Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - Dr. Julius King Kwedhi
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Case: Anamnesis: Patient was diagnosed with pneumonia in 2016 Patient has been examined by infectious diseases specialist Was diagnosed with sarcoidosis in 2017 after radiologic exam last month Previous lung auscultation revealed crepitation He was treated with corticosteroids, which helped eliminate crepitation He was treated with prednisolon 30-35 mg
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This document provides an overview of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and evaluating patients with rheumatic diseases. It discusses evaluating joint swelling based on distribution, acute vs chronic symptoms, and evidence of systemic inflammation. Common tests in rheumatology like joint aspiration and antibodies are also outlined. RA is introduced as a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the synovium. Diagnostic criteria, manifestations, associated syndromes, laboratory findings, and treatment options for RA are summarized. Complications of RA like atlantoaxial subluxation are also mentioned.
Mediquiz mains July 2018
This document outlines the rules and questions for the first round of a medical quiz called Mediquiz Mains 2018, including a crossword puzzle round with questions in various medical topics. The rounds also include a case scenario round and a connect round to test connections between different medical conditions.
Acute Abdomen In The ICU
This document discusses the acute abdomen in the ICU. It defines an acute abdomen as a condition with abrupt onset of severe abdominal pain that requires urgent evaluation and diagnosis as it may require emergency surgery. Evaluating acute abdomen in critically ill patients can be challenging as they are often sedated and unable to communicate symptoms. A multidisciplinary approach is needed, utilizing history, physical exam, labs, ultrasound and CT to make a diagnosis. Common etiologies include perforations, obstructions, ischemia and inflammation. Timely diagnosis and treatment improves outcomes.
Bronchoscopy indication preparation consent
Bronchoscopy is used for investigating symptoms, assessing lung infiltrates and masses, staging lung cancer, obtaining samples for diagnosis, and treating conditions like infections, tumors and collapsed airways. It involves inserting a flexible tube with a camera through the mouth or nose into the lungs. Risks include low oxygen, bleeding, collapsed lung, heart problems and death. Patients are prepared with scans, tests and fasting beforehand. Sedation is usually used and monitoring during and after the procedure is important. Informed consent discusses the patient's condition, procedure details, risks and alternatives.
A presentation on the management of warthin’s tumour with minor focal inflamm...
A presentation that discusses a medical condition that may be a of concern to cosmetic appearance of a human being as they go about performing their daily tasks. The presentation focusses on the pathophysiology, root causes and management.
Chronic subdural hematoma.pptx
This document provides an overview of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH), including its definition, epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, management, and outcomes. CSDH is defined as an abnormal collection of liquefied blood underneath the dura matter that can compress brain tissue and cause neurological symptoms, typically occurring 21 or more days after injury. Risk factors include advanced age, coagulopathies, head trauma, alcohol abuse, and conditions increasing falls risk. Treatment involves surgical evacuation of the hematoma using various burr hole or craniotomy techniques, with the goal of relieving pressure and allowing brain re-expansion to improve symptoms.
Tunnel vision and diagnostic error
An 65-year-old man went to the hospital with cough and coughing up blood. An x-ray showed signs of lung cancer. While at the hospital, the man also complained of severe foot pain but the doctor focused only on the lung issue. 24 hours later, the man was found to have poor blood circulation in his leg and foot but an intervention procedure did not turn out well. The case demonstrates "tunnel vision" where the doctor failed to properly examine the patient's other symptoms like foot pain due to being focused only on the lung cancer, leading to missed diagnosis of a related vascular problem.
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Presentations and management of intracranial abscess
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PA/IVS - Dr. Julius King Kwedhi
Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PA/IVS) is a rare congenital heart defect where the pulmonary valve is blocked, preventing blood flow to the lungs. It is characterized by an underdeveloped right ventricle and connections between the right ventricle and coronary arteries. Newborns present with cyanosis and rely on a patent ductus arteriosus for pulmonary blood flow. Without intervention, most infants will die within the first few months of life. Treatment involves surgical procedures like the Blalock-Taussig shunt, bidirectional Glenn procedure, and Fontan operation to redirect blood flow to the lungs without using the right ventricle.
Leukemia in Pediatrics - Dr. Julius King Kwedhi
Definition
A group of malignant diseases in which genetic abnormalities in a hematopoietic cell give rise to an unregulated clonal proliferation of cells
The progeny of these cells have a growth advantage over normal cellular elements, with an increased rate of proliferation & a decreased rate of spontaneous apoptosis
Disruption of normal marrow function, leading to marrow failure
Hemolytic Anemia - Dr. Julius King Kwedhi - Pediatrics
Definition:
Premature Destruction of Red Blood Cells, either intramuscularly or extravascularly, leading to a shortened red cell survival time.
Causes:
Premature Destruction of Red Blood Cells, either intramuscularly or extravascularly, leading to a shortened red cell survival time.
Genital Tract Infections - Dr. Julius King Kwedhi
Differential Diagnoses of Acute and Chronic Lower Abdominal Pain
Endometriosis
Ovarian cysts accident (torsion, haemorrhage, rupture)
Appendicitis
Cystitis
Diverticulitis
Ectopic Pregnancy
Tumors
Trapped Ovarian Syndrome
Mittelschmerz
Primary Dysmenorrhea
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease..., etc
Breast diseases - Dr. Julius King Kwedhi
Introduction:
History: Patient, Family, Current Breast complaint
Physical Examination: Inspection, Palpation, Lymph nodes
Diagnosis & Imaging: US, Mammography, MRI, CT, FNAC, Biopsy
Treatment: Hormonal, Antibiotics, Surgical, Chemotherapy
Ectopic Pregnancy - Dr. Julius King Kwedhi
Introduction
Lead to tubal rupture;
massive intra-abdominal hemorrhage —> death;
Tubal damage —> poor reproductive outcome;
It is the leading pregnancy-related cause of death in the first trimester.
With reliable serum pregnancy tests and vaginal ultrasound, early detection and treatment of an ectopic pregnancy is possible.
Abdominal Tuberculosis - Dr. Julius King Kwedhi
Types of Abdominal Tuberculosis:
Tuberculosis of the mesenteric lymphatic nodes (Mesadenitis)
Tuberculous peritonitis
Tuberculosis of the intestines
Personalized medicine in Familial Hypercholesterolaemia
This document discusses familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), a genetic disorder characterized by severely elevated cholesterol levels. FH is caused by mutations in the LDL receptor gene and has two main types: homozygous FH and heterozygous FH. Homozygous FH causes much higher cholesterol levels and earlier onset of heart disease. The document reviews the pathophysiology and genetics of FH, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options such as statins, resins, and PCSK9 inhibitors. Early detection and treatment are important to prevent premature heart attacks in those with FH.
Eczema - A Case Presentation (by Dr. Julius King Kwedhi)
Eczema: Come from the Greek name for boiling, a reference to the tiny vesicles (bubbles) that are commonly seen in the early acute stage of the disease
An immune-mediated inflammation of the skin arising from an interaction between genetic (e.g. epidermal barrier function, immune system) and environmental factors (foods, airborne allergens, Staphylococcus aureus colonization on skin due to deficiencies in endogenous antimicrobial peptides, topical products)
The eczemas are a disparate group of diseases, but unified by the presence of itch and, in the acute stages, of oedema (spongiosis) in the epidermis
Leprosy - Dr. Julius King Kwedhi
Etiology of Leprosy:
A chronic infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae
Acid-fast, rod shaped
Main route of infection:
nasal droplets,
Eating armadillos (south america)
Not very contagious, but close relatives are at high risk of infection
Branches of Trigeminal Nerve
The Trigeminal Nerve has 3 branches:
Nervus Ophthalmicus - Sensory
Nervus Maxillaris - Sensory
Nervus Mandibularis - Sensory & Motor
Nuclei of Trigeminus Nerve - Julius King Kwedhi
Nucleus Motorius Nervi Trigemini
Nucleus Mesencephalicus (Tractus mesencephalicus N. Trigemini)
Nucleus Pontinus (Nucleus Principalis Nervi Trigemini ) – For touch, temp, pain
Nucleus Spinalis N. Trigemini – For touch, temp, pain
Vestibular and Cerebellar Ataxia - Julius King Kwedhi
The word "ataxia", comes from the Greek word, "a taxis" meaning "without order or incoordination". The word ataxia means without coordination. (http://www.ataxia.org/learn/ataxia-diagnosis.aspx)
Inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movements; unsteady movements and staggering gait. (WordWeb Dictionary)
Modern aspercts of preventiv medicine
The document discusses mortality trends, causes of death, and prevention of non-communicable diseases. It notes that diseases of the circulatory system and cancer are becoming the leading causes of death globally and in Russia. Prevention is highlighted as the most cost-effective approach, with measures to address diseases of the circulatory system and cancer able to increase life expectancy by 10 and 8 years respectively. The document outlines principles of health promotion, types of prevention including primary, secondary and tertiary, and Russia's federal program to promote healthy lifestyles and prevent non-communicable diseases from 2013-2017 with the goal of increasing life expectancy.
Introduction to ph 11.01.2016
Introduction. History of Department for Public
Health and Health Care I. Sechenov`s FMSMU
Part I CONCEPT OF HEALTH.
Determinants of Health. Globalization and Health.
Model of Disease causation theories.
Part II PUBLIC HEALTH. History of public health.
Definition of public health. Major disciplines in
public health.
Part III HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT
3rd year - Children hygiene 1
This document discusses principles of hygiene and health protection for children and adolescents. It outlines several key laws of growth and development, including unevenness of growth, gender differences, environmental and genetic influences, and sensitive periods. Physical development indicators and criteria for evaluating biological age are provided. The document also establishes health groups based on presence of diseases and functional status to determine needed medical supervision.
Ethical Guidelines for Health Professionals in Namibia
Document on Ethical Guidelines for Health Professionals in Namibia, provided and made available by Health Professions Council of Namibia (HPCNA)
Right to Health
This document provides an overview of the right to health under international human rights law. It discusses what human rights are and defines the right to health. It outlines the minimum core obligations of the right to health, including availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of health facilities, goods and services. The document also examines the specific human rights related to health, such as the rights to water, food, housing and non-discrimination. It discusses where the right to health is derived from, including the Namibian Constitution, the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
The Patients' Rights Charter
For many decades the vast majority of the South African population has experienced either a denial or violation of fundamental human rights, including rights to health care services. To ensure the realisation of the right of access to health care services as guaranteed in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (Act No 108 of 1996), the Department of Health is committed to upholding,
promoting and protecting this right and therefore proclaims this PATIENTS' RIGHTS CHARTER as a common standard for achieving the realisation of this right.
This Charter is subject to the provisions of any law operating within the Republic of South Africa and to the financial means of the country.
http://www.doh.gov.za/docs/legislation/patientsright/chartere.html
BIOCHEMISTRY ПМГИМУ - 3.4 Colloqium 2 DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for both physical and mental health. Regular exercise can improve cardiovascular health, reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, enhance mood, and boost brain function. Staying physically active helps fight diseases and conditions while improving quality of life.
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Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
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Novas diretrizes da OMS para os cuidados perinatais de mais qualidadeProf. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
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O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
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- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
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- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
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ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.
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NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control program
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Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - Dr. Julius King Kwedhi
- 2. Complaints, Signs and Symptoms • Patient B, a male of 36 years of age presented at the hospital complaining of: • Fever, • Unproductive cough, • Retrosternal pain, • Pain in the eyes and periorbital region, • Joint pain, • Dyspnoea
- 3. Anamnesis • Patient was diagnosed with pneumonia in 2016 • Patient has been examined by infectious diseases specialist • Was diagnosed with sarcoidosis in 2017 after radiologic exam last month • Previous lung auscultation revealed crepitation • He was treated with corticosteroids, which helped eliminate crepitation • He was treated with prednisolon 30-35 mg
- 4. Peculiarities of External Examination (e.g. deformations, bruising, colour of skin, mucosal change, etc) • Patient is overweight • No other external peculiarities
- 5. Laboratory And Diagnostic Examinations (e.g. CT scan) • Chest X-Ray revealed enlarged heart borders • Echocardiography revealed: • Enlarged heart borders; • Hypertrophy of LV posterior wall; Mitral valve prolapse; Aortic valve stenosis; • LVOT enlarged? • RV hypertrophy, RA hypertrophy • Pulmonary hypertension • Inter ventricular septa hypertrophy; • Normal ejection fraction (71%) & heart contractility • Pressure Gradient = 30mmHg • No changes in hemodynamics
- 6. Risk Factors • Obesity • Hypertension • Patient does not drink alcohol or smoke
- 7. Further Diagnostic Exam • Blood analysis; biochemistry, FBC, Cardiac biomarkers • Serology • ECG; to rule out arrhythmias, MI • Cardiac CT • Cardiac MRI • Blood cultures
- 8. Management • Echocardiography surveillance to assess severity of Aortic Stenosis • Diet change; decrease cholesterol intake and salt intake • Prophylactic antibiotics
- 10. Discussion
- 11. Conclusion