Hypodermic Needle Theory
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•823 views
The hypodermic needle theory suggests that the media has a direct and powerful effect on passive audiences by "injecting" ideas and views. It was popular in the 1940s-1950s when radio, TV, and ads first became widespread and were thought to influence behavior. The theory says the audience is powerless to resist media messages and will believe anything they see or hear. However, it is now seen as outdated since audiences are more media-literate and able to reject messages critically rather than just accepting everything passively.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
The hypodermic needle theory
The hypodermic needle theory proposed in the 1930s suggested that mass media had a direct, powerful, and immediate effect on passive audiences. It was based on the assumptions of the time when radio and films were the only media and all received the same messages. During World War II, the theory was supported by the Nazi use of propaganda to influence the German public. However, the theory is now largely disregarded because media and audiences have changed dramatically with new technologies allowing people more choice and interaction with information. While outdated, the hypodermic needle theory was an early attempt to understand media effects.
Spiral of Silence Theory
The spiral of silence theory describes how minority viewpoints disappear from public discourse. It posits that individuals decide whether to voice their opinions based on their perception of what the majority opinion is. The media plays a key role in shaping societal norms and determining what views are considered normal. As a result, people with minority views often remain silent for fear of isolation, allowing the majority viewpoint to reinforce itself in a spiral-like pattern. Critics argue the theory is too broad and that other factors beyond public opinion, such as religion and culture, also influence whether individuals publicly express their views.
Hypodermic Needle Theory
The hypodermic needle theory suggests that mass media in the 1940s-1950s had a direct and powerful influence on audience behavior by "injecting" them with messages designed to elicit a specific response. It views audiences as passive receivers who uncritically accept media messages. However, the theory is now considered outdated and invalid because it fails to account for variability in how people consume and interpret media messages.
Eras of Media Theory
There are four main eras of media theory: 1) the Era of Mass Society and Mass Culture which viewed media as influential but negative and feared it could ruin society; 2) the Era of Scientific Perspective on Mass Media which emphasized scientific research showing media was not as powerful as previously believed; 3) the Era of Limited Effects where limited effects theory became widely accepted; and 4) the Era of Cultural Criticism characterized by the rise of cultural studies examining how media promotes hegemonic cultures that serve elite interests.
Hypodermic needle theory
It talks about the media and effects. it explains how the western scholars tested the media effects and theorized the concepts
The hypodermic needle theory
The hypodermic needle theory suggests that mass media has a direct, powerful, and immediate effect on passive audiences. It views audiences as unable to resist media messages that are injected into them, influencing their beliefs and behaviors. This theory was prevalent in the 1940s-1950s but is now seen as outdated, as audiences are not purely passive and can reject messages. A famous example was a 1938 radio broadcast about a Martian invasion that some listeners initially believed was real news.
Theories of press10.09.2017
The PPT discusses on the press conditions in the world. It also explains the working conditions of press & media and its professionals in western countries as well as developing countries.
2. Media audiences
This document discusses media audiences and how media products are targeted towards specific audiences. It explains that the target audience is the specific group a product is aimed at. Media companies research audience demographics and psychographics to better understand the behaviors and traits of potential audiences. The document also summarizes several theories of how audiences interact with media, including the hypodermic model which views audiences as passive, the two-step flow theory which proposes opinions spread from media to opinion leaders to the wider audience, and uses and gratification theory which sees audiences as active users selecting media to fulfill certain needs.
Recommended
The hypodermic needle theory
The hypodermic needle theory proposed in the 1930s suggested that mass media had a direct, powerful, and immediate effect on passive audiences. It was based on the assumptions of the time when radio and films were the only media and all received the same messages. During World War II, the theory was supported by the Nazi use of propaganda to influence the German public. However, the theory is now largely disregarded because media and audiences have changed dramatically with new technologies allowing people more choice and interaction with information. While outdated, the hypodermic needle theory was an early attempt to understand media effects.
Spiral of Silence Theory
The spiral of silence theory describes how minority viewpoints disappear from public discourse. It posits that individuals decide whether to voice their opinions based on their perception of what the majority opinion is. The media plays a key role in shaping societal norms and determining what views are considered normal. As a result, people with minority views often remain silent for fear of isolation, allowing the majority viewpoint to reinforce itself in a spiral-like pattern. Critics argue the theory is too broad and that other factors beyond public opinion, such as religion and culture, also influence whether individuals publicly express their views.
Hypodermic Needle Theory
The hypodermic needle theory suggests that mass media in the 1940s-1950s had a direct and powerful influence on audience behavior by "injecting" them with messages designed to elicit a specific response. It views audiences as passive receivers who uncritically accept media messages. However, the theory is now considered outdated and invalid because it fails to account for variability in how people consume and interpret media messages.
Eras of Media Theory
There are four main eras of media theory: 1) the Era of Mass Society and Mass Culture which viewed media as influential but negative and feared it could ruin society; 2) the Era of Scientific Perspective on Mass Media which emphasized scientific research showing media was not as powerful as previously believed; 3) the Era of Limited Effects where limited effects theory became widely accepted; and 4) the Era of Cultural Criticism characterized by the rise of cultural studies examining how media promotes hegemonic cultures that serve elite interests.
Hypodermic needle theory
It talks about the media and effects. it explains how the western scholars tested the media effects and theorized the concepts
The hypodermic needle theory
The hypodermic needle theory suggests that mass media has a direct, powerful, and immediate effect on passive audiences. It views audiences as unable to resist media messages that are injected into them, influencing their beliefs and behaviors. This theory was prevalent in the 1940s-1950s but is now seen as outdated, as audiences are not purely passive and can reject messages. A famous example was a 1938 radio broadcast about a Martian invasion that some listeners initially believed was real news.
Theories of press10.09.2017
The PPT discusses on the press conditions in the world. It also explains the working conditions of press & media and its professionals in western countries as well as developing countries.
2. Media audiences
This document discusses media audiences and how media products are targeted towards specific audiences. It explains that the target audience is the specific group a product is aimed at. Media companies research audience demographics and psychographics to better understand the behaviors and traits of potential audiences. The document also summarizes several theories of how audiences interact with media, including the hypodermic model which views audiences as passive, the two-step flow theory which proposes opinions spread from media to opinion leaders to the wider audience, and uses and gratification theory which sees audiences as active users selecting media to fulfill certain needs.
Spiral of silence
The document discusses Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann's spiral of silence theory of communication. The theory proposes that individuals are less likely to express opinions they believe are in the minority due to fear of isolation. It also suggests that the media can influence which opinions are perceived as majority or minority views. The document outlines the key assumptions, factors, and examples of the theory, as well as its strengths in explaining how public opinion may change over time, especially on controversial issues.
The uses and gratification theory
The Uses and Gratification Theory proposes that people actively seek out specific media to satisfy certain needs. It focuses on understanding why and how audiences use media rather than how media affects people. The theory suggests people choose media to fulfill needs like information, personal identity, social interaction, and entertainment. It presents an audience-centered perspective on mass communication.
Two step flow of information
This document discusses several models and theories related to the flow of information and influence. It describes the two-step flow of communication model developed by Lazarsfeld, which found that personal influence from opinion leaders is more impactful than direct media influence. It also discusses Kurt Lewin's concept of gatekeeping, in which individuals control the flow of information by deciding what should pass through or be blocked. News editors are provided as an example of gatekeepers who determine what news items to publish based on their organization's policies.
Uses and gratifications theory
The Uses and Gratifications theory views audiences as active in their media consumption choices. It posits that people select media to fulfill certain needs and gratifications. The theory assumes audiences are goal-oriented in their selections and can articulate the reasons behind their choices. It also acknowledges that media compete with other sources for fulfilling needs. Common gratifications sought from media include information, entertainment, social interaction, and escape from problems. The degree to which media gratify the reasons people seek them (gratifications sought vs. gratifications obtained) determines audience satisfaction. Media dependency theory extends this by arguing people rely more on media that fulfill important goals and needs.
Agenda Setting Theory.
The document discusses agenda setting theory in communication. It was developed in 1972 by Dr. Max McCombs and Dr. Donald Shaw based on the 1968 US presidential election. The core assumption of agenda setting theory is that media influences public perception of what issues are important by how frequently and prominently they cover certain issues. While media may not reflect reality directly, it filters and shapes public perception of what issues are salient. The theory focuses on how media sets the agenda for what the public thinks about through selection, emphasis, and framing of issues.
Lesson 4 - Media Audiences
Audiences are important for media organizations to make profits through advertising or subscriptions. New technologies have impacted traditional media by giving audiences more options to access media in different ways. Media institutions make money through subscription fees or advertising targeting mass audiences or niche groups. Audiences can be passive, directly accepting media messages, or active in interpreting messages in personally meaningful ways based on their needs and experiences.
Uses and gratification theory-presentation
The document discusses uses and gratification theory (U&G theory), which states that audiences actively engage with media to fulfill certain needs rather than media having a passive influence. It provides the historical background of U&G theory from the 1920s onward and outlines key reasons for media use including information, personal identity, entertainment, integration and social interaction. It also discusses how U&G theory remains relevant today due to concepts like interactivity and asynchroneity and the development of new media.
Political economy in Media studies
This document provides an overview of political economy and its application to media studies. It defines political economy as examining how ownership of economic resources affects society. It discusses three key aspects of political economy as they relate to media: centralized economic ownership has political consequences; media ownership is more important than content; and the working class is exploited. The document also outlines three assumptions of applying critical political economic theory to media and what this perspective reveals about media systems and audience commodification.
Media Two Step Flow Theory
The Two-Step Flow Theory proposes that the influence of mass media on public opinion occurs in two stages. First, media messages are received by opinion leaders in social groups who influence and filter information for their networks. These opinion leaders interpret and discuss the media's content with other group members, acting as the primary influencers. This second stage of interpersonal communication among ordinary group members ultimately shapes public opinion more so than direct exposure to the media. The theory helped explain how mass media influences audiences indirectly through social relationships and informal discussions within people's networks.
M6 com320 mass_commtheories
This document outlines several mass communication theories: the Magic Bullet Theory which suggests media has a direct influence on audiences; the Two-Step Theory where opinion leaders influence the public; the Agenda-Setting Theory where media tells the public what issues are important; Diffusion Theory where opinion leaders spread messages to influence the masses; and Framing Theory where how an issue is presented influences choices. It provides diagrams and brief explanations of each theory and links to additional mass communication theory resources.
Spiral of silence
The document discusses Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann's spiral of silence theory of public opinion formation. The theory posits that individuals are less likely to express opinions they believe are in the minority due to a fear of isolation. Neumann developed the theory to explain how the German public came to support the wrong political positions that led to defeat in World War II. The document also covers criticisms of the theory, which include that it does not account for individuals who stand by their views regardless of the majority opinion. It also only cites fear of isolation as the reason for remaining silent, rather than considering other possible reasons.
Multi step flow theory
The multi-step flow theory proposes that ideas flow from mass media to opinion leaders and are then distributed more widely to the population, rather than the mass media directly influencing the public. It suggests communication flows through multiple "channels" with opinion leaders influencing others by interpreting information for them before it reaches the target audience. The theory depicts the flow of information as multi-step, with opinion leaders able to influence and be influenced by receivers in a two-way process, and notes the limitations of assuming direct influence from mass media.
Hypodermic needle theory
The document discusses the hypodermic needle theory of mass communication. It was proposed in the 1930s and suggests that media messages directly influence passive audiences like injections from a needle. Katz and Lazarsfeld argued this theory was too simplistic and proposed the two-step flow model, where opinion leaders influence audiences. The document also discusses the Lasswell formula for communication research and concludes different individuals respond differently to the same media messages.
Technological determinism theory powerpoint
Technological determinism is a theory that technology drives social and cultural change in predictable ways. It argues that (1) technology develops along an inevitable path independent of human influence, and (2) the introduction of new technologies causes inherent social effects as societies reorganize around the new technologies. Individual interpretations vary but share the ideas that technology determines history and progress through its innovations, which societies cannot control and must adapt to.
Uses and gratification theory
The Uses and Gratifications Theory focuses on what audiences gain from media rather than how media affects them. It suggests that audiences are active in choosing media to fulfill needs like information, entertainment, social interaction, or escape. The theory proposes that people use different media sources to meet cognitive, affective, personal, social, and tension release needs. Modern applications continue to demonstrate how new media technologies allow audiences to gratify these various needs.
Media dependency theory presentation
The Media Dependency Theory proposes that the more dependent an individual is on media to have their needs met, the more important media will be to that person. The theory was developed by Sandra Ball-Rokeach and Melvin DeFleur and is widely applicable today given society's overwhelming use of media. There is debate around what exactly causes media dependency, with some pointing to factors like age, occupation, or geographic location.
The Two-Step Flow Of Communication
The Two-Step Flow of Communication: An Up-to-Date Report on an Hypothesis Elihu Katz (1957)
- The People's Choice
- The Two-Step Flow Theory
- Opinion Leaders and Opinion Followers
- Minimal/ Limited Paradigm vs. Mass Society Paradigm
- Strengths and Limitations of The Two-Step Flow Theory
- Elmira Study, Rovere Study, Decatur Study and Drug Study
- Diffusion of Innovation
- Personal Influence vs. Mass Influence
- Impact of Personal Influence
- Flow of Personal Influence
Mass communication theories
The document discusses several mass communication theories:
1) Spiral of silence theory explains how people remain silent when they feel their views are in the minority due to fear of isolation.
2) Two-step flow theory describes how information from media moves in two stages from opinion leaders to the general public.
3) Cultivation theory suggests that heavy television viewers' perceptions of social reality are influenced by what they see on television.
Two step flow
The two step flow theory argues that people are influenced more by those they know than by the media directly. Opinion leaders absorb information from the media and pass it on to less active members of the population, shaping their attitudes. A 1944 study found that informal personal contacts had more influence on voting behavior than direct exposure to radio or newspapers. While the two step theory improved understanding of media influence, it was later expanded by the multi-step flow theory which recognizes more complex networks of influence beyond just opinion leaders.
Understanding audiences and target audiences
The document discusses understanding audiences and target audiences for media texts. It explains that producers carefully consider which audience a media text is aimed at and research audience demographics, preferences, and expectations. Different factors of audience engagement such as identification, placement and reaction are analyzed to predict how the intended audience will respond to the media text. Marketing campaigns are then used to promote the media text and ensure it reaches the target audience.
Hypodermic needle theory
The hypodermic needle theory from the 1920s-1950s suggested that mass media could directly influence large groups of people by "injecting" them with messages designed to trigger a desired response, flowing directly from sender to passive receiver. It viewed the media as a powerful means of spreading ideas that audiences were powerless to resist. However, this theory is now outdated and invalid because audiences are not uniformly passive - people consume media in different ways and can resist messages.
The hypodermic needle theory
The Hypodermic Needle Theory suggests that mass media in the 1940s-1950s had a direct and powerful influence on audience behavior. It viewed audiences as passive receivers who were immediately influenced by whatever media messages were "injected" into them. However, the theory is now considered outdated and invalid because audiences are not simply passive - people consume media selectively and can resist or reject messages. Modern audiences are also more media literate and aware of how institutions operate due to technological changes.
More Related Content
What's hot
Spiral of silence
The document discusses Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann's spiral of silence theory of communication. The theory proposes that individuals are less likely to express opinions they believe are in the minority due to fear of isolation. It also suggests that the media can influence which opinions are perceived as majority or minority views. The document outlines the key assumptions, factors, and examples of the theory, as well as its strengths in explaining how public opinion may change over time, especially on controversial issues.
The uses and gratification theory
The Uses and Gratification Theory proposes that people actively seek out specific media to satisfy certain needs. It focuses on understanding why and how audiences use media rather than how media affects people. The theory suggests people choose media to fulfill needs like information, personal identity, social interaction, and entertainment. It presents an audience-centered perspective on mass communication.
Two step flow of information
This document discusses several models and theories related to the flow of information and influence. It describes the two-step flow of communication model developed by Lazarsfeld, which found that personal influence from opinion leaders is more impactful than direct media influence. It also discusses Kurt Lewin's concept of gatekeeping, in which individuals control the flow of information by deciding what should pass through or be blocked. News editors are provided as an example of gatekeepers who determine what news items to publish based on their organization's policies.
Uses and gratifications theory
The Uses and Gratifications theory views audiences as active in their media consumption choices. It posits that people select media to fulfill certain needs and gratifications. The theory assumes audiences are goal-oriented in their selections and can articulate the reasons behind their choices. It also acknowledges that media compete with other sources for fulfilling needs. Common gratifications sought from media include information, entertainment, social interaction, and escape from problems. The degree to which media gratify the reasons people seek them (gratifications sought vs. gratifications obtained) determines audience satisfaction. Media dependency theory extends this by arguing people rely more on media that fulfill important goals and needs.
Agenda Setting Theory.
The document discusses agenda setting theory in communication. It was developed in 1972 by Dr. Max McCombs and Dr. Donald Shaw based on the 1968 US presidential election. The core assumption of agenda setting theory is that media influences public perception of what issues are important by how frequently and prominently they cover certain issues. While media may not reflect reality directly, it filters and shapes public perception of what issues are salient. The theory focuses on how media sets the agenda for what the public thinks about through selection, emphasis, and framing of issues.
Lesson 4 - Media Audiences
Audiences are important for media organizations to make profits through advertising or subscriptions. New technologies have impacted traditional media by giving audiences more options to access media in different ways. Media institutions make money through subscription fees or advertising targeting mass audiences or niche groups. Audiences can be passive, directly accepting media messages, or active in interpreting messages in personally meaningful ways based on their needs and experiences.
Uses and gratification theory-presentation
The document discusses uses and gratification theory (U&G theory), which states that audiences actively engage with media to fulfill certain needs rather than media having a passive influence. It provides the historical background of U&G theory from the 1920s onward and outlines key reasons for media use including information, personal identity, entertainment, integration and social interaction. It also discusses how U&G theory remains relevant today due to concepts like interactivity and asynchroneity and the development of new media.
Political economy in Media studies
This document provides an overview of political economy and its application to media studies. It defines political economy as examining how ownership of economic resources affects society. It discusses three key aspects of political economy as they relate to media: centralized economic ownership has political consequences; media ownership is more important than content; and the working class is exploited. The document also outlines three assumptions of applying critical political economic theory to media and what this perspective reveals about media systems and audience commodification.
Media Two Step Flow Theory
The Two-Step Flow Theory proposes that the influence of mass media on public opinion occurs in two stages. First, media messages are received by opinion leaders in social groups who influence and filter information for their networks. These opinion leaders interpret and discuss the media's content with other group members, acting as the primary influencers. This second stage of interpersonal communication among ordinary group members ultimately shapes public opinion more so than direct exposure to the media. The theory helped explain how mass media influences audiences indirectly through social relationships and informal discussions within people's networks.
M6 com320 mass_commtheories
This document outlines several mass communication theories: the Magic Bullet Theory which suggests media has a direct influence on audiences; the Two-Step Theory where opinion leaders influence the public; the Agenda-Setting Theory where media tells the public what issues are important; Diffusion Theory where opinion leaders spread messages to influence the masses; and Framing Theory where how an issue is presented influences choices. It provides diagrams and brief explanations of each theory and links to additional mass communication theory resources.
Spiral of silence
The document discusses Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann's spiral of silence theory of public opinion formation. The theory posits that individuals are less likely to express opinions they believe are in the minority due to a fear of isolation. Neumann developed the theory to explain how the German public came to support the wrong political positions that led to defeat in World War II. The document also covers criticisms of the theory, which include that it does not account for individuals who stand by their views regardless of the majority opinion. It also only cites fear of isolation as the reason for remaining silent, rather than considering other possible reasons.
Multi step flow theory
The multi-step flow theory proposes that ideas flow from mass media to opinion leaders and are then distributed more widely to the population, rather than the mass media directly influencing the public. It suggests communication flows through multiple "channels" with opinion leaders influencing others by interpreting information for them before it reaches the target audience. The theory depicts the flow of information as multi-step, with opinion leaders able to influence and be influenced by receivers in a two-way process, and notes the limitations of assuming direct influence from mass media.
Hypodermic needle theory
The document discusses the hypodermic needle theory of mass communication. It was proposed in the 1930s and suggests that media messages directly influence passive audiences like injections from a needle. Katz and Lazarsfeld argued this theory was too simplistic and proposed the two-step flow model, where opinion leaders influence audiences. The document also discusses the Lasswell formula for communication research and concludes different individuals respond differently to the same media messages.
Technological determinism theory powerpoint
Technological determinism is a theory that technology drives social and cultural change in predictable ways. It argues that (1) technology develops along an inevitable path independent of human influence, and (2) the introduction of new technologies causes inherent social effects as societies reorganize around the new technologies. Individual interpretations vary but share the ideas that technology determines history and progress through its innovations, which societies cannot control and must adapt to.
Uses and gratification theory
The Uses and Gratifications Theory focuses on what audiences gain from media rather than how media affects them. It suggests that audiences are active in choosing media to fulfill needs like information, entertainment, social interaction, or escape. The theory proposes that people use different media sources to meet cognitive, affective, personal, social, and tension release needs. Modern applications continue to demonstrate how new media technologies allow audiences to gratify these various needs.
Media dependency theory presentation
The Media Dependency Theory proposes that the more dependent an individual is on media to have their needs met, the more important media will be to that person. The theory was developed by Sandra Ball-Rokeach and Melvin DeFleur and is widely applicable today given society's overwhelming use of media. There is debate around what exactly causes media dependency, with some pointing to factors like age, occupation, or geographic location.
The Two-Step Flow Of Communication
The Two-Step Flow of Communication: An Up-to-Date Report on an Hypothesis Elihu Katz (1957)
- The People's Choice
- The Two-Step Flow Theory
- Opinion Leaders and Opinion Followers
- Minimal/ Limited Paradigm vs. Mass Society Paradigm
- Strengths and Limitations of The Two-Step Flow Theory
- Elmira Study, Rovere Study, Decatur Study and Drug Study
- Diffusion of Innovation
- Personal Influence vs. Mass Influence
- Impact of Personal Influence
- Flow of Personal Influence
Mass communication theories
The document discusses several mass communication theories:
1) Spiral of silence theory explains how people remain silent when they feel their views are in the minority due to fear of isolation.
2) Two-step flow theory describes how information from media moves in two stages from opinion leaders to the general public.
3) Cultivation theory suggests that heavy television viewers' perceptions of social reality are influenced by what they see on television.
Two step flow
The two step flow theory argues that people are influenced more by those they know than by the media directly. Opinion leaders absorb information from the media and pass it on to less active members of the population, shaping their attitudes. A 1944 study found that informal personal contacts had more influence on voting behavior than direct exposure to radio or newspapers. While the two step theory improved understanding of media influence, it was later expanded by the multi-step flow theory which recognizes more complex networks of influence beyond just opinion leaders.
Understanding audiences and target audiences
The document discusses understanding audiences and target audiences for media texts. It explains that producers carefully consider which audience a media text is aimed at and research audience demographics, preferences, and expectations. Different factors of audience engagement such as identification, placement and reaction are analyzed to predict how the intended audience will respond to the media text. Marketing campaigns are then used to promote the media text and ensure it reaches the target audience.
What's hot (20)
Similar to Hypodermic Needle Theory
Hypodermic needle theory
The hypodermic needle theory from the 1920s-1950s suggested that mass media could directly influence large groups of people by "injecting" them with messages designed to trigger a desired response, flowing directly from sender to passive receiver. It viewed the media as a powerful means of spreading ideas that audiences were powerless to resist. However, this theory is now outdated and invalid because audiences are not uniformly passive - people consume media in different ways and can resist messages.
The hypodermic needle theory
The Hypodermic Needle Theory suggests that mass media in the 1940s-1950s had a direct and powerful influence on audience behavior. It viewed audiences as passive receivers who were immediately influenced by whatever media messages were "injected" into them. However, the theory is now considered outdated and invalid because audiences are not simply passive - people consume media selectively and can resist or reject messages. Modern audiences are also more media literate and aware of how institutions operate due to technological changes.
Audience theories hypodermic Needle Model
The Hypodermic Needle Model theory from the 1920s-1930s viewed audiences as passive receivers of media messages. It claimed the media could directly inject ideas into people's minds like a needle, making them think and act in certain ways without question. However, the theory was criticized and found to be outdated. Studies showed that personal communication and individual choice influenced people more than media alone. While some early broadcasts, like Orson Welles' 1938 "War of the Worlds," supported the theory by causing panic, it did not reflect how audiences interacted with media over the long term.
Audience theories
The document summarizes several audience theories:
1) Cultivation theory suggests that heavy media and television viewers are more likely to have their attitudes and beliefs influenced by what they see.
2) Two-step flow theory proposes that media messages are less influential than personal communication, with opinion leaders receiving information from media and passing it to others.
3) Hypodermic needle model views the audience as passive and powerless to resist direct media messaging.
Audience theories
The document discusses four main audience theories: the hypodermic needle model, two-step flow theory, uses and gratifications theory, and reception theory. The hypodermic needle model and two-step flow theory view audiences as passive, while uses and gratifications theory sees audiences as active in choosing media to fulfill certain needs. Reception theory argues producers encode hidden messages for audiences to decode.
Learning outcome three
The document discusses different theories about how audiences interact with and are influenced by media. It describes the uses and gratifications theory, which proposes that audiences actively seek out media to fulfill needs like acquiring information. It also outlines the hypodermic needle theory, where media directly injects ideas into passive audiences. Additionally, it discusses theories about active versus passive audiences, and whether people critically engage with media or just accept messages. Examples provided relate these theories to how documentaries aim to inform audiences and how North Korea controls media seen by its people.
Theories
The document discusses several media theories:
1) Hypodermic or Bullet Theory proposed direct, powerful effects of media on passive audiences.
2) Individual Difference Theory argued people react differently to media based on their unique qualities.
3) Personal Influence Theory found opinions are influenced through interpersonal networks led by opinion leaders.
4) Cultivation Theory proposed long-term exposure to media shapes common beliefs about the world.
7. mass communication theory
The document provides an overview of several mass communication theories, beginning with the hypodermic needle theory. This theory proposed that media had a direct and powerful effect on passive audiences. However, the two-step flow theory later emerged from election studies, finding that opinion leaders and interpersonal communication were more influential than direct media effects. This led to the two-step flow model, where information spreads from media to opinion leaders and then to less active individuals.
The hypodermic needle theory
The hypodermic needle theory suggests that mass media has a direct and powerful influence on passive audiences by "injecting" them with messages, similar to how a hypodermic needle directly delivers a dose. It was originally proposed in the 1930s-1950s when few channels existed and audiences viewed the same content, but it is now seen as less accurate given people's ability to select from many channels. The theory viewed audiences as unable to resist media influence but it is now recognized that audiences can be more active in their media consumption.
Learning outcome three
The document discusses different ways that media can influence audience responses and behavior. It provides examples of how music videos, advertisements, and news articles can shape audience perspectives. Documentaries aim to inform audiences on important issues, though some can exhibit bias. Theories of media effects are also examined, including uses and gratification theory in which audiences seek media to fulfill needs, hypodermic needle theory which suggests media can directly influence passive audiences, and theories of active and passive audience consumption and interpretation of media messages. North Korea's strict control over its population's media is used as an example of the hypodermic needle effect.
Audience theories
The document summarizes three audience theories:
1) Hypodermic Needle Theory: Audiences are seen as passive recipients who are powerlessly injected with ideas from media like a hypodermic needle.
2) Two-Step Flow Theory: Information from media flows not directly to audiences but through opinion leaders who influence others.
3) Uses and Gratifications Theory: Rather than how media affects people, it focuses on what people do with media and how they use it to fulfill personal needs like diversion, relationships, identity and surveillance.
5 r sociological perspective theories
The document discusses several mass communication theories:
- Social learning theory proposes that people learn from observing and imitating others. It combines behavioral and cognitive learning.
- Catharsis theory suggests that exposure to violent media can provide an emotional release or purging.
- Agenda-setting theory is the idea that media influence what issues the public sees as important by what they choose to cover more.
- Uses and gratification theory examines how people actively use media to fulfill various needs and motives.
- Cultivation theory proposes that extensive TV watching over time shapes peoples' views of social reality.
- Spiral of silence theory from 1974 discusses how willingness to share opinions publicly depends on perceiving them as aligned with prevailing
Theory of Mass Media and Socialization
Mass Media and Socialization (Theoretical perspective).
Theory on Mass media.
How mass media influence on socialization.
C:\documents and settings\paul neville\my documents\influences on the audience
The document discusses several theories of media influence:
1) The Hypodermic Syringe Model suggests media has a direct influence on audiences and can be used to change behavior or gain power. Hitler used mass media to support the Nazi regime.
2) The Two-Step Flow Model proposes ideas from media reach opinion leaders first, who then influence the general population.
3) The Inoculation Model develops defenses against manipulation through persuasive messages.
4) Uses and Gratification Theory emphasizes that audiences actively choose media to fulfill needs.
5) Primary, secondary, and tertiary media influence depends on audience engagement levels.
Media Theorists
Uses and Gratification theory proposes that people actively seek out specific media to satisfy certain needs. It was originally introduced by Lasswell in 1948 and further developed by Katz, Blumler and Gurevitch in the 1970s to include components like an active audience and audience-initiated media choices. The Hypodermic Needle Model viewed audiences as passive and unable to resist media messages that were directly "injected" into their minds. The 2 Step Flow Model suggests ideas spread from mass media to opinion leaders and then to the wider population, so media effects are indirect through personal influence. Semiotics, pioneered by Saussure, studies signs and their meanings, focusing on the signifier/signified relationship and
How Audiences Respond to Media Products
The hypodermic needle theory from the early 1920s suggests that mass media can easily influence a large audience without challenge. It views the audience as passive receivers of messages directly injected into their minds by media producers, immediately affecting behavior. It does not account for individual differences in how people analyze and respond to media messages.
Media audiences
Abraham Maslow proposed a hierarchy of needs consisting of basic physiological needs at the bottom level, followed by safety needs, love and belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs at the top. Once lower level needs are met, people can focus on achieving higher level needs. Early media effects theories viewed audiences as passive, such as the hypodermic needle model which suggested media could directly "inject" ideas into passive audiences. Later theories saw audiences as more active, such as uses and gratifications theory which proposes audiences actively select media to fulfill social and psychological needs.
Audience theory
This document discusses three media theories:
1) Uses and gratification theory which argues that audiences actively choose what media to consume based on social and psychological needs like surveillance, personal identity, personal relationships, and diversion.
2) Reception theory which argues that media texts contain values and messages decoded differently by various audience members as dictators, negotiators, or oppositional interpretations.
3) Hypodermic needle theory which suggests media can directly and uniformly influence large audiences by "injecting" them with messages, treating people as passive recipients brainwashed by media. However, this view is outdated as audiences consume media differently with varied responses.
6.4 - Relationship between Producers and Audience.pptx
This document discusses the relationship between media producers and audiences. It begins by discussing how we should think about what people do with media rather than what media do to people. It then discusses two main concerns regarding how audiences engage with media texts: whether texts have a single meaning or multiple meanings, and what factors need to be considered in understanding a text's meanings. The document goes on to explain four communication theories - the hypodermic needle theory, reinforcement theory, uses and gratification theory, and two-step flow theory. It provides a brief overview of each theory, including their perspectives on audiences and influence.
Hypodermic tneedle model theory
The hypodermic needle model theory suggests that media messages are directly delivered to and accepted by a passive audience, who will believe anything they are told without questioning. It was popular in the 1950s but sees audiences as naive and vulnerable. Critics argue that modern audiences are more active and independent, able to access different opinions and fact-check information online, making them less likely to passively accept a single message.
Similar to Hypodermic Needle Theory (20)
C:\documents and settings\paul neville\my documents\influences on the audience
C:\documents and settings\paul neville\my documents\influences on the audience
6.4 - Relationship between Producers and Audience.pptx
6.4 - Relationship between Producers and Audience.pptx
More from RobTate
Evaluation Question 1
This document summarizes how the media product uses and challenges conventions of real music videos. It discusses several shots and elements from the original video that were used or adapted, such as a slow motion shot of the artist rapping in a car edited to black and white. However, some conventions were challenged, such as filming a walking shot in black and white in an alley rather than on a steady road. Both videos also lack narrative. While the design of the fake album cover challenges conventions like the original's gold theme, it keeps the parental advisory sign. Text displaying the song title at the start is a convention both videos use.
Stereotypes - Tessa Perkins
The document discusses stereotypes, defining them as typical representations of groups based on perceived characteristics. It notes stereotypical groups in colleges and that stereotypes are used to understand and categorize people in society. While stereotypes can be positive, they are often negative and wrongly characterize minority groups. Stereotypes can lead to unfair treatment and influence even when believed to be false. They usually have a small element of truth but are generally incorrect characterizations.
Lyric Analysis
Dizzy Wright refers to his fans as "progressive thinkers" because his music inspires progression. He is cautious about the image he projects and feels he has too much to deal with to truly live. He expected immediate happiness from success but now realizes that was unrealistic, so he wants to do his own thing and help others through his music if possible. He reflects on watching his single mother work hard to support him and his brothers, which still affects him deeply. Dizzy works to build a stable life so he can support his family as his mother supported him. He stays true to himself and focuses on improving, ignoring any negativity directed his way.
Q6 evaluation
The student learned several technologies through creating a music magazine:
1) They used different camera angles and poses when taking photographs and experimented with lighting setups and colors to get the best shots.
2) They edited the magazine layout using Photoshop and Publisher, learning how to use tools like the polygon lasso and shape drawing tools.
3) They published their work online using Blogger, which allowed them to easily upload and organize photos, videos, and other materials.
Q4 evaluation
The target audience for the media product is males and females ages 16-24 who enjoy rap music. This is based on market research conducted through a survey where 60% of respondents were male and 40% female, and most were between 16-24 years old. As a 16-year-old who enjoys rap concerts, the creator knows that this age range and males in particular make up most of the rap audience. Feedback was gathered from friends in the target age range, who praised aspects like the layout, consistent color scheme, and listing other rappers on the front cover.
More from RobTate (6)
Recently uploaded
原版制作(MUN毕业证书)纽芬兰纪念大学毕业证PDF成绩单一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(MUN毕业证书)纽芬兰纪念大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
The Gallery of Shadows, In the heart of a bustling city
In the heart of a bustling city, hidden away from the modern chaos …
created with AI assistance…
DIGIDEVTV A New area of OTT Distribution
At Digidev, we are working to be the leader in interactive streaming platforms of choice by smart device users worldwide.
Our goal is to become the ultimate distribution service of entertainment content. The Digidev application will offer the next generation television highway for users to discover and engage in a variety of content. While also providing a fresh and
innovative approach towards advertainment with vast revenue opportunities. Designed and developed by Joe Q. Bretz
The Evolution of the Leonardo DiCaprio Haircut: A Journey Through Style and C...
Leonardo DiCaprio, a name synonymous with Hollywood stardom and acting excellence. has captivated audiences for decades with his talent and charisma. But, the Leonardo DiCaprio haircut is one aspect of his public persona that has garnered attention. From his early days as a teenage heartthrob to his current status as a seasoned actor and environmental activist. DiCaprio's hairstyles have evolved. reflecting both his personal growth and the changing trends in fashion. This article delves into the many phases of the Leonardo DiCaprio haircut. exploring its significance and impact on pop culture.
Top IPTV UK Providers of A Comprehensive Review.pdf
The television landscape in the UK has evolved significantly with the rise of Internet Protocol Television (IPTV). IPTV offers a modern alternative to traditional cable and satellite TV, allowing viewers to stream live TV, on-demand videos, and other multimedia content directly to their devices over the internet. This review provides an in-depth look at the top IPTV UK providers, their features, pricing, and what sets them apart.
定制(uow毕业证书)卧龙岗大学毕业证文凭学位证书原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(uow毕业证书)卧龙岗大学毕业证文凭学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
The Future of Independent Filmmaking Trends and Job Opportunities
The landscape of independent filmmaking is evolving at an unprecedented pace. Technological advancements, changing consumer preferences, and new distribution models are reshaping the industry, creating new opportunities and challenges for filmmakers and film industry jobs. This article explores the future of independent filmmaking, highlighting key trends and emerging job opportunities.
一比一原版(AUT毕业证)奥克兰理工大学毕业证如何办理
AUT毕业证假文凭【微信95270640】购买（奥克兰理工大学毕业证成绩单硕士学历）Q微信95270640代办AUT学历认证留信网伪造奥克兰理工大学学位证书精仿奥克兰理工大学本科/硕士文凭证书补办奥克兰理工大学 diplomaoffer,Transcript购买奥克兰理工大学毕业证成绩单购买AUT假毕业证学位证书购买伪造奥克兰理工大学文凭证书学位证书,专业办理雅思、托福成绩单，学生ID卡，在读证明，海外各大学offer录取通知书，毕业证书，成绩单，文凭等材料:1:1完美还原毕业证、offer录取通知书、学生卡等各种在读或毕业材料的防伪工艺（包括 烫金、烫银、钢印、底纹、凹凸版、水印、防伪光标、热敏防伪、文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感光标）学校原版上有的工艺我们一样不会少，不论是老版本还是最新版本，都能保证最高程度还原，力争完美以求让所有同学都能享受到完美的品质服务。
办国外奥克兰理工大学奥克兰理工大学毕业证文凭证书教育部学历学位认证留信认证大使馆认证留学回国人员证明修改成绩单信封申请学校offer录取通知书在读证明offer letter。
快速办理高仿国外毕业证成绩单：
1奥克兰理工大学毕业证+成绩单+留学回国人员证明+教育部学历认证（全套留学回国必备证明材料给父母及亲朋好友一份完美交代）;
2雅思成绩单托福成绩单OFFER在读证明等留学相关材料（申请学校转学甚至是申请工签都可以用到）。
3.毕业证 #成绩单等全套材料从防伪到印刷从水印到钢印烫金高精仿度跟学校原版100%相同。
专业服务请勿犹豫联系我！联系人微信号：95270640诚招代理：本公司诚聘当地代理人员如果你有业余时间有兴趣就请联系我们。
国外奥克兰理工大学奥克兰理工大学毕业证文凭证书办理过程：
1客户提供办理信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作毕业证成绩单电子图；
3毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）。蜿蜒小溪一直都是山娃和小伙伴们盛夏的天然泳场水不深碎石底石缝里总有摸不尽的鱼虾活蹦乱跳的还有乌龟和王八贼头贼脑的倒也逗人喜爱日上三竿时山娃总爱窜进自家瓜棚里跟小伙伴们坐着聊天聊着聊着便忍不住往瓜田里逡巡一番抱起一只硕大的西瓜用石刀劈开抑或用拳头砸开每人抱起一大块就啃啃得满嘴满脸猴屁股般的红艳大家一个劲地指着对方吃吃地笑瓜裂得古怪奇形怪状却丝毫不影响瓜味甜丝丝的满嘴生津遍地都是瓜横七竖八的活像掷满这
From Teacher to OnlyFans: Brianna Coppage's Story at 28
At 28, Brianna Coppage left her teaching career to become an OnlyFans content creator. This bold move into digital entrepreneurship allowed her to harness her creativity and build a new identity. Brianna's experience highlights the intersection of technology and personal branding in today's economy.
The Enigmatic Portrait, In the heart of a sleepy town
In the heart of a sleepy town nestled between rolling hills and whispering pines …
created with AI assistance…
Abraham Laboriel Records ‘The Bass Walk’ at Evergreen Stage
A legendary musician records an intricate song designed to show off his expert bass guitar chops at a historical Los Angeles studio.
Orpah Winfrey Dwayne Johnson: Titans of Influence and Inspiration
Introduction
In the realm of entertainment, few names resonate as Orpah Winfrey Dwayne Johnson. Both figures have carved unique paths in the industry. achieving unparalleled success and becoming iconic symbols of perseverance, resilience, and inspiration. This article delves into the lives, careers. and enduring legacies of Orpah Winfrey Dwayne Johnson. exploring how their journeys intersect and what we can learn from their remarkable stories.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Early Life and Backgrounds
Orpah Winfrey: From Humble Beginnings to Media Mogul
Orpah Winfrey, often known as Oprah due to a misspelling on her birth certificate. was born on January 29, 1954, in Kosciusko, Mississippi. Raised in poverty by her grandmother, Winfrey's early life was marked by hardship and adversity. Despite these challenges. she demonstrated a keen intellect and an early talent for public speaking.
Winfrey's journey to success began with a scholarship to Tennessee State University. where she studied communication. Her first job in media was as a co-anchor for the local evening news in Nashville. This role paved the way for her eventual transition to talk show hosting. where she found her true calling.
Dwayne Johnson: From Wrestling Royalty to Hollywood Superstar
Dwayne Johnson, also known by his ring name "The Rock," was born on May 2, 1972, in Hayward, California. He comes from a family of professional wrestlers, with both his father, Rocky Johnson. and his grandfather, Peter Maivia, being notable figures in the wrestling world. Johnson's early life was spent moving between New Zealand and the United States. experiencing a variety of cultural influences.
Before entering the world of professional wrestling. Johnson had aspirations of becoming a professional football player. He played college football at the University of Miami. where he was part of a national championship team. But, injuries curtailed his football career, leading him to follow in his family's footsteps and enter the wrestling ring.
Career Milestones
Orpah Winfrey: The Queen of All Media
Winfrey's career breakthrough came in 1986 when she launched "The Oprah Winfrey Show." The show became a cultural phenomenon. drawing millions of viewers daily and earning many awards. Winfrey's empathetic and candid interviewing style resonated with audiences. helping her tackle diverse and often challenging topics.
Beyond her talk show, Winfrey expanded her empire to include the creation of Harpo Productions. a multimedia production company. She also launched "O, The Oprah Magazine" and OWN: Oprah Winfrey Network, further solidifying her status as a media mogul.
Dwayne Johnson: From The Ring to The Big Screen
Dwayne Johnson's wrestling career took off in the late 1990s. when he became one of the most charismatic and popular figures in WWE. His larger-than-life persona and catchphrases endeared him to fans. making him a household name. But, Johnson had ambitions beyond the wrestling ring.
In the early 20
Christian Louboutin: Innovating with Red Soles
Christian Louboutin is celebrated for his innovative approach to footwear design, marked by his trademark red soles. This in-depth look at his life and career explores the origins of his creativity, the milestones in his journey, and the impact of his work on the fashion industry. Learn how Louboutin's bold vision and dedication to excellence have made his brand synonymous with luxury and style.
The Unbelievable Tale of Dwayne Johnson Kidnapping: A Riveting Saga
Introduction
The notion of Dwayne Johnson kidnapping seems straight out of a Hollywood thriller. Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson, known for his larger-than-life persona, immense popularity. and action-packed filmography, is the last person anyone would envision being a victim of kidnapping. Yet, the bizarre and riveting tale of such an incident, filled with twists and turns. has captured the imagination of many. In this article, we delve into the intricate details of this astonishing event. exploring every aspect, from the dramatic rescue operation to the aftermath and the lessons learned.
Follow us on: Pinterest
The Origins of the Dwayne Johnson Kidnapping Saga
Dwayne Johnson: A Brief Background
Before discussing the specifics of the kidnapping. it is crucial to understand who Dwayne Johnson is and why his kidnapping would be so significant. Born May 2, 1972, Dwayne Douglas Johnson is an American actor, producer, businessman. and former professional wrestler. Known by his ring name, "The Rock," he gained fame in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE) before transitioning to a successful career in Hollywood.
Johnson's filmography includes blockbuster hits such as "The Fast and the Furious" series, "Jumanji," "Moana," and "San Andreas." His charismatic personality, impressive physique. and action-star status have made him a beloved figure worldwide. Thus, the news of his kidnapping would send shockwaves across the globe.
Setting the Scene: The Day of the Kidnapping
The incident of Dwayne Johnson's kidnapping began on an ordinary day. Johnson was filming his latest high-octane action film set to break box office records. The location was a remote yet scenic area. chosen for its rugged terrain and breathtaking vistas. perfect for the film's climactic scenes.
But, beneath the veneer of normalcy, a sinister plot was unfolding. Unbeknownst to Johnson and his team, a group of criminals had planned his abduction. hoping to leverage his celebrity status for a hefty ransom. The stage was set for an event that would soon dominate worldwide headlines and social media feeds.
The Abduction: Unfolding the Dwayne Johnson Kidnapping
The Moment of Capture
On the day of the kidnapping, everything seemed to be proceeding as usual on set. Johnson and his co-stars and crew were engrossed in shooting a particularly demanding scene. As the day wore on, the production team took a short break. providing the kidnappers with the perfect opportunity to strike.
The abduction was executed with military precision. A group of masked men, armed and organized, infiltrated the set. They created chaos, taking advantage of the confusion to isolate Johnson. Johnson was outnumbered and caught off guard despite his formidable strength and fighting skills. The kidnappers overpowered him, bundled him into a waiting vehicle. and sped away, leaving everyone on set in a state of shock and disbelief.
The Immediate Aftermath
The immediate aftermath of the Dwayne Johnson kidnappin
Anasuya Sengupta Cannes 2024 Award Winner
Anasuya Sengupta, an Indian actress and designer, won the Best Actress Award at the Cannes Film Festival for the Bulgarian film 'The Shameless'.
Divertidamente SLIDE muito lindo e criativo, pptx
Slide criativo e muito lindo, apenas editar, muito simples
Authenticity in Motion Pictures: How Steve Greisen Retains Real Stories
Learn about Steve Greisen's dedication to capture the spirit of his subjects in his documentaries with honesty and integrity.
原版制作(Mercer毕业证书)摩斯大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Mercer毕业证书)摩斯大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Barbie Movie Review - The Astras.pdfffff
Barbie Movie Review has gotten brilliant surveys for its fun and creative story. Coordinated by Greta Gerwig, it stars Margot Robbie as Barbie and Ryan Gosling as Insight. Critics adore its perky humor, dynamic visuals, and intelligent take on the notorious doll's world. It's lauded for being engaging for both kids and grown-ups. The Astras profoundly prescribes observing the Barbie Review for a delightful and colorful cinematic involvement.https://theastras.com/hca-member-gradebooks/hca-gradebook-barbie/
Recently uploaded (20)
The Gallery of Shadows, In the heart of a bustling city
The Gallery of Shadows, In the heart of a bustling city
The Evolution of the Leonardo DiCaprio Haircut: A Journey Through Style and C...
The Evolution of the Leonardo DiCaprio Haircut: A Journey Through Style and C...
Top IPTV UK Providers of A Comprehensive Review.pdf
Top IPTV UK Providers of A Comprehensive Review.pdf
The Future of Independent Filmmaking Trends and Job Opportunities
The Future of Independent Filmmaking Trends and Job Opportunities
From Teacher to OnlyFans: Brianna Coppage's Story at 28
From Teacher to OnlyFans: Brianna Coppage's Story at 28
The Enigmatic Portrait, In the heart of a sleepy town
The Enigmatic Portrait, In the heart of a sleepy town
Abraham Laboriel Records ‘The Bass Walk’ at Evergreen Stage
Abraham Laboriel Records ‘The Bass Walk’ at Evergreen Stage
Orpah Winfrey Dwayne Johnson: Titans of Influence and Inspiration
Orpah Winfrey Dwayne Johnson: Titans of Influence and Inspiration
The Unbelievable Tale of Dwayne Johnson Kidnapping: A Riveting Saga
The Unbelievable Tale of Dwayne Johnson Kidnapping: A Riveting Saga
Authenticity in Motion Pictures: How Steve Greisen Retains Real Stories
Authenticity in Motion Pictures: How Steve Greisen Retains Real Stories
Hypodermic Needle Theory
- 2. What is it? The idea that the mass media has an immediate and powerful effect on the audience. The media injects ideas and views into the brains of the audience therefore controlling the way that people think and behave. During the 1940’sa and 1950’s, the media influenced behavior change massively. The media has a powerful and direct impact on the audience. This theory suggests a powerful and direct flow of information from the sender to the receiver. The hypodermic needle model suggests that media messages are injected straight into a passive audience which is immediately influenced by the message.
- 3. How has it effected people? During the time when radio, television and advertisements were becoming popular, the media hugely effected the people. Certain groups were targeted to trigger a desired response. It expresses the view that the media is a dangerous means of communicating an idea because the receiver or audience is powerless to resist the impact of the message. The audience is immediately affected by the media. People are seen as passive and are seen as having a lot media material "shot" at them. People generally believe what they watch or hear as they have no other source of information. In the 1930’s, War of the Worlds was broadcasted and many people listening thought that the Earth was being invaded, as they thought what they were hearing was real.
- 4. Criticisms of the theory Can be seen as very outdated. Not everyone views media in the same way. It doesn’t allow for rejection of media messages. It is often discredited by academics. We are now so used to consuming media texts that we understand conventions and know when to reject messages if we deem them insignificant . We are more aware of society and how institutions operate.