This persuasive essay argues that physician-assisted suicide should be illegal. The author, a nursing student, aims to convince healthcare providers of this by highlighting that physician-assisted suicide violates the Hippocratic Oath of helping patients and conflicts with the ethical view that human life is sacred. While some states have legalized physician-assisted suicide under certain guidelines, the author believes this practice should be abolished due to concerns about misdiagnoses and the potential abuse of vulnerable patients. Instead of assisted suicide, the essay advocates for increased palliative care and pain management to relieve suffering at the end of life.

1. COLLAPSE
Top of Form
The proper MLA citation for my four outside scources are
1. “Code of Ethics for the
CRNA.” AANA, www.aana.com/practice/clinical-practice-
resources/code-of-ethics-for-the-CRNA.
2. Jessica. “CRNA Blog.” Nurse Jess, 16 May 2019,
nursejess.com/.
3. Nelle. “What Your Nursing Textbook Didn't Teach.” Nurse
Nelle, Nurse Nelle, 4 Apr. 2014, www.nursenelle.com/new-
blog/nursing-textbook-didnt-teach.
4. Tawoda, Taryn. “5 Issues in the CRNA Supervision Debate:
Anesthesiologists Weigh In.” Becker's ASC Review, 31 May
2012, www.beckersasc.com/anesthesia/5-issues-in-the-crna-
supervision-debate-anesthesiologists-weigh-in.html
AANA is the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists which
provides numerous or resources from ethics to practice
requirements. The proper citation is listed as number 1 above.
The association is a really credible source because it is an
reputable source available to anyone who wants to know more
about nurse anesthetists or looking for opportunities to further
their career paths. The purpose of AANA is to provide
numerous resources from what it requires to become a nurse
anesthetists to what the board of nursing requires you to learn
or acquire to be considered in the discourse. This is a good
source for me to discuss my discourse community because the
article found on AANA is about code of ethics for nurse
anesthetists. This is what our ethnics should look like and what
makes our discourse so different.
Nurse Jess is the author of this blog site. She is credible
because she has taken her journey to the blog to help aspiring
cRNA and cRNA to see what her career is like. Her purpose is
to give us a real life insight on what measures we are willing to
take if we are serious and passionate about our job. This is a

2. good source for my paper and will help me discuss my discourse
community in terms on what we are willing to learn to belong to
this discourse. The proper MLA citation to her blog is listed as
number 2 above.
Nurse Nelle is also an author of her own blog. She is credible
because she is a real life cRNA who was not afraid to acquire
her nursing skills. She took her chances in the hospital when
she was getting experiences in which help her acquire skills she
never knew she can ever have. Her purpose in creating the text I
am using in my paper is acquiring skills if we take the chance.
This is a good source for my paper because it helps me discuss
the skills we can acquire in my discourse community. The
proper mla citation format is listed above as number 3.
Tawoda is the author of the article cited in proper MLA as
number 4. She is credible for me to use as a source for my paper
because she has interviewed credible physicians who gave their
input and opinions about cRNA. The author’s purpose for
creating the text I am using is to give us a lens from a
physician’s perspective on why cRNA are not as credible as
they can be in the medical field. This is a good source for my
paper and it will help me discuss my course community because
the biggest conflict discourse is anesthetists physician’s believe
we are not qualified to perform independently without
supervision because of the educational training difference. They
believe we are not educated enough to make a critical decision
for a patient in a state of emergency.
Bottom of Form
Running head: PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE MIND MAP
1
PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE MIND MAP
2
Physician-Assisted Suicide Mind Map

3. Main topic: why should it be illegalized?
Sub-points:
1. Doctors must treat patients following Hippocratic Oath
proclaims
2. Physicians should practice palliative care instead of using
lethal drugs to kill terminally ill patients.
Main topic: Euthanasia is harmful because it doesn’t allow
people to see human life as sacred
Sub-topics:
1. The Hippocratic Oath isn’t compatible with Euthanasia
2. Analyze the risk in providing state mandates for or against
doctor-assisted suicide.
Physician-assisted suicide
Main topic: consequences of legalizing PAS
Sub-topics:
1. Decreased physician professionalism
2. the possibility of error
3. A diminished physician-patient relationship, and
4. A slippery slope toward the practice of euthanasia.
Main topic: what we can do to make it illegal?
Sub-topics:

4. 1. Practice hospice care that allows people to die with dignity.
2. To relieve pain instead of killing.
3. To help friends, patients and families face up to death.
Keywords: physician-assisted suicide, Hippocratic Oath, lethal-
medications, palliative care, hospice care, legalization, and
illegalization.
Main topic: Physician-assisted suicide should be illegal
Main Idea 1: Euthanasia is harmful because it doesn’t allow
people to see human life as sacred.
A. The Hippocratic Oath isn’t compatible with Euthanasia.
1. Physician-assisted suicide according to Brueck & Sulmasy
(2019) is the point whereby doctors provide a platform for
ending the life of a terminally ill patient.
2. The Hippocratic Oath is the standards that doctors are
expected to maintain.
B. Euthanasia encourages abuse, allowing doctors to justify
murder by framing it in compassionate terms.
1. Laws were written to protect people from killing.
2. The abuse of sedation techniques can be euthanasia.
Main Idea 2: the quality of life for the past years has been
increased by the technological advancement.
A. Before, there were no breakthroughs with the opportunity of
saving lives and later history will help save even more lives.
1. Modern respirators and defibrillator are examples of
Innovations that been used in medical technology to correct
abnormal heartbeats and saving lives (Byock, 2016).

5. 2. Medical response trauma teams are the current recommended
executive nursing policies used during the care of terminally ill
patients (Knaplund, 2010).
B. Despite these remarkable breakthroughs that help those badly
injured, the law becomes vague and allows more opportunities
for misinterpretation on defining death.
1. The President’s Commission forced the U.S Supreme Court
and healthcare facilities to make tough decisions regarding
death.
2. Society views made gradual dying as a medical crisis instead
of accepting a natural process of life as a norm.
Main Idea 3: hospice care is the alternative care used by
doctors to reduce the pain of terminally-ill patients instead of
ending a life (Elmore, Wright & Paradis, 2018).
A. Hospice is a better alternative care than killing a patient.
1. Some thought dying that it made sense that a man chose to
die in his house surrounded by family and made comfortably by
hospice doctors and nurses.
2. A physician expressed his findings in Hospice, “You can only
fail a patient if you fail to understand and respond to their needs
(Brueck & Sulmasy, 2019).
B. Hospice gradually became known to help patients that know
they only have a few months to live.
1. Palliative care is given to patients to ease their symptoms and
pain.
2. Hospice care is given by doctors for as long time as possible
as long as the terminally ill patient is improving (Byock, 2016).
Conclusion
Even though mercy killing remains to be a controversial topic,
killing ought to never be legalized. Because of therapeutic
advances made by innovation and analysts, they have
discovered hospice care as an option for the in critical
condition. Life is a valuable blessing. Killing opposes
fundamental standards of life. Despite the fact that patients fear
death and may see no hope, they should be continually helped to
remember the alternatives in contrast to killing.

6. References
Byock, I. (2016). The case against physician-assisted suicide
and euthanasia. The Oxford handbook of ethics at the end of
life, 366.
Brueck, M. A., & Sulmasy, D. P. (2019). The genealogy of
death: A chronology of US organizations promoting euthanasia
and assisted suicide. Palliative & supportive care, 17(5), 604-
608.
Elmore, J., Wright, D. K., & Paradis, M. (2018). Nurses’ moral
experiences of assisted death: A meta-synthesis of qualitative
research. Nursing Ethics, 25(8), 955-972.
Knaplund, K. S. (2010). Montana becomes third our state to
allow physician aid in dying. American Bar Association Section
of Real Property, Trust, and Estate Law eReport, Forthcoming.
Feedback for 2-2 Assignment: Writing Notes
I left a lot of notes on the doc and rubric, so I won't go deep
here, but it seems to me if your argument is to take into account
that this has been legal in a few states for a while now, it should
really focus on what has happened in those states that is a
negative consequence of the policy. I was trying to mentally
align the concerns you listed with the actual policy, and I wasn't
sure I was getting a compelling reason not to practice this, but a
list of concerns ABOUT its practice. Are you arguing for
abolishing the practice, or more stringent guidelines and things
that doctors should consider before even entertaining this as an
option?
Below are the areas of the paper with feedback to be revised.
Writing Plan: Argument

7. · Describes the argument to be addressed through the essay,
including how the argument is derived from major that is being
considered or field of work
Writing Plan: Key Points
· Determines key points and rationale that will be helpful in
supporting the validity of the argument.
· Mostly aligned with argument, but you mentioned one line
about unintended consequences that got me thinking. This is
already legal in some places. What exactly are the unintended
consequences? I mean, people who want to die, die. Is that it?
See note on doc.
Writing Plan: Audience
· Identifies audience and determines potential challenges
· Doctors? Or voters? I was a little confused.
Running head: PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE
1
PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE
2
Physician-Assisted Suicide Persuasion

8. Physician-Assisted Suicide
The major I am pursuing is my Bachelors in Nursing, and with
my persuasive essay I intend to convince healthcare providers in
this persuasive essay that physician-assisted suicide (PAS) must
be considered illegal and it should not be practiced in any
hospital that values human life. I had to tell them while
observing the ethical aspects and value of a human soul
alongside the biblical worldview that physician assisted suicide
is killing regardless of how you stage or justify the act.
Doctors, before they start practicing their profession, make the
vow of helping patients and help with the progression of
medication. On the off chance that a patient is critically ill, they
can be made comfortable with drugs like morphine that are
deliberately given through IV or orally to help reduce or stop
any pain or misery the patient is experiencing.
There are several reasons that support my argument. Some of
them are positive while others are negative. But, since the
benefits exceed the negative ones, this practice should be
dismissed. For one, we ought not, as a rule, give physicians the
privilege to help kill their patients. The entire history of
medication has been one of improved healing or, in terminal
cases, reduced pain; killing, which debases life to the point of
liquidation, is the exact inverse of good and mindful medical
care (Knaplund, 2010). To legalize suicide along these lines is
to weaponize the therapeutic system against the very individuals
to which it ought to be generally attentive. A second reason why
PAS may sound interesting is that individuals believe that
others ought to be put out of their misery in the event that they
are in pain. Rather than having the doctors take the easy way
out and simply recommend lethal drugs to the patient, I figure
physicians should search for better approaches to relieve the

9. pain. Another issue with allowing individuals to be prescribed
lethal dosages of medication is that the prognosis the physician
gave them could not be right. According to Brueck & Sulmasy
(2019), PAS is practiced legally in three states only in the
United States. Montana, Washington, and Oregon allow doctors
to perform PAS under the guidelines of the Death with Dignity
Act. The act contains stringent patient eligibility measures. For
example, the Oregon Death with Dignity Act (ODDA) allows
doctors to give a lethal dose of the drug to diagnosed fatally
sick patients. The patients understand that this medication when
taken will take their life within a couple of moments of taking
the medication. All together for an individual to acquire this
prescription as expressed before in the Death with Dignity Act,
they must have a prognosis of a half-year or less, in which a
patient would be considered Hospice or on Hospice care. Who is
to state that what the physician or doctors said is 100 percent
sure? It isn't, and that ought to be considered. Since we've
looked at the issues that emerge with PAS and why it ought to
be kept illegal, we should look at an alternative in contrast to
PAS and how we can keep this illegal.
This essay is meant for the doctors who oppose the fact that
physician-assisted suicide should not be declared illegal
because they are the key victims of assisting patients in killing
themselves. I had to remind them that it is just a few states that
legalize mercy killing, and majority of the states are against the
act and law is clear that on the off chance that a physician is
found guilty of murder indictments. So in addition to the fact
that PAS is a shameless act but unlawful. In this manner mercy
killing ought not to be allowed because it conflicts with the
ethical beliefs that human life is relevant (Elmore, Wright &
Paradis, 2018). My challenge is to reaffirm to physicians the
moral and ethical aspects of valuing human life even in critical
conditions.
To ensure proper completion of this essay, there will be need of
using various resources. One of the resources would be data
from various healthcare facility cases about physician-assisted

10. suicide. This data according to Brueck & Sulmasy (2019) will
assist in giving the proper demographic of the doctors and
patients who participates in this illegal act. Another important
resource would be conduction of interviews among patients to
enable get proper data and the feeling of those who choose
mercy killing using lethal drugs by the aid of physicians. This
will enable come up with a content loaded paper.
My goal in this persuasive essay is to assist individuals in
separating their private wishes for what we each may would like
to have access for ourselves sometime in the not so distant
future — an expectation that frequently neglects to see how
assisted suicide really works — and, rather, focus on the
significant risks we put ourselves into when we legalize PAS as
public policy in our society today. PAS would have many
unintended consequences.
These resources will greatly help in coming up with a valid
essay on PAS. For instance, data from various facilities will
help in confirming the assertion that People on both sides of the
PAS debate care about suffering people and want to prevent
intolerable suffering (Byock, 2016). PAS is more rampant to
terminally ill patients. This data will thus act as undisputable
evidence. The interview conducted among various groups of
people will give the patients, and doctors who want the act
legalized an opportunity to confess themselves that they support
the practice. These resources will help me from a stronger
foundation for the essay.
It is of great essentiality to persuade physicians who assist
patients to kill themselves when they are terminally ill that it is
against human right and it devalues the dignity of a person.
Certainly killing and assisted suicide will keep on being
popularized and authorized. But, we should oppose this
tenacious march of sanitized, commended demise. A civilized
culture doesn't murder the most fragile, most debilitated and
generally powerless of its people; we are better than this,
regardless of whether barely some states are definitely not.

11. References
Byock, I. (2016). The case against physician-assisted suicide
and euthanasia. The Oxford
handbook of ethics at the end of life, 366.
Brueck, M. A., & Sulmasy, D. P. (2019). The genealogy of
death: A chronology of US
organizations promoting euthanasia and assisted
suicide. Palliative & supportive care, 17(5), 604-608.
Elmore, J., Wright, D. K., & Paradis, M. (2018). Nurses’ moral
experiences of assisted death:
A meta-synthesis of qualitative research. Nursing Ethics, 25(8),
955-972.
Knaplund, K. S. (2010). Montana becomes third our state to
allow physician aid in
dying. American Bar Association Section of Real Property,
Trust, and Estate Law eReport, Forthcoming.
Running head: OPPOSING VIEWPOINTS
OPPOSING VIEWPOINTS
OPPOSING VIEWPOINTS
Student’s name
Instructor
Course
Date

12. Opposing Viewpoints
I think that the keywords that I use for my search are related to
my topic and sub topic. That is why when I conduct my
research; I get result that’s close to my topic of physician-
assisted suicide. Some of my source has keywords that are
almost exactly like my sub topics. Using the opposing
viewpoints data base, I searched “Hippocratic Oath”, “hospice
care”, and “physician-assisted suicide legalization.”
Source 1: Title: Hippocratic Oath – the majority are academic
journals written within the last five years. There are very few
videos and news articles. The journals are stressing the
importance of complying with work ethics, standards and
policies when treating patients - Author - Bennet, Coleman and
Co. Ltd
Source 2: Title: hospice care – there are more news articles than
other sources; many are about palliative care talking about
patients who are struggling with chronic conditions not about
the euthanasia practices. I need to narrow my search – Author,
Kumon.
Source 3: Title; physician-assisted suicide legalization – there
are 2147 news articles about physician-assisted suicide, many
written within the past three years. Most of the articles are
talking about the importance of legalizing assisted suicide to
end the pain of terminally ill patients rather than talking about
the value of human life and the consequences of assisted suicide
– Author - Bates College.