This study analyzes educational inequality in Pakistan compared to other South Asian countries using metrics like the Gini coefficient and key performance indicators. The findings show that [1] Pakistan has higher educational inequality levels than India, Bangladesh, and Nepal based on gender, region, and income, [2] literacy rates and public spending on education in Pakistan are lower than other South Asian nations, and [3] the student-teacher ratio in Pakistan is higher, indicating less access to education. The recommendations include rationalizing education budgets, reducing income inequality, promoting social equity to improve gender equality in access to education, and focusing on rural areas.
Shift Happens! The Move to Multi-Channel Retail (Owjo preso)WorldNet
Presentation given by Karl James of Owjo on supporting commerce within Facebook. This presentation was given as part of the Shift Happens! seminar on the move to multi-channel retail. The event was organised by WorldNet in the Guinness Stirehouse on 5th May 2011.
Shift Happens! The Move to Multi-Channel Retail (Owjo preso)WorldNet
Presentation given by Karl James of Owjo on supporting commerce within Facebook. This presentation was given as part of the Shift Happens! seminar on the move to multi-channel retail. The event was organised by WorldNet in the Guinness Stirehouse on 5th May 2011.
The shift to multi-channel online retailing - from pure eCommerce to also embrace mobile & social payments. Given by John Clarke of WorldNet at the Shift Happens! event, held in the Guinness Storehouse, Dublin, on 5th May 2011.
OECD School Resources Review Colombia 2018EduSkills OECD
The Review offers a broad analysis of school education in Colombia, from funding and educational provision to teacher policy. The report focuses on rural-urban gaps within the context of Colombia’s peace agreement and makes recommendations on how to advance in narrowing these gaps.
The shift to multi-channel online retailing - from pure eCommerce to also embrace mobile & social payments. Given by John Clarke of WorldNet at the Shift Happens! event, held in the Guinness Storehouse, Dublin, on 5th May 2011.
OECD School Resources Review Colombia 2018EduSkills OECD
The Review offers a broad analysis of school education in Colombia, from funding and educational provision to teacher policy. The report focuses on rural-urban gaps within the context of Colombia’s peace agreement and makes recommendations on how to advance in narrowing these gaps.
Firstly, the education system of Pakistan is based on unequal lines. Medium of education is different in both, public and private sector. This create a sort of disparity among people, dividing them into two segments. Such a distraught infrastructure is a basic cause of high illiteracy rate in Pakistan and high drop out rates in rural areas and public school.
Alan Sánchez, investigador principal de Niños del Milenio, de GRADE, presentó el estudio "Acceso a la educación superior en países en vía en desarrollo: análisis de datos longitudinales de India, Perú y Vietnam," en la conferencia anual de la Asociación Canadiense de Economía 2016 (CEA por sus siglas en inglés) el 5 de junio en Ottawa, Canadá. La CEA 2016 se realizó del 2 al 5 de junio, a la cual asistieron, principalmente, académicos involucrados en las políticas públicas.
También puedes descargar libremente el estudio completo aquí: http://bit.ly/1UiS0r1
The report provides information of the current status of Quality Education. This report will discuss about the Introduction, Overview of current situation goal in Bangladesh, Government initiative to achieve the goal’s target and key challenges of Quality Education.
This study provides a gender analysis of public sector budgets in education sector of Pakistan. An indepth analysis of pre-primary to secondary level education budgetary allocations and spending at federal and provincial (Punjab and Sindh) levels for the period of 2016-18 has been conducted through a gender lens. The research methodology is based on four key instruments, which help in systematically approaching our research questions. These instruments include review of existing secondary information and data, key informant interviews, stakeholder consultations, and a detailed review of budgetary processes. The study reveals gender disparity in out-of-school children at primary level. According to the study, 47 per cent boys as opposed to 58 per cent girls in Sindh whereas 39 per cent boys as opposed to 41 per cent girls were out-of-school in the Punjab. The study also finds noticeable gender disparities in budgetary allocations. The study concludes that in order to ensure sufficient allocations to promote girls’ education, the budget making process needs to be reconfigured. The gender lens should be introduced at a very early stage where budget call circulars are being sent to the departments concerned.
Pawan_Sain_Education_NEP_#theindiadialogue Feb 2023.pdfDr. Amit Kapoor
Presentation done by Pawan Sain on "Transforming School Education" at #TheIndiaDialog on February 23 at Stanford University. The #TheIndiaDialog was organised by Institute for Competitiveness and US Asia Technology Management Center at Stanford University.
Flaws of Higher Education System in Pakistan Maira Jabeen
this piece of information briefly describes about the existing higher education system of Pakistan and its Flaws along with some suggestive advices to take over the flaws and maintain a good standards of education in Pakistan.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Welocme to ViralQR, your best QR code generator.ViralQR
Welcome to ViralQR, your best QR code generator available on the market!
At ViralQR, we design static and dynamic QR codes. Our mission is to make business operations easier and customer engagement more powerful through the use of QR technology. Be it a small-scale business or a huge enterprise, our easy-to-use platform provides multiple choices that can be tailored according to your company's branding and marketing strategies.
Our Vision
We are here to make the process of creating QR codes easy and smooth, thus enhancing customer interaction and making business more fluid. We very strongly believe in the ability of QR codes to change the world for businesses in their interaction with customers and are set on making that technology accessible and usable far and wide.
Our Achievements
Ever since its inception, we have successfully served many clients by offering QR codes in their marketing, service delivery, and collection of feedback across various industries. Our platform has been recognized for its ease of use and amazing features, which helped a business to make QR codes.
Our Services
At ViralQR, here is a comprehensive suite of services that caters to your very needs:
Static QR Codes: Create free static QR codes. These QR codes are able to store significant information such as URLs, vCards, plain text, emails and SMS, Wi-Fi credentials, and Bitcoin addresses.
Dynamic QR codes: These also have all the advanced features but are subscription-based. They can directly link to PDF files, images, micro-landing pages, social accounts, review forms, business pages, and applications. In addition, they can be branded with CTAs, frames, patterns, colors, and logos to enhance your branding.
Pricing and Packages
Additionally, there is a 14-day free offer to ViralQR, which is an exceptional opportunity for new users to take a feel of this platform. One can easily subscribe from there and experience the full dynamic of using QR codes. The subscription plans are not only meant for business; they are priced very flexibly so that literally every business could afford to benefit from our service.
Why choose us?
ViralQR will provide services for marketing, advertising, catering, retail, and the like. The QR codes can be posted on fliers, packaging, merchandise, and banners, as well as to substitute for cash and cards in a restaurant or coffee shop. With QR codes integrated into your business, improve customer engagement and streamline operations.
Comprehensive Analytics
Subscribers of ViralQR receive detailed analytics and tracking tools in light of having a view of the core values of QR code performance. Our analytics dashboard shows aggregate views and unique views, as well as detailed information about each impression, including time, device, browser, and estimated location by city and country.
So, thank you for choosing ViralQR; we have an offer of nothing but the best in terms of QR code services to meet business diversity!
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdfPeter Spielvogel
Building better applications for business users with SAP Fiori.
• What is SAP Fiori and why it matters to you
• How a better user experience drives measurable business benefits
• How to get started with SAP Fiori today
• How SAP Fiori elements accelerates application development
• How SAP Build Code includes SAP Fiori tools and other generative artificial intelligence capabilities
• How SAP Fiori paves the way for using AI in SAP apps
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
2. OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION
Introduction
Intellectual context of the present study
Factors leading to educational inequality in South Asia
(SA)
Problems related to educational inequality in Pakistan
Measures taken to overcome inequality in Pakistan.
Propositions of the present study
Methodology
Findings of the study
Recommendations
2
3. INTRODUCTION
This study measures educational inequality amongst the Pakistani
youth for the last decade in comparison with other South Asian
Economies.
The study relates income inequality and poverty with educational
inequality, comparing the case of Pakistan with the rest of South
Asian countries.
Objective of the study is to explore the problems of access to
education in Pakistan in comparison with other countries of South
Asia.
3
4. INTELLECTUAL CONTEXT OF
THE PRESENT STUDY
Budget Allocation to the Educational Sector is not based
on per-pupil requirement and the level of poverty.
Centralized and egalitarian school system helps in
reducing the cost of education for the poor families.
Access to education is increased due to reduction in the
income inequality (Checchi et al. 1999).
Higher education and re-distribution of country’s
resources have two-way causation (Moore, 1982).
4
6. PROBLEMS RELATED TO EDUCATIONAL
INEQUALITY IN PAKISTAN
Lack of Equity and Justice
Gender Discrimination
Reduction in the Budget Allocation
RS. 259.5 BILLION RS. 153.5 BILLION
2009-10 2010-11
War against terrorism in Afghanistan
Military operations in Swat & Waziristan
Floods in 2010
Floods in 2011
6
7. PROBLEMS RELATED TO EDUCATIONAL
INEQUALITY IN PAKISTAN (cont.)
Infrastructural Problems in Primary Education
9.8 % schools are without building
7
8. PROBLEMS RELATED TO EDUCATIONAL
INEQUALITY IN PAKISTAN (cont.)
Infrastructural Problems in Primary Education
9.8 % schools are without building
32.7% are without boundary walls
33.6 % are without drinking water
35.4 % are without restrooms
59% are without electricity
8
9. MEASURES TAKEN
TO OVERCOME INEQUALITY IN
PAKISTAN
Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP):
PRSP guidelines are being followed by the Govt. of Pakistan,
which aim at:
Consistent Economic growth of 5-7 percent to curb poverty.
Enhancement of employment.
Reduction of inequalities.
Other measures by the Govt.:
Benazir Income Support Program (Cash Grant)
Waseela-e-Haq (Interest free loan)
Pakistan Baitul Mal (Poverty alleviation Govt. Body)
Peoples Works Programme (Local Community Development Program)
Microfinance Schemes (Small Loans Scheme)
9
10. MEASURES TAKEN
TO OVERCOME INEQUALITY IN
PAKISTAN
Measures by Bahria University:
Scholarships awarded worth Rs.17m / pa, benefiting 10%
of the BU-students
Need Based Scholarships
Merit Scholarships
Afghan Nationals being enrolled at par with local students
in terms of fee structure.
Tuition fee waiver for Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs).
Special quota of 2% has been allocated for the students
with disability by relaxing admission criteria [based on
equity-principle].
10
11. MEASURES TAKEN
TO OVERCOME INEQUALITY IN
PAKISTAN (cont.)
Measures taken by Bahria University:
Community Services
Floods in Pakistan in 2010:
Contribution of Rs.2.0 million for flood affectees.
11
13. MEASURES TAKEN
TO OVERCOME INEQUALITY IN
PAKISTAN (cont.)
Measures by Bahria University: Community Services
Floods in Pakistan in 2011:
Contribution of Rs.2.0 million.
Clothing, food, shelter and Medical services provided in
several affected areas.
13
14. PROPOSITIONS OF THE
PRESENT STUDY
There is gender disparity in terms of access to
education.
There is regional disparity in terms of access to
education.
Income inequality leads to the educational inequality.
Increased budget allocation to educational sector may
increase equity access to education.
14
15. METHODOLOGY
To test the propositions of the present study, following
statistical techniques have been employed.
Gini-Coefficient
Universally accepted & widely used statistical technique to
measure inequalities.
The value ranges between 0 and 100, in terms of percent.
0 means maximum equality
100 means maximum inequality
KPIs (Key Performance Indicators)
Key Performance Indicators are the data reported in either
percent or ratio form by different accredited national &
international organizations.
15
16. FINDINGS OF THE STUDY
Sources of Data:
○ World Bank
○ UNESCO
○ Economic Survey of Pakistan
○ Higher Education Commission of Pakistan
Target Population:
○ Pakistan
○ India
○ Bangladesh
○ Nepal
16
17. Findings Based on Gini-Coefficient
Average Years of Schooling
During 1999-2010 – Age 15+ (Gender-Wise)
80.11
Color Code
Pakistan
India
Bangladesh
Nepal
Female Male Total
17
18. Findings Based on Gini-Coefficient
Average Years of Schooling
During 1999-2010 – Age 15+ (Quantile)
Color Code
Pakistan
India
Banglades
h
Nepal
18
19. Findings Based on Gini-Coefficient
Average Years of Schooling
During 1999-2010 – Age 15+ (Region-Wise)
Color Code
Pakistan
India
Bangladesh
Nepal
Rural Urban
19
20. Findings Based on KPI’s
Literacy Rate:
Youth of Age 15 & Above (Gender Wise)
Color Code
Pakistan
India
Bangladesh
Nepal
Female Male Total
20
21. Findings Based on KPI’s
Literacy Rate:
Youth between Age 15-24 (Gender Wise)
Color Code
Pakistan
India
Bangladesh
Nepal
Female Male Total
21
22. Findings Based on KPI’s
Public Spending on Education
(% of GDP)
4% 4%
3%
2%
22
23. Findings Based on KPI’s
Public Spending on Education
(% of Government Expenditure)
15% 15%
13%
10%
23
24. Findings Based on KPI’s
Expenditure on Higher Education
(RS. BILLION) - Pakistan
24
25. Findings Based on KPI’s
Student-Teacher Ratio:
46
40 42 Color Code
37 38
33 Pakistan
31 33
India
Bangladesh
Nepal
Primary Secondary
25
26. Findings Based on KPI’s
Ratio of Female to Male
Enrolment
105
104 Color Code
90 Pakistan
82 84
78 79 77 India
75 69
Bangladesh
51 Nepal
34
Primary Secondary Tertiary
26
27. RECOMMENDATIONS
Budget allocation to the education should be rationalized
in all the countries of SA.
Educational inequality can be reduced through the
measures of income redistribution in these countries.
Social equity, justice and social development can lead to
reduced gender inequality in accessing education.
Rural areas of the countries should be paid special
attention in terms of access to education.
27