The document discusses human trafficking. It defines human trafficking as the illegal trade of human beings through force, fraud or threats for exploitation. It discusses the pushing factors that cause people to leave their homes like unemployment and family conflicts, as well as pulling factors like false promises of jobs or scholarships that attract victims. The effects of human trafficking include physical and health impacts, loss of opportunities, and social isolation. Traffickers control victims through violence, drugs, isolation, and blackmail. They exploit victims through organ trafficking, forced marriage, sexual exploitation, and forced criminal activities. Controlling trafficking involves preventing child trafficking through community education, supporting victim justice, and working with businesses to prevent forced labor.

1. HUMAN TRAFFICKING
BY
PULANE MACHACHA

2. ABOUT MYSELF
Name: Pulane
Surname: Machacha
School: Lesotho College of Education
Program: Diploma in primary Education
Email: machachapulane@gmail.com

3. INTRODUCTION
 Defination of human trafficking
 Causes of human trafficking (Pushing and pulling factors)
 Effects of human trafficking
 Ways traffickers control their victims
 Ways traffickers exploit their victims
 Ways of controlling human trafficking

4. DEFINITION
Human trafficking is an illegal trade of human beings through force, fraud or use of threats and
violence manipulation to control a person for the purposes of exploitation.

5. There are pushing and pulling factors of human trafficking.
 Pushing factors of human trafficking refers to the circumstances and conditions that push
people to leave their homes and communities in search of better opportunities, often
making them vulnerable to exploitation and abuse.
 Pulling factors of human trafficking refers to the circumstances and conditions that
attracts people to migrate to a certain destination, often making them vulnerable to
exploitation.

6. Pushing factors of human trafficking
 Unemployment: When people are unemployed, they may be more vulnerable to human
trafficking. This is because they may be desparate for work and money and may be willing to
accept jobs that are exploitative or dangerous.
 Broken families/ conflicts in the family: If the family is struggling financially, the children may be
sent to work in order to support their families or if there is a conflict within the family, the children
may be pushed out of their homes, making them more vulnerable to being taken advantage of. So
in this way they can be easily trafficked and used for different purposes.

7. Pulling factors of human trafficking
 Job opportunities: It can be used as a temptation by traffickers to entice their victims. People may be
promised jobs in another country, but once the victim arrives, they may find that the jobs does not
even exist or that the conditions are much worse than were led to believe.
 Scholarship opportunities: This may also be used to entice young people to leave their homes or
countries only to find that the scholarship does not even exist or that it is a scam, so they will now
forced or used for different purposes.

8. How causes of human trafficking can be prevented
 For unemployment, the economic development programs and job training can help by creating
more opportunities for people and reduce their vulnerability to traffickers.
 For broken families and conflicts in the family, the social support programs can address the
underlying causes of these issues and promote healthy relationships.
 It is very imperative to research any opportunities thoroughly and ask for the references or verify
that the organization is legitimate.
 It is important for one to have support system in a place, such as family, friends who can help to
provide more advices and resources if something seems suspicious.

9. Effects of human trafficking
 Physical impact: The victims may suffer from physical injuries, illness or diseases due to their
exploitation.
 Health risks: Trafficked individuals are often denied proper healthcare and may be exposed to
sexually transmitted infectious, drug addiction and other health issues.
 Loss of opportunities: The victims are often denied access of education, training and employment
opportunities limiting their prospects for a better future.
 Social isolation: Traffickers often isolate the victims from friends and families.

10. Ways traffickers control their victims
 Physical violence and abuse: Traffickers uses physical force to control and intimidate victims.
 Traffickers may use drugs or alcohol to keep their victims dependent on them.
 Traffickers isolates victims from friends and family which makes it harder for victims to reach out for
help.
 Traffickers uses blackmail as to keep the victims under control, this can includes threatening to release
sensitive or embarrassing information about the victims if they do not abide.

11. Ways traffickers exploit their victims
 Organ trafficking: The victims may be trafficked for the purpose of organ removal and illegal organ
trade.
 Forced marriage: The victims, particularly women and girls, get trafficked for the purpose of forced
marriage.
 Sexual exploitation: Traffickers exploit victims particularly women and children for forced prostitution
or other form of sexual exploitation.
 Forced criminal activities: Traffickers force victims into criminal activities such as drug trafficking or
theft, exploiting their vulnerability.

12. Ways human trafficking can be controlled
 By working hand in hand with the communities to prevent child trafficking: Here the communities
educates the children and families about the risks of child trafficking, they can be better equipped to
protect their children.
 By supporting victims in accessing justice: Ensuring that the victims have access to legal and
financial resources which can help them seek justice and hold perpetrators accountable.
 By working with the businesses to prevent forced labor: The businesses can play a role in
preventing forced labor by adopting ethical sourcing practices and monitoring their supply chains.

13. RECOMMENDATION
I recommend that the government should improve visa policies and boarder security
measures to prevent smuggling of people across the boarder. The government can also
provide financial and technical support to organizations that work with the victims of
trafficking as well as improve data collection and analysis to better understand the
scope of the problem.

14. List of reference:
 https://www.Unodc.org
 https://humantraffickinghotline.org
 https://www.dhs.gov/blue-campaign/what-human-trafficking