interact much less with clinicians after PACS, which has marginalized their expertise and role on care teams as clinicians increasingly interpret images themselves. However, some radiologists are taking steps like embedding in clinical areas and conferences to rebuild trust and expertise. Future research will explore how trust can be established through alternate communication modes like telemedicine.
This document provides information and guidance for health sciences students on developing information literacy skills. It defines information literacy and health information literacy as the abilities needed to find, evaluate, and apply relevant information to make good health decisions. The document emphasizes that these skills are important for students' academic success and future professional work, when communicating health information and advising patients. It highlights authoritative library resources that can help students conduct reliable research.
The document discusses developing research topics and questions using the PICOT/PICO model to structure clinical questions for literature searches. It provides an example PICOT question and discusses each element of the model. It also notes that considering synonyms can help locate additional relevant literature and that searching appropriate sources is important to find the most recent and high-quality nursing information. Developing structured questions helps ensure literature searches remain organized and address all aspects of the clinical question.
This document provides an introduction to research fundamentals for activists. It discusses key concepts like quantitative and qualitative research, research ethics, study designs and interpreting results. The goal is to build activists' research literacy so they can engage in evidence-based advocacy. Some highlights include:
- Community advisory boards can help ensure research addresses community priorities and concerns.
- Quantitative research uses numerical data and closed-ended questions, while qualitative explores beliefs and experiences through open-ended questions. Both have pros and cons depending on the question.
- HIV activists have a long history of using scientific evidence to inform their advocacy agenda and influence research agendas to better address their communities' needs.
- Research ethics principles like respect,
Scientific Fraud, Retractions, and the Future of Scientific PublishingIvan Oransky
Ivan Oransky gave a presentation on scientific fraud, retractions, and the future of scientific publishing. He discussed the rise in retractions, particularly due to image manipulation and fake data. Most retractions are due to misconduct. Highly cited fraudulent papers continue to be cited even after retraction. Journals often fail to adequately notify readers of retractions. There is a move toward more transparency in retraction notices and post-publication peer review. However, not all are happy with the increased authority of sites like PubPeer to represent the scientific community. Oransky concluded that crime does not pay anymore in scientific publishing, while doing the right thing is being recognized.
This presentation was funded by CDC and PEPFAR through the SUCCEED project at Stellenbosch University. The presentation was delivered by Ms Lynn Hendricks from the Centre for Evidence Based Health Care in July 2017
This document provides an overview of a presentation about providing consumer health information services at libraries. It discusses the needs of library patrons for health information, challenges in reference interviews, importance of health literacy, planning a consumer health service, collection development, evaluating online health resources, marketing services, and collaborating with health partners. Key topics include the impact of health literacy on individuals and society, ethics and privacy in consumer health, and resources for librarians.
Florida National University Nursing Leadership Discussion.pdfsdfghj21
This document discusses several topics related to nursing ethics including:
1. It provides examples of behaviors that may be considered ethical but illegal, legal but unethical, illegal and unethical, or legal and ethical.
2. It differentiates between deontological theories, utilitarianism, and principlism as ethical frameworks.
3. It asks questions about disclosing a poor prognosis or private health information to clients against their or their family's wishes.
This document provides an overview of evidence-based nursing practice and how to effectively search for and evaluate evidence. It defines evidence-based practice as using the best available evidence from research to improve clinical practice. A 5-step process is outlined: formulating a question, searching literature, critically appraising evidence, applying evidence to practice, and re-evaluating. Guidance is given on formulating search strategies using PICO and searching various library databases and resources like Cochrane and CINAHL to find relevant evidence to answer clinical questions.
Part 1 Introduction to Evidence-based Medicine Literature SearchingImad Hassan
Evidence-based medicine involves integrating the best available research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values. It uses a three pronged approach considering the best evidence, clinical expertise, and patient preferences. Practitioners must be able to ask clinical questions, acquire the best evidence such as through literature searches, assess the evidence through critical appraisal, and apply the evidence to their patients. Literature searching is an important skill for healthcare professionals to master to engage in evidence-based practice and lifelong learning. It requires understanding key concepts and having certain prerequisites such as knowing how to use search tools and formulate clinical questions.
Introduction to health informatics : Research Questions Naz Torabi
This document provides an overview of conducting a literature review in health informatics. It discusses formulating a research question, identifying relevant resources like PubMed and Scopus, developing search strategies using keywords and MeSH terms, evaluating search results, and organizing findings to write a literature review. PubMed is described as a biomedical database that can be searched using MeSH or keywords to locate journal citations and abstracts. Steps for structuring a PubMed search around a sample question on the efficiency of St. John's wort for smoking cessation are outlined.
Evidence Based Medicine involves integrating the best available research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values. It is a 5-step process: 1) framing a clinical question, 2) finding the best evidence, 3) critically appraising the evidence, 4) integrating the evidence into practice, and 5) evaluating the process. The hierarchy of evidence ranks randomized controlled trials highest, while expert opinion is lowest. Several sources can be used to find evidence, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, UptoDate, and clinical guidelines websites. Skill is required to perform efficient searches and appraise evidence critically.
Animal Experimentation Successes And Clinical Research...Laura Arrigo
This essay discusses the politics and economics surrounding the FDA's drug approval process. There is pressure on the FDA from Congress, the public, and pharmaceutical companies to speed up approval of new drugs. While faster approval can help patients, it may compromise safety. The FDA must balance these competing interests. The essay provides historical context on the FDA's evolution and expanded authorities over time to regulate an increasing scope of products that impact public health and safety. It also notes the appointment of Jane Heney as the first female FDA commissioner in 1998.
This document provides resources for clinical reasoning exercises for psychiatry clerks. It discusses formulating clinical research questions using the PICO framework and identifying relevant databases for searching. It also covers applying basic criteria to appraise evidence quality, such as publication type, sample size, methodology. Contact information is provided for the librarian as a resource for more information on search strategies, citation styles, and databases.
COLLAPSETop of FormThe proper MLA citation for my four outside.docxmccormicknadine86
This persuasive essay argues that physician-assisted suicide should be illegal. The author, a nursing student, aims to convince healthcare providers of this by highlighting that physician-assisted suicide violates the Hippocratic Oath of helping patients and conflicts with the ethical view that human life is sacred. While some states have legalized physician-assisted suicide under certain guidelines, the author believes this practice should be abolished due to concerns about misdiagnoses and the potential abuse of vulnerable patients. Instead of assisted suicide, the essay advocates for increased palliative care and pain management to relieve suffering at the end of life.
This document discusses the importance of keeping up to date with medical literature for physicians. It notes that over 10,000 new articles are published per week, making it impossible for doctors to read everything. The document then provides guidance on critically evaluating medical literature, including understanding study designs and assessing validity, results, and applicability. It emphasizes applying a systematic approach to identify relevant information and avoid bias. Specific guidance is provided on appraising different study types, such as randomized trials, diagnostic tests, systematic reviews, cohort studies, and case-control studies.
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إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
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IB of Acupunturists
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2. The Information World of Acupuncturists LIS 510 Team 6 – Autumn 2009 Jessica Bottomly Jack Falk Kathy Mar Lisa Tegethoff
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8. Acupuncture in the mainstream? Much early prejudice to overcome 3.1 million US adults and 150,000 children treated with acupuncture in past year – 2007 National Health Interview Survey Estimated 20,000+ licensed acupuncturists in US – American Cancer Society
14. A dearth of articles written about the information behavior of acupuncturists. A few of the search terms we used: acupuncture + behavior acupuncture + information needs acupuncturist + behavior acupuncturist + information needs acupuncture + information acupuncture + seek acupuncturist + information acupuncturist + seek
16. Key Concept #1: Acupuncture practitioners find it difficult to locate the information they seek.
17. Key Concept #1: “Most importantly, our results showed that they frequently did not find the information they sought.” -- Owen et al.
18. Key Concept #1: “Many physicians are reluctant to endorse CAM and are concerned about the lack of evidence to support CAM.” -- Suter et al.
19. “Currently there is poor understanding of what practitioners perceive about, and need from, reports of acupuncture research.” -- Claraco et al. Key Concept #1:
20. Key Concept #2: Acupuncture practitioners find their colleagues to be one of the best sources of information.
21. Key Concept #2: “[I]nformalconsultation with colleagues plays a vital role in medical communication, and…rivals books and journals for first place among preferred information sources.” -- Haug
22. Key Concept #2: “Physicians indicated that they rely mainly on peer-reviewed journals and colleagues for information.” -- Suter et al.
23. Key Concept #2: “Of the sources they accessed for information, 46% of the respondents found their colleagues to be “somewhat” or “very useful.” -- Owen et al.
24. Key Concept #3: The field of acupuncture would benefit from a central repository of verified information.
25. Key Concept #3: “[I]mportantinformation can often only be found in the ‘gray literature,’ such as trade journals, pamphlets, conference proceedings, and market research reports.” -- Owen et al.
26. Key Concept #3: “Despite the growing popularity of CAM, little is known about the licensed health professionals who provide them, the patients they treat, the services they provide...” -- Cherkin et al.
27. Key Concept #3: “There is no consensus in the acupuncture texts.” -- Berman
39. Points of interestBasic statistics, such as means and histogram tables, were used to describe the data. We’ll discuss stats at length later in this presentation.
40. Interviews Our team administered standardized, open-ended interviews with three acupuncturists Each interview was conducted using the same set of 20 questions The questions were mainly experience- and behavior-related, with a smattering of other types (e.g., background/demographic, opinion, knowledge) The interview questions were designed to go into more detail than the survey was able to provide
44. Fieldwork Survey Sources of Information Frequency and quality of information Open survey questions Corresponding Interview Comments
45. Sources of Information:Categorical Questions Colleagues, Databases, Journals, Librarians/Library, News/media/popular press, Personal Files, Textbooks, the Internet, and Other Participants constrained to categories
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48. “Probably the way I get most of my information is my colleagues or coworkers.” “Usually, other practitioners.”
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51. “I don't pay too much attention to journals.” “I don't…There is a journal that I don't subscribe to, but that I get. It's called Acupuncture Today. They blanket-mail it to every licensed acupuncturist about once a month.” “…the naturopathic stuff. I really like Thorne Research. They have a really good journal…”
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53. “The library at OCOM, even if we’re reluctant to go back, we all use it. They have lots of research and magazines and old texts…you would never own because they are expensive, or in Chinese.” “There are a lot of journals out there, but the Library has them so if I need one, I can find it there.” “In the allopathic world, I hear stories of medical students who tear out the pages in the medical textbooks in the library so that only they can learn it, other people can't learn it. “
60. Frequency and Quality of Information How often? How much time? Successful? How many resources? Constrained responses in all but time response
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62. The last time you looked for acupuncture-related information approximately how much time did you spend in number of minutes? Average 40 minutes Large spread Dispersed Larger amounts relative to the spread
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65. Open Survey Questions Posed in order to find unpredicted trends Participants were allowed to freely respond without prompting
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67. “You can do an herbal track, so if you're talking about herbs and internal conditions” “…there’s a road block and I can’t find anything.” “…Western-style research [is] like, ‘Is acupuncture more helpful or is this drug more helpful’ and that doesn’t tell us really anything….[we need] more studies where ‘We tried these 2 herbal formulas’ or ‘We tried these 2 types of treatments’ ”
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69. “I learn about their suffering, and their conditions of life. My patients are my teachers; I learn what works.” “I learn what works and what doesn't work from my patients.” “[I learn] more than you could ever imagine [from my patients].”
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71. “The seminars are the places that you most often see the acupuncturists together.”
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74. The Information World of Acupuncturists http://perezbebe.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/acupuncture.jpg An IB Model
In the course of our literature review, one thing became abundantly clear: there is a dearth of articles written about the information behavior of acupuncturists. We spent several hours trolling the University of Washington library site using a variety of search terms in order to track down relevant papers.
Once we found relevant articles, we discovered three key concepts running through the research.
The most helpful article we found was by David J. Owen and Min-Lin E. Fang. The main purpose of their paper was to investigate and describe information seeking behavior of health professionals seeking information about complementary alternative medicine, which is what acupuncture falls under. It is based on a quantitative and qualitative survey of University of California, San Francisco, health professionals who were seeking CAM-related information.
In Esther Suter’s paper she and her colleagues determined that the physicians, residents, and medical students whom they contacted had a growing interest in learning about CAM, but they admitted that they had little actual knowledge.This article sets the tone for our presentation: people are interested, but there isn’t much information out there.
AlejandroCleraco’s paper discusses what clinicians need to know w/r/t clinical acupuncture research. His findings reveal that the system for imparting information related to acupuncture research is sorely deficient. Not only is it hard for practitioners to find the research, it’s also difficult to determine what exactly the practitioners need and perceive from said research.
James Haug asks the question “What sources of information do physicians use to answer questions arising in their clinical practices?” His findings? When his article was written in 1997 – which precedes the explosion of the Internet and the vast amount of information available on the world wide web – it seems that physicians used books and journals most frequently, with colleagues listed as resources nearly as often.
EstherSuter again iterates the importance of colleagues when seeking complementary alternative medicine-related information.
David Owen notes that when the health professionals he surveyed were able to find complementary alternative medicine-related information, it turned out that their colleagues were ranked highest in terms of usefulness.
Owen points out that a lot of important CAM-related information is relegated to what he terms “gray literature” – things such as trade journals, pamphlets, conference proceedings, and market research reports.
Daniel Cherkin points out that though the field is growing in popularity, its validity remains vague. People don’t know where to find out information about practitioners.
Brian Bermangoeson to mention “the absence of a gold standard” which sums up nicely the problem: The field of acupuncture lacks a governing body. This deficit has a ripple effect on anyone who may be interested in acupuncture therapy: practitioners who seek information about procedures and clinical research; patients who seek information about treatment or qualified practitioners; people interested in finding out how effective acupuncture is; medical professionals who are curious about eastern medicine… There is no information clearinghouse that can help answer the many questions about acupuncture.
This part of the presentation discusses the methodology used to research the information behavior of acupuncturists.
Our team is made up of two people in Seattle, WA, and two people in Portland, OR, so we focused on acupuncture practitioners in those two cities. Our research included a survey, three indepth interviews, and a review of literature.
We created an online survey for acupuncture practitioners to fill out using WebQ in our Catalyst tools. The survey was composed of 14 simple questions, including multiple choice, write-in, and ranking the usefulness of various information sources.
The survey was administered to acupuncture practitioners at the OCOM, SIOM, SHAC, and an estimated 10 individual practitioners. We’d like to ensure you that no kitties were harmed during the creation of this presentation.
MUSIC CUE: (Gong). Welcome to the Fieldwork section . In this section we will be combining survey in interview information.
In the fieldwork discussion I’ll be going over Sources of Information, frequency and quality of information, and open survey questions. Dispersed throughout the field work slides will be comments from interviewees that correlate with the data.