Task 3
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•196 views
The hypodermic needle theory proposed that audiences passively accept media messages at face value. However, uses and gratifications theory argues that audiences actively seek out media to fulfill certain needs, such as information, entertainment, or social interaction. Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding model of communication also posited that audiences can interpret media in dominant, negotiated, or oppositional ways based on their own experiences and perspectives. [/SUMMARY]
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Audience profiling
The document discusses several theories of how media influences audiences:
- The effect model suggests media has a generally negative effect by using fear, panic and exaggeration to manipulate viewers. This can lead to copycat behaviors.
- The hypodermic needle theory argues media "injects" viewers with its own views, making audiences powerless to resist propaganda. Viewers are not able to choose what to believe.
- The use and gratification theory says audiences actively choose media to satisfy needs like entertainment, social interaction, identity and education. Audiences are not passive consumers.
- Reception theory examines how producers encode messages and audiences decode them, either accepting (dominant), partially accepting (negotiated) or rejecting (
Audience theory
The document discusses several theories of audience reception of media, beginning with the hypodermic syringe theory which views audiences as passive receivers of media messages. It then discusses the uses and gratifications model which sees audiences as active in selecting media to fulfill needs. Finally, it discusses Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding theory of preferred, negotiated, and oppositional readings and Laura Mulvey's male gaze theory of how women are portrayed for the male viewer's pleasure in many films.
Presentation on audiences
The document discusses three major media theories:
1) The Hypodermic Needle Theory proposed that media had a direct and powerful effect on passive audiences by "injecting" them with messages. It is now seen as too simplistic.
2) Reception Theory, developed by Stuart Hall, argues that meaning is constructed differently by each individual based on their own experiences and interpretations, rather than being inherent in the text.
3) Uses and Gratification Theory focuses on why people use media rather than media effects, proposing that audiences are active and use media selectively to fulfill personal needs like surveillance, identity, relationships, and diversion.
Audience theories
Cultivation theory suggests that heavy television viewers are more likely to perceive social reality as being similar to what is portrayed on television over time. It was introduced by George Gerbner in the 1960s and proposes that television viewing can influence viewers' general beliefs about the world and specific attitudes. Heavy viewers who watch more than 4 hours per day are most susceptible to having their concept of reality shaped by television.
Audience theories hypodermic Needle Model
The Hypodermic Needle Model theory from the 1920s-1930s viewed audiences as passive receivers of media messages. It claimed the media could directly inject ideas into people's minds like a needle, making them think and act in certain ways without question. However, the theory was criticized and found to be outdated. Studies showed that personal communication and individual choice influenced people more than media alone. While some early broadcasts, like Orson Welles' 1938 "War of the Worlds," supported the theory by causing panic, it did not reflect how audiences interacted with media over the long term.
Audience Theory
The document summarizes four theories about how audiences interact with and make sense of media:
1) Uses and gratifications theory from 1959 suggests people seek out media to fulfill personal needs like entertainment, social comparison, identity, and surveillance.
2) Cultivation theory from 1975 argues long-term exposure to media shapes peoples' views of the real world.
3) Encoding/decoding theory from 1980 says audiences make sense of media based on their social positions like gender, age, class, and ethnicity.
4) Modeling theory from 2004 proposes media influence behaviors as audiences may copy violent or antisocial acts they see portrayed.
Audience theory
The document discusses several theories related to audience and media consumption:
1) Uses and gratifications theory focuses on why and how people actively seek out media to satisfy needs, rather than what media does to people. It assumes audiences are active in interpreting media.
2) Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding model examines how producers encode meanings in texts and how audiences can correctly decode, misdecode, or oppose the meanings.
3) The effects theory examines how media can influence behavior but was critiqued for viewing audiences as too passive, unlike uses and gratifications theory which sees audiences as active.
Media effects theory
The media effects theory proposes that media can influence society and behavior. It suggests that exposure to violent or sexual media content can cause people, especially youth, to mimic this behavior. However, the theory has several weaknesses. Studies have found no clear link between media exposure and real-world violence. The theory also oversimplifies audience interpretation and fails to consider the social context around media effects.
Recommended
Audience profiling
The document discusses several theories of how media influences audiences:
- The effect model suggests media has a generally negative effect by using fear, panic and exaggeration to manipulate viewers. This can lead to copycat behaviors.
- The hypodermic needle theory argues media "injects" viewers with its own views, making audiences powerless to resist propaganda. Viewers are not able to choose what to believe.
- The use and gratification theory says audiences actively choose media to satisfy needs like entertainment, social interaction, identity and education. Audiences are not passive consumers.
- Reception theory examines how producers encode messages and audiences decode them, either accepting (dominant), partially accepting (negotiated) or rejecting (
Audience theory
The document discusses several theories of audience reception of media, beginning with the hypodermic syringe theory which views audiences as passive receivers of media messages. It then discusses the uses and gratifications model which sees audiences as active in selecting media to fulfill needs. Finally, it discusses Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding theory of preferred, negotiated, and oppositional readings and Laura Mulvey's male gaze theory of how women are portrayed for the male viewer's pleasure in many films.
Presentation on audiences
The document discusses three major media theories:
1) The Hypodermic Needle Theory proposed that media had a direct and powerful effect on passive audiences by "injecting" them with messages. It is now seen as too simplistic.
2) Reception Theory, developed by Stuart Hall, argues that meaning is constructed differently by each individual based on their own experiences and interpretations, rather than being inherent in the text.
3) Uses and Gratification Theory focuses on why people use media rather than media effects, proposing that audiences are active and use media selectively to fulfill personal needs like surveillance, identity, relationships, and diversion.
Audience theories
Cultivation theory suggests that heavy television viewers are more likely to perceive social reality as being similar to what is portrayed on television over time. It was introduced by George Gerbner in the 1960s and proposes that television viewing can influence viewers' general beliefs about the world and specific attitudes. Heavy viewers who watch more than 4 hours per day are most susceptible to having their concept of reality shaped by television.
Audience theories hypodermic Needle Model
The Hypodermic Needle Model theory from the 1920s-1930s viewed audiences as passive receivers of media messages. It claimed the media could directly inject ideas into people's minds like a needle, making them think and act in certain ways without question. However, the theory was criticized and found to be outdated. Studies showed that personal communication and individual choice influenced people more than media alone. While some early broadcasts, like Orson Welles' 1938 "War of the Worlds," supported the theory by causing panic, it did not reflect how audiences interacted with media over the long term.
Audience Theory
The document summarizes four theories about how audiences interact with and make sense of media:
1) Uses and gratifications theory from 1959 suggests people seek out media to fulfill personal needs like entertainment, social comparison, identity, and surveillance.
2) Cultivation theory from 1975 argues long-term exposure to media shapes peoples' views of the real world.
3) Encoding/decoding theory from 1980 says audiences make sense of media based on their social positions like gender, age, class, and ethnicity.
4) Modeling theory from 2004 proposes media influence behaviors as audiences may copy violent or antisocial acts they see portrayed.
Audience theory
The document discusses several theories related to audience and media consumption:
1) Uses and gratifications theory focuses on why and how people actively seek out media to satisfy needs, rather than what media does to people. It assumes audiences are active in interpreting media.
2) Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding model examines how producers encode meanings in texts and how audiences can correctly decode, misdecode, or oppose the meanings.
3) The effects theory examines how media can influence behavior but was critiqued for viewing audiences as too passive, unlike uses and gratifications theory which sees audiences as active.
Media effects theory
The media effects theory proposes that media can influence society and behavior. It suggests that exposure to violent or sexual media content can cause people, especially youth, to mimic this behavior. However, the theory has several weaknesses. Studies have found no clear link between media exposure and real-world violence. The theory also oversimplifies audience interpretation and fails to consider the social context around media effects.
Audience theories- Slasher Films
The document discusses three audience theories related to slasher films:
1) Uses and Gratification Theory - Audiences actively seek out slasher films for enjoyment and gratification like pleasure or escapism. They are an "active" audience who can reject or accept the media.
2) Two-Step Flow Theory - Audiences are influenced by opinion leaders who are influenced by mass media. People may watch slasher films based on reviews from magazines and websites. This audience is more "passive".
3) Cultivation Theory - Heavy exposure to slasher films can lead audiences to believe the film world reflects reality. It can cultivate society's views, like how "dark alleys
Passive audiences and the hypodermic needle theory
The document discusses different theories about the relationship between media/video creators and their audiences. It introduces the hypodermic needle theory, which suggests that video directors can directly inject messages into viewers' minds, treating audiences as passive. However, it questions whether audiences are truly passive or active. It tasks the reader to consider examples like propaganda, media incidents, and fake news, and analyze whether they prove or disprove the idea of audiences passively soaking up whatever facts are presented.
Task 1
The document discusses several models of communication:
- The Hypodermic Needle Model suggests messages are directly received and wholly accepted without processing.
- The Inoculation Model proposes building tolerance to behaviors from an early age through small exposures like vaccines.
- The Two-Step Flow Model holds that ideas spread from media to opinion leaders and their social circles.
- Uses & Gratifications Theory focuses on what audiences do with media to fulfill needs rather than media's effects.
- Reception Theory examines how audiences perceive and interpret messages differently based on their perspectives.
Section A: Passive Audience Theory
This document provides an overview of audience theory, including both "effects" models that consider how media impacts audiences, and different types of audience members (passive vs. active). It discusses the "preferred reading" theory, where media producers promote a particular interpretation that most audiences accept. The cultural effects model is explained, viewing audiences as passive recipients of ideological messages from media owners that gradually influence society over time. Key theories covered include the hypodermic syringe model, two-step flow, uses and gratifications, and cultivation theory.
Uses And Gratification Theory
What is the uses and gratification theory and how does it apply to the music video Sacrilege by the Yeah Yeah Yeahs.
Media Effects
This document summarizes media effects research on violence, including the types of effects studied (negative like aggression, positive like pro-social behavior), historical context of the research, common hypotheses about media effects, and methods used in studies. Some of the key hypotheses discussed are social learning theory, desensitization, reinforcement of preexisting tendencies, and cultivation effects. Research methods covered include laboratory experiments, surveys, natural experiments, and longitudinal studies. The document also notes the prevailing public view that media have powerful effects on passive audiences.
Uses and gratification
The uses and gratification theory suggests that media users actively select media to fulfill certain needs. There are four basic needs: diversion, personal relationships, personal identity, and surveillance. Diversion fulfills the need to relax and escape daily life. Personal relationships involve using media for companionship and social groups. Personal identity relates to learning about oneself through media portrayals. Surveillance satisfies the need to stay informed about events and celebrities. Magazines like Q can fulfill these needs for teenagers - diversion through celebrity gossip, personal relationships by staying up-to-date with friends, personal identity through featured opportunities, and surveillance of latest celebrity news.
Bjmc i, cp, unit-iii, mass audience
1. Early theories viewed media audiences as easily manipulated masses that could be persuaded through advertising or propaganda. However, others saw media as having less influence and working in more subtle ways.
2. Historically, media like photography, film, radio, and television allowed entertainment and art to reach vast audiences, unlike older forms restricted by space. This led to concepts of audiences as atomized masses receiving identical content anywhere.
3. However, these "mass audience" theories have been questioned, as media exposure often occurs alone rather than as true crowds, and experiences are sometimes shared with others not present. Individual experiences also vary rather than all being equally influenced.
Audience Theory's
This document discusses several audience theory models: the hypodermic syringe model which suggests media has a direct influence on behavior; cultivation theory which proposes that heavy TV watching shapes views of social reality; desensitization theory that exposure to media violence decreases sensitivity; the copycat model where publicized events inspire copycat acts; and uses and gratification theory that audiences actively select media to fulfill needs. Examples are provided for each theory.
Uses and Gratification Theory
Uses and Gratification Theory proposes that individuals actively select media to fulfill personal preferences and satisfy needs or desires. Elihu Katz introduced the theory in 1974 to understand why people choose certain media. It suggests people use media in ways that gratify personal needs and preferences, such as for entertainment, social interaction, relaxation, or information.
Audience
This document summarizes three main theories of how audiences interact with media:
1. The Effects Model sees audiences as passive and easily influenced by media messages.
2. The Uses and Gratifications Model views audiences as active, using media to meet personal needs like diversion or social comparison.
3. Reception Theory examines how audiences can decode media messages in dominant, negotiated, or oppositional ways based on their own views.
Hypodermic tneedle model theory
The hypodermic needle model theory suggests that media messages are directly delivered to and accepted by a passive audience, who will believe anything they are told without questioning. It was popular in the 1950s but sees audiences as naive and vulnerable. Critics argue that modern audiences are more active and independent, able to access different opinions and fact-check information online, making them less likely to passively accept a single message.
Uses and gratification theory
Uses and Gratification Theory focuses on why audiences use media rather than how media affects people. It suggests audiences use films for entertainment, social interaction, personal identity, and information. Producers aim to entertain viewers and provide what audiences want to maximize profits. For a film targeting 16-25 year olds, this theory recommends focusing on entertainment and education through relatable characters to engage the social audience.
Postmodernism 2014
This document discusses key concepts and techniques of postmodernism such as bricolage, hyperreality, simulacra, simulation, intertextuality, hybridity, parody and pastiche. It provides examples and definitions of these terms. The document is intended to help the learner understand issues of postmodernism and identify elements of postmodernism in media texts through discussion and analysis of examples.
Uses and gratifications theory
Uses and Gratifications theory proposes that people actively seek out media to satisfy personal needs and desires. It focuses on why audiences use specific media rather than how media affects people. The theory suggests people may consume media for personal identity, education, entertainment, or social interaction. However, some criticize it for implying people always choose and control their media consumption.
Mediation and representation
The document discusses the concept of mediation in media studies. It provides three key things to look for in any mediated text: selection, where elements are chosen from many alternatives; organization, where elements are arranged in intentional ways; and focusing, where the text guides audience attention. Mediation means the reality is altered and we receive a represented version through this process, rather than direct reality. We should bear in mind that any media text we encounter has undergone mediation and represents a version, not the original reality.
Freedom of the Press
This document discusses several topics related to freedom of the press and privacy:
1) It describes a story from The Sun newspaper about a Conservative chairman who improperly used expenses for a nanny, demonstrating the press's role in safeguarding freedom by reporting on misuse of public funds.
2) It discusses a Daily Mail story and photo about Peter Andre buying a home after his divorce, showing how this intrudes on his privacy by reporting details about his personal life and children.
3) It debates whether the press abuses its freedom by publishing stories just to humiliate people or make money, even if the stories invade people's private lives, like involving children. However, others argue the press is just doing
Audience response theories
The document discusses several theories of audience response to media:
1) The hypodermic needle model views audiences as passive, simply absorbing messages from media like injections. However, audiences respond individually based on opinions and experiences.
2) The two-step flow theory proposes people are more influenced discussing media with others, whose opinions then shape views. "Opinion leaders" particularly sway others.
3) Uses and gratifications theory argues individuals actively use media to fulfill different needs like information, identity, social interaction, and entertainment. Critics note a lack of choice in some exposures.
4) Reception theory outlines preferred, negotiated, and oppositional readings - the intended, modified, and alternative messages audiences take from media
Cultivation theory ppt
Cultivation Theory examines the long-term effects of television on viewers' perceptions of social reality. It suggests that the more time people spend watching television, the more likely they are to believe social reality reflects what is portrayed on television. However, critics argue it is too simplistic and does not analyze television's potential positive effects or account for other social influences.
Task 8 !
The document discusses the design elements of tabloid newspapers and magazines. It provides examples and screenshots of tabloid front pages from newspapers like The Sun and Daily Mail. It analyzes the use of fonts, images, headlines, layout and other stylistic choices. The document then explores creating a mock front page for a tabloid newspaper covering the topic of Piers Morgan being fired. It shares the planning and experimentation process, including possible headlines, images and font selections. Finally, it discusses how to adapt the design to a magazine format using examples from Time Magazine.
Digital graphics pro forma alan smith
The document provides information on various digital graphics file formats including raster graphics, vector graphics, JPEG, TIFF, PSD, AI, and 3DS. It then discusses Alan Smith's digital graphics project where he created images using shapes, rotoscoping, text, and logo design. Smith evaluated each image, noting what he liked and could improve. His t-shirt design project involved mood boards, idea generation, a proposal, digital planning, developing the design further, and a final design. Smith evaluated the process and final product.
Agip Presentation
Abu-Ghazaleh Intellectual Property (AGIP) is a leading intellectual property services provider in the Middle East with 28 offices. AGIP provides trademark, patent, design, copyright, and domain name services. AGIP believes strong intellectual property protection is important for economic development. AGIP was established in 1972 and has assisted several Arab countries with intellectual property laws and regulations. AGIP leads the intellectual property field in the Middle East and provides a wide range of intellectual property services.
More Related Content
What's hot
Audience theories- Slasher Films
The document discusses three audience theories related to slasher films:
1) Uses and Gratification Theory - Audiences actively seek out slasher films for enjoyment and gratification like pleasure or escapism. They are an "active" audience who can reject or accept the media.
2) Two-Step Flow Theory - Audiences are influenced by opinion leaders who are influenced by mass media. People may watch slasher films based on reviews from magazines and websites. This audience is more "passive".
3) Cultivation Theory - Heavy exposure to slasher films can lead audiences to believe the film world reflects reality. It can cultivate society's views, like how "dark alleys
Passive audiences and the hypodermic needle theory
The document discusses different theories about the relationship between media/video creators and their audiences. It introduces the hypodermic needle theory, which suggests that video directors can directly inject messages into viewers' minds, treating audiences as passive. However, it questions whether audiences are truly passive or active. It tasks the reader to consider examples like propaganda, media incidents, and fake news, and analyze whether they prove or disprove the idea of audiences passively soaking up whatever facts are presented.
Task 1
The document discusses several models of communication:
- The Hypodermic Needle Model suggests messages are directly received and wholly accepted without processing.
- The Inoculation Model proposes building tolerance to behaviors from an early age through small exposures like vaccines.
- The Two-Step Flow Model holds that ideas spread from media to opinion leaders and their social circles.
- Uses & Gratifications Theory focuses on what audiences do with media to fulfill needs rather than media's effects.
- Reception Theory examines how audiences perceive and interpret messages differently based on their perspectives.
Section A: Passive Audience Theory
This document provides an overview of audience theory, including both "effects" models that consider how media impacts audiences, and different types of audience members (passive vs. active). It discusses the "preferred reading" theory, where media producers promote a particular interpretation that most audiences accept. The cultural effects model is explained, viewing audiences as passive recipients of ideological messages from media owners that gradually influence society over time. Key theories covered include the hypodermic syringe model, two-step flow, uses and gratifications, and cultivation theory.
Uses And Gratification Theory
What is the uses and gratification theory and how does it apply to the music video Sacrilege by the Yeah Yeah Yeahs.
Media Effects
This document summarizes media effects research on violence, including the types of effects studied (negative like aggression, positive like pro-social behavior), historical context of the research, common hypotheses about media effects, and methods used in studies. Some of the key hypotheses discussed are social learning theory, desensitization, reinforcement of preexisting tendencies, and cultivation effects. Research methods covered include laboratory experiments, surveys, natural experiments, and longitudinal studies. The document also notes the prevailing public view that media have powerful effects on passive audiences.
Uses and gratification
The uses and gratification theory suggests that media users actively select media to fulfill certain needs. There are four basic needs: diversion, personal relationships, personal identity, and surveillance. Diversion fulfills the need to relax and escape daily life. Personal relationships involve using media for companionship and social groups. Personal identity relates to learning about oneself through media portrayals. Surveillance satisfies the need to stay informed about events and celebrities. Magazines like Q can fulfill these needs for teenagers - diversion through celebrity gossip, personal relationships by staying up-to-date with friends, personal identity through featured opportunities, and surveillance of latest celebrity news.
Bjmc i, cp, unit-iii, mass audience
1. Early theories viewed media audiences as easily manipulated masses that could be persuaded through advertising or propaganda. However, others saw media as having less influence and working in more subtle ways.
2. Historically, media like photography, film, radio, and television allowed entertainment and art to reach vast audiences, unlike older forms restricted by space. This led to concepts of audiences as atomized masses receiving identical content anywhere.
3. However, these "mass audience" theories have been questioned, as media exposure often occurs alone rather than as true crowds, and experiences are sometimes shared with others not present. Individual experiences also vary rather than all being equally influenced.
Audience Theory's
This document discusses several audience theory models: the hypodermic syringe model which suggests media has a direct influence on behavior; cultivation theory which proposes that heavy TV watching shapes views of social reality; desensitization theory that exposure to media violence decreases sensitivity; the copycat model where publicized events inspire copycat acts; and uses and gratification theory that audiences actively select media to fulfill needs. Examples are provided for each theory.
Uses and Gratification Theory
Uses and Gratification Theory proposes that individuals actively select media to fulfill personal preferences and satisfy needs or desires. Elihu Katz introduced the theory in 1974 to understand why people choose certain media. It suggests people use media in ways that gratify personal needs and preferences, such as for entertainment, social interaction, relaxation, or information.
Audience
This document summarizes three main theories of how audiences interact with media:
1. The Effects Model sees audiences as passive and easily influenced by media messages.
2. The Uses and Gratifications Model views audiences as active, using media to meet personal needs like diversion or social comparison.
3. Reception Theory examines how audiences can decode media messages in dominant, negotiated, or oppositional ways based on their own views.
Hypodermic tneedle model theory
The hypodermic needle model theory suggests that media messages are directly delivered to and accepted by a passive audience, who will believe anything they are told without questioning. It was popular in the 1950s but sees audiences as naive and vulnerable. Critics argue that modern audiences are more active and independent, able to access different opinions and fact-check information online, making them less likely to passively accept a single message.
Uses and gratification theory
Uses and Gratification Theory focuses on why audiences use media rather than how media affects people. It suggests audiences use films for entertainment, social interaction, personal identity, and information. Producers aim to entertain viewers and provide what audiences want to maximize profits. For a film targeting 16-25 year olds, this theory recommends focusing on entertainment and education through relatable characters to engage the social audience.
Postmodernism 2014
This document discusses key concepts and techniques of postmodernism such as bricolage, hyperreality, simulacra, simulation, intertextuality, hybridity, parody and pastiche. It provides examples and definitions of these terms. The document is intended to help the learner understand issues of postmodernism and identify elements of postmodernism in media texts through discussion and analysis of examples.
Uses and gratifications theory
Uses and Gratifications theory proposes that people actively seek out media to satisfy personal needs and desires. It focuses on why audiences use specific media rather than how media affects people. The theory suggests people may consume media for personal identity, education, entertainment, or social interaction. However, some criticize it for implying people always choose and control their media consumption.
Mediation and representation
The document discusses the concept of mediation in media studies. It provides three key things to look for in any mediated text: selection, where elements are chosen from many alternatives; organization, where elements are arranged in intentional ways; and focusing, where the text guides audience attention. Mediation means the reality is altered and we receive a represented version through this process, rather than direct reality. We should bear in mind that any media text we encounter has undergone mediation and represents a version, not the original reality.
Freedom of the Press
This document discusses several topics related to freedom of the press and privacy:
1) It describes a story from The Sun newspaper about a Conservative chairman who improperly used expenses for a nanny, demonstrating the press's role in safeguarding freedom by reporting on misuse of public funds.
2) It discusses a Daily Mail story and photo about Peter Andre buying a home after his divorce, showing how this intrudes on his privacy by reporting details about his personal life and children.
3) It debates whether the press abuses its freedom by publishing stories just to humiliate people or make money, even if the stories invade people's private lives, like involving children. However, others argue the press is just doing
Audience response theories
The document discusses several theories of audience response to media:
1) The hypodermic needle model views audiences as passive, simply absorbing messages from media like injections. However, audiences respond individually based on opinions and experiences.
2) The two-step flow theory proposes people are more influenced discussing media with others, whose opinions then shape views. "Opinion leaders" particularly sway others.
3) Uses and gratifications theory argues individuals actively use media to fulfill different needs like information, identity, social interaction, and entertainment. Critics note a lack of choice in some exposures.
4) Reception theory outlines preferred, negotiated, and oppositional readings - the intended, modified, and alternative messages audiences take from media
Cultivation theory ppt
Cultivation Theory examines the long-term effects of television on viewers' perceptions of social reality. It suggests that the more time people spend watching television, the more likely they are to believe social reality reflects what is portrayed on television. However, critics argue it is too simplistic and does not analyze television's potential positive effects or account for other social influences.
What's hot (19)
Passive audiences and the hypodermic needle theory
Passive audiences and the hypodermic needle theory
Viewers also liked
Task 8 !
The document discusses the design elements of tabloid newspapers and magazines. It provides examples and screenshots of tabloid front pages from newspapers like The Sun and Daily Mail. It analyzes the use of fonts, images, headlines, layout and other stylistic choices. The document then explores creating a mock front page for a tabloid newspaper covering the topic of Piers Morgan being fired. It shares the planning and experimentation process, including possible headlines, images and font selections. Finally, it discusses how to adapt the design to a magazine format using examples from Time Magazine.
Digital graphics pro forma alan smith
The document provides information on various digital graphics file formats including raster graphics, vector graphics, JPEG, TIFF, PSD, AI, and 3DS. It then discusses Alan Smith's digital graphics project where he created images using shapes, rotoscoping, text, and logo design. Smith evaluated each image, noting what he liked and could improve. His t-shirt design project involved mood boards, idea generation, a proposal, digital planning, developing the design further, and a final design. Smith evaluated the process and final product.
Agip Presentation
Abu-Ghazaleh Intellectual Property (AGIP) is a leading intellectual property services provider in the Middle East with 28 offices. AGIP provides trademark, patent, design, copyright, and domain name services. AGIP believes strong intellectual property protection is important for economic development. AGIP was established in 1972 and has assisted several Arab countries with intellectual property laws and regulations. AGIP leads the intellectual property field in the Middle East and provides a wide range of intellectual property services.
Agip Presentation
Abu-Ghazaleh Intellectual Property (AGIP) is a leading intellectual property services provider in the Middle East and globally. It has over 30 years of experience assisting governments and organizations in developing IP laws and regulations. AGIP believes strong IP protection is important for innovation and economic development. It provides a wide range of IP services including trademarks, patents, designs, and copyrights.
Viewers also liked (7)
Similar to Task 3
Task 3
The hypodermic needle model suggests that audiences passively accept messages communicated through media. However, uses and gratifications theory proposes that audiences actively seek out media to fulfill certain needs. This theory was developed by theorists like Herta Herzog and Jay Blumer who studied how audience motives changed when watching television. Later, Denis McQuail identified four categories of media use: information, personal identity, social interaction, and entertainment. Stuart Hall then expanded on this with his encoding/decoding model of how audiences can interpret media in preferred, negotiated, or oppositional ways. The hypodermic needle views audiences as passive while uses and gratifications sees them as active in interpreting and using media.
Task 3
The hypodermic needle model suggests that audiences passively accept media messages. However, uses and gratifications theory proposes that audiences actively seek out media to fulfill needs like information, identity, social interaction, and entertainment. Theorists like Katz, Blumer, and McQuail studied how audiences purposefully consume media. Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding model also viewed audiences as active in interpreting meanings based on their own perspectives and experiences. [/SUMMARY]
Audience Theory
This theory represents a shift toward viewing audiences as active participants rather than passive receivers of media. It focuses on understanding the social and psychological needs and motives that drive what audiences choose to consume. Specifically, it identifies four key needs: surveillance to stay informed, personal identity, relationships, and diversion or escapism. The theory argues that audiences make their own choices about what media to engage with based on gratifying these underlying needs.
Audience theories
The document discusses four main audience theories: the hypodermic needle model, two-step flow theory, uses and gratifications theory, and reception theory. The hypodermic needle model and two-step flow theory view audiences as passive, while uses and gratifications theory sees audiences as active in choosing media to fulfill certain needs. Reception theory argues producers encode hidden messages for audiences to decode.
Audincetheory 170328131453
This document discusses several theories about how audiences interact with and are influenced by media products and texts. It describes the hypodermic/effects model which views audiences as passive receivers of media messages, the uses and gratifications model which sees audiences as actively using media to fulfill needs and wants, and reception theory which examines how audiences can interpret media messages in different ways based on their own perspectives and experiences. Cultural effects theory also explores how media can shape societal values from both right-wing and left-wing viewpoints. The document provides examples and details of each theory.
Audience theories handout blank 2
The Reception Theory proposed by Stuart Hall suggests that audiences can respond to media messages in three ways - preferred, negotiated, or oppositional. A preferred response means fully agreeing with the encoded message. An oppositional response means fully disagreeing. A negotiated response agrees with some aspects but disagrees with others, taking a middle position. The theory sees audiences as active in determining their own response, based on factors like their views, experiences, and demographics. Critics say encoded messages can sometimes be misunderstood, potentially causing problems. As an example, online comments on a news article show preferred, oppositional, and negotiated responses to the writer's opinions.
Audience Theory
Audience theory examines how audiences engage with media. There are three main theories: the effects model sees audiences as passive receivers manipulated by media producers; the uses and gratifications model views audiences as active in using media to fulfill needs like diversion or social interaction; reception theory analyzes how audiences can decode messages differently from how producers encode them, either accepting, negotiating, or opposing the dominant meaning. Studying audience theory helps understand the relationship between audiences and media texts.
Audience Theories
The hypodermic model or "magic bullet" theory from the 1930s-40s suggested that mass media has a direct and powerful effect on passive audiences. It claimed media could trigger direct responses by "injecting" designed messages. However, this theory may be subjective as some people are more influenced than others.
The cultivation theory from the 1960s proposed that excessive TV viewing over time can alter perceptions of reality by increasing beliefs in social realities portrayed on TV. Heavy viewers (over 4 hours daily) are more likely to shape their concept of reality from TV than light viewers.
The uses and gratification theory examines why audiences consume certain media by looking at psychological needs around surveillance, identity, relationships and escapism that
Learning outcome three
The document discusses different theories about how audiences interact with and are influenced by media. It describes the uses and gratifications theory, which proposes that audiences actively seek out media to fulfill needs like acquiring information. It also outlines the hypodermic needle theory, where media directly injects ideas into passive audiences. Additionally, it discusses theories about active versus passive audiences, and whether people critically engage with media or just accept messages. Examples provided relate these theories to how documentaries aim to inform audiences and how North Korea controls media seen by its people.
Media Representation and Audience Theory
Laura Mulvey's Male Gaze Theory argues that films and videos are often made from the perspective of heterosexual men to objectify and appeal to male audiences. It looks at how men view women, how women see themselves, and how women see other women in media images. Evidence for this includes the emphasis on women's bodies and portrayal as objects in many popular music videos. Richard Dyer's Star Theory also examines how institutions construct celebrity personas through various media to embody certain ideologies and target audiences for financial gain.
Media audiences
Abraham Maslow proposed a hierarchy of needs consisting of basic physiological needs at the bottom level, followed by safety needs, love and belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs at the top. Once lower level needs are met, people can focus on achieving higher level needs. Early media effects theories viewed audiences as passive, such as the hypodermic needle model which suggested media could directly "inject" ideas into passive audiences. Later theories saw audiences as more active, such as uses and gratifications theory which proposes audiences actively select media to fulfill social and psychological needs.
Audince theory
This document discusses several theories for how audiences interact with and are influenced by media products and texts. It describes the hypodermic/effects model which views audiences as passive receivers of media influence, and cites an experiment showing media violence influencing children's behavior. It also covers cultural effects theory, reception theory which considers how audiences can understand and interpret messages differently, and uses and gratifications theory which positions audiences as actively using media to meet personal needs like identity, education, entertainment and social interaction.
C:\documents and settings\paul neville\my documents\influences on the audience
The document discusses several theories of media influence:
1) The Hypodermic Syringe Model suggests media has a direct influence on audiences and can be used to change behavior or gain power. Hitler used mass media to support the Nazi regime.
2) The Two-Step Flow Model proposes ideas from media reach opinion leaders first, who then influence the general population.
3) The Inoculation Model develops defenses against manipulation through persuasive messages.
4) Uses and Gratification Theory emphasizes that audiences actively choose media to fulfill needs.
5) Primary, secondary, and tertiary media influence depends on audience engagement levels.
MediaFilmExchange.co.uk Powerpoint
The document discusses several theories about how audiences interact with and are influenced by media texts. It describes the hypodermic syringe model which views audiences as passive and easily manipulated masses. It also outlines cultivation theory which suggests that repeated exposure to certain themes or issues can shape audiences' views over time. Additionally, it discusses uses and gratifications theory which sees audiences as active in choosing media content to fulfill specific needs or gratifications.
Audience
The Hypodermic Needle Theory from the 1920s-1930s viewed audiences as passive receivers of media messages. It claimed the media directly injects ideas into audiences' minds without their own interpretation. However, it is now seen as outdated since audiences actively engage with media in various ways. Later theories like Uses and Gratifications and Blumler and Katz's model of audience needs demonstrated that audiences are active, motivated in their media selections, and interpret messages differently. Stuart Hall's theory of encoding/decoding also showed that media texts can be read dominantly, negotiatively, or oppositionally rather than just the intended encoding.
Audience theories
The document summarizes several audience theories:
1) Cultivation theory suggests that heavy media and television viewers are more likely to have their attitudes and beliefs influenced by what they see.
2) Two-step flow theory proposes that media messages are less influential than personal communication, with opinion leaders receiving information from media and passing it to others.
3) Hypodermic needle model views the audience as passive and powerless to resist direct media messaging.
AUDIENCE THEORY
The document discusses several theories related to audiences and media studies:
1) Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs proposes that humans have physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization needs that must be met.
2) Passive audience theory suggests that media can directly "inject" ideas and beliefs into audiences who passively accept messages.
3) Cultivation theory argues that prolonged TV watching can shape viewers' perceptions of social reality through repetitive exposure to certain ideas.
4) Two-step flow theory posits that media messages pass from media to opinion leaders and then to the general public rather than directly to audiences.
Audience theory
David Morley outlined three positions that a reader/audience may have when consuming media:
1) Dominant/hegemonic reading where the audience fully accepts the preferred meaning
2) Negotiated reading where the audience broadly accepts but modifies the preferred meaning to reflect their views
3) Oppositional/counter-hegemonic reading where the audience rejects the preferred meaning and brings their own interpretation
Morley argues that audiences who share cultural experiences will tend to interpret messages in similar ways. Their readings will be shaped by shared cultural understandings.
Audience theory
David Morley outlined three positions that a reader/audience may have when consuming media:
1) Dominant/hegemonic reading where the audience fully accepts the preferred meaning
2) Negotiated reading where the audience broadly accepts but modifies the preferred meaning to reflect their views
3) Oppositional/counter-hegemonic reading where the audience rejects the preferred meaning and brings their own interpretation
Morley argues that audiences who share cultural experiences will tend to interpret messages in similar ways. Their readings will be shaped by shared cultural understandings.
Active and passsive
The document discusses four theories of media effects:
1) The hypodermic theory views audiences as passive recipients who are immediately influenced by media messages. It cites the Jamie Bulger murder case as an example but notes the theory is outdated.
2) Uses and gratification theory examines why audiences choose certain media and what needs they fulfill, such as identity and interests.
3) Reception theory proposes there are three ways audiences interpret media - accepting the intended message, opposing it, or negotiating it to fit their own views.
Similar to Task 3 (20)
C:\documents and settings\paul neville\my documents\influences on the audience
C:\documents and settings\paul neville\my documents\influences on the audience
More from AlanSmith96
Graphic narrative resubmission!
The document contains research and planning for a graphic novel adaptation of Jack and the Beanstalk with a modern twist. It includes exploring layouts, fonts, and content from existing graphic novels for both children and adults. Draft scripts are presented with different dialogue options incorporating more modern language. The proposal outlines plans to create a 4-page graphic novel using photographs edited to look like comic book panels telling the story with humor, such as the giant having an afro. The target audience is identified as 10-15 year olds to make the classic tale appealing again through a twist while keeping the overall story. Schools are identified as a way to market the product to this age group.
Graphic narrative resubmission!
The document contains research and planning for a graphic novel adaptation of Jack and the Beanstalk with a modern twist. It includes exploring layouts, fonts, and content from existing graphic novels for both children and adults. Draft script sections modernize the dialogue. The proposal outlines creating a 4-page graphic novel using photographs edited to look like comics. It will target an older audience of 10-15 year olds with humor like the giant having an afro and a guitar being stolen. The goal is to make the classic tale appealing again through a comedic twist.
Writing copy resubmission!
Charlie, a 0-18 year old male from London, focuses on question 4 where he supports Piers Morgans claims that people who jump in front of trains are “Selfish”. He does not like Morgan but shares Piers Morgan’s opinion on gun crime. He believes that if some people give up guns and a large proportion keep them it does not improve the situation.
Writing copy resubmission!
Charlie, a 0-18 year old male from London, focuses on question 4 where he supports Piers Morgans claims that people who jump in front of trains are “Selfish”. He does not like Morgan but shares Piers Morgan’s opinion on gun crime. He believes that if some people give up guns and a large proportion keep them it does not improve the situation.
Writing copy resubmission
Charlie, a 0-18 year old male from London, focuses on question 4 where he supports Piers Morgans claims that people who jump in front of trains are “Selfish”. He does not like Morgan but shares Piers Morgan’s opinion on gun crime. He believes that if some people give up guns and a large proportion keep them it does not improve the situation.
Task 4!
Piers Morgan has long been accused of involvement in phone hacking as the former editor of British tabloids Daily Mirror and News of the World. Multiple witnesses have testified that Morgan outlined phone hacking techniques and boasted of using them to source stories. While Morgan denies any involvement, evidence suggests widespread phone hacking occurred at the newspapers during his time as editor. The police investigations into Morgan have been ongoing for years, and more victims are continuing to come forward, yet he still maintains his innocence despite clear contradictions in his own accounts.
Task 4
Piers Morgan has long been accused of involvement in phone hacking as the former editor of British tabloids Daily Mirror and News of the World. Multiple witnesses have testified that Morgan outlined phone hacking techniques and boasted of using them to source stories. While Morgan denies any involvement, evidence suggests widespread phone hacking occurred at the newspapers during his time as editor. The police investigations into Morgan have been ongoing for years, and more victims are continuing to come forward, yet he still maintains his innocence despite clear contradictions in his own accounts.
Task 4
Piers Morgan has long been accused of involvement in phone hacking as the former editor of British tabloids Daily Mirror and News of the World. Multiple witnesses have testified that Morgan outlined phone hacking techniques and boasted of using them to source stories. While Morgan denies any involvement, evidence suggests widespread phone hacking occurred at the newspapers during his time as editor. The police investigations into Morgan have been ongoing for years, and more victims are continuing to come forward, yet he still maintains his innocence despite clear contradictions in his own accounts.
Task 4!
Piers Morgan has long been accused of involvement in phone hacking as the former editor of British tabloids Daily Mirror and News of the World. Multiple witnesses have testified that Morgan was aware of, and in some cases directly involved in, phone hacking practices during his time as editor. However, Morgan continues to deny any involvement and knowledge of phone hacking at the newspapers he edited, despite significant evidence to the contrary. The allegations against Morgan span decades and involve the hacking of numerous celebrities and victims of crime.
Task 10!!
Surfers Against Sewage is an environmental charity based in the UK that campaigns to protect oceans, beaches and freshwater waves from plastic pollution and other environmental issues. They organize beach cleans, protests, educational events and political lobbying to raise awareness of the problems caused by waste in the natural environment and push for changes to protect natural spaces for future generations to enjoy. Their goal is a clean, healthy and plastic-free ocean for marine life and coastal communities.
Social Action
This document appears to be a resubmitted PowerPoint presentation titled "Social Action" created by Alan Smith. The presentation likely discusses topics related to social action or social issues. More context would be needed to provide a more detailed summary of the content or purpose of this resubmitted PowerPoint presentation.
Social action resubmission !
This document appears to be a resubmitted PowerPoint presentation titled "Social Action" created by Alan Smith. The presentation likely discusses topics related to social action or social issues. More context would be needed to provide a more detailed summary of the content or purpose of this resubmitted PowerPoint presentation.
Task 10!!
Surfers Against Sewage is an environmental charity based in the United Kingdom that aims to protect oceans, waves, beaches and wildlife. The organization campaigns on issues like water quality, plastic pollution and the impacts of climate change. Surfers Against Sewage also works to bring environmental issues to public attention through education and engaging communities.
Design for advertising!
The document provides initial ideas and concepts for the design of an energy drink advertising campaign. The first idea, called qWake, uses an earthquake theme to convey that not purchasing the drink will result in a natural disaster. A mock-up design is created featuring a bike jumping over cracks in the ground. Additional ideas target health-conscious consumers with a drink called Improvise or athletes with Limitless. Mood boards and mind maps are used to explore themes, target audiences, and branding elements. Potential slogans, scripts, and product variations are proposed. Font and color scheme options are tested to match different ideas. The final design features layered earthquake imagery and the Richter scale to reinforce the theme while making the drink name stand out
Design For Advertising (Task 3+)
The document provides initial ideas and concepts for the design of five different energy drink products.
Idea 1 is called "qWake" and uses the theme of an earthquake, featuring an image of a bike jumping over cracks in the ground. The target demographic is young male extreme sports enthusiasts.
Idea 2 is called "Improvise" and aims to provide a healthier alternative, targeting health-conscious consumers. The design would use green colors and natural symbols.
Idea 3 is called "Limitless" and targets top athletes, conveying unlimited energy. The design would use bright colors and feature images of athletes using the drink.
Idea 4 is called "Limbo" and targets dark music
Task 6
The band Glendale is releasing their first album "Illusion is the first of all pleasures" and aims to target an audience aged 23-30 who appreciate folk and rock music. Objectives for the first year include developing the band's image and fan base through album promotion, concerts, and building a reputation. Merchandise like t-shirts and the use of radio, print media, and social media like Facebook and Twitter will be used to promote the band and drive album sales of 2,000 in two months and 40,000 in the first year. The key message is that Glendale produces meaningful music as down-to-earth former farmers who are still connected to their fans.
Task 5
This document contains a SWOT analysis for a new MP3 player with Spotify integration. The strengths include having a unique product and knowledge of competitors. Weaknesses are a lack of funding and brand power compared to Apple. Opportunities include a growing market and room for expansion. Threats include strong competitors like Apple releasing new products and lack of resources to compete. The analysis examines internal factors like resources and external factors beyond their control like market trends.
Task 4
Audi focuses its marketing on quality, performance, and luxury targeting middle to higher income individuals. Its advertisements emphasize the vehicle's technology and design without mentioning price. Ford historically focused on price but is shifting to also emphasize quality to appeal to more customers. Both supermarkets ASDA and Marks & Spencer's target different demographics - ASDA focuses solely on low prices to attract cost-conscious customers while Marks & Spencer's stresses quality even if it means higher prices to appeal to image-conscious consumers. Apple emphasizes innovation and quality over price in its marketing to cultivate an exclusive brand image and attract creative customers, unlike HTC which must compete on price due to reputation issues.
Design For Advertising Resubmission!
The document provides initial ideas and concepts for the design of five different energy drink products.
Idea 1 is called "qWake" and uses the theme of natural disasters like earthquakes. The target audience is young male extreme sports enthusiasts.
Idea 2 is called "Improvise" and aims to provide a healthier alternative energy drink targeting health-conscious consumers, especially young females.
Idea 3 is called "Limitless" and is designed for top athletes seeking endless energy. Its target audience includes both male and female youth sports players.
Idea 4 is called "Limbo" and targets dark music fans seen as aggressive and passionate. Its target audience includes males aged 18-30.
Task 9! Evaluation
The document evaluates whether the final pieces created are fit for their intended purpose of promoting awareness of environmental issues for Surfers Against Sewage. It summarizes the design process for logos, merchandise like t-shirts and phone cases, and posters. Various designs were explored and refined before final versions were selected that were simple, visually appealing, and professionally represented the client's needs and target youth audience. Comparisons are made to existing client materials to ensure the new designs meet the required standard.
More from AlanSmith96 (20)
Recently uploaded
Ealing London Independent Photography meeting - June 2024
Photographs from trip to American Deep South
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka Dpbos...
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka Dpbos...➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
Sattamatka.satta.matka.satta matka.kalyan weekly chart.kalyan chart.kalyan jodi chart.kalyan penal chart.kalyan today.kalyan open.fix satta.fix fix fix Satta matka nambar Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing哪里购买美国乔治城大学毕业证硕士学位证书原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国乔治城大学毕业证硕士学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Satta matka guessing matka Kalyan chart
SATTA MATKA | DPBOSS | KALYAN MAIN BAZAR | FAST MATKA RESULT KALYAN MATKA | MATKA RESULT | KALYAN MATKA TIPS | SATTA MATKA | MATKA COM | MATKA PANA JODI TODAY | BATTA SATKA | MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER | MATKA RESULTS | MATKA CHART | MATKA JODI | SATTA COM | FULL RATE GAME | MATKA GAME | MATKA WAPKA | ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE | MATKA RESULT | KALYAN MATKA RESULT | DPBOSS MATKA 143 | MAIN MATKA
MATKA NUMBER FIX MATKANUMBER FIX SATTAMATKA FIXMATKANUMBER SATTA MATKA ALL SATTA MATKA FREE GAME KALYAN MATKA TIPS KAPIL MATKA GAME SATTA MATKA KALYAN GAME DAILY FREE 4 ANK ALL MARKET PUBLIC SEVA WEBSITE FIX FIX MATKA NUMBER INDIA.S NO1 WEBSITE TTA FIX FIX FIX MATKA GURU INDIA MATKA KALYAN CHART MATKA GUESSING KALYAN FIX OPEN FINAL 3 ANK SATTAMATKA143 GUESSING SATTA BATTA MATKA FIX NUMBER TODAY WAPKA FIX AAPKA FIX FIX FIX FIX SATTA GURU NUMBER SATTA MATKA MATKA143 SATTA SATTA SATTA MATKA SATTAMATKA1438 FIX MATKA MATKA BOSS SATTA LIVE 3MATKA 143 FIX FIX FIX KALYAN JODI MATKA KALYAN FIX FIX WAP MATKA BOSS440 SATTA MATKA FIX FIX MATKA NUMBER SATTA MATKA FIXMATKANUMBER FIX MATKA MATKA RESULT FIX MATKA NUMBER FREE DAILY FIX MATKA NUMBER FIX FIX MATKA JODI SATTA MATKA FIX ANK MATKA ANK FIX KALYAN MUMBAI MATKA NUMBER FIXMATKANUMBER SATTA NUMBER FAST MATKA RESULT SATTA BATTA INDIAN SATTA SATTA RESULT MADHUR SATTA PRABHAT SATTA FIX FIX FIX SATTA NUMBER SATTAKING143 GUESSING SATTA CHART KALYAN PENAL CHART MATKA420 SATTA GUESSING NUMBER KALYAN NIGHT CHART SATTA FIX FIX FIX SATTA NUMBER FIX FIX FIX OPEN FIX FIX WAPKA MATKA DPBOSS FIX FIX 3ANK MATKA KALYAN CHART MATKA GUESSING TARA MATKA FIX FIXMATKANUMBER FINAL ANK MATKABOSS DUBAI SATTA MATKA GOLDEN MATKA FIX FIX MATKA NUMBER FIX MATKANUMBER FIX FIX FIX MATKA NUMBER FIX MATKANUMBER FIX SATTAMATKA FIXMATKANUMBER SATTA MATKA ALL SATTA MATKA FREE GAME KALYAN MATKA TIPS KAPIL MATKA GAME SATTA MATKA KALYAN GAME DAILY FREE 4 ANK ALL MARKET PUBLIC SEVA SATTA FIX FIX FIX MATKA GURU INDIA MATKA KALYAN CHART MATKA GUESSING KALYAN FIX OPEN FINAL 3 ANK SATTAMATKA143 GUESSING SATTA BATTA MATKA FIX NUMBER TODAY WAPKA FIX AAPKA FIX FIX FIX FIX SATTA GURU NUMBER SATTA MATKA MATKA143 SATTA SATTA SATTA MATKA SATTAMATKA1438 FIX MATKA MATKA BOSS SATTA LIVE 3MATKA 143 FIX FIX FIX KALYAN JODI MATKA KALYAN FIX FIX WAP MATKA BOSS440 SATTA MATKA FIX FIX MATKA NUMBER SATTA MATKA FIXMATKANUMBER FIX MATKA MATKA RESULT FIX MATKA NUMBER FREE DAILY FIX MATKA NUMBER FIX FIX MATKA JODI SATTA MATKA FIX ANK MATKA ANK FIX KALYAN MUMBAI MATKA NUMBER FIXMATKANUMBER SATTA NUMBER FAST MATKA RESULT SATTA BATTA INDIAN SATTA SATTA RESULT MADHUR SATTA PRABHAT SATTA FIX FIX FIX SATTA NUMBER SATTAKING143 GUESSING SATTA CHART KALYAN PENAL CHART MATKA420 SATTA GUESSING NUMBER KALYAN NIGHT CHART SATTA FIX FIX FIX SATTA NUMBER FIX FIX FIX OPEN FIX FIX WAPKA MATKA DPBOSS FIX FIX 3ANK MATKA KALYAN CHART MATKA GUESSING TARA MATKA FIX FIXMATKANUMBER FINAL ANK MATKABOSS DUBAI SATTA MATKA GOLDEN MATKA WAPKA.FIX FIX FIX
一比一原版迪肯大学毕业证(DU毕业证书)学历如何办理
多少钱办理【微信号:176555708】【多少钱办理(DU毕业证书)】【微信号:176555708】《成绩单、外壳、offer、真实留信官方学历认证（永久存档/真实可查）》采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（纸质、底色、纹路）我们拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同机器制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！】
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信号:176555708】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信号:176555708】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
留信网服务项目：
1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka
KALYAN MATKA | MATKA RESULT | KALYAN MATKA TIPS | SATTA MATKA | MATKA.COM | MATKA PANA JODI TODAY | BATTA SATKA | MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER | MATKA RESULTS | MATKA CHART | MATKA JODI | SATTA COM | FULL RATE GAME | MATKA GAME | MATKA WAPKA | ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE | MATKA RESULT | KALYAN MATKA RESULT | DPBOSS MATKA 143 | MAIN MATKAPART B. UNIT 1 REPORT.pptx The Artist Mindset in the Elementary Grades
PART B. UNIT 1 REPORT.pptx The Artist Mindset in the Elementary Grades
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka Dpbos...
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka Dpbos...➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
Sattamatka.satta.matka.satta matka.kalyan weekly chart.kalyan chart.kalyan jodi chart.kalyan penal chart.kalyan today.kalyan open.fix satta.fix fix fix Satta matka nambar❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Kalyan Satta Matka Guessing Matka Result Main Bazar chart
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Kalyan Satta Matka Guessing Matka Result Main Bazar chart❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Kalyan Satta Matka Guessing Matka Result Main Bazar chart
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Kalyan Satta Matka Guessing Matka Result Main Bazar chart Final Matka Satta Matta Matka 143 Kalyan Chart Satta fix Jodi Kalyan Final ank Matka Boss Satta 143 Matka 420 Golden Matka Final Satta Kalyan Penal Chart Dpboss 143 Guessing Kalyan Night Chart Full CAD Project Cardiovascuwhore Debut PDF CAD Meena Pittman
Full CAD Project Cardiovascuwhore Debut PDF CAD
Meena Pittman
哪里办理(sjsu毕业证书)美国圣何塞州立大学毕业证硕士文凭证书原版一模一样
原版定制【微信:bwp0011】《(sjsu毕业证书)美国圣何塞州立大学毕业证硕士文凭证书》【微信:bwp0011】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信bwp0011】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信bwp0011】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka ...
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka ...➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
KALYAN MATKA | MATKA RESULT | KALYAN MATKA TIPS | SATTA MATKA | MATKA.COM | MATKA PANA JODI TODAY | BATTA SATKA | MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER | MATKA RESULTS | MATKA CHART | MATKA JODI | SATTA COM | FULL RATE GAME | MATKA GAME | MATKA WAPKA | ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE | MATKA RESULT | KALYAN MATKA RESULT | DPBOSS MATKA 143 | MAIN MATKA➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Kalyan Matka Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Kalyan Matka Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Kalyan Matka Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka KALYAN MATKA | MATKA RESULT | KALYAN MATKA TIPS | SATTA MATKA | MATKA.COM | MATKA PANA JODI TODAY | BATTA SATKA | MATKA PATTI JODI NUMBER | MATKA RESULTS | MATKA CHART | MATKA JODI | SATTA COM | FULL RATE GAME | MATKA GAME | MATKA WAPKA | ALL MATKA RESULT LIVE ONLINE | MATKA RESULT | KALYAN MATKA RESULT | DPBOSS MATKA 143 | MAIN MATKA原版制作(UNITO毕业证书)都灵大学毕业证Offer一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(UNITO毕业证书)都灵大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
哪里购买(ucr毕业证书)美国加州大学河滨分校毕业证研究生文凭证书原版一模一样
原版定制【微信:bwp0011】《(ucr毕业证书)美国加州大学河滨分校毕业证研究生文凭证书》【微信:bwp0011】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信bwp0011】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信bwp0011】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
Recently uploaded (20)
Ealing London Independent Photography meeting - June 2024
Ealing London Independent Photography meeting - June 2024
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka Dpbos...
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka Dpbos...
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka
PART B. UNIT 1 REPORT.pptx The Artist Mindset in the Elementary Grades
PART B. UNIT 1 REPORT.pptx The Artist Mindset in the Elementary Grades
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka Dpbos...
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka Dpbos...
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Kalyan Satta Matka Guessing Matka Result Main Bazar chart
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Kalyan Satta Matka Guessing Matka Result Main Bazar chart
Full CAD Project Cardiovascuwhore Debut PDF CAD Meena Pittman
Full CAD Project Cardiovascuwhore Debut PDF CAD Meena Pittman
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka ...
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka ...
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Kalyan Matka Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Kalyan Matka Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka
Task 3
- 1. Alan Smith
- 2. The hypodermic needle model is about audiences. The idea is that messages are directly received and accepted by the audience you are targeting at. The theory suggests that people will do as they are told, However it is now feared that it could no longer exist as said by theorists Katz and lazarfeld. An example can come from what was the Nazi propaganda and how something as little as a poster with a soldier acting positively to the situation persuaded people. It tried to show that the Jews were ‘bad guys’ and was put in place to recruit people or support what was happening. The main theorist behind this was Harold Lasswell. This is considered to be passive consumption and what media can do to people. The pictures show what hypodermic needle is supposed to do and make you think in a certain way.
- 3. The hypodermic needle theory implied mass media had a direct, immediate and powerful effect on its audiences. The factors that effected it were: the fast rise and popularization of radio and television - the emergence of the persuasion industries, such as advertising and propaganda - the Payne Fund studies of the 1930s, which focused on the impact of motion pictures on children, and - Hitler's monopolization of the mass media during WWII to unify the German public behind the Nazi party A popular example of the theory being in use was the Magic Bullet theory. This came about in 1938 by Orson Welles and the newly formed radio show he presented was interrupted by a news ‘bulletin’. It said that Martians has started to invade the earth. The alert was in fact for entertainment purposes only however many listeners did take it seriously. This proves that what you hear can effect your actions and the media has a very strong grasp on peoples actions. The bullet in the theory suggesting it is being shot into the public and how they may sometimes be portrayed as gullible.
- 4. Uses and Gratifications theory tries to explain why people consume media products and what they will receive from it. It discusses how users deliberately choose media that will satisfy given needs. This is seen as active consumption and what people do to the media. It is based on Communication to a mass media target. The main theorists behind this are Herta Herzog who founded the earliest form, Jay Blumer and Denis McQuail who studied the election in the UK and looked at how peoples motives changed by watching mass marketed television programmes, from this they could tell how people were influenced by what they saw. Since then the radio and TV have had a very big influence on the media.
- 5. Denis McQuail, like all the other theorists looked into why people use the Media. He came up with 4 categories. Information; Where you want to find out news for self-education. Personal Identity; To reinforce personal values and models of behaviour being found in actions. Integration and Social interaction; Having a substitute for human companionship such as social network sites like Facebook. Entertainment; escaping problems and relaxing.
- 6. This theory looks how the audience interprets the media that they consume. Stuart Hall developed this theory and made it with 2 parts. The first being that of Encoding and Decoding. Encoding is that of where the product wants to get a message across but through a subtle way. Anchoring is used in Newspapers to relate the images and headlines with a goal of making you buy it. Decoding is almost the opposite and where the media product lets the consumer decode the message of what has been put inside. The second part looks at how someone understands a product and what their views are towards it.
- 7. Hall’s idea said that there were 3 ways in interpreting a media text. Preferred, Negotiated and Oppositional. Preferred is where the reader understands what has happened or been reported and agrees with the general view about it. Negotiated is where the reader generally accepts what they are reading however puts themselves in that position and tries to understand that from their own experiences. Oppositional is where the reader understands the reading but does not agree with what has been put and has the opposite view to it.
- 8. Passive audiences do not apply their own ideas when buying a product, the hypodermic needle therefore assumes audiences are passive. They are Passive because they tell the audience what to think and how they should interpret the media given to them. This is where the person does not pay attention to what is being said but gets psychologically effected by the media. For example seeing an advert where someone eats some crisps makes you want to eat crisps. Active audiences apply their own thoughts, ideas and experiences to the media, Uses and Gratifications are therefore active. This is the opposite to passive and where someone goes out their way to pay attention to what has been written.
- 9. When looking at Television programmes such as Family guy you can easily understand the meanings on what influences an audience. A Preferred reading on this would be that when looking at the main character Peter Griffin. It would insist that all American males are obese and do stupid things. This is because they take what has been said to be true and do not believe anything else.
- 10. A Negotiated view on it could be that they accept the stupid things Peter does however they believe that there may be a reason behind it. A Oppositional view would be that they completely disagree with the content and consider the characters to be false and not to be taken seriously. Also that it should not represent all males in America as it is only one person.
- 11. When applying hypodermic Needle to a Television programme such as Family Guy then it is clear to see that it is telling you in a passive way what to believe about the show and how to interpret the way the characters behave. Using the 4 categories distinguished by McQuail it is clear that watching the show it is found in the entertainment side and that of escaping your own problems and can also be seen as relaxing.